JP7432665B2 - Connection structure and connection mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an intake/exhaust valve that is installed in a piping route and eliminates positive pressure and negative pressure inside the piping route, and a drain pipe structure.

Generally, drainage pipes are installed in the drainage systems of kitchen sinks, bathtubs, toilets, etc. installed in buildings to treat wastewater. The piping structure of such a drainage system includes a drain pipe having a trap section curved in an S-shape or a U-shape, and is configured to store water in the trap section. The water sealed in this trap seals the interior of the drain pipe, preventing foul odors from downstream of the drain pipe from leaking into the room, and also prevents pests from creeping up from the downstream side of the drain pipe. . However, if a large amount of water flows through the drain pipe and the pressure inside the drain pipe decreases to negative pressure, there is a risk that the sealed water in the trap section will be sucked and flowed downstream. On the other hand, when a large amount of water is drained from the upper floors of an apartment or building, or when it backflows from the main sewage pipe due to torrential rain, severe pressure fluctuations occur inside the drain pipe, causing The positive pressure increases temporarily, and the water seal in the trap is pushed out like an air gun, which can cause foul odors to leak and water to splash. In order to prevent the water seal from being broken in the trap section, leakage of bad odor, and splashing of water, intake and exhaust valves are disposed downstream of the trap section of the drain pipe. In other words, when the inside of the drain pipe becomes negative pressure, outside air is sucked into the drain pipe through the intake/exhaust valve to eliminate the negative pressure state in the drain pipe, thereby preventing the seal from breaking in the trap part, and When the inside of the pipe becomes positive pressure, the air inside the drain pipe is discharged to the outside via the intake/exhaust valve to eliminate the positive pressure state in the drain pipe, thereby preventing leakage of bad odors and splashing of water.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an intake/exhaust valve that prevents the water seal from breaking and the seal water from splashing out of a drain trap caused by a pressure rise and a pressure drop occurring in a drain pipe. Hereinafter, in the relevant paragraph, the code of Patent Document 1 is shown in parentheses. The intake and exhaust valve of Patent Document 1 includes an intake and exhaust valve body (10), an intake valve body (32), and an exhaust valve body (50). In the intake/exhaust valve, an annular intake port (19) having an intake valve seat (13, 18) is provided on the outer peripheral side of the upper end of the pipe portion (14) of the intake/exhaust valve body (10). Further, an intake valve body (32) is provided which opens the intake port (19) away from the intake valve seat (13, 18) by the negative pressure of the drain pipe. Furthermore, an exhaust port (28) having an exhaust valve seat (29) formed on its periphery opens above the upper end of the pipe portion (14) of the intake/exhaust valve body (10). An exhaust valve body (50) is provided which opens the exhaust port (28) away from the exhaust valve seat (29) by pressurizing the drain pipe. A cover (55) that covers the exhaust valve element (50) is fitted into the upper fitting edge (12a) of the exhaust valve element (50). An exhaust vent (57) communicating with the outside air is opened in this cover (55).

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-89514

However, in the intake/exhaust valve of Patent Document 1, when the positive pressure in the drain pipe is released, the exhaust valve body is opened, and the air in the drain pipe is discharged through the exhaust port opened above the intake valve body. It is discharged into the inside of the cover. All of the air discharged into the interior of the cover is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust vent. The problem is that this air exhausted to the outside is diffused into the atmosphere and spreads odor into the space where it is exhausted, such as a room. In contrast, in the intake/exhaust valve of the form shown in FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1, this odor problem is addressed by connecting an elbow pipe to the exhaust port of the cover and guiding the odor outdoors. However, the solution disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires additional equipment and the like, and only leads the odor to another location, so it does not fundamentally solve the odor problem. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an intake/exhaust valve that reduces the amount of air discharged when the positive pressure in a piping route is eliminated.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide an intake/exhaust valve that can reduce the amount of air exhausted inside a piping route, and a drain pipe structure using the intake/exhaust valve. It's about doing.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one embodiment of the present invention has a connection portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust air from the piping route. The main body and
an intake valve body that operates to constantly close the intake port and open the intake port when the piping route changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that operates to constantly close the exhaust port and open the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping route changes to positive;
a cover body connected to the valve body to cover the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside and form an open port open to the outside air;
An intake flow path extending from the open port to the intake port and an exhaust flow path extending from the exhaust port to the open port are formed inside the cover body, and the intake flow path and the exhaust flow path are at least It is characterized by partially overlapping.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one embodiment of the present invention has a connection portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust air from the piping route. The main body and
an intake valve body that operates to constantly close the intake port and open the intake port when the piping route changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that operates to constantly close the exhaust port and open the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping route changes to positive;
a cover body connected to the valve body to cover the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside and form an open port open to the outside air;
The intake port and the exhaust port are characterized in that they communicate with outside air through a common opening.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one embodiment of the present invention has a connection portion connected to a piping route, an intake port for taking outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust air from the piping route. The main body and
an intake valve body that operates to constantly close the intake port and open the intake port when the piping route changes to negative pressure;
an exhaust valve body that operates to constantly close the exhaust port and open the exhaust port when the pressure in the piping route changes to positive;
a cover body connected to the valve body to cover the intake port and the exhaust port from the outside and form an open port open to the outside air;
An air pocket space is formed between the cover body and the valve body, and the air storage space temporarily retains air from the internal space of the valve body, and the intake port and the exhaust port are connected to the internal space of the valve body. and the air pocket space.

An intake/exhaust valve according to a further embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the intake/exhaust valve of the above embodiment, the intake port is disposed in the middle of an exhaust flow path extending from the exhaust port to the open port.

An intake/exhaust valve according to a further embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the intake/exhaust valve of the above embodiment, the exhaust port is disposed in the middle of an intake flow path extending from the open port to the intake port.

An intake/exhaust valve according to a further embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that, in the intake/exhaust valve of the above embodiment, the exhaust port is covered with the cover body so as not to be exposed to the outside.

In an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in the intake/exhaust valve according to the above aspect, the cover body has a dome so as to form an air pocket space therein in which air from the internal space of the valve body is temporarily retained. It is characterized in that the valve has a roof-like cover part, and the opening opening is formed in a gap between the valve body and the cover body.

In the intake/exhaust valve of the above embodiment, the valve body is a cylindrical body extending in the axial direction, and the intake port and the exhaust port are opened upward in the axial direction. ,
The cover portion includes a top wall portion that extends to cover the intake port and the exhaust port from above in the axial direction, and a top wall portion that extends to surround the intake port and the exhaust port from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. and a flange portion, and the opening opening is formed at the tip of the flange portion.

An intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the intake/exhaust valve of the above aspect, the intake valve body is configured to operate with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body.

An intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention is the intake/exhaust valve according to the above aspect, further comprising a connection mechanism for connecting the cover body to the valve body,
The connection mechanism is
a shaft portion protruding from the cover body toward the valve body; and a connecting piece having a claw portion that extends from the shaft portion and is elastically displaceable;
an accommodating part formed at a predetermined position around the valve body and forming a space for accommodating the claw part in a locked state;
A space is provided that is connected to the accommodating part in the circumferential direction, is open to the outside in the axial direction to allow movement of the claw part in the axial direction, and is used to introduce the claw part into the accommodating part from the circumferential direction. an introduction to form;
The valve body is formed on the valve body to restrict movement of the claw in the axial direction and the circumferential direction when the claw is placed in the accommodating part, and when the claw is placed in the introduction part. a regulating part that allows the claw part to move from the introduction part to the accommodating part;
a plurality of rails extending along the circumferential direction from the peripheral wall of the valve body and spaced apart from each other so as to form a gap at the positions of the accommodating part and the introducing part;
The cover body is formed so as to abut the rail from the axial direction in a state where the position of the connecting piece and the position of the introduction part are shifted in the circumferential direction, and the cover body is slid on the rail in the circumferential direction, It is characterized by comprising a guide part that guides the connecting piece to the introduction part.

In an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in the intake/exhaust valve of the above aspect, the regulating portion extends in the circumferential direction on the axially outer side of the accommodating portion, and A horizontal regulating wall is provided that regulates movement outward in the axial direction, and the horizontal regulating wall is configured to allow the claw portion to move in the axial direction from the outside to the inside of the housing portion. It is characterized by

A drain pipe structure according to one embodiment of the present invention includes:
a drain pipe having a cylindrical part that forms a piping route inside and is open at one end;
The intake and exhaust valve according to any one of claims 1 to 11 connected to the cylindrical part,
When the piping route changes continuously from a steady state to positive pressure and negative pressure, the exhaust valve body of the intake and exhaust valve opens the exhaust port and releases air according to the change from the steady state to positive pressure. As the pressure changes from negative pressure to negative pressure, the exhaust valve body closes the exhaust port, and the intake valve body opens the intake port to direct at least a portion of the air discharged from the exhaust port into the piping route. It is characterized by inhalation.

In an intake/exhaust valve according to one embodiment of the present invention, an intake flow path extending from the open port to the intake port and an exhaust flow path extending from the exhaust port to the open port, which are formed inside the cover body, overlap at least partially. It is characterized by the presence of In particular, in a state where positive pressure and negative pressure are alternated minutely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and negative pressure can be continuously resolved by alternately operating the exhaust valve element and the intake valve element. Since the intake flow path and the exhaust flow path overlap, the internal air (in the piping route) with the odor discharged from the exhaust port during positive pressure is activated by the intake valve body immediately after the positive pressure is released. The air is then returned to the inside of the piping route through the opened intake port. That is, in the intake/exhaust valve of the present invention, when the intake valve body operates to eliminate negative pressure, the exhausted internal air remaining inside the cover body enters the intake flow path together with the outside air flowing in from the open port. By drawing in the air from the intake port along the line, the amount of exhausted internal air accompanied by odors can be effectively reduced.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the intake port and the exhaust port communicate with outside air through a common opening. In particular, in a state where positive pressure and negative pressure are alternated minutely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and negative pressure can be continuously resolved by alternately operating the exhaust valve element and the intake valve element. Since the intake port and the exhaust port communicate with the outside air through a common open port, the internal air (in the piping route) with the odor discharged from the exhaust port when the pressure is positive is eliminated. Immediately after, the intake valve body operates and the air is returned to the inside of the piping route through the opened intake port. That is, when the intake valve body of the present invention is operated to eliminate negative pressure, before all the internal air is exhausted from the common opening, the intake and exhaust valve of the present invention is able to release the air together with the outside air flowing in through the common opening. By sucking the exhausted internal air remaining inside the cover body through the intake port, the amount of exhausted internal air accompanied by odor can be effectively reduced.

An intake/exhaust valve according to one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body and the air pocket space inside the cover body. In particular, in a state where positive pressure and negative pressure are alternated minutely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and negative pressure can be continuously resolved by alternately operating the exhaust valve element and the intake valve element. Since both the intake port and the exhaust port are located at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body and the air trap space, the internal air (of the piping route) with odor is discharged from the exhaust port during positive pressure. Immediately after the positive pressure is released, the intake valve body is activated and the intake air is returned to the inside of the piping route through the opened intake port. That is, in the intake/exhaust valve of the present invention, when the intake valve body operates to eliminate negative pressure, at least a portion of the exhausted internal air remaining in the air pocket space is removed together with the outside air flowing in from the open port. By being sucked in through the intake port, the amount of exhausted internal air accompanied by odors can be effectively reduced.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the invention described above, the intake port is arranged in the middle of the exhaust flow path extending from the exhaust port to the open port. It is possible to capture the remaining internal air before it reaches the opening and to effectively draw it into the interior of the piping path via the inlet.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the invention described above, the exhaust port is disposed in the middle of the intake flow path extending from the open port to the intake port, so that the air is discharged from the exhaust port. Internal air can be effectively drawn into the piping path along the intake flow path.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the invention described above, the exhaust port is covered with a cover body so as not to be exposed to the outside, so that the internal air discharged from the exhaust port is immediately removed. It is possible to make it stay inside the cover body for a longer time without letting it escape to the outside.

According to a further aspect of the intake/exhaust valve of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the invention described above, the cover body has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped covering portion, so that an air pocket space can be effectively created inside the cover body. In addition, outside air can be effectively taken in through the opening formed in the gap between the cover body and the valve body.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the above-mentioned invention, an air pocket space is formed between the top wall portion and the intake port and the exhaust port of the valve body, so that air can be discharged from the piping route. Prevents internal air from escaping upward in the axial direction. In addition, since the flange surrounds the intake port and the exhaust port from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and an open port is formed at the tip of the flange, the exhaust flow path for internal air discharged from the piping route is It is possible to flex and allow the internal air to remain there for a longer period of time without immediately escaping to the outside.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the invention described above, the intake valve body operates with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body, so that the intake valve body after opening the exhaust valve body is By relatively increasing the frequency of opening, it is possible to further increase the probability of sucking in the internal air discharged from the exhaust port.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the invention described above, the connecting mechanism introduces the connecting piece by means of a guide means (a guide portion and a rail) that guides the connecting piece to a predetermined connecting position. , and move the claw part of the connecting piece arranged in the introduction part in the circumferential direction into the accommodation part via the regulation part (which allows movement from the introduction part to the accommodation part), and the claw part is moved by the regulation part. It is arranged in a locked state in the receptacle, as a result of which it is possible to assemble the cover body to the valve body. That is, the connecting mechanism allows the cover body to be attached to the valve body simply by rotating the cover body, thereby greatly improving the work efficiency in attaching and detaching the cover body.

According to an intake/exhaust valve according to a further aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the above invention, when the position of the claw part of the cover body and the position of the horizontal regulating wall (accommodating part) are aligned from the axial direction, the cover body The cover body can be assembled to the valve body by simply pressing downward in the axial direction toward the valve body. That is, the method of assembling the coupling mechanism of the present invention can be selected depending on the situation.

According to the drain pipe structure described in one embodiment of the present invention, the effects of the above invention can be exhibited as a drain pipe structure. In particular, in a state where positive pressure and negative pressure are alternated minutely depending on the situation inside the piping route, the positive pressure and negative pressure can be continuously resolved by alternately operating the exhaust valve element and the intake valve element. Immediately after the positive pressure is released, the internal air (in the piping route) with the odor that was discharged from the exhaust port when the positive pressure is released is returned to the inside of the piping route through the intake port, which was opened by the operation of the intake valve body. be returned. That is, in the drain pipe structure of the present invention, the intake valve body operates to eliminate negative pressure immediately after internal air is discharged from the exhaust port, and at least a portion of the internal air discharged from the exhaust port is transferred to the open port. By being sucked into the piping route from the intake port together with the outside air flowing in from the inside, the amount of exhausted internal air accompanied by odors can be effectively reduced.

(a) A perspective view from above and (b) a perspective view from below of an intake and exhaust valve according to an embodiment of the present invention. (a) A top view, (b) a front view, (c) a side view, and (d) a bottom view of the intake and exhaust valve of FIG. 1. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the intake and exhaust valve in FIG. 2. FIG. BB sectional view of the intake and exhaust valve in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of the intake and exhaust valve in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the intake and exhaust valve of FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cover body of the intake and exhaust valve of FIG. 6; (a) A bottom view and (b) a DD sectional view of the cover body in FIG. 7. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of each stage (a) to (d) in the connection operation of the connection mechanism in the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 1, viewed from the bottom. 9(a) to 9(d) are schematic diagrams showing the configurations of each cross section (E1-E1 to E5-E5 cross section). FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing each stage (a) and (b) of the second connection operation of the connection mechanism in the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 1; FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a drain pipe structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the exhaust valve body is operated to eliminate positive pressure inside the piping route in the drain pipe structure of FIG. 12. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the intake valve body is operated to eliminate negative pressure inside the piping route in the drain pipe structure of FIG. 12. FIG. (a) A perspective view from above and (b) a perspective view from below of an intake and exhaust valve of another embodiment (second embodiment) according to the present invention. (a) Plan view, (b) Front view, (c) Side view, and (d) Bottom view of the intake/exhaust valve of FIG. 15. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF of the intake and exhaust valve in FIG. 16. FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the exhaust valve body is operated to eliminate positive pressure inside the piping route in the drain pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 15 are installed. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the intake valve body is operated to eliminate negative pressure inside the piping route in the drain pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 15 are installed; FIG. (a) A perspective view from above, and (b) a perspective view from below of an intake and exhaust valve of another embodiment (third embodiment) according to the present invention. (a) Plan view, (b) Front view, (c) Side view, and (d) Bottom view of the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 20. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG of the intake and exhaust valve in FIG. 21. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the exhaust valve body is operated to eliminate positive pressure inside the piping route in the drain pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 20 are installed; FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the intake valve body is operated to eliminate negative pressure inside the piping route in the drain pipe structure in which the intake and exhaust valves of FIG. 20 are installed; FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a drainage system in which the intake and exhaust valves of the present invention may be installed. 26 is a graph showing the time course of the pressure inside the piping route observed at a predetermined point in the drainage system of FIG. 25.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the shapes in the figures referred to in the following description are conceptual diagrams or schematic diagrams for explaining preferred shapes and dimensions, and the dimensional ratios etc. do not necessarily match the actual dimensional ratios. That is, the present invention is not limited to the dimensional ratios in the drawings. Further, the directions of up, down, left and right in the present invention are merely concepts indicating relative positions, and it goes without saying that these can be interchanged and applied.

The intake/exhaust valve 100 of one embodiment of the present embodiment is installed in a part of a piping route of a piping structure (in this embodiment, a drain pipe structure), and is configured to eliminate positive pressure and negative pressure in the piping route. Function. The configuration of the intake and exhaust valve 100 of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views of an intake and exhaust valve 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2(a) to 2(c) are a plan view, a front view, and a bottom view of the intake/exhaust valve 100. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line AA of the intake and exhaust valve 100. 4 and 5 are a BB cross-sectional view and a CC cross-sectional view taken along the radial direction of the intake/exhaust valve 100. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the intake and exhaust valve 100.

The intake/exhaust valve 100 includes a valve body 110 connected to a piping path, an intake valve element 120 that operates to eliminate negative internal pressure of the valve body 110, and a positive internal pressure of the valve body 110. The exhaust valve body 130 is provided with an exhaust valve body 130 that operates to eliminate the problem, and a cover body 140 that is attached to the valve body 110 so as to cover and protect the intake valve body 120 and the exhaust valve body 130.

The valve body 110 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends open and extending in the axial direction. The valve body 110 includes a peripheral wall 111 that surrounds the internal space in the axial direction, and an upper wall 112 that extends radially inward from the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 111.

The upper portion of the peripheral wall 111 is formed to have a relatively large diameter so as to surround the intake valve body 120, which is driven deep in the axial direction in the internal space, over its driving range. On the other hand, the lower part of the peripheral wall 111 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the upper part of the peripheral wall 111. A connecting portion 119 for connecting to the cylindrical portion 13 (see FIG. 12) of the drain pipe structure 10 is provided at the lower portion of the peripheral wall 111. The connecting portion 119 has a uniform cylindrical shape that is smaller in diameter than the upper portion of the peripheral wall 111 in accordance with the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 13 . This connecting portion 119 has a connecting port that is opened downward in the axial direction, and the internal space of the valve body 110 is communicated with the piping route through the connecting port.

The upper wall 112 extends to close the inner space from above in the axial direction, and has an outer surface facing the outside air and an inner surface facing the inner space. The inner and outer surfaces of top wall 112 function as valve seats for receiving intake valve body 120 and exhaust valve body 130, respectively. The upper wall 112 is provided with an intake port 113 and an exhaust port 114 that communicate the inside and outside of the valve body 110. The intake port 113 is a circular opening formed in the radial center of the upper wall 112. The intake port 113 is open upward in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, a rubber annular packing 115 is disposed around the periphery of the intake port 113 on the lower surface side of the upper wall 112. A valve seat surface for the intake valve body 120 is defined on the lower surface of the annular packing 115 . The intake port 113 is constantly closed by an intake valve body 120. In accordance with the operation of the intake valve body 120, the intake port 113 is opened, and air is sucked into the internal space from the outside of the valve body 110 through the intake port 113. On the other hand, the exhaust port 114 is an annular opening formed on the radially outer side of the intake port 113, as shown in FIG. The exhaust port 114 is open upward in the axial direction. The exhaust port 114 is divided into a plurality of openings by beams extending radially in the radial direction. A valve seat surface for the exhaust valve body 130 is defined on the upper surfaces of the inner and outer peripheral edges of the exhaust port 114 . The exhaust port 114 is constantly closed by the exhaust valve body 130. According to the operation of the exhaust valve body 130, the exhaust port 114 is opened, and air is exhausted from the internal space of the valve body 110 to the outside through the exhaust port 114.

Furthermore, a body-side magnet holding portion 116 for holding the body-side magnet M1 is provided approximately at the center of the upper wall 112 in the radial direction. The main body side magnet holding portion 116 holds the main body side magnet M1 by three beam-shaped portions extending from the inner circumferential surface of the upper wall 112 surrounding the intake port 113 toward the center in the radial direction. Further, a shaft holder is provided at the radial center of the main body side magnet holder 116, which penetrates vertically and through which the valve shaft 122 of the intake valve body 120 is slidably inserted. In other words, the shaft holder has a shaft hole. In the main body side magnet holding section 116, an annular main body side magnet M1 is fitted and held in a groove around the shaft holding section. The main body side magnet M1 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet, and functions to apply a repulsive force to a valve side magnet M2 and an intermediate magnet M3, which will be described later.

Furthermore, an annular protrusion is formed near the outer peripheral edge of the upper wall 112. Between this annular protrusion and the peripheral wall 111, a main body side mesh sheet attachment portion 117 is formed for attaching a cylindrical mesh sheet (not shown). The main body side net sheet attaching portion 117 forms a circular or arcuate groove that opens upward in the axial direction. The main body side net sheet attachment part 117 functions to hold the net sheet in cooperation with the cover body side net sheet attachment part 145 of the cover body 140, as will be described later. Note that the mesh sheet prevents insects from entering the intake/exhaust valve 100 from the outside.

A connecting portion 118 that is part of a connecting mechanism for lockingly connecting the cover body 140 to the valve body 110 is provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall 111. The connecting portion 118 has a plurality of (three in this embodiment) rails 118a that extend piecemeal from the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the peripheral wall 111. The number of rails 118a corresponds to the number of connecting pieces 142 of the cover body 140, which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 4, the rails 118a are arcuate pieces that extend in the circumferential direction with a predetermined length, and are arranged at predetermined intervals with gaps in between. Moreover, the rail 118a extends in an arc shape at a position separated from the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 111 by the beam body. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a vertical regulating wall 118b is formed at one end of the rail 118a in the circumferential direction, and extends vertically downward in the axial direction from the rail 118a so as to face an adjacent gap. There is. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the vertical regulating wall 118b is connected with a horizontal regulating wall 111c that extends in a short circumferential direction from the outer circumferential surface of the peripheral wall 111. The upper surface of the horizontal regulating wall 111c is located at the same height as the upper surface of the rail 118a. Further, the outer edge of the upper surface of the horizontal regulating wall 111c is chamfered to form an inclined surface or a rounded surface. A regulating claw 118d is formed at the tip of the horizontal regulating wall 111c (the end opposite to the vertical regulating wall 111b). The regulating claw 118d extends downward in the axial direction from the horizontal regulating wall 111c. The regulating claw 118d has an inclined surface on the tip side in the circumferential direction, and has a vertical surface on the opposite side. In the gap between adjacent rails 118a, an introduction part 118e for introducing a connecting piece 142 of a cover body 140, which will be described later, is formed on the distal end side of the regulation claw 118d (the side remote from the vertical regulation wall 118b in the circumferential direction), An accommodating portion 118f that accommodates the connecting piece 142 in a locked state is formed between the regulating claw 118d and the vertical regulating wall 111b (on the side circumferentially close to the vertical regulating wall 118b) (see FIG. 9, etc.). Note that the connection mechanism will be described in detail later together with the description of the cover body 140.

The intake valve body 120 is accommodated in an internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 111, and is supported by the valve body 110 so as to be movable in the axial direction so as to be able to open and close the intake port 113. That is, the intake valve body 120 operates to constantly close the intake port 113 and open the intake port 113 when the internal space (piping route) of the valve body 110 changes to negative pressure.

More specifically, the intake valve body 120 includes a closing portion 121 formed into a circular cup shape in plan view, a valve shaft 122 extending upward from the center of the closing portion 121, and an upper end of the valve shaft 122. and a valve-side magnet holding section 123. A valve-side contact surface is formed on the upper surface of the outer peripheral side of the closing portion 121. As shown in FIG. 3, in a cross-sectional view cut along the radial direction, the valve-side contact surface extends linearly with an inclination such that the outer peripheral side is lowered with respect to the axial direction, and diagonally upward (radially facing outward in the direction and upward in the axial direction). That is, the valve-side contact surface faces the valve seat surface of the valve body 110 (the lower surface of the annular packing 115).

As shown in FIG. 3, the valve shaft 122 is arranged on the central axis of the intake port 113, and passes through a shaft hole of a shaft holding portion of the main body side magnet holding portion 116 of the valve body 110. A valve-side magnet holder 123 is provided at the upper end of the valve shaft 122, located above the main body-side magnet holder 116, and whose diameter is enlarged to be larger than the hole diameter of the shaft holder. The valve-side magnet holding portion 123 has a screw hole in the center, and is screwed onto the upper end of the valve shaft 122 through the screw hole. In the valve side magnet holding portion 123, an annular valve side magnet M2 is fitted and held in an annular groove around the screw hole. That is, the valve side magnet M2 is fixed to the tip of the valve shaft 122. The valve side magnet M2 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet. Further, an intermediate magnet holder 124 is fitted onto the valve shaft 122 . The intermediate magnet holder 124 has a shaft hole into which the valve shaft 122 is inserted, and is freely movable in the axial direction with respect to the valve shaft 122 through the shaft hole. In the intermediate magnet holder 124, an annular intermediate magnet M3 is fitted and held in an annular groove around the shaft hole. The intermediate magnet M3 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet.

The intake valve body 120 of this embodiment opens and closes the intake port 113 by the magnetic force of the magnets M1, M2, and M3. Specifically, the main body magnet M1 and the intermediate magnet M3 are arranged so that the same magnetic poles face each other so as to repel each other. Due to the repulsive force between the main body magnet M1 and the intermediate magnet M3, the main body magnet M1 urges the intermediate magnet M3 to float upward in the axial direction. Similarly, the intermediate magnet M3 and the valve side magnet M2 are arranged so that magnetic poles of the same polarity face each other so as to repel each other. Due to the repulsive force between the intermediate magnet M3 and the valve side magnet M2, the intermediate magnet M3 urges the valve side magnet M2 to float upward in the axial direction. The repulsive forces between these magnets M1, M2, and M3 work together to urge the intake valve body 120 to the closed position, and the valve-side contact surface of the closing portion 121 comes into pressure contact with the valve seat surface around the intake port 113. , the intake valve body 120 regularly closes the intake port 113. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 110 becomes negative pressure and a downward force exceeding the magnetic force is applied to the intake valve body 120, the intake valve body 120 moves downward along the axial direction. The valve-side contact surface is separated from the valve seat surface, and the intake port 113 is opened (see FIG. 14). At this time, since the valve shaft 122 moves through the shaft hole of the shaft holding part, the movement of the intake valve body 120 in the axial direction is stably guided by the main body side magnet holding part 116. Note that when outside air is taken into the internal space of the valve body 110 through the intake port 113 and the pressure in the internal space increases, the intake valve body 120 returns to its original closed position due to the magnetic repulsion between the magnets.

The exhaust valve body 130 is fixed to the upper wall 112 so as to cover the annular exhaust port 114 from above (from the outside of the valve body 110). That is, the exhaust valve body 130 operates to constantly close the exhaust port 114 and open the exhaust port 114 when the internal space (piping route) of the valve body 110 changes to positive pressure.

More specifically, the exhaust valve body 130 is made of an annular elastic sheet that is elastically deformable. The exhaust valve body 130 includes a band-shaped closing portion 131 having a width that covers the annular exhaust port 114 . A fixed end portion 132 that is embedded and fixed inside the upper wall 112 is formed on the inner peripheral edge of the band-like closure portion 131. That is, the exhaust valve body 130 is supported by the valve body 110 so as to have a free end on the outer peripheral edge side of the band-shaped closing portion 131. The exhaust valve body 130 has a valve-side contact surface on the lower surface near the outer peripheral edge of the band-shaped closing portion 131. The valve-side contact surface of the band-shaped closing portion 131 contacts the valve seat surface on the upper surface of the outer peripheral edge of the exhaust port 114, so that the exhaust valve body 130 regularly closes the exhaust port 114. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 110 becomes a positive pressure, an upward (outward direction) force acts on the band-shaped closing portion 131 of the exhaust valve body 130. When this force exceeds the force that elastically maintains the original shape, the exhaust valve body 130 is elastically deformed, the free end of the band-shaped closing portion 131 is turned up, and the valve-side contact surface is separated from the valve seat surface, causing the exhaust valve body 130 to be elastically deformed. Mouth 114 is opened (see FIG. 13). Note that when air is expelled from the exhaust port 114 and the pressure in the internal space of the valve body 110 decreases, the exhaust valve body 130 elastically returns to its original closed position. In this embodiment, the exhaust valve body 130 is configured to be less responsive to pressure fluctuations than the intake valve body 120 that uses magnetic force.

As shown in FIG. 6, the valve body 110 has an upper divided body 110-1, an intermediate divided body 110-2, and a lower divided body 110-3 in the axial direction so as to support the intake valve body 120 and the exhaust valve body 130. It is combined with The upper divided body 110-1 is provided with a portion of the upper wall 112, an upper portion of the air intake port 113, and a main body side magnet holding portion 116. The intermediate divided body 110-2 is provided with a portion of the upper wall 112, a lower portion of the intake port 113, and an exhaust port 114. The lower divided body 110-3 is provided with a peripheral wall 111, a connecting portion 118, and a connecting portion 119. The upper divided body 110-1 and the intermediate divided body 110-2 are integrally fixed so that the fixed end portion 132 of the outer peripheral edge of the exhaust valve body 130 is sandwiched between the members. With respect to this first assembly of the upper divided body 110-1 and the intermediate divided body 110-2, the valve shaft 122 of the intake valve body 120 is inserted into the shaft holding part from below in the axial direction, and from above in the axial direction of the shaft holding part. The intermediate magnet holder 124 is inserted onto the valve shaft 122, and the valve-side magnet holder 123 is screwed onto the tip of the valve shaft 122, thereby supporting the intake valve body 120 by the first assembly. By coupling the first assembly to the lower divided body 110-3, two types of valve bodies are formed as a second assembly of the upper divided body 110-1, the intermediate divided body 110-2, and the lower divided body 110-3. A valve body 110 is configured that operably supports 120, 130. The intake and exhaust valve 100 is constructed by detachably attaching the cover body 140 to the valve body 110.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cover body 140 covers the valve body 110 from above in order to protect or dustproof the inside of the valve body 110, the intake valve body 120, and the exhaust valve body 130. That is, the cover body 140 is connected to the valve body 110, covers the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from the outside, and is configured to form the open port 101 open to the outside air.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cover body 140. FIG. 8 is a bottom view and a longitudinal sectional view of the cover body 140. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cover body 140 has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped cover portion 141. As shown in FIGS. The cover portion 141 includes a top wall portion 141a that extends to cover the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from above in the axial direction, and a top wall portion 141a that extends to surround the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The flange portion 141b is provided. When the cover body 140 is attached to the valve body 110, an opening 101 is formed at the tip of the flange portion 141b.

Further, on the inner surface of the cover portion 141, a cover body side mesh sheet attaching portion 145 extending in an arc shape is provided. The cover body side net sheet attachment portion 145 corresponds to the aforementioned main body side net sheet attachment portion 117, and forms a groove that opens downward in the axial direction. The grooves of the cover body side net sheet attachment part 145 and the main body side net sheet attachment part 117 face each other, and when the cover body 140 is attached to the valve body 110, the net sheet is held in a cylindrical shape between them. is possible.

Furthermore, a connecting piece 142 for removably connecting to the valve body 110 is provided on the inner surface of the cover body 140. In this embodiment, three connecting pieces 142 are formed. As shown in FIG. 8(b), the connecting piece 142 includes a shaft portion 142a that extends in a flat plate shape from the inner surface of the top wall portion 141a along the inner wall of the flange portion 141b, and an elastic member that protrudes radially inward at the tip of the shaft portion 142a. It has a displaceable claw portion 142b. The claw portion 142b of the connecting piece 142 extends in the circumferential direction, has an inclined surface on the lower surface, and has an engagement surface on the upper surface that is perpendicular to the shaft portion 142a (extends in the horizontal direction). Further, a guide step portion (guide portion) 143 is formed on the radially outer side of each connecting piece 142. The guide step portion 143 is formed on a rectangular raised lower surface raised from the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 141b. The guide step portion 143 forms a guide surface facing downward in the axial direction. Further, on the inner circumferential surface of the flange portion 141b, an engagement step portion 144 is provided at a position adjacent to the guide step portion 143 in the circumferential direction and retreated upward in the axial direction from the guide surface of the guide step portion 143. The engagement step portion 144 extends horizontally along the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential surface of the flange portion 141b, and forms an engagement surface facing downward in the axial direction. The guide step portion 143 and the engagement step portion 144 are configured to engage with the rail 118a of the valve body 110 from above in the axial direction and to be slidable in the circumferential direction on the upper surface of the rail 118a. Each element described here constitutes a part of the coupling mechanism.

Next, a connection mechanism for connecting the valve body 110 and the cover body 140 will be explained. In the connection mechanism of this embodiment, when attaching the cover body 140 to the valve body 110, the cover body 140 can be attached to the valve body 110 by simply placing the cover body 140 on the upper surface of the valve body 110 and rotating it in one direction. It can be installed in a locking manner. 9 and 10 show the form of the connection mechanism in each step when attaching the valve body 110 and the cover body 140.

Specifically, a guide surface on which the guide stepped portion 143 of the cover body 140 can be placed is formed on the upper surface of the rail 118a of the valve body 110. As shown in FIGS. 9(a) and 10(a), when the cover body 140 is placed on the valve body 110, the connecting piece 142 of the cover body 140 is in a position shifted from the introduction part 118e. , the guide step portion 143 is placed on the rail 118a. Here, a vent communicating with the open port 101 is formed between the rail 118a and the outer surface of the peripheral wall 111 of the valve body 110. Then, when the cover body 140 is rotated in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 9) with respect to the valve body 110, the lower surface of the guide stepped portion 143 slides on the upper surface of the rail 118a, and the connection attached to the guide stepped portion 143 is rotated. Piece 142 is guided into introduction section 118e located in the gap between rails 118a. That is, the introducing portion 118e is opened upward (outside) in the axial direction to allow movement of the claw portion 142b in the axial direction, and forms a space for introducing the claw portion 142b into the housing portion 118f from the circumferential direction. Note that it goes without saying that the connecting piece 142 may be placed directly on the introduction part 118e without placing the guide step part 143 on the rail 118a.

As shown in FIG. 9(b), when the connecting piece 142 moves to the introduction part 118e, the guide stepped part 143 falls from the rail 118a, and the cover body 140 descends in stages in the axial direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 10(b), the engagement step 144 located above the guide step 143 in the axial direction engages with the rail 118a, and the cover body 140 is placed on the valve body 110 at a predetermined height. supported or placed. As shown in FIG. 10(c), in the introduction part 118e, since the upper part of the connecting piece 142 in the axial direction is open, the cover body 140 can be removed from the valve body 110 in the upper part in the axial direction. Moreover, in the introduction part 118e, the position of the claw part 142b of the connecting piece 142 is located lower in the axial direction than the horizontal regulation wall 118c, and is at a position where it can be engaged with the vertical regulation wall 118b and the regulation claw 118d from the circumferential direction. It is located in

When the cover body 140 is further rotated in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 9) with respect to the valve body 110 from the state shown in FIG. 9(b), as shown in FIG. 9(c) and FIG. 10(d), The shaft portion 142a of the connecting piece 142 is elastically deformed radially outward, and the claw portion 142b rides on the inclined surface of the regulating claw 118d. When the claw portion 142b circumferentially overcomes the regulating claw 118d, the connecting piece 142 is accommodated from the introduction portion 118e into the accommodating portion 118f. The regulating claw 118d allows the claw portion 142b to move in one direction (movement from the introduction portion 118e to the accommodating portion 118f), but restricts movement in the other direction (movement from the accommodating portion 118f to the introduction portion 118e). functions.

Alternatively, the claw portion 142b of the connecting piece 142 can move in the axial direction from the outside to the inside of the housing portion 118f and enter the housing portion 118f without passing through the introduction portion 118e. As shown in FIG. 11(a), the connecting piece 142 is placed above the housing portion 118f, and the cover body 140 is pushed down in the axial direction (inward) with respect to the valve body 110. As shown in FIG. 11(b), the inclined surface facing radially inward and axially downward of the claw portion 142b is in contact with the inclined surface or R surface of the horizontal regulating wall 118c, and the horizontal regulating wall 118c is radially outward. The connecting piece 142 can be elastically deformed so as to overcome the above. In other words, the horizontal regulating wall 118c guides the elastic displacement of the claw portion 142b radially outward with its inclined surface or R surface, and prevents the claw portion 142b from moving inward from the outside of the housing portion 118f along the axial direction. is allowed.

As shown in FIGS. 9(d) and 10(e), the shaft portion 142a of the connecting piece 142 elastically returns to its original shape, and the claw portion 142b is positioned in a radial direction relative to the outer surface (outermost protruding surface) of the regulating claw 118d. placed inside. Furthermore, in the housing portion 118f, the claw portion 142b is disposed below the horizontal regulating wall 118c in the axial direction, and the engagement surface of the claw portion 142b can engage with the lower surface of the vertical regulating wall 118b. In other words, the claw portion 142b is axially locked to the vertical restriction wall 118b, thereby restricting the cover body 140 from moving upward in the axial direction from the valve body 110. On the other hand, due to the engagement between the lower surface of the engagement stepped portion 144 of the cover body 140 and the upper surface of the rail 118a of the valve body 110, the cover body 140 is supported at a predetermined mounting height, and the cover body 140 is axially downward with respect to the valve body 110. Movement to is also regulated.

Further, in the housing portion 118f, the claw portion 142b is arranged between the vertical regulating wall 118b and the regulating claw 118d in the circumferential direction. The vertical regulating wall 118b extends in the axial direction on the back side of the housing portion 118f, and can engage with the side end surface of the claw portion 142b from the circumferential direction. In other words, the vertical restriction wall 118b can lock the claw portion 142b that moves in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 9). On the other hand, the regulating claw 118d extends in the axial direction at the boundary between the introducing portion 118e and the accommodating portion 118f, and can engage with the side end surface of the claw portion 142b from the introducing portion 118e side in the circumferential direction. In other words, the vertical surface of the regulating claw 118d locks the claw portion 142b moving in the other direction (clockwise in FIG. 9). That is, in the housing portion 118f, movement of the connecting piece 142 in both circumferential directions is restricted.

That is, the accommodating portion 118f is formed at a predetermined connection (lock) position around the valve body 110, and forms a space for accommodating the claw portion 142b in a locked state. Further, the vertical regulating wall 118b, the horizontal regulating wall 118c, and the regulating claw 118d cooperatively function as a regulating portion that regulates the movement of the claw portion 142b arranged in the housing portion 118f in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. Then, by housing the connecting piece 142 in the housing portion 118f, the cover body 140 is connected to the valve body 110 in a locking manner.

On the other hand, in order to remove the cover body 140 from the valve body 110, the connecting piece 142 is elastically deformed radially outward with a tool or the like, and the cover body 140 is rotated in the other direction (clockwise in FIG. 9). The lock can be released by moving the connecting piece 142 from the housing part 118f to the introduction part 118e. Alternatively, the lock can also be released by elastically deforming the connecting piece 142 radially outward with a tool or the like and pulling the cover body 140 upward in the axial direction so that the claw portion 142b overcomes the horizontal regulating wall 118c. Can be done.

Therefore, in this connection mechanism, the operator can connect the valve body 110 by simply rotating the cover body 140 in one direction by means of the guide means (guide step portion 143 and rail 118a) that guides the connection piece 142 to a predetermined connection position. This makes it possible to attach the cover body 140, and greatly improves the work efficiency in attaching and detaching the cover body 140. In particular, according to the connection mechanism of this embodiment, when holding the cover body 140 by hand and assembling it to the valve body 110, the hand or the cover body 140 itself may get in the way, or due to factors such as the working posture or the surrounding environment. Even if the positional relationship between the claw portion 142b and the accommodating portion 118f cannot be visually confirmed, the cover body 140 can be assembled to the valve body 110 with just the touch of the hand by placing and rotating the cover body 140. . Alternatively, the position of the claw part 142b and the position of the accommodating part 118f of the cover body 140 can be visually recognized from below the cover body 140, or the cover body 140 is transparent so that the claw part 142b and the accommodating part 118f can be visually checked. In such a case, by simply aligning the positions of the horizontal regulating wall 118c and the claw portion 142b (facing each other) and pressing the cover body 140 downward in the axial direction toward the valve body 110, the cover body 140 can be moved toward the valve body 110. can be assembled into. That is, the method of assembling the coupling mechanism of this embodiment can be selected depending on the situation.

Based on the above explanation of each component, the intake and exhaust valve 100 will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3 again.

As shown in FIG. 3, in a steady state (a normal pressure state that is lower than the predetermined positive pressure and higher than the negative pressure at which the valve body operates), the intake port 113 opened at the center in the radial direction is closed by the intake valve body 120. An exhaust port 114 which is closed and has an annular opening on the outside thereof is closed by an exhaust valve body 130. When the internal space of the valve body 110 (the space closer to the piping path than the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114) becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 120 is pushed down and outside air is sucked in from the intake port 113, thereby eliminating the negative pressure. Ru. At this time, the exhaust valve body 130 continues to close the exhaust port 114. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 110 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 130 bends and deforms to exhaust the air in the internal space from the exhaust port 114, thereby eliminating the positive pressure. At this time, the intake valve body 120 continues to close the intake port 113. In this embodiment, the intake valve body 120 is configured to operate with a smaller pressure difference than the exhaust valve body 130 in order to reduce the frequency of exhaust with respect to intake air, so that the initial movement is faster than the exhaust valve body 130.

Further, a cover portion 141 of the cover body 140 covers the upper surface of the valve body 110 in a dome shape or a roof shape so that the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 are not exposed to the outside. In particular, the top wall portion 141a covers the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from above in the axial direction, and the flange portion 141b covers the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. In other words, the cover portion 141 forms a covered space therein that closes the upper surface of the valve body 110 from above in the axial direction. An open opening 101 is formed at the lower end of the flange portion 141b. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, only the peripheral wall 111 of the valve body 110 and the inner surface of the cover portion 141 of the cover body 140 are exposed to the outside through the opening 101. Since the inside and outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100 are ventilated only through the opening 101, the intake opening 113 and the exhaust opening 114 communicate with the outside air through the common opening 101. In this embodiment, the exhaust port 114 is arranged closer to the open port 101 than the intake port 113.

As shown in FIG. 3, inside the cover body 140, an intake flow path 102 extending from the open port 101 to the intake port 113, and an exhaust flow path 103 extending from the exhaust port 114 to the open port 101 are formed. Note that the intake flow path 102 and the exhaust flow path 103 indicate the shortest practical paths from the intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 to the open port 101, respectively, and intake and exhaust do not necessarily occur along these flow paths. do not have. The intake flow path 102 passes from the open port 101 through the annular passage between the flange portion 141b and the peripheral wall 111, passes through the covered space inside the cover portion 141, and reaches the intake port 113. The exhaust flow path 103 passes from the exhaust port 114 through the covered space inside the cover portion 141, passes through the annular passage between the flange portion 141b and the peripheral wall 111, and reaches the open port 101. That is, the intake flow path 102 and the exhaust flow path 103 partially overlap. An exhaust port 114 is arranged in the middle of the intake flow path 102 extending from the open port 101 to the intake port 113.

An air pocket space 105 is formed between the upper wall 112 of the valve body 110 and the cover portion 141 of the cover body 140, in which air from the internal space of the valve body 110 is temporarily retained. The intake port 113 and the exhaust port 114 are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body 110 and the air reservoir space 105. Since the open port 101 is located away from the opening direction of the exhaust port 114 and the exhaust flow path 103 is non-linear, the air is not immediately released to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100 but is effectively distributed inside the cover portion 141. It is possible to keep it in place. In addition, since the intake port 113 opens toward the center of the air pocket space 105 (that is, the radial center region of the cover portion 141), when the negative pressure is eliminated, , it is possible to efficiently suck the air accumulated in the air accumulation space 105 into the internal space of the valve body 110.

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing a drain pipe structure 10 in which the intake and exhaust valve 100 of this embodiment is installed in a piping route. As shown in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, two drain pipes 11 are connected via a drain pipe joint 12 that branches into three directions. The drain pipe joint 12 has three connection ports, two drain pipes 11 are connected to two of the connection ports, and one connection port is open upward. That is, the drain pipe joint 12 is provided with a cylindrical portion 13 that is open to the outside and extends in the axial direction so as to form a communication path that communicates with the inside and outside of the piping material (the drain pipe 11 or the drainage system). An intake/exhaust valve 100 is attached to the hollow cylindrical portion 13 in order to selectively close the communication passage. In the drain pipe structure 10 of this embodiment, the intake/exhaust valve 100 is installed so that its axial direction is along the vertical direction.

Next, the operation of the intake and exhaust valves 100 in the drain pipe structure 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. The pressure of the drain pipe structure 10 frequently fluctuates between positive pressure and negative pressure in response to events such as water being flushed in equipment (such as a bath or toilet) upstream of the piping route.

FIG. 13 shows a configuration in which the piping route of the drain pipe structure 10 is under positive pressure and the exhaust valve body 130 of the intake and exhaust valve 100 is activated to eliminate the positive pressure. As shown in FIG. 13, when the piping route of the drain pipe structure 10 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 130 is pushed by the internal pressure and tilts upward, and the exhaust port 114 is opened. The compressed air in the internal space of the valve body 110 is then discharged to the outside of the valve body 110 through the opened exhaust port 114. This discharge continues until the pressure in the internal space decreases and the exhaust valve body 130 returns to the closed position. The exhaust flow flows from the exhaust port 114 toward the open port 101 along the exhaust flow path 103 shown in FIG. In particular, the odor-laden air within the piping route of the drain pipe structure 10 contains gases lighter than air, such as methane and ammonia. Therefore, the odor-laden air discharged from the piping route tends to rise in the vertical direction, and before it goes to the open port 101 that opens vertically downward, the air with the odor discharged from the piping route reaches the cover that closes the upper surface of the valve body 110. It is presumed that the air is captured by air trap space 141 and stored in air pocket space 104. At least, when this air pocket space 104 is filled with exhaust gas, the air is discharged to the outside from the open port 101.

FIG. 14 shows a configuration in which the piping route of the drain pipe structure 10 has a negative pressure and the intake valve body 120 of the intake/exhaust valve 100 is activated to eliminate the negative pressure. The configuration in FIG. 14 assumes a case where the piping route becomes negative pressure immediately after the positive pressure is eliminated. As shown in FIG. 14, when the piping route of the drain pipe structure 10 becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 120 moves downward and the intake port 113 is opened. Air is then sucked into the internal space of the valve body 110 through the open intake port 113. This suction continues until the pressure in the internal space increases and the intake valve body 120 returns to the closed position. The intake flow takes in air from the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100 from the open port 101 to the intake port 113 along the intake flow path 102 shown in FIG. and make him go. In particular, since the intake port 113 is open toward the air pocket space 105, when the intake valve body 120 is operated, the odor-laden air accumulated in the air pocket space 104 passes through the intake port 113 into the internal space. can be absorbed efficiently. That is, when the intake valve body 120 is operated as shown in FIG. 14 while at least a part of the air discharged from the exhaust port 114 remains in the middle of the exhaust flow path 103 when the positive pressure is released, the air is discharged. Before all of the air is discharged to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 100, it is returned to the interior of the piping path. As a result, in the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, the amount of odor-laden air emitted outside the intake/exhaust valve 100 can be effectively reduced.

Here, an example will be given of pressure fluctuations inside the piping route of an actual drainage system. It has been found that under certain circumstances, positive and negative pressures may alternate between conditions within a piping path. FIG. 25 shows an example of a drainage system installed in a multi-story building. The illustrated drainage system is a five-story building, and each floor is equipped with at least one of a bathtub and a toilet as drainage equipment. For example, in the drainage system shown in Figure 25, if all the bathtubs are drained and the toilets on the 5th and 3rd floors are drained at the same time, the positive pressure and negative pressure will be fine and continuous, as shown in Figure 26. A change in pressure was observed at point P in the lowest branch pipe.

In the drainage system shown in FIG. 25, in order to eliminate the range of fluctuation in pressure that continuously changes between positive pressure and negative pressure, as shown in FIG. Intake and exhaust valves may be installed through. Alternatively, although FIG. 12 shows an example in which the intake and exhaust valves 100 are connected to the drain pipe joint 12, the configuration is not limited to that shown in FIG. The intake/exhaust valve 100 may be attached to a cylindrical portion at the end of the ventilation pipe (indicated as P' in FIG. 25) and used outdoors. In other words, a straight vent pipe is provided between the drain pipe joint and the intake/exhaust valve, and the drain pipe joint and the intake/exhaust valve are indirectly connected by the vent pipe. Note that the intake/exhaust valve and the cylindrical portion may be connected by external fitting or internal fitting.

However, under such circumstances, the intake valve body and exhaust valve body of the intake and exhaust valve operate continuously and frequently, so for example, in the conventional intake and exhaust valve such as Patent Document 1, the inside of the drain pipe structure The odor-laden internal air continued to be discharged to the outside of the intake and exhaust valves, and it was inevitable that the room would be filled with a large amount of odor. On the other hand, in the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, under such a situation, the exhaust valve body 130 and the intake valve body 120 operate continuously without any interruption, and the exhaust valve body 130 and the intake valve body 120 operate continuously without any interruption. The discharged internal air is immediately sucked in from the intake port 113 repeatedly. Therefore, the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment can operate more effectively to prevent odor leakage in a situation where positive pressure and negative pressure alternate frequently.

Hereinafter, the effects of the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

According to the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment, the intake flow path 102 extending from the open port 101 to the intake port 113 and the intake channel 102 formed inside the cover body 140 and extending from the exhaust port 114 to the open port 101 are formed inside the cover body 140. The exhaust flow paths 103 extending up to It is characterized by being arranged at the boundary between the space and the air pocket space 105 inside the cover body 140. In particular, in a situation where positive pressure and negative pressure are exchanged minutely depending on the situation inside the piping route of the drain pipe 11, the positive pressure and negative pressure are continuously eliminated by alternately operating the exhaust valve body 130 and the intake valve body 120. It is possible. Then, the odor-laden internal air (in the piping route) that was discharged from the exhaust port 114 during positive pressure is returned to the piping route from the intake port 113, which was opened by the intake valve body 120 immediately after the positive pressure was released. taken back inside. That is, the intake/exhaust valve 100 and the drain pipe structure 10 of the present embodiment allow the air to remain inside the cover body 140 together with the outside air flowing in through the opening 101 when the intake valve body 120 operates to eliminate negative pressure. By sucking the internal air through the intake port 113, it is possible to effectively reduce the amount of exhausted internal air accompanied by odors.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and may take various other embodiments and modifications. Hereinafter, other embodiments and modified examples of the present invention will be described. In each of the different embodiments, constituent elements having the same last two digits among the constituent elements indicated by three digits have the same or similar features unless otherwise specified, and the explanation thereof will be partially omitted.

[Second embodiment]
15 to 19 show an intake and exhaust valve 200 of a second embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, the intake and exhaust valve 200 includes a valve body 210 connected to a piping path, an intake valve body 220 that operates to eliminate negative internal pressure of the valve body 210, and An exhaust valve body 230 that operates to eliminate positive internal pressure of the valve body 210, and a cover body 240 attached to the valve body 210 so as to cover and protect the intake valve body 220 and the exhaust valve body 230. Equipped with. In the intake/exhaust valve 200 of this embodiment, unlike the intake/exhaust valve 100 of the first embodiment, the exhaust port and the intake port are shared as the intake/exhaust port 2134, and the exhaust valve body 230 is provided on the intake valve body 220. In other words, the intake/exhaust port 2134 includes an exhaust port area and an intake port area.

The valve body 210 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends open and extending in the axial direction. The valve body 210 includes a peripheral wall 211 that surrounds the internal space in the axial direction, and an upper wall 212 that extends radially inward from the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 211. A connecting portion 219 for connecting to the cylindrical portion 23 (see FIGS. 18 and 18) of the drain pipe structure 20 is provided at the lower portion of the peripheral wall 211.

The upper wall 212 extends to close the internal space from above in the axial direction, and has an outer surface facing the outside air and an inner surface facing the internal space. The lower surface of the upper wall 212 functions as a valve seat for receiving the intake valve body 220. At the radial center of the upper wall 212, an intake/exhaust port 2134 is provided that communicates the inside and outside of the valve body 210. In this embodiment, the intake/exhaust port 2134 serves as both an intake port and an exhaust port. In other words, the valve body 210 has an intake port and an exhaust port as the intake and exhaust ports 2134 . The intake/exhaust port 2134 is a circular opening formed at the center of the upper wall 212 in the radial direction. The intake and exhaust ports 2134 are open upward in the axial direction. A valve seat surface for the intake valve body 220 is defined on the lower surface of the periphery of the intake/exhaust port 2134 of the upper wall 212 . The intake/exhaust port 2134 is constantly closed by both the intake valve body 220 and the exhaust valve body 230. According to the operation of the intake valve body 220, the intake/exhaust port 2134 is opened, and air is sucked into the internal space from the outside of the valve body 210 through the intake/exhaust port 2134. On the other hand, the intake/exhaust port 2134 is opened according to the operation of the exhaust valve body 230, and air is exhausted from the internal space of the valve body 210 to the outside via the intake/exhaust port 2134.

Furthermore, a body-side magnet holding portion 216 for holding the body-side magnet M1 is provided approximately in the radial center of the peripheral wall 211. The main body magnet holding portion 216 holds the main body magnet M1 by three beam-shaped portions extending from the inner circumferential surface of the peripheral wall 211 toward the center in the radial direction. Further, a shaft holder is provided at the radial center of the main body side magnet holder 216, which penetrates vertically and through which the valve shaft 222 of the intake valve body 220 is slidably inserted. That is, the shaft holding portion has a shaft hole. In the main body side magnet holding section 216, an annular main body side magnet M1 is fitted and held in a groove around the shaft holding section. The main body side magnet M1 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet, and functions to apply a repulsive force to a valve side magnet M2, which will be described later.

A connecting portion 218 for attaching the cover body 240 to the valve body 210 is provided on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall 211. The connecting portion 218 is a beam extending radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 211, and is configured to place and hold the cover 240 thereon.

The intake valve body 220 is accommodated in an internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 211, and is supported by the valve body 210 so as to be able to open and close the intake/exhaust port 2134 and move along the axial direction. That is, the intake valve body 220 constantly closes the intake and exhaust ports 2134, and moves axially downward when the internal space (piping route) of the valve body 210 changes to negative pressure, as shown in FIG. The intake/exhaust port 2134 is opened and the intake/exhaust port 2134 functions as an intake port.

More specifically, the intake valve body 220 includes a closing portion 221 formed in a circular dish-like and annular shape in plan view, a valve shaft 222 extending downward at the center of the closing portion 221, and a valve shaft 222 at the upper end of the valve shaft 222. and a valve-side magnet holding portion 223 formed therein. A valve-side contact surface is formed on the upper surface of the outer peripheral side of the closing portion 221. As shown in FIG. 17, the valve-side contact surface faces the valve seat surface of the valve body 210. As shown in FIG. 17, the valve shaft 222 is arranged on the central axis of the intake/exhaust port 2134, and passes through the shaft holding portion of the main body side magnet holding portion 216 of the valve body 210. A valve-side magnet holder 223 is provided at the upper end of the valve shaft 222 so as to be located above the main body-side magnet holder 216 . That is, the valve side magnet M2 is fixed to the tip of the valve shaft 222. The valve side magnet M2 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet. The intake valve body 220 of this embodiment opens and closes the intake/exhaust port 2134 by the magnetic repulsion of the magnets M1 and M2. Furthermore, an opening 225 is provided at the center of the closing portion 221 of the intake valve body 220 to allow the intake and exhaust port 2134 to function as an exhaust port. The opening 225 is always closed by the exhaust valve body 230.

The exhaust valve body 230 is arranged above the closing portion 221 of the intake valve body 220 so as to cover the opening 225 of the intake valve body 220 from above (from the outside of the valve body 210). The exhaust valve body 230 includes a plate-shaped closing part 231 that covers the opening 225 (exhaust port region), and a valve shaft 232 extending downward from the center of the plate-shaped closing part 231. The exhaust valve body 230 constantly closes the intake/exhaust port 2134 in cooperation with the intake valve body 220 by closing the opening 225 in the closed position. As shown in FIG. 18, when the internal space (piping route) of the valve body 210 changes to positive pressure, the intake valve body 220 rises from the closing part 221 and opens the intake and exhaust ports 2134 together with the opening 225. It operates so that the intake/exhaust port 2134 functions as an exhaust port.

As shown in FIG. 17, the cover body 240 covers the valve body 210 from above in order to protect or dustproof the inside of the valve body 210, the intake valve body 220, and the exhaust valve body 230. That is, the cover body 240 is connected to the valve body 210, covers the intake/exhaust port 2134 from the outside, and is configured to form the open port 201 open to the outside air. The cover body 240 has a dome-shaped or roof-shaped cover portion 241. The cover portion 241 includes a top wall portion 241a that extends to cover the intake/exhaust port 2134 from above in the axial direction, and a flange portion 241b that extends to surround the intake/exhaust port 2134 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Equipped with. With the cover body 240 attached to the valve body 210, an open port 201 is formed at the tip of the flange portion 241b.

That is, the intake/exhaust valve 200 includes a connecting portion 219 connected to the piping route, an intake port (intake/exhaust port 2134) for taking outside air into the piping route, and an exhaust port (intake/exhaust port 2134) for discharging exhaust gas from the piping route. The valve body 210 has an intake/exhaust port 2134), and the intake port (intake/exhaust port 2134) is constantly closed, and the intake port (intake/exhaust port 2134) is opened when the piping path changes to negative pressure. An intake valve body 220 that operates, and an exhaust valve that operates to constantly close an exhaust port (intake/exhaust port 2134) and open the exhaust port (intake/exhaust port 2134) when the piping path changes to positive pressure. a cover body 240 that is connected to the valve body 210, covers the intake port (intake/exhaust port 2134) and the exhaust port (intake/exhaust port 2134) from the outside, and forms the open port 201 that is open to the outside air. Be prepared.

As shown in FIG. 17, in a steady state, the intake/exhaust port 2134, which is open at the center in the radial direction, is closed by the intake valve body 220 and the exhaust valve body 230. When the internal space of the valve body 210 (the space closer to the piping path than the intake/exhaust port 2134) becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 220 is pushed down to suck in outside air from the intake/exhaust port 2134, thereby eliminating the negative pressure. At this time, the exhaust valve body 230 moves integrally with the intake valve body 220 while keeping the opening 225 closed. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 210 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 230 rises relative to the intake valve body 220, and the air in the internal space is discharged from the opening 225 and the intake/exhaust port 2134, thereby eliminating the positive pressure. Ru. At this time, the intake valve body 220 is urged to come into contact with the valve seat surface of the valve body 210.

As shown in FIG. 17, inside the cover body 240, an intake flow path 202 extending from the open port 201 to the intake/exhaust port 2134, and an exhaust flow path 203 extending from the intake/exhaust port 2134 to the open port 201 are formed. . Note that the intake flow path 202 and the exhaust flow path 203 indicate the shortest practical path from the intake/exhaust port 2134 to the open port 201, and intake and exhaust do not necessarily occur along these flow paths. The intake flow path 202 passes from the open port 201 through the annular passage between the flange portion 241b and the peripheral wall 211, passes through the covered space inside the cover portion 241, and reaches the intake/exhaust port 2134. The exhaust flow path 203 passes from the intake/exhaust port 2134 through the covered space inside the cover portion 241, passes through the annular passage between the flange portion 241b and the peripheral wall 211, and reaches the open port 201. That is, the intake flow path 202 and the exhaust flow path 203 almost completely overlap.

Between the upper wall 212 of the valve body 210 and the cover portion 241 of the cover body 240, an air pocket space 205 is formed inside, in which air from the internal space of the valve body 210 is temporarily retained. An intake/exhaust port 2134 functioning as an intake port and an exhaust port is arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body 210 and the air reservoir space 205. Since the open port 201 is located away from the opening direction of the intake/exhaust port 2134 and the exhaust flow path 203 is non-linear, the air is not immediately released outside the intake/exhaust valve 200 but flows into the cover portion 241. It can be held effectively. In addition, since the intake/exhaust port 2134 opens toward the center portion of the air pocket space 205 (that is, the radially central region of the cover portion 141), the air pocket space 205 It is possible to efficiently suck the air accumulated in the valve body 210 into the internal space of the valve body 210.

FIG. 18 shows a configuration in which the piping route of the drain pipe structure 20 is under positive pressure and the exhaust valve body 230 of the intake and exhaust valve 200 is activated to eliminate the positive pressure. As shown in FIG. 18, when the piping route of the drain pipe structure 20 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 230 is pushed by the internal pressure and floats upward, opening the intake/exhaust port 2134 (exhaust port area). Then, the compressed air in the internal space of the valve body 210 is released to the outside of the valve body 210 through the opened intake/exhaust port 2134. This discharge continues until the pressure in the internal space decreases and the exhaust valve body 230 returns to the closed position. The exhaust flow flows from the air intake/exhaust port 2134 toward the open port 201 along the exhaust flow path 203 shown in FIG. At least, when this air pocket space 204 is filled with exhaust gas, the air is discharged to the outside from the open port 201.

FIG. 19 shows a configuration in which the piping route of the drain pipe structure 20 has a negative pressure and the intake valve body 220 of the intake/exhaust valve 200 is activated to eliminate the negative pressure. The configuration in FIG. 19 assumes a case where the piping route becomes negative pressure immediately after the positive pressure is eliminated. As shown in FIG. 19, when the piping route of the drain pipe structure 20 becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 220 moves downward and the intake/exhaust port 2134 (intake port region) is opened. Then, air is sucked into the internal space of the valve body 210 through the open intake/exhaust port 2134. This suction continues until the pressure in the internal space increases and the intake valve body 220 returns to the closed position. The intake flow takes in air from the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 200 from the open port 201 to the intake/exhaust port 2134 along the intake flow path 202 shown in FIG. Head to 2134. In particular, since the intake/exhaust port 2134 is open toward the air pocket space 205, when the intake valve body 220 is operated, odor-laden air accumulated in the air pocket space 2104 is transferred to the internal space through the intake/exhaust port 2134. can be effectively sucked into. In other words, when the intake valve body 220 operates as shown in FIG. 19 while at least a portion of the air discharged when the positive pressure is released remains in the exhaust flow path 203, all of the discharged air is removed. Before being discharged to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 200, it is returned to the inside of the piping path. As a result, in the drain pipe structure 20 of this embodiment, the amount of odor-laden air emitted to the outside of the intake and exhaust valves 200 can be effectively reduced.

[Third embodiment]
20 to 24 show an intake and exhaust valve 300 of a third embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the intake and exhaust valve 300 includes a valve body 310 connected to a piping path, an intake valve body 320 that operates to eliminate negative internal pressure of the valve body 310, and An exhaust valve body 330 that operates to eliminate positive internal pressure of the valve body 310, and a cover body 340 that is attached to the valve body 310 so as to cover and protect the intake valve body 320 and the exhaust valve body 330. Equipped with. The intake and exhaust valve 300 of this embodiment is different from the intake and exhaust valve 100 of the first embodiment in the positional relationship and shape of each component.

The valve body 310 has a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends open and extending in the axial direction. The valve body 310 includes a peripheral wall 311 that surrounds the internal space in the axial direction, and an upper wall 312 that extends radially inward from the upper end portion of the peripheral wall 311. A connecting portion 319 for connecting to the cylindrical portion 33 (see FIGS. 23 and 23) of the drain pipe structure 30 is provided at the lower portion of the peripheral wall 311.

The upper wall 312 extends longitudinally so as to close the inner space from above in the axial direction, and has an outer surface facing the outside air and an inner surface facing the inner space. The lower and upper surfaces of the upper wall 312 function as valve seats for receiving the intake valve body 320 and the exhaust valve body 330, respectively. As shown in FIG. 22, the upper wall 312 is provided with an intake port 313 and an exhaust port 314 that communicate the inside and outside of the valve body 310. The intake port 313 is a circular opening formed in a region on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the upper wall 312. The intake port 313 is open upward in the axial direction. The intake port 313 is constantly closed by an intake valve body 320. In accordance with the operation of the intake valve body 320, the intake port 313 is opened, and air is sucked into the internal space from the outside of the valve body 310 through the intake port 313. On the other hand, the exhaust port 314 is a circular opening formed in a region on the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the upper wall 312, as shown in FIG. 21(d). The exhaust port 314 is open upward in the axial direction. The exhaust port 314 is divided into a plurality of openings by beams extending radially in the radial direction. The exhaust port 314 is constantly closed by an exhaust valve body 330. According to the operation of the exhaust valve body 330, the exhaust port 314 is opened, and air is exhausted from the internal space of the valve body 310 to the outside through the exhaust port 314.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 21(a), a main body side magnet holding portion 316 for holding the main body side magnet M1 is provided approximately in the radial center of the intake port 313. Similar to the first embodiment, the main body side magnet M1 is made of a permanent magnet such as a neodymium magnet, and functions to exert a repulsive force on the valve side magnet M2 and the intermediate magnet M3. On the other hand, at approximately the center in the radial direction of the exhaust port 314, as shown in FIG. 21(d), an annular body 314a for inserting and holding the valve shaft 332 of the exhaust valve body 330 is provided. The annular body 314a is supported at the center of the exhaust port 314 by four beam-like bodies 314b extending from the inner peripheral surface of the exhaust port 314.

The intake valve body 320 is accommodated in an internal space surrounded by the peripheral wall 311, and is supported by the valve body 310 so as to be movable in the axial direction so as to be able to open and close the intake port 313. That is, the intake valve body 320 operates to constantly close the intake port 313 and open the intake port 313 when the internal space (piping route) of the valve body 110 changes to negative pressure. The configuration of the intake valve body 320 is the same as that in the first embodiment, and its explanation will be omitted.

The exhaust valve body 330 is supported by the upper wall 312 so as to cover the exhaust port 314 from above (from the outside of the valve body 310). That is, the exhaust valve body 330 operates to constantly close the exhaust port 314 and open the intake port 313 when the internal space (piping route) of the valve body 310 changes to positive pressure.

More specifically, the exhaust valve body 330 includes a plate-shaped closing part 331 that covers the exhaust port 314, and a valve shaft 332 extending downward from the center of the plate-shaped closing part 331. The valve shaft 332 is inserted into the annular body at the center of the exhaust port 3114 and is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. Then, the exhaust valve body 330 regularly closes the exhaust port 314 in the vertical direction due to gravity. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 310 becomes a positive pressure, an upward (outward direction) force acts on the plate-shaped closing portion 321 of the exhaust valve body 330. When this force exceeds gravity, the exhaust valve body 330 floats upward in the axial direction, the valve-side contact surface is separated from the valve seat surface, and the exhaust port 314 is opened (see FIG. 23). Note that when the pressure in the internal space of the valve body 310 decreases by expelling air from the exhaust port 314, the exhaust valve body 330 vertically descends under the action of gravity and returns to its original closed position.

The cover body 340 covers the valve body 310 from above in order to protect or dustproof the inside of the valve body 310, the intake valve body 320, and the exhaust valve body 330. That is, the cover body 340 is connected to the valve body 310, covers the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from the outside, and is configured to form the open port 301 that is open to the outside air.

As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the cover body 340 includes a roof-like cover portion 341 having an oval shape in plan view. The cover portion 341 includes a top wall portion 341a that extends in a flat plate shape so as to cover the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from above in the axial direction, and surrounds the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The flange portion 341b extends as shown in FIG. A portion of the tip edge of the flange portion 341b is integrally connected to the valve body 310, and an open port 301 is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction.

As shown in FIG. 22, in a steady state, the intake port 313 opened at the center in the radial direction is closed by the intake valve body 320, and the exhaust port 314 disposed adjacent to the intake port 313 is closed by the exhaust valve body 330. ing. When the internal space of the valve body 310 (the space closer to the piping path than the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314) becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 320 is pushed down and outside air is sucked in from the intake port 313, thereby eliminating the negative pressure. Ru. At this time, the exhaust valve body 330 continues to close the exhaust port 314. On the other hand, when the internal space of the valve body 310 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 330 floats up and exhausts the air in the internal space from the exhaust port 314, thereby eliminating the positive pressure. At this time, the intake valve body 320 continues to close the intake port 313.

Further, a cover portion 341 of the cover body 340 covers the air intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 in a roof shape so that they are not exposed to the outside. In particular, the top wall portion 341a covers the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from above in the axial direction, and the flange portion 341b covers the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. In other words, the cover portion 341 forms a covered space therein that closes the upper surface of the valve body 310 from above in the axial direction. An open opening 301 is formed at the lower end of the flange portion 341b on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the cover body 340. The exhaust port 314 is covered by a cover body 340 so as not to be exposed to the outside. Since the inside and outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300 are ventilated only through the open port 301, the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 communicate with the outside air through the common open port 301. In this embodiment, the intake port 313 is arranged closer to the open port 301 than the exhaust port 314 .

Inside the cover body 340, as shown in FIG. 22, an intake flow path 302 extending from the open port 301 to the intake port 313, and an exhaust flow path 303 extending from the exhaust port 314 to the open port 301 are formed. Note that the intake flow path 302 and the exhaust flow path 303 indicate the shortest practical paths from the intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 to the open port 301, respectively, and intake and exhaust do not necessarily occur along these flow paths. do not have. The intake flow path 302 extends from the open port 301 to the intake port 313 through the covered space inside the cover portion 141 . The exhaust flow path 303 passes from the exhaust port 314 through the covered space inside the cover portion 341, passes over the intake port 313, and reaches the open port 301. That is, the intake flow path 302 and the exhaust flow path 303 partially overlap. An intake port 313 is arranged in the middle of the exhaust flow path 303 extending from the exhaust port 314 to the open port 301.

Between the upper wall 312 of the valve body 310 and the cover portion 341 of the cover body 340, an air pocket space 305 is formed inside, in which air from the internal space of the valve body 310 is temporarily retained. The intake port 313 and the exhaust port 314 are arranged at the boundary between the internal space of the valve body 310 and the air reservoir space 305. Since the open port 301 is located away from the opening direction of the exhaust port 314 and the exhaust flow path 303 is non-linear, the air is not immediately released to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300 but is effectively distributed inside the cover portion 341. It is possible to keep it in place. Furthermore, since the intake port 313 is disposed between the exhaust port 314 and the open port 301, the air accumulated in the air storage space 305 can be efficiently removed from the internal space of the valve body 310 before exiting from the open port 301. It is possible to aspirate.

FIG. 23 shows a configuration in which the piping route of the drain pipe structure 30 is under positive pressure and the exhaust valve body 330 of the intake and exhaust valve 300 is activated to eliminate the positive pressure. As shown in FIG. 23, when the piping route of the drain pipe structure 20 becomes positive pressure, the exhaust valve body 330 is pushed by the internal pressure and floats upward, and the exhaust port 314 is opened. Then, the compressed air in the internal space of the valve body 310 is discharged to the outside of the valve body 310 through the opened exhaust port 314 . This discharge continues until the pressure in the interior space decreases and the exhaust valve body 330 returns to the closed position. The exhaust flow flows from the exhaust port 314 toward the open port 301 along the exhaust flow path 303 shown in FIG. At least, when this air pocket space 304 is filled with exhaust gas, the air is discharged to the outside from the open port 301. In this embodiment, since the distance between the exhaust port 314 and the open port 301 is relatively long, the air discharged from the internal space can be retained in the air trap space 304 for a long time.

FIG. 24 shows a configuration in which the piping route of the drain pipe structure 30 has a negative pressure and the intake valve body 320 of the intake/exhaust valve 300 is activated to eliminate the negative pressure. The form of FIG. 24 assumes a case where the piping route becomes negative pressure immediately after the positive pressure is eliminated. As shown in FIG. 24, when the piping route of the drain pipe structure 30 becomes negative pressure, the intake valve body 320 moves downward and the intake port 313 is opened. Air is then sucked into the internal space of the valve body 310 through the open intake port 313. This suction continues until the pressure in the internal space increases and the intake valve body 320 returns to the closed position. The intake flow takes in air from outside the intake/exhaust valve 300 from the open port 301 to the intake port 313 along the intake flow path 302 shown in FIG. and make him go. Since the exhaust flow path 303 passes above the intake port 313, internal air is likely to be captured by the intake port 313 before being exhausted from the open port 301. In other words, when the intake valve body 320 operates as shown in FIG. 24 while at least a portion of the air discharged when the positive pressure is released remains in the exhaust flow path 303, all of the discharged air is removed. Before being discharged to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300, it is returned to the inside of the piping path. As a result, in the drain pipe structure 30 of this embodiment, the amount of odor-laden air emitted to the outside of the intake/exhaust valve 300 can be effectively reduced.

[Modified example]
(1) The intake and exhaust valve of the present invention can be applied not only to drainage systems but also to various uses that suppress pressure fluctuations inside piping routes. For example, intake and exhaust valves may be installed in other structures such as water pipes, gas pipes, etc., as necessary.

(2) In this embodiment, the intake valve body of the intake/exhaust valve is urged in the closing direction by the repulsive force of the magnet, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the biasing of the valve body may be performed by other mechanisms, such as a spring, within the scope of the present invention. Alternatively, both the intake valve body and the exhaust valve body may be made of elastic sheet pieces like the exhaust valve body 130 of the first embodiment.

(3) The intake and exhaust valve of the present invention is not limited to the shape and dimensions of the above embodiment, but can be modified to various shapes and dimensions. For example, the peripheral wall of the valve body may be bent, and the axis on the upper wall side of the valve body and the axis of the connecting portion may extend in different directions. Further, the opening does not need to be formed between the valve body and the cover body, and may be, for example, a through hole formed in the cover body.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments and modifications described above, but can be implemented in various forms within the technical scope of the present invention. That is, within the technical scope of the present invention, some of the configurations of this embodiment may be omitted or modified, or other configurations may be added.

[Problem to be solved by the invention related to the divisional application and means to solve it]
Further inventions are extracted from the above embodiments and are appended here. The technical idea related to the above-mentioned connection mechanism can be applied not only to intake and exhaust valves but also to ventilation devices in general, including intake valves, exhaust valves, and the like. In other words, when assembling the attaching body (corresponding to the cover body of the above embodiment) to the attached body (corresponding to the valve body of the above embodiment) by locking it in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction, the attaching body It is necessary to arrange the engaging portion (corresponding to the connecting piece and claw portion of the above embodiment) at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction where it can engage with the engaged portion of the attached body. There has been a problem in that the work of circumferentially aligning the attachment body with respect to the attachment target is particularly difficult when the positional relationship between both the engaging portion and the engaged portion cannot be visually observed. In order to solve the problem, several configurations listed below are presented.

[Configuration 1]
A connection structure of an attaching body and an attached body,
An attached body (valve body 110) having a cylindrical outer circumferential surface and an engaged portion (horizontal regulating wall 118c) formed on the outer circumferential surface, and an engaging portion that engages with the engaged portion. an attaching body (cover body 140) that has a claw portion 142d and is fixed to the attached body by engaging with the engaged portion;
The attached body and the attached body are rotatable relative to each other about the cylindrical axis of the attached body while being guided so as not to displace the relative position of the axis in the axial direction. A guide portion (rail 118a) that makes sliding contact is provided along the cylindrical outer circumferential surface,
At least one of the engaging portion and the engaged portion is elastically deformable in the radial direction of the cylinder of the attached body, and the attached body and the attached body are relatively aligned with the axis. When brought close to each other in the axial direction, it is elastically deformed, and elastically returns to the engagement position, so that both engagement parts engage.
At the engagement position of both the engaging parts, a regulating part (vertical regulating wall 118b, regulating claw 118d) regulating relative rotation about the cylindrical axis of the attached body is provided,
A part of the guide part in the circumferential direction is missing, and the missing part (the gap between the rails 118a) is a position (axially external position of the accommodating part 118f) that allows approaching in the axial direction. , a connection structure characterized in that the two engaging portions are located at a position (inside the housing portion 118f) that allows the engaging portions to be engaged by approaching each other in the axial direction.

In configuration 1 above, when the attaching body and the attached body are rotated relative to each other so as to slide along the guide portion, the engaging portion is guided to the missing portion. A connecting position where the engaging part is arranged in a position that allows the missing part to approach in the axial direction and engages with the engaged part (a position where both engaging parts can be engaged by approaching in the axial direction) ). That is, it is possible to easily connect the attaching body to the attached body even if the positional relationship between the engaging part and the engaged part cannot be confirmed. This configuration 1 embodies a configuration in which the claw portion 142b climbs over the horizontal regulating wall 118c and enters the accommodating portion 118f along the axial direction (see FIG. 11) in the connection mechanism of the first embodiment. In this configuration, the configuration that allows movement in the circumferential direction from the introduction part 118e to the accommodating part 118f may be omitted.

[Configuration 2]
A connection structure of an attaching body and an attached body,
The attached body (valve main body 110) has a cylindrical outer circumferential surface and has a protruding engaged portion (vertical regulating wall 118b, regulating claw 118d) formed on the outer circumferential surface; It has a cylindrical part (peripheral wall 111) to be inserted, and an engaging part (claw part 142b) that engages with the engaged part is on the tip side of an elastic piece (connecting piece 142) that elastically deforms in the radial direction of the cylindrical part. ) is formed (cover body 140),
On both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the engaged portion in the circumferential direction, there are regulating walls (vertical regulating walls) that restrict the engaging portion from disengaging in the circumferential direction from the engagement portion with the engaged portion. 118b, a regulating claw 118d), and at least one of the regulating walls is provided with an inclined surface (an inclined surface of the regulating claw 118d) that elastically deforms to receive the engaging portion from the circumferential outside of the engaged portion. ) is formed,
In the axial direction of the cylindrical portion, before the position where the inclined surface and the engaging portion match (the axial position of the introducing portion 118e) in the insertion direction of the attached body, and before the inclined surface is overcome. Relative rotation of the attaching body and the attached body about the axis of the cylindrical part with the relative positions in the axial direction fixed (or not displaced) except for the position (introduction part 118e) A connection structure characterized by being provided with a sliding contact portion (rail 118a) that allows movement.

In configuration 2, when the attaching body and the attached body are rotated relative to each other via the sliding portion, the engaging portion is guided to a position matching the inclined surface. The engaging portion is arranged at a position that matches the inclined surface, and is moved to the engaged portion between the pair of regulating walls by climbing over the inclined surface. That is, even if the positional relationship between the engaging part and the engaged part cannot be confirmed, it is possible to easily connect the attaching body to the attached body. This configuration 2 is an embodiment of the connection mechanism of the first embodiment in which the claw portion 142b overcomes the regulating claw 118d and enters the accommodation portion 118f along the circumferential direction (see FIG. 9), In this configuration, the configuration that allows entry into the accommodating portion 118f in the axial direction may be omitted.

[Configuration 3]
A connection mechanism for lockingly connecting an attaching body to an attaching body having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface,
a shaft portion protruding from the attachment body toward the attachment body; and a connecting piece having a claw portion that extends from the shaft portion and is elastically displaceable;
an accommodating portion formed at a predetermined position around the attached body and forming a space for accommodating the claw portion in a locked state;
A space is provided that is connected to the accommodating part in the circumferential direction, is open to the outside in the axial direction to allow movement of the claw part in the axial direction, and is used to introduce the claw part into the accommodating part from the circumferential direction. an introduction to form;
formed on the adherend, restricting movement of the claw in the axial direction and circumferential direction when the claw is placed in the accommodating part, and the claw is arranged in the introduction part; a regulating part that sometimes allows the claw part to move from the introducing part to the accommodating part;
a plurality of rails that extend along the circumferential direction from the peripheral wall of the attached body and are spaced apart from each other so as to form a gap at the positions of the accommodating part and the introducing part;
The cover body is formed so as to abut the rail from the axial direction in a state where the position of the connecting piece and the position of the introduction part are shifted in the circumferential direction, and the cover body is slid on the rail in the circumferential direction, A connection mechanism comprising: a guide portion that guides the connection piece to the introduction portion.

In configuration 3 above, the connection mechanism guides the connection piece to the introduction part by means of guide means (guide part and rail) that guides the connection piece to a predetermined connection position, and the claw part of the connection piece disposed in the introduction part. is moved in the circumferential direction into the housing part via the restriction part (which allows movement from the introduction part to the housing part), and the claw part is arranged in a locked state in the housing part by the restriction part, so that the attachment body can be assembled onto an object to be attached. Even if the positional relationship between the connecting piece and the introduction part cannot be confirmed, it is possible to easily connect the attaching body to the attached body. In other words, the connection mechanism allows the cover body to be attached to the attached body simply by rotating the cover body, thereby greatly improving work efficiency in attaching and detaching the attached body.

[Configuration 4]
In configuration 3, the regulating portion includes a horizontal regulating wall that extends in the circumferential direction on the outer side in the axial direction of the accommodating portion and restricts movement of the claw portion disposed in the accommodating portion to the outer side in the axial direction, The horizontal regulating wall may be configured to allow the claw portion to move in the axial direction from the outside to the inside of the accommodating portion.

10 Drain pipe structure 11 Drain pipe 12 Drain pipe joint 13 Cylindrical portion 100 Intake/exhaust valve 101 Opening port 102 Intake flow path 103 Exhaust flow path 105 Air pocket space 110 Valve body 111 Peripheral wall 112 Upper wall 113 Intake port 114 Exhaust port 115 Annular packing 116 Main body side magnet holding part 117 Main body side net sheet attaching part 118 Connecting part 118a Rail 118b Vertical regulating wall (regulating part)
118c Horizontal regulation wall (regulation part)
118d Regulation claw (regulation part)
118e Introduction part 118f Housing part 119 Connection part 120 Intake valve body 121 Closing part 122 Valve stem 123 Valve side magnet holding part 124 Intermediate magnet holding body 130 Exhaust valve body 131 Band-shaped closing part 132 Fixed end part 140 Cover body 141 Cover part 141a Top Wall portion 141b Flange portion 142 Connecting piece 142a Shaft portion 142b Claw portion 143 Guide step portion 144 Engagement step portion 145 Cover body side net sheet attachment portion M1 Body side magnet M2 Valve side magnet M3 Intermediate magnet

Claims (4)

A connection structure of an attaching body and an attached body,
an attached body having a cylindrical outer circumferential surface and an engaged portion formed on the outer circumferential surface, and an engaging portion that engages with the engaged portion; an attaching body that is fixed to the attached body by fitting together,
The axial center of the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical object is guided to the adherend and the affixed object so that the relative position in the axial direction of the axial center of the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical object is not displaced. A guide portion that slides into contact with the shaft so as to be relatively rotatable as a shaft is provided along the cylindrical outer peripheral surface,
At least one of the engaging portion and the engaged portion is elastically deformable in the radial direction of the cylinder of the attached body, and the attached body and the attached body are relatively aligned with the axis. When brought close to each other in the axial direction, it is elastically deformed, and elastically returns to the engagement position, so that both engagement parts engage.
At the engagement position of both the engagement parts, a regulation part is provided for regulating relative rotation of the cylinder of the attached body about the axis,
A portion of the guide portion in the circumferential direction is missing, and the missing portion is a position that allows the guide portion to approach in the axial direction, and also allows engagement by approaching the engaging portions in the axial direction. A connected structure characterized by being in a position. A connection structure of an attaching body and an attached body,
The attached body has a cylindrical outer circumferential surface and a protruding engaged portion is formed on the outer circumferential surface, and the attached body has a cylindrical part into which the attached body is inserted, and the cylindrical part has a radial direction. an attachment body in which an engaging part that engages with the engaged part is formed on the distal end side of an elastic piece that is elastically deformed;
Regulating walls are provided on both circumferential sides of the outer circumferential surface of the engaged portion to restrict the engaging portion from disengaging in the circumferential direction from the engagement portion with the engaged portion, Further, at least one of the regulating walls is formed with an inclined surface that elastically deforms to receive the engaging portion from the outside in the circumferential direction with respect to the engaged portion,
In the axial direction of the cylindrical part, before the position where the inclined surface and the engaging part match in the insertion direction of the attached body, the relative position in the axial direction is A connection structure characterized in that a sliding contact portion is provided that allows relative rotation of the attaching body and the attached body about the axis of the cylindrical portion while their positions are fixed. . A connection mechanism for lockingly connecting an attaching body to an attaching body having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface,
a shaft portion protruding from the attachment body toward the attachment body; and a connecting piece having a claw portion that extends from the shaft portion and is elastically displaceable;
an accommodating portion formed at a predetermined position around the attached body and forming a space for accommodating the claw portion in a locked state;
A space is provided that is connected to the accommodating part in the circumferential direction, is open to the outside in the axial direction to allow movement of the claw part in the axial direction, and is used to introduce the claw part into the accommodating part from the circumferential direction. an introduction to form;
formed on the adherend, restricting movement of the claw in the axial direction and circumferential direction when the claw is placed in the accommodating part, and the claw is arranged in the introduction part; a regulating part that sometimes allows the claw part to move from the introducing part to the accommodating part;
a plurality of rails that extend along the circumferential direction from the peripheral wall of the attached body and are spaced apart from each other so as to form a gap at the positions of the accommodating part and the introducing part;
The mounting body is formed in such a manner that it contacts the rail from the axial direction in a state where the position of the connecting piece and the position of the introduction part are shifted in the circumferential direction, and by sliding on the rail in the circumferential direction. , a guide portion that guides the connecting piece to the introduction portion. The regulating section includes a horizontal regulating wall that extends in the circumferential direction on the axially outer side of the accommodating section and restricts movement of the claw section disposed in the accommodating section axially outward, and the horizontal regulating wall 4. The coupling mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the claw portion is configured to allow the claw portion to move in the axial direction from the outside to the inside of the housing portion.