JP7147797B2 - Adsorption heat pump, cold generation method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an adsorption heat pump and a method for generating cold heat.

Patent Literature 1 describes an adsorption heat pump that regenerates by heating an adsorbent that has adsorbed an adsorbate.

JP 2010-151386 A

In conventional adsorption heat pumps, the adsorbent that adsorbs the adsorbate is regenerated only by heating.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the thermal energy required to regenerate the adsorbent as compared with the case where the adsorbent that has adsorbed the adsorbate is regenerated only by heating.

The adsorption heat pump according to the first aspect of the present invention is arranged in an evaporator that evaporates an adsorbate, and a container connected to the evaporator, adsorbs the adsorbate evaporated by the evaporator, and compresses the adsorbate. an adsorbent whose adsorption isotherm changes as a result of the compression, the adsorbent placed in the container and adsorbing the adsorbate is compressed, and the adsorbate evaporated in the evaporator is desorbed from the adsorbent. and a part.

According to the above configuration, the evaporator evaporates the adsorbate. Furthermore, the adsorbent whose adsorption isotherm is changed by being compressed adsorbs the adsorbate evaporated by the evaporator. Further, the compression unit compresses the adsorbent that has adsorbed the adsorbate, and desorbs the adsorbate evaporated in the evaporator from the adsorbent. In this way the adsorbent is regenerated.

As a result, in the adsorption heat pump, the heat energy required to regenerate the adsorbent can be reduced compared to the case where the adsorbent that has adsorbed the adsorbate is regenerated only by heating.

An adsorption heat pump according to a second aspect of the present invention is the adsorption heat pump according to the first aspect , wherein the compressing unit compresses the adsorbent and increases the atmospheric pressure of the container to increase the adsorbate. is desorbed from the adsorbent as a liquid.

According to the above configuration, the compressing unit compresses the adsorbent and increases the atmospheric pressure of the container, thereby desorbing at least part of the adsorbate as a liquid from the adsorbent. This shortens the time required for the step of condensing the vaporized adsorbate, thereby shortening the cycle time.

An adsorption heat pump according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the reactor according to the first or second aspect , the adsorbent is zeolite template carbon.

According to the above configuration, zeolite template carbon (=ZTC) is used as the adsorbent. Therefore, by compressing the zeolite template carbon that has adsorbed the adsorbate, the adsorbate can be desorbed from the zeolite template carbon.

A cold heat generation method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is a cold heat generation method for generating cold heat using the adsorption heat pump according to any one of the first to third aspects , wherein the adsorption is performed by the evaporator. an adsorption step in which the adsorbent adsorbs the evaporated adsorbate; and the compressing section compresses the adsorbent so that the adsorbent is the adsorbate. and a desorption step of detaching the.

According to the above configuration, the cooling generation step of generating cold heat, the adsorption step of adsorbing the adsorbate by the adsorbent, and the desorption step of desorbing the adsorbate by the adsorbent are provided. Here, in the desorption process, the adsorbent desorbs the adsorbate by compressing the adsorbent with the compression unit. As a result, in the method for generating cold heat, the heat energy required for regenerating the adsorbent can be reduced compared to the case where the adsorbent that has adsorbed the adsorbate is regenerated only by heating.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, compared with the case where it regenerates only by heating the adsorbent which adsorbed adsorbate, the heat energy required for regenerating an adsorbent can be reduced.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which a channel is closed by an on-off valve, in the adsorption heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which one channel is opened by one on-off valve, in the adsorption heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the flow path is closed by the on-off valve and the adsorbent is compressed, in the adsorption heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the other channel is opened by the other opening/closing valve, and the compressed adsorbent is released, in the adsorption heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is drawing which showed the adsorption isotherm of the adsorption material with which the adsorption heat pump which concerns on embodiment of this invention was equipped with the graph. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control system of a controller provided in the adsorption heat pump according to the embodiment of the present invention;

An example of an adsorption heat pump and a method of generating cold heat according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. An arrow H shown in the drawing indicates the vertical direction of the device, and an arrow W indicates the width direction of the device (horizontal direction).

An adsorption heat pump 10 (hereinafter referred to as "heat pump 10") according to the present embodiment includes an evaporator 12 that evaporates water, which is an example of an adsorbate, and an adsorption device 32, as shown in FIG. . Further, the heat pump 10 includes a pipe 80 that allows liquid or gas to flow from the evaporator 12 to the adsorption device 32, and a pipe 90 that allows liquid or gas to flow from the adsorption device 32 to the evaporator 12. I have it. The evaporator 12 and the adsorption device 32 are decompression systems whose internal pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure.

The adsorption heat pump 10, which will be described later in detail, is a device that cools the fluid R1 to generate cold heat in the cold heat generation process.

(Evaporator 12)
As shown in FIG. 1, the evaporator 12 comprises a container 14 that has been vacuum degassed and water is stored therein, and a channel 18 that is partly arranged inside the container 14 and through which the fluid R1 flows. I have. Further, the interior of the container 14 is divided into a gas phase portion 14a and a liquid phase portion 14b. arranged for exchange to occur. Further, in the present embodiment, water at 25[° C.] is used as an example of the fluid R1.

In this configuration, the evaporator 12 evaporates the stored water to produce steam, which is supplied to the adsorption device 32 . Then, the fluid R1 flowing through the flow path 18 is cooled by the heat of vaporization when the water is evaporated.

(Adsorption device 32)
As shown in FIG. 1, the adsorption device 32 includes a container 34, an adsorption module 50 provided inside the container 34, and a channel forming member 70 forming a channel 72 through which the heat medium F1 flows. ing.

[Container 34]
The container 34 has a cylindrical shape with an axial direction extending vertically, and is formed of a top plate 34a, side plates 34b, and a bottom plate 34c. Further, the inside of the container 34 is vacuum degassed, and in the present embodiment, the temperature inside is set to 30 [° C.] as an example. Further, the side plate 34b of the container 34 has an inlet port 36a through which water vapor generated by the evaporator 12 flows, and an outlet port through which water or water vapor generated by desorption of the adsorbent 52 described later flows out to the evaporator 12. 36b are formed. The inlet 36a is formed in the upper portion of the side plate 34b, and the outlet 36b is formed in the lower portion of the side plate 34b facing the inlet 36a in the device width direction.

Further, the side plate 34b of the container 34 is formed with an inlet 38a through which the heat medium F1 flows into the flow path 72 and an outlet 38b through which the heat medium F1 flows out from the flow path 72. As shown in FIG. The inlet 38a is arranged below the inlet 36a, and the outlet 38b is arranged below the outlet 36b. The inflow port 38a and the outflow port 38b are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction.

Further, the top plate 34a of the container 34 is formed with a through-hole 40 through which a connecting portion 64b, which will be described later, passes.

[Adsorption module 50]
The adsorption module 50 includes an adsorbent 52 , a support member 56 that supports the adsorbent 52 from below, and a compression mechanism 60 that compresses the adsorbent 52 .

-adsorbent 52-
The adsorbent 52 is arranged inside the container 34, has a circular shape when viewed from above, and has a constant thickness in the vertical direction. The adsorbent 52 is a member whose adsorption isotherm changes when it is compressed and stress is applied to the adsorbent 52 .

The graph shown in FIG. 5 shows the adsorption isotherm of the adsorbent 52 . Specifically, the horizontal axis of the graph shown in FIG. 5 is the relative humidity of the space in which the adsorbent 52 is arranged, and the vertical axis is the amount of adsorbate (water in this embodiment) adsorbed by the adsorbent 52. is. A solid line L01 is an adsorption isotherm of the adsorbent 52 under stress, and a dashed line L02 is an adsorption isotherm of the adsorbent 52 under no stress. This graph shows that compressing the adsorbent 52 to apply stress to the adsorbent 52 reduces the adsorption amount of the adsorbate adsorbed by the adsorbent 52 . In addition, in this embodiment, zeolite template carbon (=ZTC) is used for the adsorbent 52 as an example.

-Support member 56-
As shown in FIG. 1, the support member 56 is arranged below the inflow port 36a in the vertical direction inside the container 34 and has a flat dish shape with an open top. The support member 56 also has a bottom plate 56 a and side plates 56 b , and the side plates 56 b are attached to the side plates 34 b of the container 34 . Further, the side plate 56b has a portion facing the outflow port 36b formed in the side plate 34b, and a through hole 58 that penetrates the side plate 56b is formed in this portion.

In this configuration, the support member 56 supports the adsorbent 52 by arranging the adsorbent 52 inside the support member 56 .

-Compression mechanism 60-
The compression mechanism 60 is arranged above the adsorbent 52 and includes a hydraulic cylinder 62 (hereinafter simply “cylinder 62”) and a contact portion 64 that contacts the adsorbent 52 . The contact portion 64 and the cylinder 62 are arranged in this order from below to above. The compression mechanism 60 is an example of a compression section.

The contact portion 64 has a disc-shaped disc portion 64 a and a connecting portion 64 b connected to the cylinder 62 . The connecting portion 64 b has a columnar shape extending in the vertical direction and passes through the through hole 40 formed in the top plate 34 a of the container 34 . The cylinder 62 is connected to the upper end of the connecting portion 64b.

Cylinder 62 is positioned outside container 34 and above container 34 . By operating the cylinder 62, the contact portion 64 moves between a separation position (see FIG. 2) where the contact portion 64 is separated from the adsorbent 52 and a compression position (see FIG. 3) where the adsorbent 52 is pressed and compressed. It is designed to

-Flow path forming material 70-
The flow path forming member 70 is arranged below the bottom plate 56a of the support member 56 and has a circular shape when viewed from above. Furthermore, the end surface of the flow path forming member 70 is attached to the side plate 34b of the container 34. As shown in FIG. A channel 72 through which the heat medium F1 flows is formed between the channel forming member 70 and the bottom plate 56a.

In this configuration, the heat medium F1 flows into the channel 72 from the inlet 38a, and the heat medium F1 that has flowed through the channel 72 flows out from the outlet 38b. In this embodiment, water at 30° C. is used as the heat medium F1, for example. The temperature of the heat medium F1 flowing into the flow path 72 is set lower than the equilibrium temperature of the adsorbent 52 at the internal pressure of the container 34 .

Further, by using water of 30 [° C.] as the heat medium F1, the inside of the container 34 is set to 30 [° C.] as described above.

[Pipe 80, Pipe 90]
Piping 80 is arranged to allow the flow of liquid or gas from evaporator 12 to adsorber 32, as previously described. Specifically, one end of the pipe 80 is connected to the opening of the gas phase portion 14 a in the container 14 of the evaporator 12 , and the other end of the pipe 80 is connected to the inlet 36 a of the container 34 . Further, the pipe 80 is provided with an on-off valve 82 for opening and closing the flow path of the pipe 80 . Pipe 80 is an example of a first pipe. The on-off valve 82 is an example of a first on-off valve.

Piping 90 is arranged to allow the flow of liquid or gas from adsorber 32 to evaporator 12, as previously described. Specifically, one end of the pipe 90 is connected to the opening of the gas phase portion 14 a in the container 14 of the evaporator 12 , and the other end of the pipe 90 is connected to the outflow port 36 b of the container 34 . Further, the pipe 90 is provided with an on-off valve 92 that opens and closes the flow path of the pipe 90 . The pipe 90 is an example of a second pipe. The on-off valve 92 is an example of a second on-off valve.

[Control unit 30]
The control unit 30 shown in FIG. 6 includes a CPU, a memory, a driver for switching the on-off valves 82 and 92, and a driver for operating the cylinder 62. As shown in FIG. The control unit 30 operates the heat pump 10 by controlling the on-off valves 82 and 92 and the cylinder 62 based on a prerecorded program. Note that specific control by the control unit 30 will be described together with the operation described later.

(action)
Next, a method of generating cold energy using the heat pump 10 will be described. When the heat pump 10 is operated, the inside of the container 34 is vacuum-evacuated, and the adsorbent 52 is in a state where water vapor is desorbed. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the contact portion 64 of the compression mechanism 60 is arranged at the separated position, and the on-off valves 82 and 92 close the flow paths.

Furthermore, the heat medium F1 flows into the channel 72 from the inlet 38a, and the heat medium F1 that has flowed through the channel 72 flows out from the outlet 38b. Here, as described above, the temperature of the heat medium F1 when flowing into the flow path 72 is set lower than the equilibrium temperature of the adsorbent 52 at the internal pressure of the container 34 .

Also, a fluid R1 flows through the flow path 18 of the evaporator 12 . In the present embodiment, as an example, the fluid R1, which is water at 25° C., flows through the channel 18 . Then, the evaporator 12 evaporates the water in the liquid phase portion 14b by heat exchange with the fluid R1. The fluid R1 flowing through the flow path 18 of the evaporator 12 is cooled by the heat of vaporization when water is evaporated. In this embodiment, as an example, the fluid R1 is cooled from 25[°C] to 20[°C]. In this way cold heat is generated (cold heat generation step).

Further, the control unit 30 operates the on-off valve 82 to open the flow path of the pipe 80, as shown in FIG. As a result, the water vapor generated by the evaporator 12 flows through the flow path of the pipe 80 and flows into the container 34 from the inlet 36 a of the container 34 . Then, the adsorbent 52 adsorbs the water vapor that has flowed into the container 34 (adsorption step).

When the adsorbent 52 adsorbs water vapor, as shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 30 operates the on-off valve 82 to close the passage of the pipe 80, and operates the cylinder 62 to place it at the separated position. The abutting portion 64 that has been compressed is moved to the compressed position.

By moving the abutting portion 64 arranged at the separated position to the compressed position, the adsorbent 52 is compressed by the compression mechanism 60 and stress is applied to the adsorbent 52 . As a result, the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent 52 for water (=adsorbate) change, and the adsorbent 52 desorbs the adsorbed water vapor as water. As a result, the adsorbent 52 is in a state in which water vapor is desorbed.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, stress is applied to the adsorbent 52 when the adsorbent 52 desorbs water vapor, thereby discharging gas from the adsorbent 52 and increasing the atmospheric pressure. As the atmospheric pressure rises, water as a liquid is desorbed from the adsorbent 52 that has adsorbed water vapor. As a result, the adsorbent 52 is in a state in which water is desorbed. In other words, the adsorbent 52 is regenerated.

When the adsorbent 52 desorbs water, the control unit 30 operates the on-off valve 92 to open the flow path of the pipe 90, and operates the cylinder 62 to place it at the compression position, as shown in FIG. The abutting portion 64 that has been engaged is moved to the separated position.

By moving the abutting portion 64 to the separated position, the stress applied to the adsorbent 52 due to the compression is eliminated, and the water adsorption characteristic of the adsorbent 52 changes.

In addition, by opening the channel of the pipe 90, the water desorbed from the adsorbent 52 flows through the pipe 90 through the through hole 58 due to the pressure difference between the internal space of the container 34 and the internal space of the container 14. and flows into container 14 . When all the water desorbed from the adsorbent 52 flows into the container 14, the controller 30 operates the on-off valve 92 to close the passage of the pipe 90, as shown in FIG.

Cold heat is continuously generated by repeating the above steps.

(summary)
As described above, in the heat pump 10, the compression mechanism 60 compresses the adsorbent 52 that has adsorbed water vapor, thereby applying stress to the adsorbent 52 that has adsorbed water vapor, and desorbing the water vapor from the adsorbent 52 as water. In this manner, the adsorbent 52 is regenerated. Furthermore, the water desorbed from the adsorbent 52 flows through the pipe 90 and flows into the container 14 of the evaporator 12 .

Therefore, the heat pump 10 can reduce the thermal energy required to regenerate the adsorbent 52 as compared with the case where the adsorbent 52 that has adsorbed water vapor is regenerated only by heating.

Moreover, the heat pump 10 does not require a heat medium for regenerating the adsorbent, and does not need to discharge the heat medium for regenerating the adsorbent 52 . Therefore, the amount of heat discharged from the heat pump 10 can be reduced compared to a configuration that requires a heat medium to regenerate the adsorbent.

In the heat pump 10, the compression mechanism 60 compresses the adsorbent 52, and the adsorbent 52 desorbs the adsorbed water vapor as water. Therefore, the step of condensing water vapor becomes unnecessary, and the cycle time can be shortened.

Moreover, since the heat pump 10 does not require a condenser for condensing water vapor, the size of the apparatus can be reduced.

Also, in the heat pump 10, zeolite template carbon (=ZTC) is used as the adsorbent 52. As shown in FIG. Therefore, water can be desorbed from the zeolite template carbon by compressing the zeolite template carbon that has adsorbed water.

In addition, the cold heat generation method includes a cold heat generation step of generating cold heat, an adsorption step of adsorbing water vapor by the adsorbent 52, and a desorption step of desorbing the water vapor by the adsorbent 52 as water. Here, in the desorption step, the compression mechanism 60 compresses the adsorbent 52 so that the adsorbent 52 desorbs water vapor as water. Therefore, the heat energy required to regenerate the adsorbent 52 can be reduced as compared with the case where the adsorbent 52 that has adsorbed water vapor is regenerated only by heating.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. It is clear to those skilled in the art. For example, in the above embodiment, water was used as the adsorbate, but ammonia, ethanol, or the like may be used as the adsorbate.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the adsorbent 52 desorbs the adsorbed water vapor as water, but it may be desorbed as water vapor. In this case, the effect of desorption as water is not exhibited.

Further, in the above embodiment, the adsorbent 52 desorbs the adsorbed water vapor as water, but at least part of it may be desorbed as water. In this case, the effect of desorption as water is not exhibited. However, the time required for the step of condensing the water vapor is shorter than when all is desorbed as water vapor. Thereby, the cycle time can be shortened.

10 heat pump 12 evaporator 34 container 52 adsorbent 60 compression mechanism (an example of a compression unit)
80 piping (an example of the first piping)
90 piping (an example of the second piping)

Claims (4)

an evaporator for evaporating the adsorbate;
an adsorbent that is placed in a container connected to the evaporator, adsorbs the adsorbate evaporated by the evaporator, and changes the adsorption isotherm by being compressed;
A compression unit that is arranged in the container, compresses the adsorbent that adsorbs the adsorbate, and desorbs the adsorbate evaporated in the evaporator from the adsorbent ,
The adsorbent is sandwiched and compressed between a plate forming a flow path for a heat medium flowing inside the container and the compression portion,
Adsorption heat pump. The adsorption heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the compressing unit compresses the adsorbent and raises the atmospheric pressure of the container to desorb at least part of the adsorbate as a liquid from the adsorbent. 3. The adsorption heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is zeolite template carbon. A cold heat generation method for generating cold heat using the adsorption heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
a cold heat generation step in which the adsorbate is evaporated in the evaporator to generate cold heat;
an adsorption step in which the adsorbent adsorbs the evaporated adsorbate;
A desorption step in which the compression unit compresses the adsorbent and the adsorbent desorbs the adsorbate;
A cold generation method comprising:

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