JP7129982B2 - スプリットサイクルエンジン - Google Patents
スプリットサイクルエンジン Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7129982B2 JP7129982B2 JP2019534284A JP2019534284A JP7129982B2 JP 7129982 B2 JP7129982 B2 JP 7129982B2 JP 2019534284 A JP2019534284 A JP 2019534284A JP 2019534284 A JP2019534284 A JP 2019534284A JP 7129982 B2 JP7129982 B2 JP 7129982B2
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- temperature
- split
- combustion
- cylinder
- cycle internal
- Prior art date
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 334
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003066 decision tree Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
- F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/023—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
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- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
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- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
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- F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only
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- F02B51/00—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines
- F02B51/02—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines involving catalysts
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0207—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing valve lift or valve lift and timing
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- F02M26/01—Internal exhaust gas recirculation, i.e. wherein the residual exhaust gases are trapped in the cylinder or pushed back from the intake or the exhaust manifold into the combustion chamber without the use of additional passages
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- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
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Description
であるか、または可変である。bの値は、受信した指示パラメータに応じて変わってもよい。例えば、bは、スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンのセットアップと制御システムとにより許容可能な最短時間でこの2つの状態の間を遷移することを表し、一定であってもよい。例えば、bは、指示パラメータの値と目標値との間の値の差に比例して可変でもよい。この2つの状態の間の遷移が可能な限り短時間で行われることが、望ましい場合がある。
Claims (29)
- 燃焼ピストンを収容する燃焼シリンダと、
圧縮ピストンを収容し、前記燃焼シリンダに圧縮流体を供給するように配置される圧縮シリンダと、
前記燃焼シリンダおよび/またはこれに付随する流体に関連するパラメータの値を受信し、
前記パラメータの値が前記パラメータの目標値より小さいとき、前記燃焼ピストンのリターンストローク中に、前記燃焼ピストンがその上死点位置(TDC)に達する前に、前記燃焼シリンダの排気弁を閉じさせ、
前記パラメータの値が前記パラメータの前記目標値と等しいか、または前記パラメータの前記目標値より大きいとき、前記燃焼ピストンがその前記上死点位置(TDC)に達するときに、前記燃焼ピストンのリターンストロークの終了時に、前記燃焼シリンダの前記排気弁を閉じさせる、
ように、前記パラメータの値に基づいて、前記排気弁を制御するように構成される制御部と、
を備え、
前記パラメータは、前記燃焼シリンダおよび/またはこれに付随する流体に関連する温度であり、
前記パラメータの前記目標値は、目標温度である、
ことを特徴とするスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記目標温度は、燃焼のための目標温度である、
請求項1記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、
前記目標温度と等しいか、または前記目標温度より高い前記温度の値について通常駆動モードを規定し、前記目標温度より低い前記温度の値について少なくとも1つのコールドスタートモードを規定するメモリ、
を備える、
請求項1または2記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記コールドスタートモードにおいて、
前記制御部は、前記燃焼ピストンが前記TDC前にある初期閉位置で前記排気弁を閉じるように構成され、
最大初期閉位置は、前記TDC前の位相角z°にある前記燃焼ピストンにより与えられる、
請求項3記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記温度の値と前記目標温度との間の差に従って、前記最大初期閉位置と、前記燃焼ピストンが前記TDCにある通常モード閉位置と、の間で前記排気弁の前記初期閉位置を連続的に変更するように構成される、
請求項4記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記温度の値と前記目標温度との間の差に従って、前記TDC前の位相角z°から前記TDCまでの間の前記燃焼ピストンの位置について、前記排気弁に対して複数の別個の初期閉位置の1つを選択するように構成される、
請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、ルックアップテーブルを用いて、別個の前記初期閉位置を選択するように構成される、
請求項6記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記ルックアップテーブルに従って、
第1初期閉位置は、前記TDC前の位相角x°にある前記燃焼ピストンに対応し、
第2初期閉位置は、前記TDC前の位相角y°にある前記燃焼ピストンに対応し、
第3初期閉位置は、前記TDC前の位相角z°にある前記燃焼ピストンに対応し、
前記第1初期閉位置は、前記目標温度よりx℃低い温度までの前記温度の値についてマッピングされ、
前記第2初期閉位置は、前記目標温度よりy℃からx℃まで低い前記温度の値についてマッピングされ、
前記第3初期閉位置は、前記目標温度よりz℃からy℃まで低い前記温度の値についてマッピングされる、
請求項7記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンまたはその中の流体に関連する圧力の値を受信し、前記圧力の値に基づいて、前記排気弁を制御するように構成される、
請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンまたはその中の流体に関連する酸素濃度の値を受信し、前記酸素濃度の値に基づいて、前記排気弁を制御するように構成される、
請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記圧縮シリンダは、冷却プロセスを介して液相に圧縮された液体を受け入れるように配置され、その結果、前記圧縮ピストンの圧縮ストローク中に、前記液体が気相へと蒸発し、その結果、前記圧縮ストロークにより生じる温度上昇が、前記液体による熱吸収により制限される、
請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記液体は、
液体窒素と、液体アルゴンと、液体ネオンと、のうち少なくとも1つ、
を含む、
請求項11記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記温度の値に基づいて、前記圧縮シリンダに供給される前記液体の量を制御するように構成される、
請求項11または12記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、
前記目標温度より高い閾値温度を超える前記温度の値について、ホットモードの操作を規定するメモリ、
を備え、
前記制御部は、前記ホットモードにおいて、
前記温度の値に基づいて、前記圧縮シリンダに供給される前記液体の速度と量とのうち少なくとも1つを制御し、
前記温度の値に基づいて、前記スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンのレキュペレータへの水の注入を制御する、
ように構成される、
請求項13記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンまたはその中の流体に関連する圧力の値を受信し、前記圧力の値に基づいて、前記圧縮シリンダに供給される前記液体の量を制御するように構成される、
請求項11乃至14のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記制御部は、前記スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンまたはその中の流体に関連する酸素濃度の値を受信し、前記酸素濃度の値に基づいて、前記圧縮シリンダに供給される前記液体の量を制御するように構成される、
請求項11乃至15のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記燃焼シリンダに供給される前記圧縮流体を加熱するために、前記燃焼シリンダの排気生成物に前記圧縮流体を熱的に連結するように構成される前記レキュペレータ、
を備える、
請求項14、または、請求項14の従属項としての請求項15または16、のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 触媒被膜は、使用時に前記排気生成物と接触する前記レキュペレータの表面上に設けられる、
請求項17記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記触媒被膜は、前記触媒のライトオフを促進するために前記圧縮流体と前記排気生成物との両方により加熱されるために、使用時に前記圧縮流体および前記排気生成物と熱的に連通している状態であるように設けられる、
請求項18記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記目標温度より高い閾値温度を超える前記温度の値について、前記制御部は、前記レキュペレータへの水の注入を制御するように構成される、
請求項17乃至19のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記燃焼シリンダに関連する前記温度の値は、前記圧縮シリンダの出口での温度と、前記燃焼シリンダの入口での温度と、前記燃焼シリンダの出口での温度と、前記レキュペレータでの温度と、のうち少なくとも1つを検知するように配置されるセンサにより与えられる、
請求項17乃至20のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記燃焼シリンダの前記温度の値は、前記触媒の位置での温度を検知するように配置されるセンサにより与えられる、
請求項18記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記燃焼シリンダの入口弁は、前記圧縮流体が前記燃焼シリンダに入ることを可能にするために、前記燃焼シリンダの内側に向けて開放するように配置される、
請求項1乃至22のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記燃焼シリンダの入口弁は、前記圧縮流体が前記燃焼シリンダに入ることを可能にするために、前記燃焼シリンダから外側に向けて開放するように配置される、
請求項1乃至23のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記圧縮シリンダは、1つ以上の層で断熱され、
各層は、鋼鉄またはセラミックからなる、
請求項1乃至24のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 前記燃焼シリンダは、1つ以上の層で断熱され、
各層は、鋼鉄またはセラミックからなる、
請求項1乃至25のいずれかに記載のスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - 燃焼ピストンを収容する燃焼シリンダと、
圧縮ピストンを収容し、前記燃焼シリンダに圧縮流体を供給するように配置される圧縮シリンダと、
前記燃焼シリンダおよび/またはこれに付随する流体に関連する温度の値を受信し、
前記温度の値が目標温度より低いとき、前記燃焼ピストンのリターンストローク中に、前記燃焼ピストンがその上死点位置(TDC)に達する前に、前記燃焼シリンダの排気弁を閉じさせ、
前記温度の値が前記目標温度と等しいか、または前記目標温度より高いとき、前記燃焼ピストンがその前記上死点位置(TDC)に達するときに、前記燃焼ピストンのリターンストロークが終了したら、前記燃焼シリンダの前記排気弁を閉じさせる、
ように、前記温度の値に基づいて、前記排気弁を制御するように構成される制御部と、
を備える、
ことを特徴とするスプリットサイクル内燃エンジン。 - スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンを操作する方法であって、
前記スプリットサイクル内燃エンジンは、
燃焼ピストンを収容する燃焼シリンダと、
圧縮ピストンを収容し、前記燃焼シリンダに圧縮流体を供給するように配置される圧縮シリンダと、
を備え、
前記方法は、
燃焼シリンダおよび/またはこれに付随する流体に関連するパラメータの値を受信する工程と、
前記パラメータの値に基づいて、前記燃焼シリンダの排気弁を制御する工程であって、
前記パラメータの値が前記パラメータの目標値より小さいとき、前記燃焼ピストンのリターンストローク中に、前記燃焼ピストンがその上死点位置に達する前に、前記燃焼シリンダの前記排気弁を閉じさせ、
前記パラメータの値が前記パラメータの前記目標値と等しいか、または前記パラメータの前記目標値より大きいとき、前記燃焼ピストンがその上死点位置に達するときに、前記燃焼ピストンの前記リターンストロークが終了したら、前記燃焼シリンダの前記排気弁を閉じさせる、
工程と、
を含み、
前記パラメータは、前記燃焼シリンダおよび/またはこれに付随する流体に関連する温度であり、
前記パラメータの前記目標値は、目標温度である、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項28記載の方法を実施するプロセッサをプログラミングするように構成されるコンピュータプログラム命令、
を含む、
ことを特徴とする非一時的コンピュータ可読媒体。
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