JP7129526B1 - wooden structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a wooden structure in which a pillar of an upper floor can be firmly joined to a wooden member of a lower floor. A wooden structure (1) is a structure having a plurality of floors above and below, and is provided with a joint (4) for joining a vertical frame (21) of an upper floor and a column (11) of a lower floor. A rod-shaped member 41 is inserted vertically into the upper surface 11a of the pillar 11 of the floor and attached to the pillar 11, and an upper mounting member 42 is attached to the vertical frame 21 of the upper floor and fastened to the upper part of the rod-shaped member 41. It is configured. [Selection drawing] Fig. 2

Description

The present invention relates to wooden structures.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a wooden structure, there has been known a wooden structure that is constructed by using wooden pillars and beams to form a frame of the structure, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-219496, for example. As construction methods for wooden structures, wooden frame construction methods (conventional construction methods, hardware construction methods, etc.) and wooden frame wall construction methods (two-by-four construction methods, etc.) are known.

JP 2012-219496 A

In the wooden structure described above, when constructing a structure with a plurality of floors such as a two-story building, metal fittings may be used to join the beams and columns of the lower floor to the columns of the upper floor. For example, metal fittings are attached to joints between beams and columns on the lower floor and columns on the upper floor. However, depending on the structure, it may be required to join the pillars of the upper floor to the wooden members of the lower floor more firmly. For this reason, it is desired to develop a construction method that more firmly joins the pillars of the upper floor to the wooden members of the lower floor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wooden structure in which the pillars of the upper floor can be firmly joined to the wooden members of the lower floor.

A wooden structure according to the present invention is a wooden structure having a plurality of floors above and below, and is provided with joints for joining the pillar members of the upper floor and the wooden members of the lower floor, and the joints are the wooden members of the lower floor. It is composed of a rod-shaped member that is inserted vertically into the upper surface and attached to the wooden member, and an upper mounting member that is attached to the pillar member of the upper floor and fastened to the upper part of the rod-shaped member. According to this wooden structure, a rod-shaped member is inserted perpendicularly to the upper surface of a wooden member of the lower floor, an upper mounting member is attached to the column member of the upper floor, and the upper part of the rod-shaped member and the upper mounting member are fastened to the lower floor. The wooden members of the floor and the column members of the upper floor are joined. Therefore, the column member of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor can be firmly joined.

In addition, in the wooden structure according to the present invention, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the column member on the upper floor may be smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the wooden member on the lower floor. In this case, since the horizontal cross-sectional area of the pillar members on the upper floor is smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the wooden members on the lower floor, rod-shaped members are placed at the joint surfaces of the wooden members on the lower floor where the pillar members on the upper floor do not come into contact. It can be inserted to provide a joint. Thereby, the rod-shaped member can be arranged in parallel with the column member of the upper floor to firmly join the column member of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor.

Moreover, in the wooden structure according to the present invention, the upper floor may be constructed by a construction method different from that of the lower floor. In this case, even if the wooden members of the lower floor and the column members of the upper floor have different cross-sectional areas due to differences in construction methods, the rod-shaped members are arranged parallel to the columns of the upper floor, and the column members of the upper floor and the column members of the lower floor Wooden members can be strongly joined.

Moreover, in the wooden structure according to the present invention, the upper floor may be constructed by the frame wall construction method, and the lower floor may be constructed by the Rahmen construction method. In this case, even if the wooden members of the lower floor and the column members of the upper floor have different cross-sectional areas due to differences in construction methods, the column members of the upper floor and the wooden members of the lower floor can be firmly joined.

According to the present invention, a column member on the upper floor can be firmly joined to a wooden member on the lower floor in a wooden structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the outline|summary of the wooden structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion of the wooden structure in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a joint along III-III in FIG. 2; It is a figure which shows the modification of the joint part of the wooden structure of FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion of the wooden structure in FIG. 1; It is a figure which shows the modification of the joint part of the wooden structure of FIG.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wooden structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view of the wooden structure viewed from the front, but for convenience of explanation, illustration of the front outer wall of the wooden structure is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wooden structure 1 according to the present embodiment is a building having a plurality of floors above and below, for example, three floors above ground. The frame of the wooden structure 1 is made of wood, and the pillars, beams and walls of each floor are made of wooden members. The wooden structure 1 is constructed by different construction methods for the first floor, the second floor, and the third floor. For example, the first floor is constructed by the Rahmen construction method, and the second and third floors are constructed by the frame wall construction method.

That is, on the first floor, the columns 11 and beams 12 are strongly joined, and the columns 11 and beams 12 support the floor. In other words, on the floor of the first floor, horizontally directed beams 12 are rigidly joined to vertically erected pillars 11 to form a structural framework. The pillars 11 and beams 12 are wooden members on the lower floor and are joined to vertical frames 21 that are pillar members on the upper floor. In FIG. 1, in the front part of the wooden structure 1, three pillars 11 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and beams 12 are joined between the pillars 11 and 11, respectively. In such a Rahmen structure, since the floor of the wooden structure 1 is supported by the pillars 11 and the beams 12, the installation of braces and load-bearing walls can be omitted, and the interior space of the floor can be widely used.

On the other hand, on the second and third floors, the floors are supported by a box-shaped structure in which the floor and walls are integrated. For example, the second and third floors are constructed by the two-by-four construction method. In FIG. 1, four rooms are formed in the left-right direction of the front part on the second and third floors. On the second floor, a vertical frame 21 is installed at the corner of the room. The vertical frame 21 is a column member forming part of the wall and is provided in the vertical direction. A vertical frame 21 is provided inside along the wall surface from the vertical frame 21 at the corner. The inner vertical frame 21 is a member for forming a load-bearing wall, and for example, two vertical frames 21 are provided at a predetermined interval. One or three or more inner vertical frames 21 may be provided depending on the structure of the wall. A load-bearing wall is formed by attaching plate materials to the vertical frames 21 at the corners and the vertical frames 21 on the inner side. On the third floor, a vertical frame 31 is installed at the corner of the room. The vertical frame 31 is a column member forming part of the wall and is provided in the vertical direction. A vertical frame 31 is provided inside along the wall surface from the vertical frame 31 at the corner. The inner vertical frame 31 is a member for forming a load-bearing wall, and for example, two vertical frames 31 are provided at a predetermined interval. One or three or more inner vertical frames 31 may be provided depending on the structure of the wall. A load-bearing wall is formed by attaching plate materials to the vertical frames 31 at the corners and the vertical frames 31 on the inner side. By constructing the second and third floors by the frame wall construction method in this way, the floors can be constructed in a short construction period and at low cost.

In the wooden structure 1, the pillars 11 on the first floor are thicker and have a larger cross-sectional area than the vertical frames 21 on the second and third floors. The number of pillars 11 installed on the first floor is smaller than the number of vertical frames 21 installed on the second and third floors. Therefore, the first floor can be made into a large space. The vertical frame 21 of the second floor is installed above the pillar 11 of the first floor. Thereby, the joint strength between the pillar 11 and the vertical frame 21 can be increased.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a joint of a wooden structure. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a joint portion of the wooden structure along III-III in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical frame 21 of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor are joined by joints 4 . For example, the vertical frame 21 on the second floor and the pillar 11 on the first floor are joined by the joining portion 4 . The first and second floors were built using different construction methods, and the thickness of the pillar members is different. For this reason, it is not always appropriate to join with known metal fittings. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal cross-sectional area S21 of the column member on the second floor is smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area S11 of the column 11 on the first floor. The pillar member of the second floor is formed by connecting a plurality of vertical frames 21, for example. In FIG. 3, three vertical frames 21 are combined to form a column member. Further, as the column member, a single laminated lumber having the horizontal cross-sectional area S21 may be used. In such a case, it is difficult to properly join column members having different cross-sectional areas at the top and bottom. However, in the wooden structure 1 according to this embodiment, the pillars 11 and the vertical frames 21 are firmly joined in consideration of this point.

In FIG. 2 , the joint 4 includes a rod-like member 41 and an upper mounting member 42 . The rod-like member 41 is a member attached to the pillar 11 of the lower floor, and is, for example, a metal rod having a screw groove formed on its outer peripheral surface. Alternatively, the rod-like member 41 may be a rod having a screw groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion and irregularities such as a deformed reinforcing bar formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion. The rod-like member 41 is vertically inserted into the column 11 from the upper surface 11a of the column 11 . For example, the pillar 11 is formed with an insertion hole 111 vertically drilled from the upper surface 11a. The insertion hole 111 is formed at a position where the vertical frame 21 is not arranged on the upper surface 11a. A rod-shaped member 41 is inserted into the insertion hole 111, and an adhesive 44 is injected between the inner surface of the insertion hole 111 and the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 41 and hardened. Thereby, the rod-shaped member 41 is fixed to the column 11 . An epoxy resin, for example, is used for the adhesive 44 . The adhesive 44 is injected, for example, by injecting the adhesive 44 into the insertion hole 111 through an injection hole drilled separately from the insertion hole 111 in the column 11 .

The upper attachment member 42 is a member attached to the vertical frame 21 which is a column member of the upper floor. The upper mounting member 42 has, for example, a plate-shaped back plate portion 421 fixed to the vertical frame 21 and a fastening portion 422 extending vertically from the back plate portion 421 . The back plate portion 421 is fixed to the vertical frame 21 by having a plurality of holes through which fasteners are passed, and horizontally inserting fasteners such as bolts, nuts, and screws.

The fastening portion 422 extends horizontally from the lower portion of the back plate portion 421 , for example, and penetrates the upper portion of the rod-like member 41 through the opening 423 . The opening 423 is a hole formed in the fastening portion 422 , vertically penetrating the fastening portion 422 , and having a size such that the rod-shaped member 41 can be inserted through the opening 423 . By attaching and fastening the washer plate 45 and the nut 43 to the rod-shaped member 41 protruding upward from the fastening portion 422 , the rod-shaped member 41 and the upper mounting member 42 are coupled, and the pillar 11 and the vertical frame 21 are connected through the joint portion 4 . Strongly bonded. In addition, the vertical frame 21 is joined to the pillar 11 via the lower frame 23 and the floor plywood 24 . The floor plywood 24 is a plate material that constitutes the floor of the second floor. The lower frame 23 is a frame member forming part of the wall of the upper floor, and is provided in the lower part of the wall in the horizontal direction. In some cases, the vertical frame 21 is directly abutted and joined to the pillar 11 without the lower frame 23 and the floor plywood 24 interposed therebetween.

Further, a reinforcing plate 424 is provided at the joint portion 4 . The reinforcing plate 424 is a plate material coupled to the side portions of the back plate portion 421 and the fastening portion 422 having an L-shaped cross section, and is formed, for example, in a triangular shape, and is provided on both left and right sides of the back plate portion 421 and the fastening portion 422. . The reinforcing plate 424 suppresses deformation of the back plate portion 421 and the fastening portion 422 when the nut 43 is fastened. In FIG. 2, the fastening portion 422 has a plate-like shape. It may be in a shape other than the shape.

4, 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams of another mode or modification of the joint.

Although FIG. 2 illustrates the case where the column 11 and the vertical frame 21 are joined using one joint portion 4, there are cases where a plurality of joint portions 4 are used for joining. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, two joints 4 may be attached to one vertical frame 21 to join the vertical frame 21 and the pillar 11 together. The two joints 4 are attached to adjacent side surfaces of the assembly of the vertical frames 21 having a rectangular cross section, and are attached to the side surfaces in the direction in which the walls extend from the vertical frame 21 . By attaching the joint portion 4 in this way, the joint portion 4 is not exposed to the outside of the frame such as the wall. This facilitates interior design and interior construction. Moreover, the installation position and specifications of the joint 4 may be determined by structural calculation. For example, FIG. 1 illustrates the case where two joints 4 are installed in each room on the front wall of the room on the second floor, but the number of joints 4 installed may be increased or decreased depending on structural calculations. .

In FIG. 2, the case where the vertical frame 21 at the corner of the upper floor and the column 11 on the lower floor are joined has been described, but the joint 4 is used to join the vertical frame 21 on the inner side of the upper floor and the beam 12 on the lower floor. You may For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper mounting member 42 is attached to the inner vertical frame 21, the rod-shaped member 41 is attached to the beam 12, the nut 43 is fastened to the upper part of the rod-shaped member 41, and the inner vertical frame of the upper floor is installed. The frame 21 and the beam 12 of the lower floor may be joined.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the joints 4 may be attached to two parallel side surfaces of the vertical frame 21 on the inner side of the rectangular cross section. The two joints 4 are attached to the side surfaces in the direction in which the walls extend from the vertical frame 21 . By attaching the joints 4 in this way, the joints 4 are not exposed to the outside of the building frame such as the wall, which facilitates interior and exterior design and facilitates interior construction and exterior construction. 2, 5 and 6 illustrate the joining of the wooden members of the lower floor and the column members of the upper floor in the outer portion of the surface side of the wooden structure 1. The joining of the column members of the upper floor is also performed for the joining of the wooden members of the lower floor and the column members of the upper floor in the inner portion of the wooden structure 1 .

In FIG. 1, the joining of the second floor and the third floor can be performed by a known two-by-four construction method. For example, flat metal fittings or metal fittings formed by bending a flat plate may be used, and these metal fittings may be attached to joints to join and integrate the wall and floor.

Next, the joint structure of the wooden structure 1 according to this embodiment will be described.

In general, when a structure is constructed by a frame wall construction method such as a two-by-four construction method, it is difficult to use the interior space of the floor widely. This is because the walls of the floor serve as the structural framework, and the installation of wall fittings cannot be omitted. However, in a structure having a plurality of floors above and below, there are cases where it is desired to provide a lobby or a parking lot on the first floor. In such a case, the first floor cannot be constructed by the frame wall construction method. For this reason, it is conceivable that the first floor is made of steel, RC, or SRC to form a framework having sufficient strength and to form a wide interior space on the floor of the first floor.

However, the use of steel frame construction, RC construction or SRC construction increases the construction cost. Therefore, it has been desired to develop a construction method capable of forming a wide internal space at low cost. Here, it is conceivable to construct the first floor using a wooden Rahmen structure, but the method of joining the wooden framework of the first floor and the framework of the second floor has not been established, and it is difficult to firmly connect the first and second floors. was difficult. Therefore, in the wooden structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the column members on the second floor and the wooden members on the first floor are joined using the joints 4, thereby firmly joining the column members on the upper floor and the wooden members on the lower floor. is doing.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the joint part 4 attaches a rod-shaped member 41 to the pillar 11 of the first floor, attaches an upper mounting member 42 to the vertical frame 21 of the second floor, and joins the rod-shaped member 41 and the upper mounting member 42. Thus, the vertical frame 21 on the second floor and the pillar 11 on the first floor are joined. At this time, the rod-shaped member 41 is inserted into the column 11 from the upper surface 11a of the column 11 and fixed. Therefore, the vertical frame 21 has a strong pull-out resistance against the column 11 .

The upper mounting member 42 is attached to the side surface of the vertical frame 21 on the second floor. The joining can be performed without exposing the joining portion 4 from the frame. For this reason, it becomes easy to carry out the construction of the interior and exterior.

As described above, according to the wooden structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the rod-shaped member 41 is inserted perpendicularly to the upper surface of the wooden members (pillars 11 and beams 12) of the lower floor, and the column members ( An upper mounting member 42 is attached to the side surface of the vertical frame 21), and the upper part of the rod-shaped member 41 and the upper mounting member 42 are fastened to join the wooden member of the lower floor and the column member of the upper floor. Therefore, the column member of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor can be firmly joined.

For example, even if the cross section of the pillar member of the upper floor is smaller than the cross section of the wooden member of the lower floor, the rod-shaped member 41 is arranged in parallel with the pillar member of the upper floor so that the pillar member of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor can be connected. The members can be firmly joined.

Further, according to the wooden structure 1 according to the present embodiment, since the horizontal cross-sectional area S21 of the column member of the upper floor is smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area S11 of the wooden member of the lower floor, the joint surface of the wooden member of the lower floor The joint portion 4 can be provided by inserting the rod-shaped member 41 into a portion where the column member of the upper floor does not abut. As a result, the bar member 41 can be arranged in parallel with the column member of the upper floor to firmly join the column member of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor.

Moreover, according to the wooden structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the second floor is constructed by a construction method different from that of the first floor. In this case, even if the cross-sectional areas of the pillars 11 on the first floor and the pillar members on the second floor differ due to differences in construction methods, the rod-shaped members 41 are arranged in parallel with the pillar members on the second floor, and the pillar members on the second floor and the wooden members on the first floor are arranged. The members can be firmly joined.

Further, according to the wooden structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the second floor is constructed by the frame wall construction method, and the first floor is constructed by the wooden frame construction method. In this case, even if the first-floor column 11 and the second-floor column member have different cross-sectional areas due to differences in construction methods, the second-floor column member and the first-floor column member 11 can be firmly joined.

In addition, the above-described embodiment describes an example of the wooden structure according to the present invention, and the joint structure according to the present invention is not limited to the one described in this embodiment. The joint structure according to the present invention may be obtained by modifying the joint structure according to the present embodiment or applying it to other objects without departing from the scope of the invention described in each claim.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the joint portion 4 is of a type in which the upper mounting member 42 is attached to the side surface of the vertical frame 21, but the upper mounting member 42 that can be attached to the pillar member of the upper floor is provided. Other types of joints 4 may be used if desired. For example, the upper mounting member 42 has a cylindrical or plate-like insertion member that is inserted upward into the column member of the upper floor from the bottom surface. The joint portion 4 may have a rod-like fixing member that is inserted horizontally and penetrates the insertion member to fix it. In this case, the insertion member is fastened to the rod-shaped member 41 attached to the pillar member of the lower floor, so that the pillar member of the upper floor and the wooden member of the lower floor can be firmly joined by the joint portion 4 .

In the above-described embodiment, the first floor is constructed by the wooden frame construction method, and the second and third floors are constructed by the frame wall construction method. Construction methods other than construction methods may be used. For example, the first floor may be constructed by the wooden frame construction method, and the second and third floors may be constructed by conventional construction methods or hardware construction methods. Also in this case, the same effect as the embodiment described above can be obtained. For example, when constructing the second and third floors by conventional construction methods, thicker column members are used instead of the vertical frames 21 . Also, in FIG. 2, installation of the lower frame 23 becomes unnecessary.

Moreover, although the three-story wooden structure 1 has been described in the above-described embodiment, the wooden structure according to the present invention may be applied to a two-story structure or a structure having four or more floors. Even in such a case, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the embodiment described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Wooden structure, 4... Joint part, 11... Column (wooden member), 11a... Upper surface, 12... Beam (wooden member), 21... Vertical frame (pillar member), 23... Bottom frame, 24... Floor plywood, 31... Vertical frame, 41... Rod-shaped member, 42... Upper mounting member, 43... Nut, 44... Adhesive, 45... Washer plate, 111... Insertion hole, 421... Back plate part, 422... Fastening part, 423... Opening, 424... Reinforcing plate, S11... Horizontal sectional area, S21... Horizontal sectional area.

Claims (4)

In a wooden structure with multiple floors above and below,
A joint for joining the column member of the upper floor and the column member of the lower floor,
The joint portion includes a rod-shaped member inserted vertically into the upper surface of the column member of the lower floor and attached to the column member of the lower floor, and a column member of the upper floor and fastened to the upper part of the rod-shaped member. comprising an upper mounting member that is
wooden structure. The horizontal cross-sectional area of the column member of the upper floor is smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the column member of the lower floor,
A wooden structure according to claim 1. The upper floor is constructed by a construction method different from that of the lower floor,
The wooden structure according to claim 1 or 2. The upper floor is constructed by a frame wall construction method,
The lower floor is constructed by a rigid frame construction method,
A wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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