JP7149177B2 - Intake/exhaust valve and drain pipe structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an intake/exhaust valve installed in a piping route to eliminate positive pressure and negative pressure inside the piping route, and a drain pipe structure.

BACKGROUND ART In general, drain pipes are installed in a drainage system for kitchen sinks, bathtubs, toilets, and the like installed in buildings to treat waste water. Such a drain system piping structure includes a drain pipe having a trap portion curved in an S-shape or a U-shape, and is configured to store water in the trap portion. The sealed water collected in the trap closes the inside of the drainpipe, preventing bad odors drifting from the downstream side of the drainpipe from leaking into the room, and also prevents the entry of pests crawling up from the downstream side of the drainpipe. . However, if a large amount of water flows through the drain pipe, the air pressure inside the drain pipe drops to negative pressure, and there is a risk that the sealed water in the trap portion will be sucked and flowed downstream. On the other hand, when a large amount of water is drained from the upper floors of an apartment building or building, or when a torrential downpour causes backflow from the sewage main, severe pressure fluctuations occur inside the drain pipe, causing the inside of the drain pipe to rise. The positive pressure is temporarily increased, and the sealed water in the trap portion is pushed out like an air gun, which may cause a foul odor to leak out or water to splash. In order to prevent the water seal from being broken in the trap portion, and to prevent the leakage of bad odors and the splashing of water, intake and exhaust valves are arranged downstream of the trap portion of the drain pipe. In other words, when the inside of the drain pipe becomes negative pressure, outside air is sucked into the drain pipe through the intake/exhaust valve to eliminate the negative pressure state of the drain pipe, thereby preventing the water sealing breakage of the trap portion and draining the water. When the pressure inside the pipe becomes positive, the air in the pipe is discharged to the outside through the intake and exhaust valve to eliminate the positive pressure state of the pipe, thereby preventing the leakage of odors and the splashing of water.

For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an intake/exhaust valve that prevents breakage of the sealing water of a drainage trap and splashing of sealing water caused by pressure rise and pressure drop occurring in a drainage pipe. In the following paragraphs, the reference numerals of Patent Document 1 are shown in parentheses. The intake/exhaust valve of Patent Document 1 includes an intake/exhaust valve body (10), an intake valve body (32), and an exhaust valve body (50). In the intake/exhaust valve, an annular intake port (19) having intake valve seats (13, 18) is provided on the outer peripheral side of the upper end of the pipe portion (14) of the intake/exhaust valve body (10). Further, an intake valve body (32) is provided for opening the intake port (19) away from the intake valve seats (13, 18) by the negative pressure of the drain pipe. Further, an exhaust port (28) having an exhaust valve seat (29) formed on the periphery opens above the upper end of the pipe portion (14) of the intake/exhaust valve body (10). An exhaust valve body (50) is provided for opening the exhaust port (28) away from the exhaust valve seat (29) by pressurization of the drain pipe. A covering body (55) for covering the exhaust valve body (50) is fitted to the fitting edge (12a) on the upper part of the exhaust valve body (50). An exhaust vent (57) that communicates with the outside air is opened in the cover (55).

JP-A-10-89514

However, in the intake/exhaust valve of Patent Document 1, when the positive pressure in the drainage pipeline is eliminated, the exhaust valve body is opened, and the air in the drainage pipeline flows through the exhaust port opened above the intake valve body. It is discharged inside the cover. All of the air discharged into the cover is discharged to the outside through the exhaust vent. The problem is that the air discharged to the outside is diffused into the atmosphere and spreads odor to a space such as a room where the air is discharged. On the other hand, in the intake/exhaust valve shown in FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1, an elbow pipe is connected to the exhaust port of the cover to guide the odor to the outside, thereby coping with the odor problem. However, the coping means of Patent Literature 1 does not fundamentally solve the problem of odor because it requires additional equipment and the like and only guides the odor to other places. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an intake/exhaust valve that reduces the amount of air discharged when the positive pressure in the piping route is eliminated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its object is to provide an intake and exhaust valve that can reduce the amount of air discharged from the inside of a piping route, and a drain pipe structure using the intake and exhaust valve. to do.

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 1 is a valve having a connection portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking in outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from the piping route. the main body;
an intake valve body that normally closes the intake port and opens the intake port when the pressure in the piping path changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that normally closes the exhaust port and opens the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping path changes to positive;
a cover body that is connected to the valve body, covers the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside, and forms an open port that is open to the outside air;
An intake channel extending from the open port to the intake port and an exhaust channel extending from the exhaust port to the open port are formed inside the cover body, and the intake channel and the exhaust channel are formed at least. It is characterized by partially overlapping.

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 2 is a valve having a connection portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking in outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from the piping route. the main body;
an intake valve body that normally closes the intake port and opens the intake port when the pressure in the piping path changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that normally closes the exhaust port and opens the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping path changes to positive;
a cover body that is connected to the valve body, covers the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside, and forms an open port that is open to the outside air;
The intake port and the exhaust port are characterized by communicating with the outside air through a common open port.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one aspect of the present invention is a valve having a connection portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking in outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from the piping route. the main body;
an intake valve body that normally closes the intake port and opens the intake port when the pressure in the piping path changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that normally closes the exhaust port and opens the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping path changes to positive;
a cover body that is connected to the valve body, covers the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside, and forms an open port that is open to the outside air;
An air reservoir space is formed between the cover body and the valve body to temporarily retain air from the internal space of the valve body, and the intake port and the exhaust port are formed in the internal space of the valve body. and the air reservoir space.

According to claim 3 , there is provided an intake/exhaust valve according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the intake port is arranged in the middle of an exhaust passage extending from the exhaust port to the open port. and

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an intake/exhaust valve according to the first or second aspect, wherein the exhaust port is arranged in the middle of an intake passage extending from the open port to the intake port. and

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the intake/exhaust valve according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the exhaust port is covered with the cover body so as not to be exposed to the outside. do.

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 6 is the intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the cover body has an air reservoir space for temporarily retaining air from the internal space of the valve body. The opening is formed in a gap between the valve main body and the cover body.

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 7 is the intake/exhaust valve according to claim 6 , wherein the valve body is a cylindrical body extending in the axial direction, and the intake port and the exhaust port are axially upward. open to
The cover portion includes a top wall portion that extends to cover the air intake port and the air discharge port from above in the axial direction, and a top wall portion that extends to surround the air intake port and the air discharge port from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. and a flange portion, and the opening is formed at a tip portion of the flange portion.

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 8 is the intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the intake valve body is configured to operate with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body. It is characterized by

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 9 is the intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , further comprising a connection mechanism for connecting the cover body to the valve body,
The connecting mechanism is
a connecting piece having a shaft portion projecting from the cover body toward the valve body, and a claw portion projecting from the shaft portion and elastically displaceable;
an accommodating portion formed at a predetermined position around the valve body and forming a space for accommodating the claw portion in a locked state;
A space continuously provided in the circumferential direction with respect to the accommodating portion, opened axially outward so as to allow axial movement of the claw portion, and for introducing the claw portion into the accommodating portion from the circumferential direction. forming an introduction;
formed in the valve body to restrict movement of the pawl in the axial direction and the circumferential direction when the pawl is arranged in the accommodating portion, and when the pawl is arranged in the introduction portion; a restricting portion that allows the claw portion to move from the introducing portion to the receiving portion;
a plurality of rails extending in the circumferential direction from the peripheral wall of the valve body and spaced apart from each other so as to form a gap at positions of the accommodating portion and the introducing portion;
The connecting piece is formed on the cover body so as to abut against the rail in the axial direction while the position of the connecting piece and the position of the introducing portion are displaced in the circumferential direction. and a guide portion that guides the connecting piece to the introduction portion.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the intake and exhaust valve according to the ninth aspect, wherein the restricting portion extends in the axial direction outside the accommodating portion in the circumferential direction, and the restricting portion is arranged in the accommodating portion. A horizontal restricting wall is provided for restricting axially outward movement of the claw portion, and the horizontal restricting wall is configured to allow the claw portion to move axially inward from the outer side of the accommodating portion. It is characterized by being

The drain pipe structure according to claim 11 ,
A drainage pipe having a tubular portion that forms a piping route inside and is open at one end;
and the intake and exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 10 connected to the tubular portion,
When the piping path continuously changes from a steady state to a positive pressure and a negative pressure, the exhaust valve body of the intake and exhaust valve opens the exhaust port according to the change from the steady state to the positive pressure to release the air. According to a change from pressure to negative pressure, the exhaust valve body closes the exhaust port and the intake valve body opens the intake port, allowing at least part of the air discharged from the exhaust port to flow into the piping path. characterized by inhaling with

In the intake/exhaust valve according to claim 1, the intake channel extending from the open port to the intake port and the exhaust channel extending from the exhaust port to the open port, which are formed inside the cover body, at least partially overlap each other. It is characterized by In particular, in a state in which the positive pressure and the negative pressure alternate finely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and the negative pressure can be continuously eliminated by alternately operating the exhaust valve body and the intake valve body. Due to the superimposition of the intake passage and the exhaust passage, the internal air (in the piping route) accompanied by odor discharged from the exhaust port at the time of positive pressure is released immediately after the positive pressure is released. Then, the air is returned to the inside of the piping route again through the air intake port that is opened. That is, in the intake/exhaust valve of the present invention, when the intake valve body operates to eliminate the negative pressure, the exhausted internal air remaining inside the cover body flows into the intake flow path together with the outside air flowing in from the open port. By sucking in from the air inlet along the line, the amount of odorous internal air exhausted can be effectively reduced.

The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 2 is characterized in that the intake port and the exhaust port communicate with the outside air through a common open port. In particular, in a state in which the positive pressure and the negative pressure alternate finely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and the negative pressure can be continuously eliminated by alternately operating the exhaust valve body and the intake valve body. Then, since the intake port and the exhaust port communicate with the outside air through a common open port, the internal air (in the piping route) accompanied by odor discharged from the exhaust port at the time of positive pressure has eliminated the positive pressure. Immediately after that, the intake valve body is actuated and the air is returned to the inside of the piping route again from the opened intake port. That is, in the intake/exhaust valve of the present invention, when the intake valve body operates to eliminate the negative pressure, before all the internal air is discharged from the common opening, the outside air flowing in from the common opening is By sucking the exhausted internal air remaining inside the cover body through the intake port, the amount of exhausted internal air accompanied by odor can be effectively reduced.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body and the air pool space inside the cover body. In particular, in a state in which the positive pressure and the negative pressure alternate finely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and the negative pressure can be continuously eliminated by alternately operating the exhaust valve body and the intake valve body. Since both the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body and the air reservoir space, the internal air (of the piping route) accompanied by the odor discharged from the exhaust port when the pressure is positive is returned to the inside of the piping route again from the intake port opened by the operation of the intake valve body immediately after the positive pressure is released. That is, in the intake/exhaust valve of the present invention, when the intake valve body operates to eliminate the negative pressure, at least part of the exhausted internal air remaining in the air pool space is mixed with the outside air flowing in from the open port. By being drawn in through the air inlet, the amount of odorous internal air exhausted can be effectively reduced.

According to the intake/exhaust valve of claim 3 , in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2 , the intake port is arranged in the middle of the exhaust passage extending from the exhaust port to the open port. Any internal air remaining in the flow path can be captured before it reaches the open port and effectively sucked into the piping path through the inlet port.

According to the intake/exhaust valve of claim 4 , in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2 , since the exhaust port is arranged in the middle of the intake flow path extending from the open port to the intake port, Internal air discharged from the mouth can be effectively sucked into the piping path along the suction flow path.

According to the intake/exhaust valve of claim 5 , in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 4 , the exhaust port is covered with a cover body so as not to be exposed to the outside. It is possible to allow the internal air discharged from the cover body to stay for a longer time inside the cover body without being released to the outside immediately.

According to the intake/exhaust valve described in claim 6 , in addition to the effects of any one of claims 1 to 5 , the cover body has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped cover part. An air reservoir space can be effectively formed inside, and outside air can be effectively taken in from an opening formed in a gap between the cover body and the valve body.

According to the intake/exhaust valve of claim 7 , in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 6 , an air reservoir space is formed between the top wall portion and the intake port and the exhaust port of the valve body, and To prevent the discharged internal air from diverging upward in the axial direction. In addition, since the flange portion surrounds the intake port and the exhaust port in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and an opening is formed at the tip of the flange portion, the internal air discharged from the piping route can be discharged. It can be bent to allow the internal air to stay longer without immediately venting to the outside.

According to the intake/exhaust valve of claim 8 , in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 7 , the intake valve body operates with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body, so that the exhaust valve body It is possible to relatively increase the frequency of opening the intake valve element after the opening of the intake valve body, thereby increasing the probability of sucking in the internal air discharged from the exhaust port.

According to the ninth aspect of the intake/exhaust valve, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to eighth aspects of the invention, the connection mechanism includes guide means (a guide portion and a The connecting piece is guided to the introducing portion by the rail), and the pawl portion of the connecting piece arranged in the introducing portion moves circumferentially into the accommodating portion via the restricting portion (allowing movement from the introducing portion to the accommodating portion). The claw portion is arranged in the accommodating portion in a locked state by the restricting portion, and as a result, the cover body can be assembled to the valve body. In other words, the connecting mechanism can be attached to the valve body only by the operator rotating the cover, thereby greatly improving the work efficiency in attaching and detaching the cover.

According to the intake/exhaust valve of claim 10 , in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 9 , when the position of the claw portion of the cover body and the position of the horizontal regulating wall (accommodating portion) are aligned from the axial direction, The cover body can be assembled to the valve body simply by pressing the cover body downward in the axial direction toward the valve body. In other words, the connection mechanism of the present invention allows selection of the assembling method depending on the situation.

According to the drain pipe structure of claim 11 , the effect of any one of claims 1 to 10 can be exhibited as a drain pipe structure. In particular, in a state in which the positive pressure and the negative pressure alternate finely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and the negative pressure can be continuously eliminated by alternately operating the exhaust valve body and the intake valve body. Then, the internal air (in the piping route) accompanied by odor discharged from the exhaust port when the positive pressure is released is re-introduced into the piping route through the intake port that was opened by the intake valve body immediately after the positive pressure was released. returned. That is, in the drain pipe structure of the present invention, the intake valve body operates to eliminate the negative pressure immediately after the internal air is discharged from the exhaust port, and at least part of the internal air discharged from the exhaust port is released into the open port. It is possible to effectively reduce the amount of odorous internal air exhausted by being sucked into the piping path through the air intake port together with the outside air flowing in from the air inlet.

1(a) is a perspective view from above and (b) is a perspective view from below of an intake/exhaust valve according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. (a) A plan view, (b) a front view, (c) a side view and (d) a bottom view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. AA cross-sectional view of the intake and exhaust valve of FIG. BB sectional view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. CC sectional view of the intake and exhaust valve of FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cover body of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 6; FIG. (a) Bottom view and (b) DD sectional view of the cover body of FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of each stage (a) to (d) in the connecting operation of the connecting mechanism in the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 1; Schematic diagrams showing the morphology of each cross section (E1-E1 to E5-E5 cross sections) of FIGS. 9(a) to (d). 4A and 4B are schematic cross-sectional views showing steps (a) and (b) in the second connection operation of the connection mechanism in the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 1; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The schematic exploded perspective view of the drainage pipe structure of one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the exhaust valve body is actuated so as to eliminate the positive pressure inside the pipe path in the drain pipe structure of FIG. 12 ; FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the intake valve body operates so as to eliminate the negative pressure inside the pipe path in the drain pipe structure of FIG. 12 ; (a) A perspective view from above and (b) a perspective view from below of an intake/exhaust valve of another embodiment (second embodiment) according to the present invention. (a) Plan view, (b) front view, (c) side view and (d) bottom view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the intake/exhaust valve shown in FIG. 16; FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the exhaust valve body operates so as to eliminate the positive pressure inside the piping path in the drain pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 15 are installed; FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the intake valve body operates so as to eliminate the negative pressure inside the piping path in the drainage pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 15 are installed; (a) A perspective view from above and (b) a perspective view from below of an intake/exhaust valve of another embodiment (third embodiment) according to the present invention. (a) A plan view, (b) a front view, (c) a side view and (d) a bottom view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. GG sectional view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the exhaust valve body operates so as to eliminate the positive pressure inside the piping path in the drain pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 20 are installed; FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the intake valve body operates so as to eliminate the negative pressure inside the piping path in the drainage pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 20 are installed; 1 is a schematic diagram exemplifying a drainage system in which an intake/exhaust valve of the present invention can be installed; FIG. FIG. 26 is a graph showing the time transition of the pressure inside the piping route observed at a predetermined point in the drainage system of FIG. 25;

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the shapes in the drawings referred to in the following description are conceptual diagrams or schematic diagrams for explaining preferred shapes and dimensions, and the dimensional ratios and the like do not necessarily match the actual dimensional ratios. That is, the present invention is not limited to the dimensional ratios in the drawings. Further, the up, down, left, and right directions in the present invention are merely concepts indicating relative positions, and needless to say, these can be interchanged and applied.

The intake/exhaust valve 100 of one embodiment of the present embodiment is installed in a part of the piping route of the piping structure (the drain pipe structure in this embodiment), and is arranged to eliminate positive pressure and negative pressure in the piping route. Function. The configuration of the intake/exhaust valve 100 of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1(a) and 1(b) are perspective views of an intake/exhaust valve 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention. 2(a) to (c) are a plan view, a front view and a bottom view of the intake/exhaust valve 100. FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the intake/exhaust valve 100 taken along the line AA. 4 and 5 are cross sectional views taken along line BB and line CC along the radial direction of the intake/exhaust valve 100, respectively. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the intake/exhaust valve 100. FIG.

The intake/exhaust valve 100 includes a valve body 110 connected to a piping path, an intake valve body 120 operating to eliminate negative pressure inside the valve body 110, and a positive pressure inside the valve body 110. and a cover body 140 attached to the valve body 110 to cover and protect the intake valve body 120 and the exhaust valve body 130 .

The valve body 110 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends opened and extending along the axial direction. The valve body 110 includes a peripheral wall 111 that axially surrounds the inner space, and an upper wall 112 that extends radially inward from the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 111 .

The upper portion of the peripheral wall 111 is formed to have a relatively large diameter so as to surround the intake valve body 120, which is driven in the inner space toward the deep side in the axial direction, over its driving range. On the other hand, the lower portion of peripheral wall 111 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the upper portion of peripheral wall 111 . A connecting portion 119 for connecting to the tubular portion 13 (see FIG. 12) of the drain pipe structure 10 is provided at the lower portion of the peripheral wall 111 . The connecting portion 119 has a uniform cylindrical shape with a diameter smaller than that of the upper portion of the peripheral wall 111 in accordance with the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 13 . The connection portion 119 has a connection opening that opens downward in the axial direction, and the internal space of the valve body 110 communicates with the piping route through the connection opening.

The upper wall 112 extends to close the inner space from above in the axial direction, and has an outer surface facing the outside air and an inner surface facing the inner space. The inner and outer surfaces of top wall 112 function as valve seats for receiving intake valve body 120 and exhaust valve body 130, respectively. The upper wall 112 is provided with an intake port 113 and an exhaust port 114 that communicate the inside and outside of the valve body 110 . The intake port 113 is a circular opening formed in the radial center of the upper wall 112 . The intake port 113 is opened upward in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, an annular packing 115 made of rubber is arranged around the periphery of the intake port 113 on the lower surface side of the upper wall 112 . A valve seat surface for the intake valve body 120 is defined on the lower surface of the annular packing 115 . The intake port 113 is constantly closed by the intake valve body 120 . The intake port 113 is opened according to the operation of the intake valve body 120 , and air is drawn into the internal space from the outside of the valve body 110 through the intake port 113 . On the other hand, the exhaust port 114 is an annular opening formed radially outward of the intake port 113, as shown in FIG. The exhaust port 114 is open axially upward. The exhaust port 114 is divided into a plurality of openings by radially extending beams. A valve seat surface for the exhaust valve element 130 is defined on the upper surface of the inner and outer peripheral edges of the exhaust port 114 . The exhaust port 114 is constantly closed by an exhaust valve body 130 . The exhaust port 114 is opened according to the operation of the exhaust valve body 130 , and air is discharged from the internal space of the valve body 110 to the outside through the exhaust port 114 .

A body-side magnet holding portion 116 for holding the body-side magnet M1 is provided at substantially the center of the upper wall 112 in the radial direction. The body-side magnet holding portion 116 holds the body-side magnet M1 by means of three beam-shaped portions extending radially from the inner peripheral surface of the upper wall 112 surrounding the intake port 113 . A shaft holding portion is provided at the radial center of the body-side magnet holding portion 116 so as to pass through vertically and to allow the valve shaft 122 of the intake valve body 120 to be slidably inserted therein. In other words, the shaft holding portion has a shaft hole. In the body-side magnet holding portion 116, an annular body-side magnet M1 is held by fitting into a groove around the shaft holding portion. The body-side magnet M1 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet, and functions to exert a repulsive force on a valve-side magnet M2 and an intermediate magnet M3, which will be described later.

Furthermore, an annular ridge is formed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the upper wall 112 . Between the annular ridge and the peripheral wall 111, a body-side mesh sheet attachment portion 117 is formed for attaching a tubular mesh sheet (not shown). The body-side mesh sheet attachment portion 117 forms a circular or arcuate groove that opens upward in the axial direction. The main body side mesh sheet attachment portion 117 functions to hold the mesh sheet in cooperation with the cover body side mesh sheet attachment portion 145 of the cover body 140, as will be described later. The mesh sheet prevents insects from entering the intake/exhaust valve 100 from the outside.

A connecting portion 118 that is a part of a connecting mechanism for lockingly connecting the cover body 140 to the valve main body 110 is provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall 111 . The connecting portion 118 has a plurality (three in this embodiment) of rails 118a that partially protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the peripheral wall 111 . The number of rails 118a corresponds to the number of connecting pieces 142 of cover body 140, which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 4, the rails 118a are circular arc pieces extending in the circumferential direction with a predetermined length, and are arranged at predetermined intervals with gaps therebetween. Moreover, the rail 118a extends in an arc shape at a position separated from the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 111 by a beam. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, at one end of the rail 118a in the circumferential direction, a vertical restriction wall 118b extending vertically downward in the axial direction from the rail 118a is formed so as to face the adjacent gap. there is Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the vertical restriction wall 118b is connected to a horizontal restriction wall 111c extending in a short length in the circumferential direction from the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 111. As shown in FIG. The upper surface of the horizontal regulation wall 111c is positioned at the same height as the upper surface of the rail 118a. Further, the outer edge of the upper surface of the horizontal regulation wall 111c is chamfered to form an inclined surface or a rounded surface. A regulating claw 118d is formed at the tip of the horizontal regulating wall 111c (the opposite end of the vertical regulating wall 111b). The restricting claw 118d extends axially downward from the horizontal restricting wall 111c. The restricting claw 118d has an inclined surface on the distal end side in the circumferential direction and a vertical surface on the opposite side. In the gap between the adjacent rails 118a, an introduction portion 118e for introducing a connecting piece 142 of the cover body 140, which will be described later, is formed on the tip side of the regulation claw 118d (the side separated from the vertical regulation wall 118b in the circumferential direction), A housing portion 118f for housing the connecting piece 142 in a locked state is formed between the regulating claw 118d and the vertical regulating wall 111b (on the side adjacent to the vertical regulating wall 118b in the circumferential direction) (see FIG. 9, etc.). The connecting mechanism will be detailed later together with the description of the cover body 140 .

The intake valve body 120 is housed in an internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 111 and supported by the valve body 110 so as to move along the axial direction so as to open and close the intake port 113 . That is, the intake valve body 120 normally closes the intake port 113 and opens the intake port 113 when the internal space (pipe path) of the valve body 110 changes to negative pressure.

More specifically, the intake valve body 120 includes a closing portion 121 formed in a circular cup shape in a plan view, a valve shaft 122 extending upward from the center of the closing portion 121, and an upper end of the valve shaft 122. and a valve-side magnet holding portion 123 . A valve-side contact surface is formed on the upper surface of the closing portion 121 on the outer peripheral side. As shown in FIG. 3, the valve-side abutment surface, in a cross-sectional view cut along the radial direction, extends straight with an inclination such that the outer peripheral side is downward with respect to the axial direction. direction outward and axial direction upward). That is, the valve-side contact surface faces the valve seat surface of the valve body 110 (the lower surface of the annular packing 115).

As shown in FIG. 3 , the valve shaft 122 is arranged on the central axis of the intake port 113 and passes through the shaft hole of the shaft holding portion of the body-side magnet holding portion 116 of the valve body 110 . At the upper end of the valve shaft 122, a valve-side magnet holding portion 123 is provided above the body-side magnet holding portion 116 and has a diameter larger than the hole diameter of the shaft holding portion. The valve-side magnet holding part 123 has a screw hole in the center and is screwed to the upper end of the valve shaft 122 through the screw hole. In the valve-side magnet holding portion 123, an annular valve-side magnet M2 is fitted and held in an annular groove around the screw hole. That is, the valve-side magnet M2 is fixed to the tip of the valve shaft 122 . The valve-side magnet M2 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet. Further, an intermediate magnet holder 124 is fitted over the valve shaft 122 . The intermediate magnet holder 124 has a shaft hole into which the valve shaft 122 is inserted, and is freely movable along the axial direction with respect to the valve shaft 122 through the shaft hole. In the intermediate magnet holder 124, an annular intermediate magnet M3 is fitted and held in an annular groove around the shaft hole. The intermediate magnet M3 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet.

The intake valve body 120 of this embodiment opens and closes the intake port 113 by the magnetic force of the magnets M1, M2, and M3. Specifically, the body-side magnet M1 and the intermediate magnet M3 are arranged such that the same magnetic poles face each other so as to repel each other. Due to the repulsive force between the body-side magnet M1 and the intermediate magnet M3, the body-side magnet M1 urges the intermediate magnet M3 to float upward in the axial direction. Similarly, the intermediate magnet M3 and the valve-side magnet M2 are arranged so that magnetic poles of the same polarity face each other so as to repel each other. Due to the repulsive force between the intermediate magnet M3 and the valve-side magnet M2, the intermediate magnet M3 urges the valve-side magnet M2 to float upward in the axial direction. The repulsive forces among these magnets M1, M2, and M3 cooperate to urge the intake valve body 120 to the closed position, and the valve-side contact surface of the closing portion 121 is pressed against the valve seat surface around the intake port 113. , the intake valve body 120 steadily closes the intake port 113 . On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 110 becomes negative pressure, if a downward force exceeding the magnetic force is applied to the intake valve body 120, the intake valve body 120 moves downward along the axial direction. As a result, the valve-side contact surface is separated from the valve seat surface, and the intake port 113 is opened (see FIG. 14). At this time, since the valve shaft 122 moves through the shaft hole of the shaft holding portion, the movement of the intake valve body 120 in the axial direction is stably guided by the body side magnet holding portion 116 . When outside air is drawn into the internal space of the valve body 110 through the intake port 113 and the pressure in the internal space rises, the intake valve body 120 returns to its original closed position due to the magnetic repulsion between the magnets.

The exhaust valve element 130 is fixed to the upper wall 112 so as to cover the annular exhaust port 114 from above (outside the valve body 110). That is, the exhaust valve body 130 operates to steadily close the exhaust port 114 and open the exhaust port 114 when the internal space (pipe path) of the valve body 110 changes to positive pressure.

More specifically, the exhaust valve body 130 consists of an elastically deformable annular elastic sheet. The exhaust valve body 130 comprises a band-like closing portion 131 having a width covering the annular exhaust port 114 . A fixed end portion 132 embedded and fixed inside the upper wall 112 is formed on the inner peripheral edge of the band-shaped closing portion 131 . That is, the exhaust valve body 130 is supported by the valve main body 110 so as to have a free end on the outer peripheral edge side of the band-like closing portion 131 . The exhaust valve body 130 has a valve-side contact surface on the lower surface near the outer peripheral edge of the band-shaped closing portion 131 . The exhaust valve body 130 steadily closes the exhaust port 114 by the valve-side contact surface of the band-shaped closing portion 131 coming into contact with the valve seat surface on the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the exhaust port 114 . On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 110 has a positive pressure, an upward (outward) force acts on the belt-shaped closing portion 131 of the exhaust valve body 130 . When this force exceeds the force that elastically maintains the original shape, the exhaust valve body 130 is elastically deformed, the free end of the band-shaped closing portion 131 is turned up, and the valve-side contact surface is separated from the valve seat surface, thereby releasing the exhaust gas. Mouth 114 is opened (see FIG. 13). When air is expelled from the exhaust port 114 and the pressure in the internal space of the valve body 110 is reduced, the exhaust valve body 130 is elastically restored to its original closed position. In this embodiment, the exhaust valve body 130 is configured to be less responsive to pressure fluctuations than the intake valve body 120 using magnetic force.

As shown in FIG. 6, the valve body 110 is axially divided into an upper split body 110-1, an intermediate split body 110-2 and a lower split body 110-3 so as to support the intake valve body 120 and the exhaust valve body . Combined with A portion of the upper wall 112, an upper portion of the intake port 113, and the main body side magnet holding portion 116 are provided in the upper divided body 110-1. A portion of the upper wall 112, the lower portion of the intake port 113, and the exhaust port 114 are provided in the intermediate divided body 110-2. A peripheral wall 111, a connecting portion 118, and a connecting portion 119 are provided in the lower divided body 110-3. The upper split body 110-1 and the intermediate split body 110-2 are integrally fixed so that the fixed end portion 132 of the outer peripheral edge of the exhaust valve body 130 is sandwiched between the members. The valve shaft 122 of the intake valve body 120 is inserted through the shaft holding portion from below in the axial direction of the first assembly of the upper split body 110-1 and the intermediate split body 110-2. The intake valve body 120 is supported by the first assembly by externally inserting the intermediate magnet holder 124 onto the valve shaft 122 and screwing the valve-side magnet holder 123 onto the tip of the valve shaft 122 . By connecting the first assembly to the lower split body 110-3, the second assembly of the upper split body 110-1, the intermediate split body 110-2 and the lower split body 110-3 is formed into two types of valve bodies. A valve body 110 is constructed to operatively support 120,130. The intake/exhaust valve 100 is constructed by detachably attaching the cover body 140 to the valve body 110 .

As shown in FIG. 3, the cover body 140 covers the valve body 110 from above in order to protect the inside of the valve body 110, the intake valve body 120, and the exhaust valve body 130 from dust. That is, the cover body 140 is connected to the valve body 110 to cover the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from the outside, and forms the open port 101 open to the outside air.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cover body 140. FIG. 8A and 8B are a bottom view and a longitudinal sectional view of the cover body 140. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cover body 140 has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped cover portion 141 . The cover portion 141 includes a top wall portion 141a that extends to cover the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from above in the axial direction, and a top wall portion 141a that extends to surround the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. and an existing flange portion 141b. When the cover body 140 is attached to the valve body 110, the opening 101 is formed at the tip of the flange portion 141b.

A cover body side mesh sheet attachment portion 145 extending in an arc shape is provided on the inner surface of the cover portion 141 . The cover body side mesh sheet attachment portion 145 corresponds to the main body side mesh sheet attachment portion 117 described above, and forms a groove opening downward in the axial direction. The grooves of the cover body side mesh sheet attachment portion 145 and the main body side mesh sheet attachment portion 117 face each other, and when the cover body 140 is attached to the valve body 110, the mesh sheet is held between them in a cylindrical shape. is possible.

Furthermore, a connecting piece 142 for detachably connecting to the valve body 110 is provided on the inner surface of the cover body 140 . In this embodiment, three connecting pieces 142 are formed. As shown in FIG. 8(b), the connecting piece 142 includes a shaft portion 142a extending in a flat plate shape from the inner surface of the top wall portion 141a along the inner wall of the flange portion 141b, and an elastic shaft portion 142a protruding radially inward at the tip of the shaft portion 142a. It has a displaceable claw portion 142b. The claw portion 142b of the connecting piece 142 extends in the circumferential direction, has an inclined surface on its lower surface, and has an engaging surface on its upper surface perpendicular to the shaft portion 142a (extending in the horizontal direction). Furthermore, a guide stepped portion (guide portion) 143 is formed on the radially outer side of each connecting piece 142 . The guide stepped portion 143 is formed on a rectangular raised lower surface that rises from the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 141b. The guide step 143 forms a guide surface directed downward in the axial direction. Further, on the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 141 b , an engagement stepped portion 144 is provided at a position adjacent to the guide stepped portion 143 in the circumferential direction and retracted axially above the guide surface of the guide stepped portion 143 . The engaging stepped portion 144 extends horizontally along the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 141b and forms an engaging surface directed downward in the axial direction. The guide stepped portion 143 and the engaging stepped portion 144 engage with the rail 118a of the valve body 110 from above in the axial direction, and are configured to be slidable in the circumferential direction on the upper surface of the rail 118a. Each element described here constitutes a part of the coupling mechanism.

Next, a connecting mechanism for connecting the valve main body 110 and the cover body 140 will be described. In the connection mechanism of the present embodiment, when attaching the cover body 140 to the valve body 110, the cover body 140 can be attached to the valve body 110 simply by placing the cover body 140 on the upper surface of the valve body 110 and rotating it in one direction. can be attached in a lock-type manner. 9 and 10 show the form of the connecting mechanism in each process when mounting the valve body 110 and the cover body 140. FIG.

Specifically, a guide surface on which the guide stepped portion 143 of the cover body 140 can be placed is formed on the upper surface of the rail 118a of the valve body 110 . As shown in FIGS. 9A and 10A, when the cover 140 is placed on the valve body 110 and the connecting piece 142 of the cover 140 is displaced from the introduction portion 118e, , the guide step portion 143 is placed on the rail 118a. Here, a vent communicating with the opening 101 is formed between the rail 118a and the outer surface of the peripheral wall 111 of the valve body 110 . When the cover body 140 is rotated in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 9) with respect to the valve main body 110, the lower surface of the guide stepped portion 143 slides on the upper surface of the rail 118a, thereby A strip 142 is led to the lead-in 118e located in the gap between the rails 118a. That is, the introduction portion 118e is opened axially upward (outside) so as to allow axial movement of the claw portion 142b, and forms a space for introducing the claw portion 142b from the circumferential direction into the accommodation portion 118f. Needless to say, the connecting piece 142 may be arranged directly on the introduction portion 118e without placing the guide stepped portion 143 on the rail 118a.

As shown in FIG. 9B, when the connecting piece 142 moves to the introduction portion 118e, the guide stepped portion 143 drops from the rail 118a, and the cover body 140 descends axially downward step by step. Then, as shown in FIG. 10(b), the engaging stepped portion 144 located above the guide stepped portion 143 in the axial direction engages with the rail 118a, and the cover body 140 is placed on the valve body 110 at a predetermined height. be supported or rested; As shown in FIG. 10(c), in the introduction portion 118e, the upper portion of the connecting piece 142 in the axial direction is open, so that the cover body 140 can be removed from the valve body 110 in the upward axial direction. In addition, in the introduction portion 118e, the position of the claw portion 142b of the connecting piece 142 is located axially below the horizontal regulation wall 118c and is a position that can be engaged with the vertical regulation wall 118b and the regulation claw 118d from the circumferential direction. are placed in

When the cover body 140 is further rotated in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 9) with respect to the valve body 110 from the state of FIG. 9(b), as shown in FIGS. 9(c) and 10(d), The shaft portion 142a of the connecting piece 142 is elastically deformed radially outward, and the claw portion 142b rides on the inclined surface of the restricting claw 118d. The connecting piece 142 is housed in the receiving portion 118f from the introducing portion 118e by the claw portion 142b getting over the restricting claw 118d in the circumferential direction. The regulating claw 118d allows movement of the claw portion 142b in one direction (movement from the introduction portion 118e to the receiving portion 118f), but restricts movement in the other direction (movement from the receiving portion 118f to the introduction portion 118e). function.

Alternatively, the claw portion 142b of the connecting piece 142 can move axially from the outside to the inside of the accommodating portion 118f to enter the accommodating portion 118f without passing through the introduction portion 118e. As shown in FIG. 11( a ), the connecting piece 142 is arranged above the accommodating portion 118 f , and the cover body 140 is pushed downward (inward) in the axial direction with respect to the valve body 110 . As shown in FIG. 11(b), the inclined surface of the claw portion 142b directed radially inward and axially downward contacts the inclined surface or R surface of the horizontal regulation wall 118c, while the horizontal regulation wall 118c is pushed radially outward. The connecting piece 142 can be elastically deformed so as to ride over from. That is, the horizontal regulating wall 118c guides the elastic displacement of the claw portion 142b radially outward with its inclined surface or R surface, and the claw portion 142b moves axially inward from the outside of the housing portion 118f. allow.

As shown in FIGS. 9(d) and 10(e), the shaft portion 142a of the connecting piece 142 elastically returns to its original shape, and the claw portion 142b is radially wider than the outer surface (outermost projecting surface) of the restricting claw 118d. placed inside. In addition, in the accommodating portion 118f, the claw portion 142b is arranged axially below the horizontal restriction wall 118c, and the engaging surface of the claw portion 142b can be engaged with the lower surface of the vertical restriction wall 118b. That is, the claw portion 142b is axially engaged with the vertical regulating wall 118b, thereby regulating the axial upward separation of the cover body 140 from the valve body 110. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, the cover body 140 is supported at a predetermined mounting height by engagement between the lower surface of the engagement stepped portion 144 of the cover body 140 and the upper surface of the rail 118a of the valve body 110, and the cover body 140 is axially aligned with the valve body 110. Downward movement is also restricted.

Further, in the accommodation portion 118f, the claw portion 142b is arranged between the vertical regulation wall 118b and the regulation claw 118d in the circumferential direction. The vertical regulating wall 118b extends in the axial direction on the far side of the housing portion 118f and can be engaged with the side end face of the claw portion 142b from the circumferential direction. That is, the vertical regulating wall 118b can lock the claw portion 142b that moves in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 9). On the other hand, the restricting pawl 118d extends in the axial direction at the boundary between the introduction portion 118e and the accommodation portion 118f, and can be engaged with the side end surface of the pawl portion 142b from the introduction portion 118e side in the circumferential direction. That is, the vertical surface of the restricting claw 118d locks the claw portion 142b moving in the other direction (clockwise in FIG. 9). That is, movement of the connecting piece 142 in both circumferential directions is restricted in the accommodation portion 118f.

That is, the accommodating portion 118f is formed at a predetermined connecting (locking) position around the valve body 110 to form a space for accommodating the claw portion 142b in a locked state. In addition, the vertical regulation wall 118b, the horizontal regulation wall 118c, and the regulation claw 118d cooperatively function as a regulation portion that regulates axial and circumferential movement of the claw portion 142b arranged in the housing portion 118f. The cover body 140 is connected to the valve main body 110 in a locking manner by housing the connecting piece 142 in the housing portion 118f.

On the other hand, in order to remove the cover body 140 from the valve main body 110, the connecting piece 142 is elastically deformed radially outward with a tool or the like to rotate the cover body 140 in the other direction (clockwise in FIG. 9). The lock can be released by moving the connecting piece 142 from the accommodating portion 118f to the introducing portion 118e. Alternatively, the lock can also be released by elastically deforming the connecting piece 142 radially outward with a tool or the like and pulling out the cover body 140 axially upward so that the claw portion 142b climbs over the horizontal restricting wall 118c. can be done.

Therefore, the connecting mechanism can be connected to the valve main body 110 simply by an operator rotating the cover body 140 in one direction by the guide means (the guide step portion 143 and the rail 118a) that guides the connecting piece 142 to a predetermined connecting position. This makes it possible to attach the cover body 140 and greatly improves the work efficiency in attaching and detaching the cover body 140 . In particular, according to the connection mechanism of the present embodiment, when the cover body 140 is held by hand and assembled to the valve body 110, the hand or the cover body 140 itself becomes an obstacle, or due to work posture or surrounding environment factors, Even if the positional relationship between the claw portion 142b and the housing portion 118f cannot be visually confirmed, the cover body 140 can be assembled to the valve body 110 only by the touch of the hand by placing and rotating the cover body 140. . Alternatively, the positions of the claw portions 142b and the housing portion 118f of the cover body 140 can be visually recognized from below the cover body 140, or the cover body 140 is transparent so that the claw portions 142b and the housing portion 118f can be visually observed. In such a case, the cover body 140 can be moved to the valve body 110 simply by pressing the cover body 140 downward in the axial direction toward the valve body 110 with the positions of the horizontal restricting wall 118c and the pawl portion 142b aligned (facing each other). can be assembled into That is, the connection mechanism of this embodiment can also select the assembly method according to the situation.

Based on the above description of each component, the intake/exhaust valve 100 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3 again.

As shown in FIG. 3, in a steady state (a normal pressure state that is lower than a predetermined positive pressure at which the valve body operates and higher than a negative pressure pressure), the intake port 113 opened at the center in the radial direction is pushed by the intake valve body 120. An exhaust port 114 which is closed and has an annular opening on its outside is closed by an exhaust valve body 130 . When the internal space of the valve body 110 (the space on the piping path side of the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114) becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 120 is pushed down to suck outside air from the intake port 113 to eliminate the negative pressure. be. At this time, the exhaust valve body 130 keeps the exhaust port 114 closed. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve main body 110 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 130 bends and deforms, and the air in the internal space is discharged from the exhaust port 114 to eliminate the positive pressure. At this time, the intake valve body 120 keeps closing the intake port 113 . In this embodiment, the intake valve body 120 is configured to operate with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body 130 in order to reduce the frequency of exhaust with respect to intake, so the initial action is faster than the exhaust valve body 130.

A cover portion 141 of the cover body 140 covers the upper surface of the valve body 110 in a dome shape or a roof shape so that the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 are not exposed to the outside. In particular, the top wall portion 141a covers the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from above in the axial direction, and the flange portion 141b covers the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. In other words, the covering portion 141 forms a covering space inside which closes the upper surface of the valve body 110 from above in the axial direction. An opening 101 is formed at the lower end of the flange portion 141b. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 3 , only the inner surfaces of the peripheral wall 111 of the valve body 110 and the cover portion 141 of the cover body 140 are exposed to the outside through the opening 101 . Since the inside and outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100 are ventilated only through the open port 101 , the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 communicate with the outside air through the common open port 101 . In this embodiment, the exhaust port 114 is arranged closer to the opening 101 than the intake port 113 .

Inside the cover body 140, as shown in FIG. Note that the intake flow path 102 and the exhaust flow path 103 represent the substantially shortest paths from the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 to the open port 101, respectively, and intake and exhaust do not necessarily occur along these flow paths. do not have. The air intake passage 102 passes through the annular passage between the flange portion 141 b and the peripheral wall 111 from the open port 101 and reaches the air intake port 113 through the covered space inside the cover portion 141 . The exhaust flow path 103 extends from the exhaust port 114 through the covered space inside the cover portion 141 , through an annular passage between the flange portion 141 b and the peripheral wall 111 , and reaches the open port 101 . That is, the intake channel 102 and the exhaust channel 103 partially overlap. An exhaust port 114 is arranged in the middle of the intake passage 102 extending from the open port 101 to the intake port 113 .

Between the upper wall 112 of the valve main body 110 and the cover portion 141 of the cover body 140, an air reservoir space 105 is formed in which air from the internal space of the valve main body 110 is temporarily retained. An intake port 113 and an exhaust port 114 are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body 110 and the air reservoir space 105 . Since the open port 101 is located away from the opening direction of the exhaust port 114 and the exhaust flow path 103 is non-linear, the air is not immediately diffused to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100, and the inside of the cover portion 141 is effective. It is possible to keep In addition, since the intake port 113 is open toward the central portion of the air reservoir space 105 (that is, the radial central region of the cover portion 141), air is discharged through the intake port 113 during the negative pressure elimination operation. , the air accumulated in the air reservoir space 105 can be efficiently sucked into the internal space of the valve body 110 .

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing the drain pipe structure 10 in which the intake/exhaust valve 100 of this embodiment is installed in the pipe route. As shown in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, two drain pipes 11 are connected via drain pipe joints 12 branched in three directions. The drain pipe joint 12 has three connection ports, two connection ports of which are connected to two drain pipes 11, and one connection port is open upward. That is, the drain pipe joint 12 is provided with a cylindrical portion 13 that is open to the outside and extends in the axial direction so as to form a communication passage that communicates with the inside and outside of the piping material (drain pipe 11 or drainage system). An intake/exhaust valve 100 is attached to the hollow cylindrical portion 13 so as to selectively close the communication passage. In the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, the intake/exhaust valve 100 is installed such that its axial direction is along the vertical direction.

Next, operation of the intake/exhaust valve 100 in the drain pipe structure 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. FIG. The pressure of the drain pipe structure 10 frequently fluctuates between positive pressure and negative pressure according to events such as water being flushed in equipment (bathroom, toilet, etc.) upstream of the pipe path.

FIG. 13 shows a configuration in which the piping path of the drain pipe structure 10 is under positive pressure and the exhaust valve body 130 of the intake/exhaust valve 100 is operated to eliminate the positive pressure. As shown in FIG. 13, when the piping path of the drain pipe structure 10 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 130 is pushed by the internal pressure and tilts upward, and the exhaust port 114 is opened. Then, the compressed air in the internal space of the valve body 110 is discharged to the outside of the valve body 110 through the opened exhaust port 114 . This release continues until the pressure in the interior space drops and the exhaust valve body 130 returns to the closed position. The exhaust flow travels from the exhaust port 114 toward the open port 101 along the exhaust flow path 103 shown in FIG. In particular, the odorous air in the piping path of the drain structure 10 contains gases lighter than air, such as methane and ammonia. Therefore, the odor-laden air discharged from the piping route tends to rise in the vertical direction, and the cover portion that closes the upper surface of the valve body 110 before going to the opening 101 that opens vertically downward. 141 and is presumed to be accumulated in the air reservoir space 104 . At least, when the air reservoir space 104 is filled with exhaust air, the air is discharged to the outside from the opening 101 .

FIG. 14 shows a configuration in which the piping path of the drain pipe structure 10 is under negative pressure and the intake valve body 120 of the intake/exhaust valve 100 is operated to eliminate the negative pressure. The form of FIG. 14 assumes that the piping route becomes negative pressure immediately after the positive pressure is released. As shown in FIG. 14, when the pipe path of the drain pipe structure 10 becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 120 moves downward, and the intake port 113 is opened. Air is sucked into the internal space of the valve body 110 through the opened intake port 113 . This intake continues until the pressure in the internal space rises and the intake valve body 120 returns to the closed position. The intake flow takes in air from the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100 from the opening 101 to the intake port 113 along the intake flow path 102 shown in FIG. and let me go. In particular, since the intake port 113 opens toward the air pool space 105, when the intake valve body 120 is actuated, the odor-accompanied air accumulated in the air pool space 104 flows through the intake port 113 into the internal space. can be effectively absorbed. That is, when at least part of the air discharged from the exhaust port 114 when the positive pressure is released remains in the middle of the exhaust passage 103, the air is discharged when the intake valve body 120 operates as shown in FIG. Before all of the air is released to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100, it is returned to the inside of the piping route again. As a result, in the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, the amount of odorous air emitted outside the intake/exhaust valve 100 can be effectively reduced.

Here, the pressure fluctuation inside the piping route of the actual drainage system will be exemplified. It has been found that, under certain circumstances, the positive and negative pressures alternate finely within the piping path. FIG. 25 shows an example of a drainage system installed in a multi-story building. An exemplary drainage system is a five-story building, and at least one of a bathtub and a toilet bowl is installed as a drainage facility on each floor. For example, in the drainage system of FIG. 25, when all the bathtubs are drained and the toilet bowls on the 5th and 3rd floors are drained at the same time in a state of steady flow, positive pressure and negative pressure are finely continuous as shown in FIG. A symmetrically alternating pressure transition was observed at the point P of the lowest branch pipe.

In the drainage system of FIG. 25, in order to eliminate the fluctuation range of pressure that is continuously switched between positive pressure and negative pressure, as shown in FIG. Inlet and exhaust valves can be installed through the . Alternatively, although an example in which the intake and exhaust valve 100 is connected to the drain pipe joint 12 is shown in FIG. 12, the embodiment is not limited to that shown in FIG. The intake/exhaust valve 100 may be attached to the cylindrical portion (indicated as P' in FIG. 25) at the end of the ventilation pipe for outdoor use. In other words, a straight vent pipe is provided between the drain pipe joint and the intake/exhaust valve, and the drain pipe joint and the intake/exhaust valve are indirectly connected by the vent pipe. The connection between the intake/exhaust valve and the cylindrical portion may be either an external fit or an internal fit.

However, under such circumstances, the intake valve body and the exhaust valve body of the intake/exhaust valve operate continuously and frequently. Internal air accompanied by odor continues to be discharged to the outside of the intake and exhaust valve, and it is inevitable that a large amount of odor fills the room. On the other hand, in the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, under such circumstances, the exhaust valve body 130 and the intake valve body 120 operate continuously without interruption, and the exhaust port 114 It is repeated that the exhausted internal air is immediately sucked from the intake port 113 . Therefore, the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment can operate more effectively to prevent leakage of odors in a situation where the positive pressure and the negative pressure are frequently alternated.

Hereinafter, effects of the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of one embodiment according to the present invention will be described.

According to the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, the intake channel 102 extending from the open port 101 to the intake port 113 formed inside the cover body 140, and the exhaust port 114 to the open port 101. The air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 communicate with the outside air through the common open air 101, and the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 extend to the interior of the valve body 110. It is characterized by being arranged at the boundary between the space and the air reservoir space 105 inside the cover body 140 . In particular, in a state in which the positive pressure and the negative pressure alternate finely depending on the situation inside the piping route of the drain pipe 11, the positive pressure and the negative pressure are continuously generated by alternately operating the exhaust valve body 130 and the intake valve body 120. can be resolved to Then, the internal air (of the piping route) accompanied by an odor discharged from the exhaust port 114 at the time of positive pressure is again discharged from the piping route through the intake port 113 opened by the operation of the intake valve body 120 immediately after the positive pressure is released. returned inside. That is, the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment remain inside the cover body 140 together with the outside air flowing in from the opening 101 when the intake valve body 120 operates to eliminate the negative pressure. By sucking the internal air through the intake port 113, the amount of odorous internal air exhausted can be effectively reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can take various other embodiments and modifications. Another embodiment and modifications of the present invention will be described below. Note that, in each of the different embodiments, constituent elements having the same last two digits among the constituent elements indicated by three digits have the same or similar features unless otherwise described, and the description thereof will be partially omitted.

[Second embodiment]
15 to 19 show an intake/exhaust valve 200 of the second embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, the intake/exhaust valve 200 includes a valve body 210 connected to a piping path, an intake valve body 220 operating to eliminate the negative pressure inside the valve body 210, and the valve body 220. An exhaust valve body 230 that operates to eliminate the positive internal pressure of the valve body 210, and a cover body 240 attached to the valve body 210 to cover and protect the intake valve body 220 and the exhaust valve body 230. and In the intake/exhaust valve 200 of the present embodiment, unlike the intake/exhaust valve 100 of the first embodiment, the exhaust port and the intake port are shared as an intake/exhaust port 2134 and the exhaust valve body 230 is provided on the intake valve body 220 . In other words, the inlet/outlet 2134 includes an outlet area and an inlet area.

The valve body 210 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends opened and extending along the axial direction. The valve body 210 includes a peripheral wall 211 that axially surrounds the inner space, and an upper wall 212 that extends radially inward from the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 211 . A connecting portion 219 for connecting to the cylindrical portion 23 (see FIGS. 18 and 18) of the drain pipe structure 20 is provided at the lower portion of the peripheral wall 211 .

The upper wall 212 extends to close the inner space from above in the axial direction, and has an outer surface facing the outside air and an inner surface facing the inner space. The lower surface of upper wall 212 functions as a valve seat for receiving intake valve body 220 . An intake/exhaust port 2134 that communicates the inside and outside of the valve body 210 is provided in the center of the upper wall 212 in the radial direction. In this embodiment, the intake/exhaust port 2134 serves as both an intake port and an exhaust port. In other words, the valve body 210 has an intake port and an exhaust port as the intake and exhaust ports 2134 . The intake/exhaust port 2134 is a circular opening formed in the radial center of the upper wall 212 . The intake/exhaust port 2134 is open upward in the axial direction. A valve seat surface for the intake valve body 220 is defined on the peripheral lower surface of the intake/exhaust port 2134 of the upper wall 212 . The intake/exhaust port 2134 is constantly closed by both the intake valve body 220 and the exhaust valve body 230 . The intake/exhaust port 2134 is opened according to the operation of the intake valve body 220 , and air is drawn into the internal space from the outside of the valve body 210 via the intake/exhaust port 2134 . On the other hand, the intake/exhaust port 2134 is opened according to the operation of the exhaust valve body 230, and the air is discharged from the internal space of the valve body 210 to the outside through the intake/exhaust port 2134.

A body-side magnet holding portion 216 for holding the body-side magnet M1 is provided substantially in the radial center of the peripheral wall 211 . The body-side magnet holding portion 216 holds the body-side magnet M1 by means of three beam-shaped portions extending from the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 211 toward the center in the radial direction. Further, a shaft holding portion is provided at the radial center of the body-side magnet holding portion 216 so as to pass vertically through and for the valve shaft 222 of the intake valve body 220 to be slidably inserted. That is, the shaft holding portion has a shaft hole. In the body-side magnet holding portion 216, an annular body-side magnet M1 is held by being fitted into a groove around the shaft holding portion. The body-side magnet M1 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet, and functions to exert a repulsive force on the valve-side magnet M2, which will be described later.

A connecting portion 218 for attaching the cover body 240 to the valve main body 210 is provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall 211 . The connecting portion 218 is a beam body extending radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 211, and is configured to hold the cover body 240 placed thereon.

The intake valve body 220 is housed in an internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 211 and supported by the valve body 210 so as to move along the axial direction so as to open and close the intake/exhaust port 2134 . That is, the intake valve body 220 steadily closes the intake/exhaust port 2134, and as shown in FIG. 19, moves downward in the axial direction when the internal space (piping path) of the valve body 210 changes to negative pressure. to open the air intake/exhaust port 2134 and function the air intake/exhaust port 2134 as an air intake.

More specifically, the intake valve body 220 includes a closing portion 221 that is circular in plan view and has an annular dish shape, a valve shaft 222 that extends downward at the center of the closing portion 221 , and an upper end of the valve shaft 222 . and a formed valve-side magnet holding portion 223 . A valve-side contact surface is formed on the upper surface of the closing portion 221 on the outer peripheral side. As shown in FIG. 17 , the valve-side contact surface faces the valve seat surface of the valve body 210 . As shown in FIG. 17 , the valve shaft 222 is arranged on the central axis of the intake/exhaust port 2134 and passes through the shaft holding portion of the body-side magnet holding portion 216 of the valve body 210 . A valve-side magnet holding portion 223 is provided at the upper end of the valve shaft 222 so as to be positioned above the body-side magnet holding portion 216 . That is, the valve-side magnet M2 is fixed to the tip of the valve shaft 222 . The valve-side magnet M2 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet. The intake valve body 220 of this embodiment opens and closes the intake/exhaust port 2134 by the magnetic repulsion of the magnets M1 and M2. An opening 225 is provided in the center of the closed portion 221 of the intake valve body 220 to allow the intake/exhaust port 2134 to function as an exhaust port. The opening 225 is always closed by the exhaust valve body 230 .

The exhaust valve body 230 is arranged on the closing portion 221 of the intake valve body 220 so as to cover the opening 225 of the intake valve body 220 from above (outside the valve body 210). The exhaust valve body 230 includes a plate-like closing portion 231 covering the opening 225 (exhaust port area) and a valve shaft 232 extending downward from the center of the plate-like closing portion 231 . The exhaust valve body 230 steadily closes the intake/exhaust port 2134 in cooperation with the intake valve body 220 by closing the opening 225 in the closed position. As shown in FIG. 18, when the internal space (piping path) of the valve body 210 changes to positive pressure, the air intake valve body 220 rises from the closed portion 221 and opens the intake/exhaust port 2134 together with the opening portion 225, It operates so that the intake/exhaust port 2134 functions as an exhaust port.

As shown in FIG. 17, the cover body 240 covers the valve body 210 from above in order to protect the inside of the valve body 210, the intake valve body 220, and the exhaust valve body 230 from dust. That is, the cover body 240 is connected to the valve main body 210 to cover the intake/exhaust port 2134 from the outside and form the open port 201 open to the outside air. The cover body 240 has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped cover portion 241 . The cover portion 241 includes a top wall portion 241a extending so as to cover the intake/exhaust port 2134 from above in the axial direction, and a flange portion 241b extending so as to surround the intake/exhaust port 2134 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. Prepare. With the cover body 240 attached to the valve body 210, an opening 201 is formed at the tip of the flange portion 241b.

That is, the intake/exhaust valve 200 includes a connection portion 219 connected to the piping route, an intake port (air intake/exhaust port 2134) for taking in outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port ( The valve body 210 having an air intake/exhaust port 2134 ) and the intake port (air intake/exhaust port 2134) are normally closed and opened when the piping route changes to negative pressure. The intake valve body 220 that operates to close the exhaust port (intake/exhaust port 2134) steadily, and the exhaust that operates to open the exhaust port (intake/exhaust port 2134) when the piping route changes to positive pressure a valve body 230, a cover body 240 that is connected to the valve body 210, covers the intake port (air intake/exhaust port 2134) and the exhaust port (air intake/exhaust port 2134) from the outside, and forms the opening 201 that is open to the outside air; Prepare.

As shown in FIG. 17 , in a steady state, the intake/exhaust port 2134 opened at the center in the radial direction is closed by the intake valve body 220 and the exhaust valve body 230 . When the internal space of the valve body 210 (the space on the piping path side of the intake/exhaust port 2134) becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 220 is pushed down to draw outside air through the intake/exhaust port 2134 to eliminate the negative pressure. At this time, the exhaust valve body 230 moves integrally while closing the opening 225 of the intake valve body 220 . On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 210 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 230 floats up from the intake valve body 220, and the air in the internal space is discharged from the opening 225 and the intake/exhaust port 2134, thereby canceling the positive pressure. be. At this time, the intake valve body 220 is urged to contact the valve seat surface of the valve body 210 .

Inside the cover body 240, as shown in FIG. 17, an intake passage 202 extending from the opening 201 to the intake/exhaust port 2134 and an exhaust passage 203 extending from the intake/exhaust port 2134 to the opening 201 are formed. . Note that the intake flow path 202 and the exhaust flow path 203 represent substantially the shortest paths from the intake/exhaust port 2134 to the open port 201, and intake/exhaust does not necessarily occur along these flow paths. The intake flow path 202 passes through the annular passage between the flange portion 241 b and the peripheral wall 211 from the open port 201 , passes through the covered space inside the cover portion 241 , and reaches the intake/exhaust port 2134 . The exhaust flow path 203 extends from the intake/exhaust port 2134 through the covered space inside the cover portion 241 and through the annular passage between the flange portion 241b and the peripheral wall 211 to reach the open port 201 . That is, the intake channel 202 and the exhaust channel 203 almost completely overlap.

Between the upper wall 212 of the valve main body 210 and the cover portion 241 of the cover body 240 , an air reservoir space 205 is formed in which air from the internal space of the valve main body 210 is temporarily retained. An intake/exhaust port 2134 functioning as an intake port and an exhaust port is arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body 210 and the air reservoir space 205 . Since the open port 201 is located away from the opening direction of the intake/exhaust port 2134 and the exhaust flow path 203 is non-linear, the air is not immediately diffused to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 200 and is allowed to enter the cover portion 241 . can be effectively retained. In addition, since the intake/exhaust port 2134 is open toward the central portion of the air pool space 205 (that is, the radial central region of the cover portion 141), the air pool space 205 is opened through the intake/exhaust port 2134. It is possible to efficiently suck the air accumulated in the valve body 210 into the internal space of the valve body 210 .

FIG. 18 shows a configuration in which the piping path of the drain pipe structure 20 is under positive pressure and the exhaust valve body 230 of the intake/exhaust valve 200 is operated to eliminate the positive pressure. As shown in FIG. 18, when the piping path of the drain pipe structure 20 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve element 230 is pushed by the internal pressure and floats upward, opening the intake/exhaust port 2134 (exhaust port area). Then, the compressed air in the internal space of the valve body 210 is released to the outside of the valve body 210 through the opened intake/exhaust port 2134 . This release continues until the pressure in the interior space drops and the exhaust valve body 230 returns to the closed position. The exhaust flow travels from the intake/exhaust port 2134 toward the open port 201 along the exhaust flow path 203 shown in FIG. At least, when the air reservoir space 204 is filled with exhaust air, the air is discharged to the outside from the opening 201 .

FIG. 19 shows a configuration in which the piping path of the drain pipe structure 20 is under negative pressure and the intake valve element 220 of the intake/exhaust valve 200 is operated to eliminate the negative pressure. The form of FIG. 19 assumes that the piping route becomes negative pressure immediately after the positive pressure is released. As shown in FIG. 19, when the pipe path of the drain pipe structure 20 becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 220 moves downward, and the intake/exhaust port 2134 (intake port area) is opened. Then, air is sucked into the internal space of the valve body 210 through the open intake/exhaust port 2134 . This suction continues until the pressure in the internal space rises and the intake valve body 220 returns to the closed position. The intake flow takes in air outside the intake/exhaust valve 200 from the opening 201 to the intake/exhaust port 2134 along the intake flow path 202 shown in FIG. Head to 2134. In particular, since the intake/exhaust port 2134 opens toward the air pool space 205, when the intake valve body 220 is actuated, the odor-accompanied air accumulated in the air pool space 2104 flows through the intake/exhaust port 2134 into the internal space. can be efficiently sucked into the That is, when at least part of the air discharged when the positive pressure is released remains in the middle of the exhaust passage 203, and the intake valve element 220 operates as shown in FIG. Before being discharged to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 200, it is returned to the inside of the piping route again. As a result, in the drain pipe structure 20 of the present embodiment, the amount of odorous air emitted outside the intake/exhaust valve 200 can be effectively reduced.

[Third Embodiment]
20 to 24 show the intake/exhaust valve 300 of the third embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the intake/exhaust valve 300 includes a valve body 310 connected to a piping path, an intake valve body 320 operating to eliminate the negative pressure inside the valve body 310, and the valve body 320. An exhaust valve body 330 that operates to release the positive internal pressure of the valve body 310, and a cover body 340 attached to the valve body 310 to cover and protect the intake valve body 320 and the exhaust valve body 330. and The intake/exhaust valve 300 of this embodiment differs from the intake/exhaust valve 100 of the first embodiment in the positional relationship and shape of each component.

The valve body 310 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends opened and extending along the axial direction. The valve body 310 includes a peripheral wall 311 that axially surrounds the internal space, and an upper wall 312 that extends radially inward from the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 311 . A connecting portion 319 for connecting to the cylindrical portion 33 (see FIGS. 23 and 23) of the drain pipe structure 30 is provided at the lower portion of the peripheral wall 311 .

The upper wall 312 extends longitudinally to close the inner space from above in the axial direction, and has an outer surface facing the outside air and an inner surface facing the inner space. The lower and upper surfaces of upper wall 312 function as valve seats for receiving intake valve body 320 and exhaust valve body 330, respectively. As shown in FIG. 22, the upper wall 312 is provided with an intake port 313 and an exhaust port 314 that communicate the inside and outside of the valve body 310 . The intake port 313 is a circular opening formed in a region on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the upper wall 312 . The intake port 313 is opened upward in the axial direction. The intake port 313 is constantly closed by an intake valve body 320 . The intake port 313 is opened according to the operation of the intake valve body 320 , and air is drawn into the internal space from the outside of the valve body 310 via the intake port 313 . On the other hand, the exhaust port 314 is a circular opening formed in the region of the upper wall 312 on the other longitudinal end side, as shown in FIG. 21(d). The exhaust port 314 is open axially upward. The exhaust port 314 is divided into a plurality of openings by radially extending beams. The exhaust port 314 is constantly closed by an exhaust valve body 330 . The exhaust port 314 is opened according to the operation of the exhaust valve body 330 , and air is discharged from the internal space of the valve body 310 to the outside through the exhaust port 314 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 21(a), a body-side magnet holding portion 316 for holding the body-side magnet M1 is provided substantially in the radial center of the intake port 313. As shown in FIG. As in the first embodiment, the body-side magnet M1 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet, and functions to exert a repulsive force on the valve-side magnet M2 and the intermediate magnet M3. On the other hand, an annular body 314a for inserting and holding the valve shaft 332 of the exhaust valve body 330 is provided at substantially the center in the radial direction of the exhaust port 314, as shown in FIG. 21(d). The annular body 314 a is supported at the center of the exhaust port 314 by four beam-shaped bodies 314 b extending from the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust port 314 .

The intake valve body 320 is housed in an internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 311 and supported by the valve body 310 so as to move along the axial direction so as to open and close the intake port 313 . That is, the intake valve body 320 normally closes the intake port 313 and opens the intake port 313 when the internal space (pipe path) of the valve body 110 changes to a negative pressure. The configuration of the intake valve body 320 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The exhaust valve body 330 is supported by the upper wall 312 so as to cover the exhaust port 314 from above (outside the valve body 310). That is, the exhaust valve body 330 operates to steadily close the exhaust port 314 and open the intake port 313 when the internal space (pipe path) of the valve body 310 changes to positive pressure.

More specifically, the exhaust valve body 330 includes a plate-like closing portion 331 covering the exhaust port 314 and a valve shaft 332 extending downward from the center of the plate-like closing portion 331 . The valve shaft 332 is fitted around the center annular body of the exhaust port 3114 and supported so as to be axially movable. The exhaust valve body 330 steadily closes the exhaust port 314 in the vertical direction by gravity. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 310 has a positive pressure, an upward (outward) force acts on the plate-like closing portion 321 of the exhaust valve body 330 . When this force exceeds the force of gravity, the exhaust valve element 330 floats upward in the axial direction, the valve-side contact surface separates from the valve seat surface, and the exhaust port 314 is opened (see FIG. 23). When air is expelled from the exhaust port 314 and the pressure in the internal space of the valve body 310 is reduced, the exhaust valve body 330 is vertically lowered by the action of gravity and returns to its original closed position.

The cover body 340 covers the valve body 310 from above in order to protect the inside of the valve body 310, the intake valve body 320, and the exhaust valve body 330 from dust. That is, the cover body 340 is connected to the valve main body 310 to cover the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from the outside, thereby forming the open port 301 open to the outside air.

As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the cover body 340 includes a roof-like covering portion 341 having an oval shape in plan view. The covering portion 341 includes a top wall portion 341a extending in a flat plate shape so as to cover the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from above in the axial direction, and surrounds the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. It has a flange portion 341b that extends like a . A portion of the tip edge of the flange portion 341b is integrally connected to the valve body 310, and an opening 301 is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction.

As shown in FIG. 22 , in a steady state, an intake port 313 opened in the center in the radial direction is closed by an intake valve body 320 , and an exhaust port 314 arranged adjacent to the intake port 313 is closed by an exhaust valve body 330 . ing. When the internal space of the valve body 310 (the space on the piping path side of the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314) becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 320 is pushed down to suck outside air from the intake port 313, thereby canceling the negative pressure. be. At this time, the exhaust valve body 330 keeps the exhaust port 314 closed. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve main body 310 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 330 rises to discharge the air in the internal space from the exhaust port 314, thereby canceling the positive pressure. At this time, the intake valve body 320 keeps the intake port 313 closed.

Also, the covering portion 341 of the cover body 340 covers the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 like a roof so that they are not exposed to the outside. In particular, the top wall portion 341a covers the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from above in the axial direction, and the flange portion 341b covers the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction. That is, the covering portion 341 forms a covering space inside thereof that closes the upper surface of the valve body 310 from above in the axial direction. An opening 301 is formed at the lower end of the flange portion 341b on one end side of the cover body 340 in the longitudinal direction. The exhaust port 314 is covered with a cover body 340 so as not to be exposed to the outside. Since the inside and outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300 are ventilated only through the open port 301 , the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 communicate with the outside air through the common open port 301 . In this embodiment, the intake port 313 is arranged closer to the open port 301 than the exhaust port 314 is.

Inside the cover body 340, as shown in FIG. Note that the intake flow path 302 and the exhaust flow path 303 represent the substantially shortest paths from the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 to the open port 301, respectively, and intake and exhaust do not necessarily occur along these flow paths. do not have. The intake channel 302 extends from the open port 301 to the intake port 313 through the covered space inside the cover portion 141 . The exhaust flow path 303 extends from the exhaust port 314 through the covered space inside the cover portion 341 , over the intake port 313 , and reaches the open port 301 . That is, the intake channel 302 and the exhaust channel 303 partially overlap. An intake port 313 is arranged in the middle of the exhaust passage 303 extending from the exhaust port 314 to the open port 301 .

Between the upper wall 312 of the valve main body 310 and the cover portion 341 of the cover body 340, an air reservoir space 305 is formed in which air from the internal space of the valve main body 310 is temporarily retained. An intake port 313 and an exhaust port 314 are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body 310 and the air reservoir space 305 . Since the open port 301 is located away from the opening direction of the exhaust port 314 and the exhaust flow path 303 is non-linear, the air is not immediately diffused to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300, and the inside of the cover portion 341 is effective. It is possible to keep In addition, since the intake port 313 is arranged between the exhaust port 314 and the open port 301 , the air accumulated in the air reservoir space 305 is efficiently discharged into the internal space of the valve body 310 before it exits from the open port 301 . It is possible to aspirate to

FIG. 23 shows a mode in which the piping path of the drain pipe structure 30 is under positive pressure and the exhaust valve body 330 of the intake/exhaust valve 300 is operated to eliminate the positive pressure. As shown in FIG. 23, when the piping path of the drain pipe structure 20 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 330 is pushed by the internal pressure and floats upward, and the exhaust port 314 is opened. Then, the compressed air in the internal space of the valve body 310 is discharged to the outside of the valve body 310 through the opened exhaust port 314 . This release continues until the pressure in the interior space drops and the exhaust valve body 330 returns to the closed position. The exhaust flow travels from the exhaust port 314 toward the open port 301 along the exhaust flow path 303 shown in FIG. At least, when the air reservoir space 304 is filled with exhaust air, the air is discharged to the outside from the opening 301 . In this embodiment, since the distance between the exhaust port 314 and the open port 301 is relatively long, it is possible to retain the air discharged from the internal space for a long time in the air reservoir space 304 .

FIG. 24 shows a configuration in which the piping path of the drain pipe structure 30 is under negative pressure and the intake valve body 320 of the intake/exhaust valve 300 is operated to eliminate the negative pressure. The form of FIG. 24 assumes that the piping route becomes negative pressure immediately after the positive pressure is released. As shown in FIG. 24, when the pipe path of the drain pipe structure 30 becomes negative pressure, the intake valve element 320 moves downward, and the intake port 313 is opened. Air is sucked into the internal space of the valve body 310 through the opened intake port 313 . This suction continues until the pressure in the internal space rises and the intake valve body 320 returns to the closed position. The intake flow takes in air from the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300 from the opening 301 to the intake port 313 along the intake flow path 302 shown in FIG. and let me go. Since the exhaust passage 303 passes above the intake port 313 , the internal air is likely to be captured by the intake port 313 before being discharged from the open port 301 . That is, when at least part of the air discharged when the positive pressure is released remains in the middle of the exhaust passage 303, and the intake valve body 320 operates as shown in FIG. Before being discharged to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300, it is returned to the inside of the piping route again. As a result, in the drain pipe structure 30 of the present embodiment, the amount of odorous air emitted outside the intake/exhaust valve 300 can be effectively reduced.

[Modification]
(1) The intake/exhaust valve of the present invention can be applied not only to a drainage system but also to various uses for suppressing pressure fluctuations inside a piping route. For example, intake and exhaust valves may be installed in other structures such as water supply pipes, gas pipes, etc., as required.

(2) In the present embodiment, the intake valve body of the intake/exhaust valve is biased in the closing direction by the repulsive force of the magnet, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, biasing of the valve body may be provided by other mechanisms such as springs within the scope of the present invention. Alternatively, both the intake valve body and the exhaust valve body may be elastic sheet pieces like the exhaust valve body 130 of the first embodiment.

(3) The intake/exhaust valve of the present invention is not limited to the shape and size of the above embodiment, and can be modified into various shapes and sizes. For example, the peripheral wall of the valve body may be bent such that the axis of the upper wall side of the valve body and the axis of the connecting portion extend in different directions. Also, the opening may not be formed between the valve body and the cover body, and may be, for example, a through hole formed in the cover body.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and can be implemented in various forms within the technical scope of the present invention. That is, under the technical scope of the present invention, some configurations of the present embodiment may be omitted or modified, or other configurations may be added.

[Appendix]
Further inventions are extracted from the above embodiments and appended here. The technical concept of the connecting mechanism described above can be applied not only to intake/exhaust valves but also to general ventilation devices including intake valves, exhaust valves, and the like. That is, when the mounting body (corresponding to the cover body in the above embodiment) is locked to the mounted body (corresponding to the valve body in the above embodiment) in both the circumferential and axial directions, the mounting body It is necessary to dispose the engaging portion (corresponding to the connecting piece and claw portion of the above embodiment) at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction where it can be engaged with the engaged portion of the attached body. The problem is that it is particularly difficult to align the attachment member with respect to the attachment member in the circumferential direction when the positional relationship between the engaging portion and the engaged portion cannot be visually observed. In order to solve the problem, the following configurations are presented.

[Configuration 1]
A connecting structure for an attachment and an attached body,
An attached body (valve body 110) having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface and an engaged portion (horizontal restriction wall 118c) formed on the outer peripheral surface, and an engaging portion that engages with the engaged portion an attachment body (cover body 140) having (claw portion 142d) and being fixed to the attachment body by engaging with the engagement portion,
The object to be attached and the object to be attached can rotate relative to each other around the axial center of the cylinder of the object to be attached while guiding the relative position of the axial center in the axial direction so as not to be displaced. A guide portion (rail 118a) in sliding contact is provided along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical shape,
At least one of the engaging portion and the engaged portion is elastically deformable in the radial direction of the cylinder of the object to be attached, and the object to be attached and the object to be attached are relative to each other with respect to the axis. are elastically deformed by bringing them close to each other in the axial direction, and elastically return to the engaging position to engage both engaging portions,
A regulating portion (vertical regulating wall 118b, regulating claw 118d) for regulating relative rotation about the cylindrical axis of the object to be attached is provided at the engaging position of the two engaging portions,
A part of the guide portion in the circumferential direction is missing, and the missing portion (the gap between the rails 118a) is a position (a position outside the housing portion 118f in the axial direction) that allows the approach in the axial direction. , a position (inside the accommodating portion 118f) that enables engagement by approaching the two engaging portions in the axial direction.

In configuration 1 above, when the attachment member and the attached member are relatively rotated so as to slide along the guide portion, the engaging portion is guided to the missing portion. The engaging portion is arranged at a position that allows axial proximity of the lacking portion, and a connecting position that engages with the engaged portion (a position that enables engagement by axial proximity of both engaging portions) ). That is, even if the positional relationship between the engaging portion and the engaged portion cannot be confirmed, the attaching body can be easily connected to the attached body. Configuration 1 embodies a form (see FIG. 11) in which the claw portion 142b climbs over the horizontal regulation wall 118c and enters the accommodation portion 118f along the axial direction in the coupling mechanism of the first embodiment. In this configuration, the configuration that enables circumferential movement from the introduction portion 118e to the accommodation portion 118f may be omitted.

[Configuration 2]
A connecting structure for an attachment and an attached body,
An attached body (valve main body 110) having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface and an engaged portion (vertical restricting wall 118b, restricting claw 118d) projecting from the outer peripheral surface is formed; It has a cylindrical portion (peripheral wall 111) inserted therein, and an engaging portion (claw portion 142b ) is formed on the mounting body (cover body 140),
On both side portions in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the engaged portion, a restriction wall (vertical restriction wall 118b, regulating claw 118d) are provided, and at least one of the regulating walls has an inclined surface (inclined surface of the regulating claw 118d) elastically deformed to receive the engaging portion from the outside in the circumferential direction with respect to the engaged portion. ) is formed,
In the axial direction of the cylindrical portion, before the position where the inclined surface and the engaging portion match (the axial position of the introduction portion 118e) in the insertion direction of the attached body, and before the inclined surface is overcome. With the relative position in the axial direction fixed (or not displaced) except for the position (introduction portion 118e), relative rotation of the attachment and the attachment about the axis of the cylindrical portion is performed. A connection structure characterized in that a sliding contact portion (rail 118a) that allows movement is provided.

In configuration 2 above, when the attachment member and the attached member are relatively rotated via the sliding contact portion, the engaging portion is guided to a position where it coincides with the inclined surface. The engaging portion is arranged at a position matching the inclined surface, and is moved to the engaged portion between the pair of restricting walls by climbing over the inclined surface. That is, even if the positional relationship between the engaging portion and the engaged portion cannot be confirmed, the attaching body can be easily connected to the attached body. Configuration 2 embodies a form (see FIG. 9) in which the claw portion 142b climbs over the restricting claw 118d and enters the accommodating portion 118f along the circumferential direction in the coupling mechanism of the first embodiment. In this configuration, the configuration that allows axial entry into the accommodating portion 118f may be omitted.

[Configuration 3]
A connecting mechanism for lockingly connecting an attached body to an attached body having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface,
a connecting piece having a shaft portion projecting from the attachment body toward the attached body, and a claw portion projecting from the shaft portion and elastically displaceable;
an accommodating portion formed at a predetermined position around the object to be attached and forming a space for accommodating the claw portion in a locked state;
A space continuously provided in the circumferential direction with respect to the accommodating portion, opened axially outward so as to allow axial movement of the claw portion, and for introducing the claw portion into the accommodating portion from the circumferential direction. forming an introduction;
formed on the object to be attached to restrict axial and circumferential movement of the claw portion when the claw portion is arranged in the accommodating portion, and the claw portion is arranged in the introduction portion; a regulating portion that allows the claw portion to move from the introducing portion to the receiving portion;
a plurality of rails extending along the circumferential direction from the peripheral wall of the object to be attached, and spaced apart from each other so as to form a gap at positions of the accommodating portion and the introduction portion;
The connecting piece is formed on the cover body so as to abut against the rail in the axial direction while the position of the connecting piece and the position of the introducing portion are displaced in the circumferential direction. and a guide portion that guides the connecting piece to the introduction portion.

In configuration 3 above, the connecting mechanism guides the connecting piece to the introduction portion by means of guide means (a guide portion and a rail) that guides the connection piece to a predetermined connection position, and the claw portion of the connection piece disposed in the introduction portion is circumferentially moved into the receiving portion via the restricting portion (allowing movement from the introduction portion to the receiving portion), the pawl portion is arranged in the receiving portion in a locked state by the restricting portion, and as a result, the attachment body can be attached to the adherend. Even if the positional relationship between the connecting piece and the introduction portion cannot be confirmed, the attaching body can be easily connected to the attached body. That is, the connecting mechanism allows the operator to attach the cover body to the attached body simply by rotating the cover body, thereby greatly improving work efficiency in attaching and detaching the attachment body.

[Configuration 4]
In configuration 3, the restricting portion includes a horizontal restricting wall that extends in the axial direction outside the accommodating portion in the circumferential direction and restricts axially outward movement of the claw portion disposed in the accommodating portion, The horizontal regulating wall may be configured to allow the claw portion to move axially from the outside to the inside of the accommodating portion.

10 Drain pipe structure 11 Drain pipe 12 Drain pipe joint 13 Cylindrical part 100 Intake and exhaust valve 101 Open port 102 Intake channel 103 Exhaust channel 105 Air reservoir space 110 Valve body 111 Peripheral wall 112 Upper wall 113 Intake port 114 Exhaust port 115 Annular packing 116 Main body side magnet holding part 117 Main body side mesh sheet attaching part 118 Connecting part 118a Rail 118b Vertical restriction wall (restriction part)
118c Horizontal regulation wall (regulation part)
118d Regulating pawl (regulating portion)
118e Introduction portion 118f Accommodating portion 119 Connecting portion 120 Intake valve body 121 Closing portion 122 Valve shaft 123 Valve side magnet holding portion 124 Intermediate magnet holding body 130 Exhaust valve body 131 Belt-shaped closing portion 132 Fixed end portion 140 Cover body 141 Cover portion 141a Top Wall portion 141b Flange portion 142 Connecting piece 142a Shaft portion 142b Claw portion 143 Guide stepped portion 144 Engagement stepped portion 145 Cover side net sheet attaching portion M1 Body side magnet M2 Valve side magnet M3 Intermediate magnet

Claims (11)

a valve body having a connecting portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking in outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from the piping route;
an intake valve body that normally closes the intake port and opens the intake port when the pressure in the piping path changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that normally closes the exhaust port and opens the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping path changes to positive;
a cover body that is connected to the valve body, covers the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside, and forms an open port that is open to the outside air;
An intake channel extending from the open port to the intake port and an exhaust channel extending from the exhaust port to the open port are formed inside the cover body, and the intake channel and the exhaust channel are formed at least. An intake and exhaust valve characterized by partially overlapping. a valve body having a connecting portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking in outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from the piping route;
an intake valve body that normally closes the intake port and opens the intake port when the pressure in the piping path changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that normally closes the exhaust port and opens the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping path changes to positive;
a cover body that is connected to the valve body, covers the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside, and forms an open port that is open to the outside air;
An intake/exhaust valve, wherein the intake port and the exhaust port communicate with the outside air through a common open port. 3. The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 1, wherein the intake port is arranged in the middle of an exhaust passage extending from the exhaust port to the open port. 3. The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust port is arranged in the middle of an intake passage extending from the open port to the intake port. 5. The intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the exhaust port is covered with the cover body so as not to be exposed to the outside. The cover body has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped cover part so as to form an air-reserving space in which air from the internal space of the valve body is temporarily retained, and the open port is located between the valve body and the valve body. The intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the intake/exhaust valve is formed in a gap with the cover body. the valve body is a tubular body extending in the axial direction, the intake port and the exhaust port are open axially upward;
The cover portion includes a top wall portion that extends to cover the air intake port and the air discharge port from above in the axial direction, and a top wall portion that extends to surround the air intake port and the air discharge port from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. 7. The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 6 , further comprising a flange portion which is formed with the opening, and wherein the opening is formed at a tip portion of the flange portion. The intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the intake valve body is configured to operate with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body. further comprising a connection mechanism for connecting the cover body to the valve body,
The connecting mechanism is
a connecting piece having a shaft portion projecting from the cover body toward the valve body, and a claw portion projecting from the shaft portion and elastically displaceable;
an accommodating portion formed at a predetermined position around the valve body and forming a space for accommodating the claw portion in a locked state;
A space continuously provided in the circumferential direction with respect to the accommodating portion, opened axially outward so as to allow axial movement of the claw portion, and for introducing the claw portion into the accommodating portion from the circumferential direction. forming an introduction;
formed in the valve body to restrict movement of the pawl in the axial direction and the circumferential direction when the pawl is arranged in the accommodating portion, and when the pawl is arranged in the introduction portion; a restricting portion that allows the claw portion to move from the introducing portion to the receiving portion;
a plurality of rails extending in the circumferential direction from the peripheral wall of the valve body and spaced apart from each other so as to form a gap at positions of the accommodating portion and the introducing portion;
The connecting piece is formed on the cover body so as to abut against the rail in the axial direction while the position of the connecting piece and the position of the introducing portion are displaced in the circumferential direction. The intake/exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , further comprising a guide portion that guides the connecting piece to the introduction portion. The restricting portion includes a horizontal restricting wall that extends in the axial direction outside the accommodating portion in the circumferential direction and restricts axially outward movement of the claw portion arranged in the accommodating portion. 10. The intake/exhaust valve according to claim 9 , wherein the claw portion is configured to allow the claw portion to move axially from the outside to the inside of the accommodating portion. A drainage pipe having a tubular portion that forms a piping route inside and is open at one end;
and the intake and exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 10 connected to the tubular portion,
When the piping path continuously changes from a steady state to a positive pressure and a negative pressure, the exhaust valve body of the intake and exhaust valve opens the exhaust port according to the change from the steady state to the positive pressure to release the air. According to a change from pressure to negative pressure, the exhaust valve body closes the exhaust port and the intake valve body opens the intake port, allowing at least part of the air discharged from the exhaust port to flow into the piping path. A drain pipe structure characterized by sucking with.

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