JP7126819B2 - Measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method for measuring the shape of an object.

A measuring apparatus has been disclosed that measures the shape of an object to be measured by moving a probe and bringing it into contact with the object to be measured (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-095563 A

Foreign matter that interferes with the movement of the probe may enter the measurement area where the measurement device can measure the shape of the object to be measured. In addition, the user using the measuring device may mistakenly wear a probe that is different from the probe that should be worn. In this case, when the measuring device moves the probe along a predetermined trajectory, there is concern that the probe may come into contact with foreign matter or the object to be measured. If the probe comes into contact with a foreign object or the object to be measured, the probe or the object to be measured may be damaged, and problems such as failure of the measuring device may occur.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to prevent the occurrence of defects in the measuring apparatus.

A measuring device according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a measuring unit that measures the shape of an object to be measured using a movable probe, and an image of at least a part of a range in which the object to be measured can be measured by the probe. a control unit for outputting warning information when the measurement unit determines based on the captured image that an obstacle will occur when measuring the shape of the object using the probe. and have

For example, the control unit specifies a trajectory along which the measurement unit moves the probe, and outputs the warning information when a foreign object exists on the specified trajectory.

The control unit may determine whether or not a foreign object exists on the trajectory based on the type of the probe specified by the captured image.

For example, the control unit acquires type information indicating the type of the probe to be used by the measurement unit, and the type of the probe indicated by the type information is different from the type of the probe specified by the captured image. In this case, the warning information is output.

The control section may change the imaging direction of the imaging section as the probe moves.

For example, the control unit changes the imaging direction so that the probe is included within a predetermined range within the imaging area of the imaging unit.

For example, the control unit causes the imaging unit to photograph a predetermined marker provided in the measuring device, and the imaging direction of the imaging unit when the image of the marker included in the captured image is at a predetermined position. is stored in the storage unit as the initial value of the imaging direction.

The control section may control the position and orientation of the probe based on the image of the object to be measured included in the captured image.

The imaging section may change at least one of a focus position and an aperture between before the measurement section starts measurement and after the measurement section starts measurement.

A measuring method according to a second aspect of the present invention is a captured image obtained by photographing at least a part of a measurable range of an object to be measured by a movable probe used for measuring the shape of the object to be measured. and outputting warning information when it is determined, based on the captured image, that an obstacle will occur when measuring the shape of the object to be measured with the probe.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is effective in the ability to prevent generation|occurrence|production of the malfunction of a measuring device.

It is a figure for demonstrating the outline|summary of a measuring apparatus. It is a figure which shows the functional structure of a measuring device. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a case where a foreign object exists on the trajectory of the probe; FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of specifying the type of probe; 4 is a flowchart of processing for starting measurement;

[Overview of measuring device 1]
First, an overview of the measuring device 1 according to the embodiment will be described. The measuring apparatus 1 is, for example, a three-dimensional measuring machine that measures the shape of the object 2 to be measured by moving the probing system 106 for measurement and bringing it into contact with the object 2 to be measured.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the measuring device 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 1 shows a measurement unit 10 included in the measurement device 1. As shown in FIG. The measurement unit 10 measures the shape of the object 2 using a movable probing system 106 . The measurement unit 10 includes a table 100 on which the object 2 to be measured is placed, and a gate-shaped structure straddling the table 100 . The gate-shaped structure includes a pair of columns 101 and supporters 102 installed on both sides of the table 100, a beam 103 extending in the X-axis direction between the columns 101 and the supporters 102, and movable along the beams 103. and a slider 104 . Slider 104 supports Z-axis spindle 105 . A probing system 106 is attached to the lower end of the Z-axis spindle 105 .

The slider 104 is moved in the X-axis direction along the beam 103 by an X-axis moving mechanism installed between the beams 103 and the slider 104 . The Z-axis spindle 105 is moved in the Z-axis direction with respect to the slider 104 by a Z-axis movement mechanism installed between the slider 104 and the Z-axis spindle 105 . A gate-shaped structure including columns 101 and 102 is moved in the Y-axis direction with respect to table 100 by a Y-axis movement mechanism installed between table 100 and columns 101 and 102 . The measuring apparatus 1 appropriately moves the moving mechanism to bring the stylus provided in the probing system 106 into contact with the object 2 to be measured placed on the table 100, thereby measuring the shape of the object 2 to be measured. can be measured.

The measuring apparatus 1 includes an imaging unit 11 capable of photographing at least a part of a measurement area in which the shape of an object can be measured by a probing system 106. FIG. The imaging unit 11 is, for example, a digital camera. The imaging unit 11 captures an image of at least a part of the measurable range of the device under test 2 by the probing system 106 to create a captured image. As an example, the imaging unit 11 a is installed on the Z-axis spindle 105 . The image capturing unit 11b is installed on the table 100 and captures a blind spot that the image capturing unit 11a cannot capture. Moreover, the measuring device 1 may further include an imaging unit 11c (not shown). The image capturing unit 11c is installed in the supporter 102 and captures blind spots that cannot be captured by the image capturing units 11a and 11b.

When moving the probing system 106 to measure the shape of the object 2 to be measured, the measuring apparatus 1 determines whether or not there is a problem in the measurement based on the captured image generated by the imaging unit 11 . If the measurement device 1 determines that there is a problem with the measurement, it outputs a sound indicating that there is a problem with the measurement, or displays a screen indicating that there is a problem with the measurement. By doing so, the measuring device 1 can notify the user using the measuring device 1 that there is an obstacle in the measurement of the device under test 2 . Therefore, the measuring device 1 can prevent the occurrence of defects.

[Functional configuration of measuring device 1]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the functional configuration of the measuring device 1. As shown in FIG. The measurement device 1 includes a measurement section 10 , an imaging section 11 , an audio output section 12 , a display section 13 , a storage section 14 and a control section 15 . The measurement unit 10 has already been described with reference to FIG.

The audio output unit 12 is, for example, a speaker that outputs audio. The display unit 13 displays various information. The display unit 13 includes, for example, a liquid crystal display or an LED indicator. The storage unit 14 includes a storage medium such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a hard disk. The storage unit 14 stores programs executed by the control unit 15 . The storage unit 14 may also store an instruction value for the control unit 15 to move the probing system 106 .

The control unit 15 is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The control unit 15 controls the measuring device 1 by executing programs stored in the storage unit 14 . Specifically, the control unit 15 causes the measurement unit 10 to measure the shape of the object 2 while moving the measurement unit 10 and the probing system 106 based on the instruction values stored in the storage unit 14 .

When measuring the shape of the object 2 to be measured, the control unit 15 causes the imaging unit 11 to generate a captured image of the measurement area. Based on the captured image, the control unit 15 determines whether or not there will be a problem when the measuring unit 10 measures the shape of the object 2 using the probing system 106 . Although the details will be described later, when the control unit 15 determines that an obstacle occurs during measurement, for example, when there is a foreign object on the trajectory of the probing system 106 that interferes with the movement, or when the probing system 106 to be mounted This is the case when a different probing system 106 is attached. The trajectory of the probing system 106 is determined by connecting the positions of at least a portion of the probing system 106 (eg, the tipped stylus) while the probing system 106 moves. When the control unit 15 determines that the measurement will be hindered, it outputs warning information indicating that the measurement is hindered.

For example, the control unit 15 outputs to the audio output unit 12 warning information including audio information indicating that the measurement will be disturbed. When receiving warning information including voice information, the voice output unit 12 outputs voice corresponding to the warning information. In addition, the control unit 15 outputs warning information including an image or text indicating that the measurement will be disturbed to the display unit 13 . When receiving warning information including an image or text, the display unit 13 displays a screen corresponding to the warning information.

In this way, when there is a problem with the measurement, the measuring device 1 outputs a sound indicating that there is a problem with the measurement, or displays a screen indicating that there is a problem with the measurement. Therefore, the measuring device 1 can notify the user using the measuring device 1 that there is an obstacle in the measurement, and can prevent the occurrence of trouble.

Note that the control unit 15 may output warning information including a stop instruction to stop the operation of the measuring device 1 to the measuring unit 10 . For example, when the control unit 15 determines that the measurement will be hindered after starting the measurement of the object 2 to be measured, the control unit 15 outputs warning information including a stop instruction to the measurement unit 10 . The measurement unit 10 stops operating when receiving warning information including a stop instruction. In this manner, even after starting measurement, the measurement apparatus 1 stops operation when a person or an object enters the measurement area, thereby preventing troubles from occurring.
A specific example of the case where the control unit 15 outputs warning information will be described below.

(When there is a foreign object on the trajectory of the probing system 106)
The control unit 15 outputs warning information when there is a foreign object that interferes with the movement of the probing system 106 on the trajectory along which the probing system 106 is moved. A detailed description will be given below.

First, the control unit 15 specifies the trajectory along which the probing system 106 is moved by the measurement unit 10 . For example, the control unit 15 acquires an instruction value input by a user who uses the measuring device 1, and identifies the trajectory of the position of the tip of the probing system 106 based on the acquired instruction value. The control unit 15 may further specify the trajectory of the entire probing system 106 based on the trajectory of the position of the tip of the probing system 106 and the shape of the probing system 106 .

Subsequently, the control unit 15 causes the imaging unit 11 to generate a captured image of the measurement area, and specifies the position of the foreign matter existing in the measurement area based on the captured image. The control unit 15 determines whether or not the specified position of the foreign object is on the specified trajectory.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a case where a foreign object exists on the trajectory of the probing system 106. FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the imaging unit 11a is attached to the lower end of the Z-axis spindle 105 and to the upper part of the probe adapter 108 filled with halftone dots so as to photograph the probing system 106 and the traveling direction of the probing system 106. there is

Here, it is assumed that the control unit 15 has identified a trajectory of movement along the Y-axis direction as the trajectory of the probing system 106 . Arrow L indicates the trajectory of probing system 106 identified by controller 15 . The control unit 15 identifies the position of the foreign matter M based on the captured image captured by the imaging unit 11a. As shown in FIG. 3, the foreign matter M is present on the arrow L indicating the trajectory of the probing system 106, so the control unit 15 determines that the foreign matter M is present on the trajectory. Then, the control unit 15 outputs warning information when determining that a foreign object exists on the specified locus. In this manner, the control unit 15 outputs warning information when the foreign matter M exists on the trajectory of the probing system 106, so that the occurrence of troubles in the measuring apparatus 1 can be prevented.

Note that the control unit 15 may determine whether or not a foreign object exists on the trajectory based on the type of the probing system 106 specified by the captured image. For example, when an object exists within a predetermined caution range based on the type of probing system 106, the control unit 15 determines that a foreign object exists on the trajectory. Specifically, first, the control unit 15 identifies the shape of the probing system 106 corresponding to the identified type of the probing system 106 . The control unit 15 determines that a foreign object exists on the trajectory when an object exists within the caution range set according to the identified shape of the probing system 106 along the trajectory of the probing system 106 . By doing so, the control unit 15 can prevent the probing system 106 from coming into contact with the foreign matter M even when the identified foreign matter M is displaced.

(When a probing system 106 different from the set probing system 106 is attached)
Even if the user using the measuring device 1 mistakenly wears a probing system 106 that is different from the set probing system 106, the control unit 15 can restore the indicated value stored in the storage unit 14. moves the probing system 106 based on . If the type (e.g., shape) of the probing system 106 attached is different from the type of probing system 106 that was assumed when the indication value was created, the attached probing system 106 may come into contact with the device under test 2 . There is a possibility that it will be lost.

Therefore, when the type of the probing system 106 to be mounted and the type of the probing system 106 mounted are different, the control unit 15 outputs warning information. Specifically, first, the control unit 15 acquires type information indicating the type of the probing system 106 to be used by the measurement unit 10 . Next, the control unit 15 identifies the type of the attached probing system 106 based on the captured image. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of identifying the type of probing system 106. As shown in FIG.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams schematically showing probing systems 106 of different types. As shown in FIG. 4, the probing system 106 includes a probe 107 hatched, a probe adapter 108 hatched, a probe head 109 hatched, and a stylus 110 . Based on the captured image, the control unit 15 specifies the length of the probe 107 with the lower end of the probe adapter 108 as a reference. The control unit 15 identifies the type of the probing system 106 corresponding to the identified length of the probe 107 . A known image recognition technique can be used as a method for the control unit 15 to specify the length of the probe 107 .

Then, the control unit 15 outputs warning information when the type of the probing system 106 indicated by the type information is different from the type of the probing system 106 specified by the captured image. Thus, the control unit 15 outputs warning information when the probing system 106 to be used by the measurement unit 10 is different from the installed probing system 106 . Therefore, the control unit 15 can prevent a problem from occurring even if the user attaches the wrong probing system 106 to the measuring device 1 .

Incidentally, when the imaging unit 11 is installed on the table 100 like the imaging unit 11b, the probing system 106 may move out of the imaging area of the imaging unit 11b as the measurement unit 10 moves. In order to prevent such a problem from occurring, the control unit 15 changes the image capturing area that the image capturing unit 11 captures. For example, the control unit 15 may control to change the imaging direction of the imaging unit 11 as the probing system 106 moves. Specifically, the control unit 15 changes the imaging direction so that the probing system 106 is included within a predetermined range within the imaging area of the imaging unit 11 . In this way, even if the probing system 106 is moved, the control unit 15 can detect a foreign object in the vicinity of the probing system 106, thereby preventing malfunction of the measuring apparatus 1 more reliably. be able to.

The control unit 15 may adjust the initial value of the imaging direction of the imaging unit 11 . For example, the control unit 15 adjusts the initial value of the imaging direction of the imaging unit 11 by specifying the initial value of the imaging direction of the imaging unit 11 based on a predetermined marker provided on the measuring device 1 . The marker is formed at a position where the position relative to the imaging unit 11 does not change. For example, a marker for the imaging unit 11a is formed on the Z-axis spindle 105. FIG. A marker for the imaging unit 11b is formed on the table 100. FIG.

When adjusting the initial value, the control unit 15 first causes the imaging unit 11 to photograph a predetermined marker provided on the measuring device 1 while changing the imaging region. Next, the control unit 15 causes the storage unit 14 to store, as an initial value of the imaging direction, the imaging direction of the imaging unit 11 when the image of the marker included in the captured image is at a predetermined reference position. When moving the imaging region of the imaging unit 11 , the control unit 15 moves the imaging region based on the initial value of the imaging direction stored in the storage unit 14 .

The control unit 15 identifies the angle of the imaging region with respect to the measurement region based on the markers included in the captured image, and corrects the position of the object based on the identified angle. Also, the reference position does not have to be particularly limited in the captured image, but is preferably near the center of the imaging area so that the entire marker is included.

By doing so, the control unit 15 can more accurately specify the position where the measurement area is photographed, so that the position of the object existing within the measurement area can be specified more accurately. Therefore, the control unit 15 can improve the accuracy of determining whether or not the probing system 106 contacts the foreign matter.

Before starting the measurement of the object 2 to be measured, it is desired to detect foreign matter in the entire measurement area, but after starting the measurement of the object 2 to be measured, it may be desired to detect the foreign matter in the vicinity of the object 2 to be measured. In this case, the control unit 15 notifies the imaging unit 11 of a change instruction to change at least one of the focus position and the aperture before the measurement unit 10 starts measurement and after the measurement unit 10 starts measurement. do. Specifically, the control unit 15 notifies a change instruction to open the diaphragm of the imaging unit 11 after starting the measurement from the diaphragm before starting the measurement. Further, the control unit 15 notifies a change instruction to make the focal length of the lens of the imaging unit 11 after starting the measurement longer than the focal length of the lens before starting the measurement.

In this manner, the control unit 15 focuses on the entire measurement area before starting measurement, and focuses on the object 2 after starting measurement. Therefore, the control unit 15 can easily detect foreign matter in the entire measurement area before starting measurement of the object 2 to be measured, and can detect foreign matter in the vicinity of the object 2 to be measured after starting measurement of the object 2 to be measured. easier to do.

The flow of processing for starting measurement will be described below. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of processing for starting measurement.

First, the control unit 15 causes the imaging unit 11 to generate a captured image of the measurement region and the probing system 106 (step S1). The control unit 15 identifies the type of probe based on the captured image (step S2). Next, the control unit 15 acquires identification information indicating the type of the probing system 106 to be used (step S3). Note that the control unit 15 may perform the process of acquiring the identification information (step S3) before the process of identifying the type of the probing system 106 (steps S1 and S2).

The control unit 15 determines whether the type of the probing system 106 indicated by the type information is different from the type of the probing system 106 specified by the captured image (step S4). When the control unit 15 determines that the type of the probing system 106 is different (Yes in step S4), it outputs warning information (step S7). When the control unit 15 determines that the types of the probing systems 106 are the same (No in step S4), the control unit 15 specifies the trajectory for moving the probing systems 106 based on the type of the probing systems 106 (step S5).

Based on the captured image, the control unit 15 determines whether or not there is a foreign object on the identified trajectory (step S6). When determining that a foreign object exists on the track (Yes in step S6), the control unit 15 outputs warning information (step S7). When the controller 15 determines that there is no foreign object on the track (No in step S6), it starts measuring the object 2 (step S8).

(Modification)
In the above description, the control unit 15 moves the probing system 106 according to the trajectory for moving the probing system 106 stored in the storage unit 14 . Alternatively, the probing system 106 may control the position and orientation of the probing system 106 based on the image of the device under test 2 . Specifically, first, the control unit 15 causes the image capturing unit 11 to capture an image of the object 2 to be measured. Next, the control unit 15 identifies the shape of the object 2 to be measured based on the image of the object 2 included in the captured image. Subsequently, the control unit 15 identifies the trajectory of the probing system 106 that moves along the identified shape of the object 2 to be measured. The controller 15 then controls the position and orientation of the probing system 106 according to the identified trajectory. By doing so, the control unit 15 can move the probing system 106 along a trajectory according to the object 2 to be measured.

[Effect of the measuring device 1 according to the embodiment]
As described above, the measuring apparatus 1 captures at least a part of the measurable range of the object 2 by the probing system 106 to create a captured image. The measuring apparatus 1 outputs warning information when it is determined based on the captured image that the measuring unit 10 will interfere with the probing system 106 measuring the shape of the object 2 . By doing so, the measuring device 1 can prevent malfunctions from occurring in the measuring device 1 .

Although the present invention has been described above using the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist thereof. be. For example, specific embodiments of device distribution/integration are not limited to the above-described embodiments. can be done. In addition, new embodiments resulting from arbitrary combinations of multiple embodiments are also included in the embodiments of the present invention. The effect of the new embodiment caused by the combination has the effect of the original embodiment.

1 measuring device 10 measuring unit 11 imaging unit 12 audio output unit 13 display unit 14 storage unit 15 control unit 100 table 101 column 102 supporter 103 beam 104 slider 105 Z-axis spindle 106 probing system 107 probe 108 probe adapter 109 probe head 110 stylus

Claims (4)

a measuring unit that measures the shape of an object to be measured using a movable probe;
an imaging unit that captures at least a part of a measurable range of the object to be measured by the probe to create a captured image;
a control unit that outputs warning information when the measurement unit determines, based on the captured image, that an obstacle will occur when measuring the shape of the object to be measured using the probe;
has
The control unit opens the aperture of the imaging unit after starting measurement more than the aperture before starting measurement, or adjusts the focal length of the lens of the imaging unit after starting measurement. A measuring device that is longer than the focal length of a lens. The control unit determines whether or not a foreign object exists on the trajectory based on the type of the probe specified by the captured image.
The measuring device according to claim 1. The control unit acquires type information indicating the type of the probe to be used by the measurement unit, and when the type of the probe indicated by the type information is different from the type of the probe specified by the captured image, outputting the warning information;
The measuring device according to claim 2. creating a captured image by photographing at least a part of a measurable range of the object to be measured by a movable probe used to measure the shape of the object;
a step of outputting warning information when it is determined, based on the captured image, that an obstacle will occur when measuring the shape of the object to be measured with the probe;
A step of opening the aperture of an imaging unit that captures the region after starting measurement from the aperture before starting measurement, or setting the focal length of the lens of the imaging unit after starting measurement before starting measurement. at least one of the steps of increasing the focal length of the lens of
measurement method.

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