JP2001158682A - Apparatus for composting treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a good-quality manure by well composting an organic waste in a fertilizing vessel. SOLUTION: An air-feeder (14) for homogenizing the temperature distribution in the fermenting vessel (2) is installed in an apparatus for composting treatment for forming the compost by arranging plural air-feeding pipes at the bottom part of the fermenting vessel (2), and fermenting the organic waste (5) in the fermenting vessel (2).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composting treatment apparatus for forming a compost by fermenting an organic waste such as cow, pig or chicken dung in a fermenter.

[0002]

Conventionally, in an apparatus for producing compost by depositing livestock dung and the like in a treatment tank, conventionally, from the bottom of the fermentation tank in order to secure aerobic conditions sufficient for composting. Supplying air. However, if such air supply is not carried out properly, the temperature distribution in the fermenter will also be non-uniform, which will not only inhibit uniform composting but also lignin, which inhibits plant growth. There is a disadvantage that it is not possible to obtain a high-quality fertilizer, for example, by making the separation / decomposition of pathogens, the killing of pathogenic bacteria, pests, and weed seeds nonuniform.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a composting apparatus in which a plurality of air supply pipes are disposed at the bottom of a fermenter to ferment organic waste in the fermenter to form compost. In the fermenter, an air supply means is provided to make the temperature distribution uniform, and during the fermentation treatment of organic waste in the fermenter, the composting is promoted at a uniform fermentation temperature to ensure good quality. Is to get the fertilizer.

[0004] Further, the fermenter is provided so as to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter uniform by controlling the air blowing force of the air discharged from the air supply pipe. It is intended to supply high-quality fertilizer easily by supplying air with substantially uniform air flow into the tank to make the temperature distribution uniform.

[0005] Further, the air supply amount of the air discharged from the air supply pipe is adjusted so as to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter uniform, and the fermentation is performed by a simple means using an air flow control valve or the like. A high-quality fertilizer can be easily obtained by supplying a substantially uniform amount of air into the tank to make the temperature distribution uniform.

Further, a plurality of air supply pipes are vertically arranged along a longitudinal direction of the fermenter formed in a long shape, and a plurality of air supply pipes are arranged in a transverse direction of the fermenter perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The air supply can be controlled in multiple rows and independently so that the temperature distribution of the organic waste is not uniform in the cross section of the fermenter, and the uniform temperature distribution can be easily maintained. It promotes composting well and ensures good quality fertilizer.

Further, based on temperature sensors provided at a plurality of locations in the fermenter, the air distribution pipe is controlled to discharge air to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter uniform, and the temperature in the fermenter is controlled by each temperature sensor. In addition to accurately detecting the distribution state, and controlling the air supply and the amount of air blown to the uniform temperature distribution state with high precision, a good quality fertilizer can be easily and accurately obtained.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fermenter, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the same, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the fermenter. ), And a large number of air supply pipes (3) extending longitudinally in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter (2) are disposed on the floor surface (4) of the fermenter (2), and the fermenter (2) is provided. A bogie that reciprocates along a longitudinal direction of the fermenter (2) with a rotary stirrer (6) that stirs organic waste (5), which is a raw material for compost such as cows, pigs, and chickens, that accumulates inside the fermenter (2) 7), the air required for fermentation is supplied to the organic waste (5) to be fed into the fermenter (2) and deposited by the supply pipe (3), and fermentation bacteria and the like are supplied to the stirrer (6). It is configured to promote uniform incorporation and promote composting.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the air supply pipe (3) has four rows in the horizontal direction and five rows in the vertical direction.
Each of the supply pipes (3) is provided with a large number of air ejection holes (9) that open downward at intervals of approximately 120 degrees, which are disposed in ventilation grooves (8) formed respectively on the floor surface (4). The supply pipe (3) is disposed in the air blow groove (8) such that the upper surface of the supply pipe (3) is lower than the floor surface (4), and is formed between the air blow groove (8) and the supply pipe (3). A granular material (10) such as gravel having a larger diameter than the discharge hole (9) is embedded in the gap so as to prevent the waste (5) from entering the ventilation groove (8) or the discharge hole (9). Make up.

Also, each air supply port (1) of each air supply pipe (3).
1) is connected to a blower (14) as air supply means via a branch pipe (12) and a blower pipe (13).
Four rows of air supply pipes (3a) (3b) (3c) (3d)
Four air ducts (13a) (13b) corresponding to the number
(13c) (13d), each row of supply pipes (3a)
(3b) A blower tube (13a) corresponding to each of (3c) and (3d)
(13b) (13c) (13d) each branch pipe (12a)
(12b), (12c), and (12d), and these blower tubes (13a), (13b), (13c), (1)
3d) is replaced with each of the electromagnetic pressure control valves (15a) (15b) (1
5c) (15d) or electromagnetic flow control valves (16a)
(16b) (16c) (16d), connected to the header (17) of the blower (14), from the supply pipes (3a), (3b), (3c), and (3d) in the same row, each control valve. (15a)-(15d) or (16a)-(16
The air having the same wind force (wind pressure) or air flow according to d) is supplied into the fermenter (2).

Further, a supply pipe (3) in the fermenter (2) is provided.
The drum (16a) above the positions a) to (3d) or above the supply pipes (3a) to (3d) of the stirring device (16).
A plurality of first to fourth temperature sensors (18a) (18b) (18c) for detecting the fermentation temperature of the waste (5) on the outer periphery and the like.
(18d) is provided to detect the temperature distribution state of the waste (5) in the fermenter (2).

Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the pressure control valves (15a) to (15d) or the flow control valves (16a) to
(16d) An automatic switch (19) for automatically controlling (only the pressure control valve is disclosed in this figure) and first and fourth wind pressure settings for manually operating each of the pressure control valves (15a) to (15d) independently (20a) (20b) (20c) (20
d) and the first to fourth temperature sensors (18a) to (18).
d) and a temperature setting device (21) for setting a reference temperature in the fermenter (2) are input-connected to a controller (22), and the first and fourth pressure control valves (15a) to (1) are connected.
5d), the controller (22) is connected, and when the automatic switch (19) is turned on, the pressure control valves (15a) to (15d) based on the detection of the first to fourth temperature sensors (18a) to (18d). And the temperature distribution of the waste (5) in the fermenter (2) is made uniform. The flow control valves (16a) to (16)
Even when d) is used, the configuration is substantially the same. Although a rotary type is used as the stirring device (6), any type such as a belt type turning machine may be used.

This embodiment is constructed as described above. At the time of the composting operation, as shown in FIG. 10, a compost raw material such as livestock dung from a livestock barn such as a cow, a pig or a chicken is converted into an organic waste (5). ) And mix the rice hulls and the like with the waste (5) as a moisture adjusting material.

At the same time, the water content is adjusted to a range of 55 to 70% centering on the optimum condition of 60%, and at the same time, about 100 g of fermentation bacterium for promoting composting is added to one cubic meter of the raw material (14). After mixing, the mixture is introduced into the fermenter (1) until a substantially constant pile height is reached, and after the introduction, the stirring device (6) is moved at least once within a predetermined time so as to be in the treatment tank (1). Is stirred to a substantially uniform state.

Also, during the composting operation in the processing tank (1), air from the blower (14) is sent from below through the air supply pipes (3a) to (3d), and the compost is aerobic. Ensure sufficient conditions and promote composting.

Further, during the blowing operation, the automatic switch (1)
In the automatic control of the sending wind (blast pressure) by the on operation of 9), when any one of the temperature sensors (18a) to (18d) detects the reference temperature or more, the corresponding pressure control valve (15a) or (15b) or (15
(c) or (15d) the wind power (blast pressure) is largely controlled to lower the temperature so that the temperature distribution of the waste (5) in the fermenter (2) is made substantially uniform.

As shown in FIG. 5, the temperature distribution during the processing operation in the fermenter (2) is such that when the poultry manure or the like has a high water content or viscosity, the temperature distribution in the center of the fermenter (2) is cross-sectional. Poor ventilation of waste (5), left and right side walls (1) and waste (5)
As a result, a temperature distribution line (a) having a higher temperature toward the center and a lower temperature toward the right and left sides becomes a convex temperature distribution line (a).
b) The pressure (P1) of (3c) was set to 500 mmAq, while the pressure (P1) of the supply pipes (3a) and (3d) on both the left and right sides.
Air is supplied at a pressure of 300 mmAq in (2) to make the temperature distribution uniform.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the waste (5) containing a lot of straw, such as cow dung of breeding cattle, and having good air permeability, the air circulation in the center of the waste (5) becomes large. As a result, a concave temperature distribution line (b) having a lower temperature toward the center and a higher temperature toward both the left and right sides is obtained, for example, the supply pipes (3b) and (3) at the center.
While the pressure (P1) of c) is 300 mmAq, the pressure (P2) of the supply pipes (3a) (3d) on both the left and right sides is 50 mm.
Supply of air of 0 mmAq is performed to achieve uniform temperature distribution.

In this embodiment, the air supply pipe (3
The branch pipes (12a) to (12a) are provided for each row of (a) to (3d).
d) and a configuration in which the pressure control valves (15a) to (15d) are connected to each other through the air supply pipes (13a) to (13d). As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, two central air supply pipes are provided. (3b) (3c) and two air supply pipes on both left and right sides (3a)
(3d) are shared, and two central supply pipes (3
b) (3c) and the two left and right supply pipes (3a) (3d) are connected to the respective branch pipes (12b) (12c) and (12a) (12).
d) through each single air duct (13A) (13B)
Are connected as one, and this blower tube (13A)
(13B) and two pressure control valves (1
5A) (15B), two feed pipes (13b) each
(13c) ・ (12a) (12d) blast pressure (P1)
(P2) may be configured to supply the same air.

Further, in this embodiment, pressure control valves (15a) to (15d) or flow control valves (16a) to four air blow pipes (13a) to (13d) are provided as shown in FIG.
Although the configuration in which (16d) is provided is shown, as shown in FIG. 14, the pressure control valve (15) is provided in each of the branch pipes (12a) to (12d).
a) to (15d) or the flow control valves (16a) to (16
d) may be provided to independently adjust the wind force (wind pressure) or the air volume of each of the supply pipes (3a) to (3d). Temperature distribution can be made more uniform.

In this embodiment, the air supply pipes (3a) to (3d) are arranged in multiple rows (4 rows) in the horizontal direction and in multiple rows (5 rows) in the vertical direction. However, as shown in FIG. 13, a number of air supply pipes (3g) (3h) (3i)
(3j) (3k)... (3n) are horizontally long in the left-right direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fermenter (2) and arranged in multiple rows in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter (2). Supply pipe (3g)
(3h) · (3i) (3j) ... (3n−1) (3n) as one set and each branch pipe (12g) (12h) · (12i)
(12j)... (12n-1) and (12n) are connected to the respective one air duct (13g) (13i) (13k) (13n), and each air duct (13g) (13i) (13k)
(13n) connected to a pressure control valve (15 g) (15
i) (15k) (15n) or flow control valve (16g)
(16i) (16k) (16n) by the supply pipe (3
g) to (3n) may be configured as a set to control the blowing air (blowing pressure) or the blowing amount.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15, branch pipes (12g) to (12g) to be connected to a single air supply pipe (13) of a number of air supply pipes (3g) to (3n) arranged horizontally long in the left-right direction.
(12n) and, as shown in FIG. 16, a plurality of corresponding air ducts (13g) (13h) (13i) (13j) to (1j).
3n), pressure control valves (15g) (15h) (15i)
(15j) (15k) to (15n) or flow control valves (16g) to (16n) are provided, and each supply pipe (3g) to
(3n) The wind force (wind pressure) or the air volume may be independently adjusted.

[0023]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an organic waste in a fermenter (2) by disposing a plurality of air supply pipes (3) at the bottom of the fermenter (2). In the composting treatment apparatus for forming a compost by fermenting (5), air supply means (1) for making the temperature distribution in the fermenter (2) uniform.
During the fermentation treatment of organic waste (5) in the fermenter (2), composting is promoted at a uniform fermentation temperature so that good quality fertilizer can be obtained. What you can get.

Further, since the temperature distribution of the air discharged from the air supply pipe (3) is adjusted to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter (2) uniform, the air pressure control valve ( 15a) to (15d), etc., using a simple constitution means, etc., to supply air of substantially uniform wind force (blast pressure) into the fermentation tank (2) to make the temperature distribution uniform and to easily obtain good quality fertilizer. Is what you can do.

Furthermore, since the temperature distribution in the fermenter (2) is made uniform by adjusting the amount of air blown from the air supply pipe (3), the air flow control valve (16a)
(16d), etc., by means of a simple constitution means, air with a substantially uniform air flow rate is supplied into the fermentation tank (2) to make the temperature distribution uniform, so that good quality fertilizer can be easily obtained. .

Further, a plurality of air supply pipes (3) are vertically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter (2) formed in a long shape, and the fermenter (2) is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
Since a plurality of air supply pipes (3) are arranged in multiple rows in the lateral direction so that the air supply can be independently controlled,
Eliminates non-uniform temperature distribution of organic waste (5) in the cross section of fermenter (2), keeps uniform temperature distribution easily and promotes good composting, good quality fertilizer Can be reliably obtained.

Further, based on the temperature sensors (18a) to (18d) provided at a plurality of locations in the fermenter (2), the discharge air of the air supply pipe (3) is controlled to control the temperature in the fermenter (2). Since the distribution is made uniform, the temperature distribution state in the fermenter (2) is accurately detected by each of the temperature sensors (18a) to (18d), and the wind and air are sent to the uniform temperature distribution state with high accuracy. It is possible to easily and accurately obtain high-quality fertilizer by controlling the air supply to the air supply.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fermenter.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of a fermenter.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view of the fermenter.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view of a fermenter.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a temperature distribution and air supply.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a temperature distribution and air supply.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory perspective view of an air supply pipe.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory sectional view of an air supply pipe.

FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of another air pipe.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of air supply.

FIG. 13 is another layout diagram of the air supply pipe.

FIG. 14 is another explanatory view of the arrangement of the control valve.

FIG. 15 is another explanatory view of the arrangement of the air supply pipe and the control valve.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of another arrangement of the air supply pipe and the control valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (2) Fermenter (3) Air supply (5) Organic waste (14) Blower (air supply means) (18a) to (18d) Temperature sensor

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Nakashita 1-12-1 Kinkodai, Kagoshima City Hoeisan Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2B052 AA03 AA27 4H061 AA03 CC36 CC38 CC47 GG10 GG14 GG49 GG67 GG70 LL02

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A composting treatment device for arranging a plurality of air supply pipes at the bottom of a fermenter to ferment organic waste in the fermenter to form a compost. A composting treatment device comprising an air supply means for making the air uniform. 2. The composting treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is provided so as to regulate the air blowing force of the air discharged from the air supply pipe to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter uniform. 3. The composting treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the air supply amount of the air discharged from the air supply pipe is adjusted so as to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter uniform. 4. A plurality of air supply pipes are vertically arranged along a longitudinal direction of a fermenter formed into a long shape, and a plurality of air supply pipes are arranged in a lateral direction of the fermenter perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. 4. The composting treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air supply is controlled in a row and independently of each other. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the air supply pipe is controlled to discharge air based on temperature sensors provided at a plurality of locations in the fermenter so as to make the temperature distribution in the fermenter uniform. 5. The composting treatment device according to any one of 1 to 2, 3 and 4.