JP7122605B2 - In-vehicle power supply - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an in-vehicle power supply device used in various vehicles.

A conventional power supply device will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional vehicle-mounted power supply device. Vehicle-mounted power supply device 1 has charging unit 2, power storage unit 3, and discharge unit 4, and power storage unit 3 is mounted on vehicle-mounted power supply unit 1. The electric power of the vehicle battery 6 is used to charge the vehicle 5 by the charging unit 2 when the vehicle 5 is activated or during the activation. Further, the electric power stored in the power storage unit 3 is supplied to the load 7 by operating the discharge unit 4 as required by the load 7 .

For example, Patent Document 1 is known as prior art document information related to the invention of this application.

WO2013/125170

However, in the conventional vehicle-mounted power supply device, when the vehicle 5 is left in a low-temperature environment and started to start up, the vehicle-mounted power supply device 1 performs the charging operation in the low temperature state. For this reason, especially when an electric double layer capacitor is used in the electric storage unit 3, the electric double layer capacitor has a lower electric storage capacity and an increase in the DC resistance of the electric double layer capacitor. It had a problem that the performance deteriorated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to suppress performance degradation due to a decrease in storage capacity and an increase in DC resistance of an electric double layer capacitor.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a mounting substrate, and a lead portion drawn out from a bottom surface of the mounting substrate in a predetermined area on one side of the mounting substrate, thereby forming a space from the mounting substrate. a plurality of spaced apart electric double layer capacitors; an input portion and an output portion disposed on one side or the other side of the mounting substrate; a power conversion circuit unit arranged on one surface for charging the plurality of electric double layer capacitors and discharging from the plurality of electric double layer capacitors; a shunt regulator circuit unit arranged in the space to charge the plurality of electric double layer capacitors, a signal receiving unit arranged on one side or the other side of the mounting board and receiving a start signal from the outside; a control circuit unit arranged on the one surface of the mounting substrate, connected to the signal receiving unit, and configured to control operations of the power conversion circuit unit and the shunt regulator circuit unit, the control circuit unit comprising: When the signal receiving unit detects that the activation signal has been received, the shunt regulator circuit unit is activated, and thereafter the power conversion circuit unit is activated to charge the plurality of electric double layer capacitors. It is characterized by

According to the present invention, when the in-vehicle power supply device starts up in a (low temperature) environment, the shunt regulator circuit first starts to charge the electric double layer capacitor, and the heat generated by the shunt regulator circuit starts to charge the electric double layer capacitor. Raise the temperature of the multilayer capacitor. As a result, it is possible to avoid operating the onboard power supply in a low temperature environment where the performance of the electric double layer capacitor tends to deteriorate, thereby preventing performance deterioration due to a decrease in the storage capacity of the electric double layer capacitor and an increase in DC resistance. can be suppressed.

1 is a side external view showing the configuration of an in-vehicle power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a top external view showing the configuration of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing an overview of the configuration of an on-vehicle power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention; First Operation Flowchart of Vehicle-mounted Power Supply Device in Embodiment of the Present Invention Second operation flowchart of the vehicle-mounted power supply device according to the embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of a shunt regulator circuit unit in an on-vehicle power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention Circuit block diagram of conventional in-vehicle power supply

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a side external view showing the configuration of a vehicle-mounted power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a top external view showing the configuration of the power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The in-vehicle power supply device 8 includes a mounting substrate 9, a plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10, an input section 11, an output section 12, a power conversion circuit section 13, a shunt regulator circuit section 14, a signal reception section 15, and a control circuit unit 16 . Mounting board 9 , multiple electric double layer capacitors 10 , power conversion circuit section 13 , shunt regulator circuit section 14 , and control circuit section 16 are arranged on one surface 9A of mounting board 9 . The input section 11, the output section 12, and the signal receiving section 15 may be arranged on either one surface 9A or the other surface 9B of the mounting board 9. FIG.

Each of the electric double layer capacitors 10 has a bottom surface portion 17 and lead portions 18 drawn out from the bottom surface portion 17 , and the lead portions 18 are joined to the mounting board 9 . Further, the electric double layer capacitor 10 is arranged with a space 19 separated from the mounting substrate 9 by bonding the lead portions 18 to the mounting substrate 9 . Furthermore, the plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 are arranged intensively within a predetermined area 20 surrounded by a dashed line.

The power conversion circuit unit 13 is connected to the input unit 11 and the output unit 12 and charges the electric double layer capacitor 10 and discharges the electric double layer capacitor 10 . The shunt regulator circuit section 14 is connected to the input section 11 and charges the electric double layer capacitor 10 . The signal receiving unit 15 receives a start signal from the outside of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 .

The control circuit unit 16 is connected to the power conversion circuit unit 13 , the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 and the signal reception unit 15 and controls operations of the power conversion circuit unit 13 and the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 . The control circuit unit 16 activates the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 upon detecting that the signal receiving unit 15 has received the activation signal. Further, the control circuit unit 16 activates the power conversion circuit unit 13 after activating the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 . Then, the shunt regulator circuit section 14 and the power conversion circuit section 13 charge the electric double layer capacitor 10 .

With the above configuration and operation, when the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 is activated, the shunt regulator circuit section 14 is activated first, thereby starting charging of the electric double layer capacitor 10 . Furthermore, the shunt regulator circuit section 14 raises the temperature of the electric double layer capacitor by heat generated by the shunt regulator circuit section 14 . Therefore, it is possible to avoid the operation of the in-vehicle power supply device 8 in a (low temperature) environment in which the performance of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is likely to deteriorate, especially the charging operation in a low temperature environment. It is possible to suppress deterioration in performance due to a decrease in capacity and an increase in DC resistance.

Details of the configuration and operation of the on-vehicle power supply device 8 will be described below with reference to FIGS. A description will be given with reference to a first operation flowchart of the vehicle-mounted power supply device according to the embodiment and a second operation flowchart of the vehicle-mounted power supply device according to the embodiment of the present invention in FIG.

The in-vehicle power supply device 8 is provided in the vehicle 21 as a backup power supply or an emergency power supply. When the vehicle 21 and the vehicle battery 23 are in good condition and the vehicle 21 is running, the power conversion circuit unit 13 continuously or intermittently charges the power storage unit 28, and the vehicle 21 stops running. Sometimes, all or part of the power stored in the storage unit 28 is discharged to the ground. Further, when the vehicle 21 or the vehicle battery 23 falls under an abnormal condition while the vehicle 21 is running, the power conversion circuit unit 13 is set to the output unit 12 so that the predetermined load 24 can be driven. or the power stored in the power storage unit 28 can be output from the output unit 12 .

Here, the operation of the in-vehicle power supply device 8 when the vehicle 21 is activated under the condition that the vehicle 21 and the vehicle battery 23 are sound and when the vehicle is activated will be described.

As described above, each of the plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 has a bottom surface portion 17 and lead portions 18 drawn out from the bottom surface portion 17 , and the lead portions 18 are joined to the mounting substrate 9 . The lead portions 18 of the electric double layer capacitor 10 are joined to the mounting substrate 9 , so that the electric double layer capacitor 10 is arranged with a space 19 between the mounting substrate 9 and the mounting substrate 9 . Furthermore, a plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 are arranged in a concentrated manner within a predetermined area 20 on one surface 9A of the mounting board 9 surrounded by a dashed line. The space corresponding to the space portion 19 includes the surface corresponding to the predetermined area 20 where the plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 are concentrated and the space from the one surface 9A of the mounting substrate 9 to the bottom surface portion 17 of the electric double layer capacitor 10. It may be a space having a height of distance.

In addition, the shunt regulator circuit section 14 is arranged in the space section 19 . . Therefore, the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the shunt regulator circuit section 14 are arranged close to each other, and the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the shunt regulator circuit section 14 are thermally separated by the mounting board 9 and the lead section 18. strongly bound. Therefore, when the shunt regulator circuit section 14 operates to output electric power, the heat generated by the shunt regulator circuit section 14 is easily and efficiently transmitted to the electric double layer capacitor 10 .

Here, the shunt regulator circuit section 14 may be a single circuit, or a plurality of shunt regulator circuit sections 14 may be dispersedly arranged in the space section 19 . It is desirable that the plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 be heated substantially evenly by the shunt regulator circuit section 14 . For this reason, the plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 and the plurality of shunts are arranged such that the distances separating the individual electric double layer capacitors 10 and the shunt regulator circuit section 14 to which the individual electric double layer capacitors 10 are closest are substantially equal. A regulator circuit unit 14 is preferably arranged. Also, the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 supplies power to all the electric double layer capacitors 10 substantially equally.

The in-vehicle power supply device 8 is mounted on a vehicle body 22 of a vehicle 21 , and a vehicle battery 23 mounted on the vehicle body 22 is connected to an input section 11 of the on-board power supply device 8 . A load 24 mounted on the vehicle body 22 is connected to the output section 12 of the on-vehicle power supply device 8 . A power conversion circuit unit 13 is connected between the input unit 11 and the output unit 12 of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8. A charging circuit 25 is provided on the input side of the power conversion circuit unit 13, and a discharging circuit is provided on the output side. A circuit 26 is provided. A power storage unit 28 is provided between a connection point 27 between the charging circuit 25 and the discharging circuit 26 and the ground. The power storage unit 28 is provided with a plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10, an electric circuit (not shown) capable of directly discharging the electric power of the electric double layer capacitors 10 to the ground, and the like.

When the control circuit unit 16 detects that the signal receiving unit 15 has received the activation signal transmitted from the outside of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8, the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 starts to start. The activation signal may be sent from a key switch (not shown) of the vehicle 21 by the passenger to the signal receiving unit 15 from the key switch or the vehicle 21 in response to the passenger turning on the key switch (not shown) of the vehicle 21, or the passenger may turn on an accessory of the vehicle 21. The signal may be sent from the vehicle 21 to the signal receiving unit 15 in response to turning on a switch (not shown), or may correspond to the passenger turning on the ignition switch (not shown) of the vehicle 21. may be sent from the vehicle 21 to the signal receiver 15. In other words, the activation signal is issued from the vehicle 21 to the signal receiving section 15 at the same time as the vehicle 21 is activated or just before the vehicle 21 is activated.

The control circuit unit 16 activates the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 upon detecting that the signal receiving unit 15 has received the activation signal. The power of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 may be output to the electric double layer capacitor 10, or the output of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 may be in an open state with no load. It may be output to other electrical equipment (not shown). When the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 outputs electric power to the electric double layer capacitors 10, the output voltage of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 is a value that makes the voltage applied to each electric double layer capacitor 10 equal to or lower than the rated voltage. good. At this time, the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 consumes power due to resistors in the circuit and the like during start-up regardless of whether power is output or not, and generates heat as the power is consumed.

As described above, since the shunt regulator circuit section 14 and the electric double layer capacitor 10 are arranged close to each other and are strongly thermally coupled, the heat generated from the shunt regulator circuit section 14 is immediately raises the temperature of the electric double layer capacitor 10 . In particular, when vehicle 21 has been left in a low-temperature environment for a long time, vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 and electric double layer capacitor 10 are also in a low-temperature state when vehicle 21 is started or just before it is started. Therefore, before the electric double layer capacitor 10 is charged with a large amount of power by the charging circuit 25 of the power conversion circuit section 13, the charging by the shunt regulator circuit section 14 with a smaller power than the charging by the power conversion circuit section 13 is performed. The temperature of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is raised to a level at which the performance of the on-vehicle power supply 8, especially the performance of the electric double layer capacitor 10, can be sufficiently exhibited only by heating or heating by the shunt regulator circuit unit 14.

This makes it possible to avoid the operation of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 in a (low temperature) environment in which the performance of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is likely to deteriorate, especially the charging operation in a low temperature environment. Also, it is possible to suppress performance deterioration due to a decrease in the storage capacity of the electric double layer capacitor 10 and an increase in DC resistance.

A condition may be set for starting the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 . For example, when the control circuit unit 16 detects an activation signal through the signal receiving unit 15, before the control circuit unit 16 activates the shunt regulator circuit unit 14, a predetermined portion of the vehicle body 22 or the on-vehicle power supply device 8 is activated.
Alternatively, the control circuit section 16 detects the temperature of at least one of the electric double layer capacitors 10 . The temperature detection of the in-vehicle power supply device 8 and the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be performed by a temperature detector 29 connected to the control circuit unit 16 or by a temperature detection circuit (not shown) provided in the power storage unit 28. may be executed. Further, the temperature detector 29 may function as a temperature signal receiving section to receive a temperature-related signal from the vehicle 21 and transmit the temperature-related signal to the control circuit section 16 .

Then, when the detected temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, the control circuit unit 16 activates the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 and then activates the power conversion circuit unit 13 . On the other hand, when the detected temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the control circuit unit 16 activates the power conversion circuit unit 13 without activating the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 .

Similarly, a condition may be set for starting and stopping the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 . For example, when the shunt regulator circuit section 14 is activated, the control circuit section 16 constantly or intermittently detects the temperature of at least one of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 and the electric double layer capacitor 10 . Then, when the detected temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, the control circuit section 16 continues to activate the shunt regulator circuit section 14 . On the other hand, when the detected temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, the control circuit section 16 stops the shunt regulator circuit section 14 and then starts the power conversion circuit section 13 . The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be the same or different values.

Alternatively, when the control circuit unit 16 detects the activation signal, the control circuit unit 16 activates the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 for a predetermined period, and then stops activation of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14. After that, The power conversion circuit unit 13 may be activated.

Alternatively, when the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 outputs electric power to the electric double layer capacitor 10 to charge the electric double layer capacitor 10, when the terminal voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 reaches a predetermined charging voltage, the control The circuit unit 16 may stop activation of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 and then activate the power conversion circuit unit 13 .

The control circuit unit 16 stops activation of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 when the terminal voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 reaches the predetermined charging voltage as described above, and then activates the power conversion circuit unit 13. Alternatively, the power conversion circuit unit 13 may be activated while the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 is kept in the activated state.

Further, when the power conversion circuit unit 13 starts to start, the control circuit unit 16 constantly or intermittently detects the terminal voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 . Then, when the terminal voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 reaches the full charge voltage or a value corresponding to the full charge voltage, the control circuit unit 16 stops the activation of the power conversion circuit unit 13 . The start-up of the power conversion circuit unit 13 here is the start-up related to the charging operation as described above, and mainly refers to the start-up of the charge circuit 25 charging the electric double layer capacitor 10 . The discharge circuit 26 may be activated at the same time, but the operation is performed when the vehicle 21 is activated under a healthy condition of the vehicle 21 and the vehicle battery 23, or when the vehicle 21 is activated. , the discharge circuit 26 is often not activated.

Here, the control circuit section 16 may be arranged in the space section 19 on the one surface 9A of the mounting board 9 . A shunt regulator circuit section 14 is arranged in the space section 19 . FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the shunt regulator circuit section in the on-vehicle power supply device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The shunt regulator circuit section 14 uses the power supplied to the input terminal 30 as a basic operation from the output terminal 31 to Output constant voltage. As an example of the shunt regulator circuit unit 14,
The collector and emitter of a transistor 32 are connected to the input terminal 30 and the output terminal 31, respectively, the cathode of a Zener diode 33 is connected to the base of the transistor 32, and the resistor 34 is connected between the base and collector of the transistor 32. configuration is used. In order to stop the operation of the shunt regulator circuit section 14 as described above, a switch (not shown) is provided between the connection point between the resistor 34 and the base of the transistor 32 and the input terminal 30. , a switch (not shown) may be turned off.

The shunt regulator circuit unit 14 receives power from an input terminal 30 and outputs a constant voltage from an output terminal 31 that is roughly equivalent to the breakdown voltage of a Zener diode 33 . Here, in order to output a constant voltage output from the output terminal 31 , it is necessary to supply a voltage equal to or higher than the constant voltage output from the output terminal 31 to the input terminal 30 . A voltage drop corresponding to the difference between the voltage supplied to the input terminal 30 and the constant power output at the output terminal occurs at the resistor 34 . Therefore, when the shunt regulator circuit unit 14 operates, heat is generated due to power consumption in the resistor 34 . On the other hand, transistor 32 does not turn on and off at high frequencies. Therefore, the shunt regulator circuit portion 14 is not a circuit that emits much or a large amount of noise.

As a result, even if the shunt regulator circuit section 14 and the control circuit section 16 are arranged close to each other, the shunt regulator circuit section 14 and the control circuit section 16 are less likely to adversely affect each other. Furthermore, by arranging many devices such as the shunt regulator circuit section 14 and the control circuit section 16 in the space portion 19, the floor area or volume of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 8 can be reduced. Also, the charging circuit 25 and the discharging circuit 26 of the power conversion circuit unit 13 may use a switching converter, which generates noise due to the switching operation. Therefore, in order to suppress the influence on the control circuit unit 16, the power conversion circuit unit 13 should be arranged outside the predetermined area 20 surrounded by the dashed line, in other words, outside the space 19. preferably Further, the power conversion circuit unit 13 has a feature of generating heat with switching operation. For this reason, the power conversion circuit unit 13 is arranged outside the predetermined area 20 surrounded by the dashed line also in terms of suppressing the characteristic deterioration due to the excessive temperature rise of the electric double layer capacitor 10. is desirable.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The in-vehicle power supply device of the present invention has the effect of suppressing deterioration in performance due to a decrease in storage capacity of an electric double layer capacitor and an increase in DC resistance, and is useful in various in-vehicle electronic devices.

8 In-Vehicle Power Supply 9 Mounting Board 9A One Side 9B Other Side 10 Electric Double Layer Capacitor 11 Input Section 12 Output Section 13 Power Conversion Circuit Section 14 Shunt Regulator Circuit Section 15 Signal Receiver Section 16 Control Circuit Section 17 Bottom Section 18 Lead Section 19 Space Section 20 Predetermined Area 21 Vehicle 22 Vehicle Body 23 Vehicle Battery 24 Load 25 Charging Circuit 26 Discharging Circuit 27 Connection Point 28 Electric Storage Unit 29 Temperature Detector 30 Input Terminal 31 Output Terminal 32 Transistor 33 Zener Diode 34 Resistor

Claims (5)

a mounting board;
a plurality of electric double layer capacitors arranged within a predetermined area on one surface of the mounting substrate with a space from the mounting substrate by joining lead portions drawn out from the bottom surface thereof; an input section and an output section arranged on one side or the other side;
A power conversion circuit unit connected to the input unit and the output unit, arranged on the one surface of the mounting substrate, and configured to charge the plurality of electric double layer capacitors and discharge the plurality of electric double layer capacitors. When,
a shunt regulator circuit unit connected to the input unit and arranged in the space on the one surface of the mounting substrate to charge the plurality of electric double layer capacitors;
a signal receiving unit arranged on one side or the other side of the mounting substrate for receiving a start signal from the outside;
a control circuit unit arranged on the one surface of the mounting substrate, connected to the signal receiving unit, and configured to control operations of the power conversion circuit unit and the shunt regulator circuit unit;
When the control circuit unit detects that the signal receiving unit has received the activation signal,
activating the shunt regulator circuit unit, and then activating the power conversion circuit unit to charge the plurality of electric double layer capacitors;
In-vehicle power supply. The amount of power charged to the plurality of electric double layer capacitors by the shunt regulator circuit is smaller than the amount of power charged to the plurality of electric double layer capacitors by the power conversion circuit.
The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1 . The control circuit unit detects the temperature of the electric double layer capacitor after receiving the activation signal,
When the control circuit unit determines that the temperature of the electric double layer capacitor is lower than the threshold temperature value,
activating the shunt regulator circuit unit, and then activating the power conversion circuit unit;
When the control circuit unit determines that the temperature of the electric double layer capacitor is higher than the threshold temperature value,
activating the power conversion circuit without activating the shunt regulator circuit unit;
The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1 . After receiving the activation signal, the control circuit unit
activating the shunt regulator circuit unit for a predetermined period, and then stopping the shunt regulator circuit unit;
After stopping activation of the shunt regulator circuit unit, activating the power conversion circuit;
The in-vehicle backup power supply according to claim 1. The control circuit unit
arranged in the space on the one surface of the mounting substrate,
The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1 .

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