JP7143441B2 - Electric motorcycle motor cooling structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a motor cooling structure for an electric two-wheeled vehicle, and more particularly to a motor cooling structure for an electric two-wheeled vehicle that is applied to an electric two-wheeled vehicle having a power unit configured by housing a motor in a casing.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a power unit configured by housing a motor in a casing, there has been known a configuration in which oil stored in the casing is used to lubricate and cool the motor.

In Patent Document 1, in a power unit of an electric vehicle having an in-wheel motor, oil sucked up from an oil reservoir provided in a casing is jetted radially outward from a discharge port provided in a motor shaft, thereby reducing a speed reduction mechanism and a rotor. , a configuration for lubricating and cooling the stator, etc. is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 5471199

Heat generated during operation of the motor is generated mainly in the coils that make up the stator or rotor. There was still room for ingenuity to increase the cooling effect by keeping the oil in the part for a longer time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor cooling structure for an electric two-wheeled vehicle that solves the above-described problems of the prior art and enhances the cooling effect by spraying oil onto the coil portion that constitutes the stator or rotor.

To achieve the above object, the present invention has a motor (M) comprising a stator (50) and a rotor (81) rotating inside the stator (50), and supplying oil to the stator (50). The first feature of the motor cooling structure for an electric two-wheeled vehicle that cools by spraying is that an oil reservoir (52) is provided in the vicinity of the stator (50).

The stator (50) has a structure in which a coil (60) is wound through an insulating insulator (51) surrounding a metallic stator core (61). , is provided in the insulator (51).

The insulator (51) is a resin part surrounding teeth (61a) of the stator core (61), and the oil reservoir (52) extends from the insulator (51) in the axial direction of the motor (M). The third feature is that it is composed of a dam plate (90) projecting outward and radially outward.

In addition, a plurality of stators (50) are connected in the circumferential direction to form a stator assembly (S) having an annular shape when viewed in the axial direction of the motor (M). ) are connected to the dam plate (90) of the adjacent stator (50).

In addition, the insulator (51) has a two-part structure that sandwiches the teeth (61a) from both sides in the axial direction. There is a fifth feature in that only is provided.

A sixth feature is that the damming plate (90) is provided on at least one of the plurality of stators (50) forming the stator assembly (S), which is positioned toward the upper side of the vehicle body. be.

Further, a casing (45, 69) for housing the motor (M) is provided, and a portion of the stator (50) constituting the stator assembly (S) on the lower side of the vehicle body is the casing (45, 69). 69) is immersed in the oil (100) stored at the bottom.

Furthermore, the oil (100) sprayed onto the stator (50) is injected from injection holes (46a, 69a) provided in the rotating shaft (46) of the rotor (81) or the casing (69). has an eighth feature.

According to a first feature, the motor (M) has a stator (50) and a rotor (81) rotating inside the stator (50), and the stator (50) is cooled by spraying oil. In the motor cooling structure for an electric two-wheeled vehicle, since the oil reservoir (52) is provided near the stator (50), the oil sprayed to the stator stays in the oil reservoir, and the oil is released. It is possible to increase the cooling effect of the oil by suppressing the speed at which it falls downward.

According to the second feature, the stator (50) has a structure in which a coil (60) is wound through an insulating insulator (51) surrounding a metallic stator core (61). Since the reservoir (52) is provided in the insulator (51), it is easy to freely set the shape of the oil reservoir by providing the oil reservoir in the insulator that can be easily formed into any desired shape. Become.

According to the third feature, the insulator (51) is a resin part surrounding teeth (61a) of the stator core (61), and the oil reservoir (52) extends from the insulator (51) to the motor. Since it is composed of the dam plate (90) projecting outward in the axial direction and radial direction of (M), it is possible to provide an oil reservoir integrally with the insulator without affecting the function of the insulator. . Moreover, since the insulator is a resin component, the degree of freedom in the shape and capacity of the oil reservoir can be increased.

According to the fourth feature, the plurality of stators (50) are connected in the circumferential direction to form a stator assembly (S) having an annular shape when viewed in the axial direction of the motor (M). Since the damming plate (90) is connected to the damming plate (90) of the adjacent stator (50), the oil reservoir can be expanded in the circumferential direction and the cooling effect can be further enhanced. Become.

According to the fifth feature, the insulator (51) has a two-part structure that sandwiches the teeth (61a) from both sides in the axial direction, and the oil reservoir (52) is formed by the two parts of the insulator (51). 51), it is possible to select the side with a large surplus space or the side with a high cooling effect among the insulators divided in the vehicle width direction to provide the oil reservoir. As a result, an increase in the dimension of the motor in the vehicle width direction can be suppressed. In addition, in the configuration in which oil is sprayed from the side of the stator, by providing an oil reservoir on the opposite side of the side to which the oil is sprayed, the oil is directly sprayed onto the coil, and the oil reservoir located on the opposite side is used. It becomes possible to reduce the dripping speed of the oil.

According to the sixth feature, the damming plate (90) is provided on at least one of the plurality of stators (50) forming the stator assembly (S), which is positioned toward the upper side of the vehicle body. By providing an oil reservoir in the stator on the upper side of the vehicle body where oil tends to drip, the cooling effect can be efficiently enhanced.

According to the seventh characteristic, the casing (45, 69) that houses the motor (M) is provided, and the stator (50) that constitutes the stator assembly (S) is partially located on the lower side of the vehicle body. is immersed in the oil (100) stored in the lower part of the casing (45, 69), the stator located on the upper side of the vehicle body is cooled by spraying oil, and the stator located on the lower side of the vehicle body is cooled by the casing. It becomes possible to cool with the oil stored in the lower part. As a result, the entire stator can be efficiently cooled by the oil.

According to the eighth feature, the oil (100) sprayed onto the stator (50) is injected through injection holes (46a, 69a) provided in the rotating shaft (46) of the rotor (81) or the casing (69). ), the oil can be continuously injected from a position close to the stator, thereby enhancing the cooling effect of the stator.

1 is a left side view of an electric motorcycle to which a motor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the invention is applied; FIG. It is a right side view of an electric two-wheeled vehicle. It is a left side view of a power unit. It is the left side view which looked at the motor from the vehicle width direction left side. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the stator viewed from a radially inner position; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the stator viewed from a radially outer position; It is a left side view of a stator. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the insulator viewed from a radially outer position; It is the front view which looked at the insulator from the front of the vehicle body. It is a left side view of an insulator. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a left insulator half;

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a left side view of an electric motorcycle 1 to which a motor cooling structure according to one embodiment of the invention is applied. 2 is a right side view of the electric motorcycle 1. FIG. A vehicle body frame 4 of an electric motorcycle 1 as a straddle-type vehicle has a pair of left and right upper main pipes 3 and lower main pipes 17 extending from a head pipe 5 toward the rear and downward of the vehicle body. The upper main pipe 3 and the lower main pipe 17 are connected to a pivot frame 38 provided with a pivot 22 that pivotally supports a swing arm 26 such that the distance between the upper main pipe 3 and the lower main pipe 17 decreases toward the rear side of the vehicle body. .

A steering stem (not shown) is rotatably supported on the head pipe 5, and a top bridge 7 and a bottom bridge 11 that support a pair of left and right front forks 15 are fixed above and below the steering stem. A steering handle 6 is attached to the top of the top bridge 7 .

A front wheel WF is rotatably supported on the lower end of the front fork 15 . The front fork 15 supports a headlight 10 located in front of the head pipe 5 , a meter device 8 , a pair of left and right front flasher lamps 9 , and a front fender 14 covering the front wheel WF. A power unit P that houses a motor M and a speed reduction mechanism is arranged below the body frame 4 . A power control unit (PCU) 18 for controlling electric power supplied to the power unit P is arranged at a position near the front of the vehicle body above the power unit P in the vehicle body. Above the PCU 18, two high-voltage batteries 36, 37 are arranged in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds. A swing arm 26 pivotally supported by the pivot 22 is suspended from the vehicle body frame 4 by a rear cushion 24 .

The rotational driving force of the power unit P is transmitted to the rear wheels WR via a drive chain 25 wound around a drive sprocket 21 provided on the left side in the vehicle width direction. A chain cover 39 is attached to the upper portion of the swing arm 26 to cover the drive chain 25 from above. An oil cooler 13 that cools oil that lubricates and cools the inside of the power unit P is arranged in front of the power unit P in the vehicle body. A pair of left and right oil pipes 16 extending downward from the oil cooler 13 are connected to the upper portion of the power unit P while curving toward the upper side of the vehicle body. A low-voltage battery 19 is arranged inside an under cowl 20 that covers the front and lower portions of the power unit P. As shown in FIG.

The upper main pipe 3 is connected to a pair of left and right upper rear frames 33 and a lower rear frame 28 extending rearward and upward of the vehicle body. The vehicle width direction outer sides of the upper rear frame 33 and the lower rear frame 28 are covered with the side cowl 34 and the rear cowl 32 . A knee grip cover 2 is arranged on the upper part of the vehicle body frame 4 . A front seat 12 on which a driver sits is arranged behind the knee grip cover 2, and a rear seat 35 on which a passenger rides is arranged behind the front seat 12.例文帳に追加A tail light 31 is attached to the rear of the rear cowl 32, and a rear fender 29 that supports a pair of left and right rear flasher lamps 30 is fixed below it.

A harness 70 extending downward from the PCU 18 to supply power to the power unit P is connected to the right side surface of the power unit P in the vehicle width direction. A connection portion of the harness 70 is covered with a connection portion cover 54 .

In this embodiment, the power unit P is arranged in the vicinity of the PCU 18 at the rear lower position of the vehicle body. As a result, the length of the harness 70 that connects the PCU 18 and the power unit P can be shortened, and the electrical resistance of the harness 70 can be reduced. In addition, in the configuration where the power unit P is arranged at the same position as the engine of the engine vehicle, and the driving force is transmitted to the rear wheels by the chain drive, the driven sprocket is arranged at the same position as the engine vehicle, It is possible to obtain the same steering characteristics as an engine vehicle. In addition, by arranging the PCU 18 and the power unit P so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction when viewed from the side of the vehicle body, it is possible to reduce the size of the vehicle body by suppressing an increase in the longitudinal dimension of the vehicle body, and to shorten the length of the harness 70. It becomes possible.

3 is a left side view of the power unit P. FIG. The power unit P is configured by housing an inner rotor type motor M having a rotary shaft 46 inside a casing composed of left and right case halves 45 and 69 (see FIG. 5) made of metal such as aluminum. Connection portions 65a and 65b to which the oil pipe 16 is connected are provided on the left case half 45 on the left side in the vehicle width direction. A speed reduction mechanism cover 43 is attached to the rear of the connecting portions 65a and 65b, and the drive sprocket 21 is fixed to the output shaft 41 projecting from the speed reduction mechanism cover 43 to the left in the vehicle width direction.

A handle 42 of an oil level gauge 40 for detecting the oil level of the oil 100 for lubricating and cooling the motor M is arranged at the rear upper part of the left case half 45 . An oil drain bolt 47 is attached to the portion. An output connector 49 for a motor resolver signal or the like is arranged behind the reduction mechanism cover 43 , and an electric oil pump control unit 44 is arranged in front of the reduction mechanism cover 43 .

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the motor M viewed from the left side in the vehicle width direction. The directional notation shown in FIGS. 4 to 12 matches the directional notation of the electric two-wheeled vehicle 1 with the motor M attached.

The inner rotor type motor M is composed of a rotor 81 which has a permanent magnet 81 a therein and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 46 , and 12 stators 50 housed in the inner peripheral portion of a stator ring 82 . The 12 stators 50 are arranged close to adjacent stators 50 to form an annular stator aggregate S. As shown in FIG. The stator 50 has a structure in which a stator core 61 made of iron or the like is covered with an insulator 51 (dotted hatching in the drawing), and a stator coil 60 made of copper wire or the like is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the insulator 51 . .

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4. FIG. The motor M is disposed at a position closer to the left case half 45 on the left side in the vehicle width direction between the left case half 45 and the right case half 69 that constitute the casing. In this embodiment, a portion of the stator 50 forming the stator assembly S on the lower side of the vehicle body is immersed in the oil 100 stored in the lower portion of the casing. On the other hand, the stator 50 located on the upper side of the vehicle body is cooled by spraying the oil 100 pressure-fed by the pump from the injection hole 46a provided in the rotating shaft 46 and the injection hole 69a provided in the right case half 69. and lubrication.

As a result, the stator 50 located on the upper side of the vehicle body can be cooled by spraying the oil 100, and the stator 50 located on the lower side of the vehicle body can be cooled by the oil 100 stored in the lower part of the casing. The entire S can be efficiently cooled by the oil 100 . Further, by injecting the oil 100 from the injection holes 46a and 69a, the oil 100 can be continuously injected from a position close to the stator 50, and the cooling effect of the stator 50 is enhanced.

The insulator 51, which is a resin insulator around which the stator coil 60 is wound, consists of a left insulator half 51L on the left in the vehicle width direction and a right insulator half 51R on the right in the vehicle width direction. The left insulator half 51L and the right insulator half 51R have a two-part structure. When the coil is wound around the stator 50, the left insulator half 51L is removed before winding. The left insulator half 51L is covered. Of these, an oil reservoir 52 is provided in the lower portion of the left insulator half 51L for suppressing the downward dripping speed of the oil 100 injected from the injection hole 69a. The oil reservoir 52 is composed of a bottom member 53 projecting axially outward of the motor M from the left insulator half 51L, and a damming plate 90 projecting radially outward from the end of the bottom member 53 .

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the stator 50 viewed from a radially inner position. 7 is a perspective view of the stator 50 viewed from a radially outer position, and FIG. 8 is a left side view of the stator 50. As shown in FIG. The directional notation in FIGS. 6 to 8 assumes that the stator 50 is positioned at the top of the motor M. The stator core 61 is made up of a plurality of thin iron plates, and the left insulator half 51L and the right insulator half 51R are configured to engage teeth 61a whose radial dimension is smaller at the center in the vertical direction. A ceiling plate 55 that defines the winding range of the stator coil 60 is provided at the upper end of the left insulator half 51L. The bottom member 53 forming the oil reservoir 52 (see FIG. 5) also functions as a bottom plate that defines the lower winding range of the stator coil 60 .

On the other hand, the right insulator half 51R is provided with a winding portion 58 for further winding the coil wound around the stator 50 .

The front and rear end portions of the stator core 61 are formed with irregularities 61 a and 61 b for engaging with the stator cores 61 of the adjacent stators 50 . Engagement projections 53a and 56a that engage with the insulators 51 of the adjacent stators 50 are provided at the front end portions of the vehicle body of the bottom member 53 of the left insulator half 51L and the bottom plate 56 of the right insulator half 51R. there is

In the motor cooling structure according to the present embodiment, since the oil reservoir 52 is provided near the stator 50, the oil 100 sprayed onto the stator 50 tends to stay in the oil reservoir 52, and the speed at which the oil 100 drops downward is reduced. It becomes possible to suppress and enhance the cooling effect. In addition, the stator 50 has a structure in which the coil 60 is wound through an insulating insulator 51 surrounding a metallic stator core 61, and the oil reservoir 52 is provided in the insulator 51, so that it can be easily formed into an arbitrary shape. By providing the oil reservoir 52 in the insulator 51, it becomes easy to freely set the shape of the oil reservoir 52. As shown in FIG.

Further, the insulator 51 is a resin part surrounding the teeth 61a of the stator core 61, and the oil reservoir 52 is composed of the dam plate 90 projecting from the insulator 51 to the outside in the axial direction and the outside in the radial direction of the motor M. It is possible to provide the oil reservoir 52 integrally with the insulator 51 without affecting the function of the insulator 51 .

In addition, a plurality of stators 50 are connected in the circumferential direction to form a stator assembly S having an annular shape when viewed in the axial direction of the motor M. By doing so, it becomes possible to expand the oil reservoir portion 52 in the circumferential direction and further enhance the cooling effect. The insulator 51 has a two-part structure that sandwiches the teeth 61a from both sides in the axial direction, and the oil reservoir portion 52 is provided only on one side of the two-part insulator 51. Of these, the oil reservoir portion 52 can be provided by selecting a side with a large surplus space, a side with a high cooling effect, or the like. As a result, an increase in the dimension of the motor M in the vehicle width direction can be suppressed. In addition, in the configuration in which the oil 100 is sprayed from the side of the stator 50, by providing the oil reservoir 52 on the side opposite to the side on which the oil 100 is sprayed, the oil 100 is directly sprayed onto the stator coil 60, and the oil 100 is sprayed on the opposite side. It is possible to reduce the dropping speed of the oil 100 at the oil reservoir 52 located at .

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the insulator 51 viewed from a radially outer position. 10 is a front view of the insulator 51 viewed from the front of the vehicle body, FIG. 11 is a left side view of the insulator 51, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the left insulator half 51L.

Between the ceiling plate 55 and the bottom member 53 of the left insulator half 51L, a small diameter portion 59 is formed to cover the teeth 61a and around which the stator coil 60 is wound. A symmetrical small-diameter portion 65 is also formed in the right insulator half 51R. Through holes 66 , 67 , 68 oriented in the vehicle width direction are formed in the winding portion 58 , and these through holes are for inserting pins when the stator ring 82 is press-fitted into the stator 50 . be.

An engaging recess 90a is formed at the end of the damming plate 90 on the front side of the vehicle body to engage with an engaging projection 90b provided on the damming plate 90 of the adjacent left insulator half 51L. A thin-plate-shaped engagement protrusion 90c is formed at the rear end of the bottom member 53 to engage with the bottom member 53 of the adjacent left insulator half 51L. These engagement structures make it difficult for the oil flowing into the oil reservoir 52 to leak downward, and further reduce the dropping speed of the oil to enhance the cooling effect.

The shape and structure of the electric motorcycle, the shape and structure of the power unit and casing, the shape and structure of the motor and stator, the shape and structure of the stator core and stator coil, the shape and structure of the insulator, the arrangement of the oil injection holes, etc. It is not limited and various modifications are possible. The motor cooling structure according to the present invention can be applied not only to electric motorcycles, but also to straddle-type three-wheeled vehicles, four-wheeled vehicles, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Electric two-wheeled vehicle 45... Left case half body (casing) 69... Right case half body (casing) 46a, 69a... Injection hole 46... Rotating shaft 50... Stator 51... Insulator 52... Oil reservoir , 60... Coil, 61... Stator core, 61a... Teeth, 81... Rotor, 90... Damping plate, 100... Oil, P... Power unit, M... Motor, S... Stator assembly

Claims (5)

A motor for an electric motorcycle having a motor (M) including a stator (50) and a rotor (81) rotating inside the stator (50), wherein the stator (50) is cooled by spraying oil. In the cooling structure,
An oil reservoir (52) is provided near the stator (50),
The stator (50) is configured by winding a coil (60) through an insulating insulator (51) surrounding a metallic stator core (61),
The oil reservoir (52) is provided in the insulator (51),
The insulator (51) is a resin component that surrounds the teeth (61a) of the stator core (61),
The oil reservoir (52) is composed of a dam plate (90) projecting from the insulator (51) to the outside in the axial direction and the outside in the radial direction of the motor (M),
The insulator (51) has a two-part structure that sandwiches the teeth (61a) from both sides in the axial direction,
The oil reservoir (52) is provided only on one side of the insulator (51) divided into two parts,
having an injection hole (69a) for injecting oil from the side to the insulator (51),
a radially outer end of the damming plate (90) extends radially outward to a position overlapping the coil (60) wound around the insulator (51);
A casing (45, 69) housing the motor (M) comprises a left case half (45) provided with the oil reservoir (52) and a right case half engaged with the left case half (45). A motor cooling structure for an electric motorcycle, comprising a body (69), wherein the oil injection hole (69a) is provided in the right case half body (69). A plurality of stators (50) are connected in the circumferential direction to form a stator assembly (S) having an annular shape when viewed in the axial direction of the motor (M),
The motor cooling structure for an electric motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein the dam plate (90) is connected to the dam plate (90) of the adjacent stator (50). 2. The damming plate (90) is provided on at least one of the plurality of stators (50) forming the stator assembly (S), which is positioned toward the upper side of the vehicle body. 5. The motor cooling structure for the electric motorcycle according to 4. Having a casing (45, 69) that houses the motor (M),
A part of the stator (50) constituting the stator assembly (S) on the lower side of the vehicle body is immersed in oil (100) stored in the lower part of the casing (45, 69). The motor cooling structure for an electric motorcycle according to claim 4 or 6. The oil (100) injected to the stator (50) is injected from injection holes (46a, 69a) provided in the rotation shaft (46) of the rotor (81) or the casing (69). The motor cooling structure for an electric motorcycle according to claim 7.

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