JP7117094B2 - power generation system - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power generation system using a power generator having a generator and an engine for driving the same.

In order to supply power to power consumers in an emergency, an emergency power generator is sometimes provided (for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Literature 1 proposes a power supply system in which power is shared among a plurality of power consumers in an emergency.

JP 2017-017974 A

In the past, emergency generators were not normally used. In addition, there is concern that large-scale blackouts and disasters may damage the normal power transmission system (especially the upstream side), causing a wide range of social infrastructure and life infrastructure to stop functioning. Therefore, it is required to effectively utilize emergency power generators to contribute to the resilience of society.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that effectively utilizes an emergency power generation device to improve the resilience of society.

In order to achieve the above object, the power generation system of the present invention comprises a power generator having a power generator and an engine for driving the power generator; a power switching means for switching between a state of supplying power to a consumer, and the power switching means being a normal time when power is supplied to the power consumer via an external power transmission system including the power transmission and distribution equipment. and supply and sell the power to the power transmission and distribution facility only at a specific time when a predetermined trading condition is satisfied; It is configured to supply said power only to a third party. The power supply from the power generation device in an emergency to the power consumer may be performed via a power transmission and distribution facility, or may be performed via a supply system separate from the power transmission and distribution facility. Here, "engine" means a heat engine such as a gas turbine engine, a diesel engine, a gas engine, or an Otto cycle engine.

According to this configuration, the power generator is utilized both in normal times and in emergencies. As a result, it is possible to secure a power supply in an emergency and improve the resilience of society, and also to realize a stable power supply even in normal times. In addition, since the use of power generation equipment during normal times is limited to specific times, such as times of high power demand and times of high demand from power buyers (electricity retailers), the power generation equipment can be used effectively. can be utilized.

The present invention further comprises a hot water generator for generating hot water using the heat of the exhaust gas of the engine, a water storage tank for storing the hot water generated by the hot water generator, and the hot water taken out from the water storage tank. A hot water supply line for supplying heat to a heat demander may be provided as a heat source. The electric power consumer and the heat consumer may be the same or different. According to this configuration, hot water can be supplied at low cost using the heat of exhaust gas from the engine, and overall energy efficiency can be improved by cogeneration.

When the water storage tank is provided, a domestic water supply line may be further provided for supplying the water taken out from the water storage tank as domestic water to a water demander. The heat demander and the water demander may be the same or different. According to this configuration, hot water as a heat source and domestic water can be taken out from one water storage tank.

When the hot water generator is provided, a chimney for discharging the exhaust gas to the outside, and when the exhaust gas is allowed to flow into the chimney via the hot water generator or flow into the chimney without the hot water generator and exhaust gas switching means for switching between the cases. According to this configuration, for example, when the water supply is stopped due to a disaster or the like, it is possible to prevent overheating of the hot water generator by avoiding introduction of exhaust gas into the hot water generator.

According to the power generation system of the present invention, by utilizing the emergency power generation device even in normal times, the resilience of society is improved in times of emergency, and power supply in normal times is stabilized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a system diagram which shows the electric power generation system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram which shows the electric power supply at the time of abnormality of the same power generation system. It is a system diagram showing a power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a system diagram which shows the electric power supply at the time of abnormality of the same power generation system. It is a system diagram which shows the electric power generation system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a system diagram which shows the electric power supply at the time of abnormality of the same power generation system.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are system diagrams showing a power generation system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, power produced at power plant 2 is sent to substation 6 via primary transmission line 4 . The power plant 2 is owned by, for example, a local electric power company, power generation company, or the like. The power stepped down at the substation 6 is supplied to the general consumer 11 and the power consumer 12 via the secondary transmission line 8 directly or through the branch point P1 after being stepped down by the transformer 10 . These primary transmission line 4, substation 6, secondary transmission line 8 and transformer 10 constitute a power transmission and distribution facility TD. The power transmission and distribution facility TD is owned by an electric power company, a power generation company, or a power transmission and distribution company. The power plant 2 and the power transmission/distribution facility TD form an "external power transmission system" that normally supplies power to the general consumer 11 and the power consumer 12 .

Electricity is supplied to the general consumer 11 and the electricity consumer 12 based on a contract with the electricity marketer 24 . The power marketer 24 procures as much power as the general consumer 11 and the power consumer 12 need. In other words, the power trader 24 is an electricity intermediary (retailer) that purchases power from an electric power company, a power generation company, or the like, and supplies power to the general consumers 11 and the power consumers 12 . It should be noted that the electric power company or power generation company that owns the power plant 2 and the power trader 24 may be the same. Also, the electric power company or power generation company that has the power plant 2 and the power transmission and distribution company that has the power transmission and distribution equipment TD may be the same.

In the following description, the state in which power is supplied to the power consumer 12 via the external power transmission system is referred to as "normal time", and the state in which power is not supplied to the power consumer 12 via the external power transmission system. is called an "emergency". The power consumer 12 of the present embodiment is a specific consumer who has a contract with the power marketer 24 to receive power supply from the power generator 14 described below in an emergency. On the other hand, general consumers 11 are other general consumers.

The power generation system 1 further includes a power generation device 14 and power switching means 16 . The power generation device 14 is an emergency power generation device for supplying power to the power consumer 12 in an emergency. The power generation device 14 is used, for example, as an emergency power generation device for buildings such as condominiums and buildings. The generator 14 has a generator 18 and an engine 20 that drives it. The engine 20 of this embodiment is a gas turbine engine. Gas turbine engines are suitable for emergency use because of their fast start-up. However, the engine 20 is not limited to a gas turbine engine, and may be, for example, a heat engine such as a diesel engine, a gas engine, or an Otto cycle engine.

The gas turbine engine 20 of this embodiment uses city gas as fuel. Using city gas as fuel makes it easier to obtain fuel. However, the fuel for the engine 20 is not limited to city gas. The power generation system 1 of this embodiment further includes an emergency fuel tank 22 . The emergency fuel tank 22 stores fuel to be supplied to the engine 20 when the supply of city gas is stopped. As a result, the power generation device 14 can be operated even when the supply of city gas is stopped.

The power switching means 16 switches the power supply system between when the power obtained from the power generator 14 is supplied to the power transmission and distribution facility TD for trading and when the power is supplied to the power consumer 12 . Specifically, the power switching means 16 supplies and sells power to the power transmission and distribution equipment TD only during normal times and at specific times when predetermined trading conditions are satisfied, and supplies power to the power consumers 12 in an emergency. is configured to That is, normally, the power generation device 14 operates only at specific times and is stopped at other times. The power supplied to the power transmission and distribution facility TD is, for example, purchased by the power marketer 24 and supplied to the general consumer 11 and the power consumer 12 based on the contract with the power marketer 24 .

A predetermined trading condition is, for example, that the market price of electricity is higher than a predetermined value. In this case, the specific time is a time period when the market price of electricity is higher than a predetermined value, that is, a time period when electricity demand is high.

In this embodiment, as described above, the power consumer 12 makes an advance contract with the power trader 24 so that the power generator 14 supplies power to the power consumer 12 in an emergency. Specifically, the power consumption of the power consumer 12 is managed by a smart meter installed for each power consumer 12 . By utilizing the communication function of the smart meter to detect a power failure and controlling the power switching means 16 with the control device 15, the power supply destination can be switched. When a smart meter is not used, power failure detection means (not shown) provided in the power transmission system from the outside including the primary power transmission line 4 and the secondary power transmission line 8 may determine an emergency (power failure). The power failure detection means is, for example, a sensor that detects current, voltage, power, and the like.

Next, the power supply of the power generation system 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. FIG. 1 shows the power flow during normal operation, and FIG. 2 shows the power flow during emergency. However, the flow of power in normal times and in emergencies is not limited to that of this embodiment.

During the normal time of FIG. 1, as described above, power is supplied to the general consumer 11 and the power consumer 12 via the power transmission system from the outside. Further, the power switching means 16 is switched by the control device 15 so as to supply power to the power transmission and distribution facility TD for trading, and the power generation device 14 operates only at a specific time during normal operation, and the dashed arrow EP , supplies power to the transmission and distribution facility TD. The power switching means 16 is, for example, a changeover switch.

FIG. 2 illustrates a case where trouble occurs in the primary power transmission line 4 and power is no longer supplied to the power consumer 12 via the power transmission system from the outside. In the emergency of FIG. 2 , the power switching means 16 is switched to supply power to the power consumer 12 , and the generator 14 always operates to supply power to the power consumer 12 .

According to the above configuration, the power generator 14 is used both in the normal state of FIG. 1 and in the emergency state of FIG. As a result, it is possible to secure a power supply in emergencies and improve the resilience of society, as well as to realize a stable power supply even during normal times. In addition, since the normal operation of the power generation device 14 is limited to specific times during periods of high power demand, the power generation device 14 can be effectively utilized.

3 and 4 are system diagrams showing a power generation system 1A according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals are given to the same components as in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. In the second embodiment, the power generation device 14 of FIG. 3 is used as an emergency power generation device for a housing complex H such as an apartment, and supplies power to residents of the housing complex H and pre-contracted power consumers 12 in the vicinity in an emergency. supply.

The power generation system 1A of this embodiment includes a hot water generator 26 installed together with the power generation device 14 in the housing complex H, a water storage tank 28, and a hot water supply line 30. As shown in FIG. The hot water generator 26 uses the heat of the exhaust gas G from the engine 20 to generate hot water. The water storage tank 28 stores hot water generated by the hot water generator 26 . The water storage tank 28 of this embodiment has a heat insulating structure. Tap water W, for example, is supplied to the water storage tank 28 . The hot water generator 26 of this embodiment is arranged in the lower part of the water storage tank 28 and consists of a heat exchanger (economizer) for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas G and water. However, the hot water generator 26 is not limited to this.

The hot water supply line 30 supplies hot water taken out from the water storage tank 28 to the heat demander 32 . This hot water is used as a heat source for hot water supply, air conditioning (cooling and heating), and the like. Here, the "heat consumer" refers to a household that receives hot water generated using exhaust heat from the engine 20 of the power generator 14 and uses this hot water as a heat source. In this embodiment, the heat demander 32 is each dwelling unit of the collective housing H. As shown in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, each dwelling unit of the collective housing H is both the power consumer 12 and the heat consumer 32 . Therefore, in the present embodiment, hot water is not supplied to the electric power consumers 12 other than the housing complex H. FIG. The electric power consumer 12 and the heat consumer 32 may partially match (only all the units of the housing complex H) as in the present embodiment, may match entirely, or may be completely different. good.

The power generation system 1A of this embodiment further includes a domestic water supply line 34 . The domestic water supply line 34 supplies the water taken out from the water storage tank 28 to the water consumer 33 . Here, the "water consumer" refers to a household that uses the water taken out from the water storage tank 28 as domestic water. In this embodiment, the water consumer 33 is each dwelling unit of the collective housing H. As shown in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, each dwelling unit of the collective housing H is the power consumer 12 , the heat consumer 32 , and the water consumer 33 . Therefore, in this embodiment, water (living water) is not supplied to households other than the housing complex H. FIG. In this embodiment, the heat consumer 32 and the water consumer 33 are completely the same, but they may be different, or they may be partially the same.

The water storage tank 28 has a shape elongated in the vertical direction, and hot water is stored in the upper part and cold water is stored in the lower part. Therefore, the hot water supply line 30 is connected to the upper portion of the water storage tank 28 and the domestic water supply line 34 is connected to the lower portion of the water storage tank 28 . As a result, hot water and domestic water can be taken out from one hot water generator 26 and water storage tank 28 .

The power generation system 1A of this embodiment further includes a chimney 36 for discharging the exhaust gas G to the outside and an exhaust gas switching means 38 . The exhaust gas switching means 38 is used when the exhaust gas G flows into the chimney 36 via the hot water generator 26 (hot water generator 26 side) and when it flows into the chimney 36 without passing the hot water generator 26 (chimney 36 side). switch between The exhaust gas switching means 38 is, for example, a damper attached to the exhaust passage.

Next, the operation of the power generation system 1A of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. FIG. 3 shows normal operation, and FIG. 4 shows emergency operation. In the normal time of FIG. 3, power is supplied to the power consumer 12 via the power transmission system from the outside, as described above. Further, the power switching means 16 is switched by the control device 15 so as to supply power to the power transmission and distribution facility TD for trading, and the power generation device 14 operates only at a specific time during normal operation, and the dashed arrow EP , supplies power to the transmission and distribution facility TD.

The exhaust gas switching means 38 is switched to the hot water generator 26 side when a certain amount or more of water is stored in the water storage tank 28 . In this state, when the generator 14 is normally operating at a specific time, hot water is generated by the hot water generator 26 using exhaust heat from the engine 20 and stored in the water storage tank 28 . This hot water is supplied to the heat consumer 32 and used as a heat source for hot water supply, air conditioning, and the like. If the operating time of the power generation device 14 in normal times is set to be longer than the time required to generate a day's worth of hot water for the water consumer 32, a day's worth of heat sources for hot water supply and air conditioning can be secured.

In the emergency of FIG. 4 , the power switching means 16 is switched by the control device 15 to supply power to the power consumer 12 . The power generation device 14 is always operated, and the power generated by the power generation device 14 is supplied to the power consumer 12 . When the supply of water to the water storage tank 28 is continued even in an emergency, the exhaust gas switching means 38 is switched to the hot water generator 26 side. At this time, the generated hot water is supplied to the heat demander 32 via the hot water supply line 30, and is used as a heat source for hot water supply, air conditioning, etc., as in normal times.

In an emergency and when the water supply to the water storage tank 28 is stopped, the exhaust gas switching means 38 is switched to the chimney 36 side. That is, the exhaust gas G from the engine 20 is discharged directly from the chimney 36 without passing through the hot water generator 26 . At this time, the water in the water storage tank 28 is supplied to the water consumer 33 through the domestic water supply line 34 and used as domestic water. The switching timing of the exhaust gas switching means 38 is not limited to this embodiment.

The second embodiment also has the same effects as the first embodiment described above. Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, the heat of the exhaust gas G from the engine E can be used to supply hot water at low cost, and cogeneration can improve the overall energy efficiency. In particular, when a gas turbine engine is used as the engine 20, the amount of exhaust gas is large and the temperature of the exhaust gas is high, so the efficiency of the hot water generator 26 (heat exchanger) is high.

Water taken out from the water storage tank 28 is supplied to the water consumer 33 as domestic water. As a result, from one water storage tank 28 , hot water can be taken out as a heat source and supplied to heat demanders 32 , and water can be taken out as domestic water and supplied to water demanders 33 .

Furthermore, exhaust gas switching means 38 for switching the destination of the exhaust gas G from the engine 20 between the hot water generator 26 side and the chimney 36 side is provided. As a result, for example, when the supply of tap water W is stopped due to a disaster or the like, it is possible to prevent overheating of the hot water generator 26 by avoiding introduction of the exhaust gas G into the hot water generator 26 . In addition, domestic water can be supplied even when the water supply is cut off.

The water stored in the water storage tank 28 is not limited to tap water (tap water), and may be non-drinkable water (recycled water, miscellaneous service water) containing an antirust agent.
As a modification, the domestic water supply line 34 and the water consumer 33 may be omitted from FIGS. In this modified example as well, cogeneration can improve overall energy efficiency.

5 and 6 are system diagrams showing a power generation system 1B according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals are assigned to the same components as in the second embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

The power generation system 1B of the third embodiment includes a first supply system 40 that normally supplies the power obtained from the power generation device 14 to the power transmission and distribution equipment TD and sells it, and a power consumer 12 that supplies the power of the power generation device 14 in an emergency. It is separately provided with a second supply system 42 that supplies to. That is, the power switching means 16 of the third embodiment switches to the first supply system 40 in normal times, and switches to the second supply system 42 in an emergency. In this embodiment, the second supply system 42 is connected to each dwelling unit of the collective housing H. As shown in FIG. That is, each dwelling unit of the collective housing H is a power demander 12 . However, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5, the second supply system 42 can be extended to connect to pre-contracted dwelling units and buildings in addition to the housing complex H.

Next, the operation of the power generation system 1B of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. FIG. 5 shows normal operation, and FIG. 6 shows emergency operation. In the normal time of FIG. 5, power is supplied to the power consumer 12 via the power transmission system from the outside as described above. In addition, the power switching means 16 is switched to the first supply system 40, and the power generation device 14 operates only at a specific time during normal operation, and supplies power to the power transmission and distribution equipment TD as indicated by the dashed arrow EP. do.

In the emergency of FIG. 6, the power switching means 16 is switched to the second supply system 42, and the power generator 14 always operates to supply the power consumer 12 with power.

The supply of hot water and domestic water during normal times and emergencies is the same as in the above-described second embodiment. The power generation system 1B of the third embodiment has the same effects as those of the second embodiment.

As the gas turbine engine 20 of the first to third embodiments, it is preferable to employ a dual-fuel low NOx combustor and normally perform low NOx operation using city gas. This makes it possible to achieve environmental protection. In addition, in the second and third embodiments, if a device such as an absorption chiller that uses hot water as a heat source to generate cold water is provided, cold water for air conditioning can be supplied at low cost in summer.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various additions, changes, or deletions are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, such are also included within the scope of this invention.

1, 1A, 1B Power generation system 12 Power demander 14 Power generation device 15 Control device 16 Power switching means 18 Generator 20 Engine 26 Hot water generator 28 Water storage tank 30 Hot water supply line 32 Heat demander 33 Water demander 34 Domestic water supply line 36 Chimney 38 Exhaust gas switching means TD Power transmission and distribution equipment

Claims (4)

an emergency generator having a generator and an engine for driving the generator;
a power switching means for switching between a case where the power obtained from the power generation device is supplied to a power transmission and distribution facility for trading and a case where the power is supplied to a power consumer,
The power switching means is a normal time when power is supplied to the power consumer through an external power transmission system including the power transmission and distribution equipment, and only at a specific time when a predetermined trading condition is satisfied. A power generation system configured to supply and sell the electric power to facilities, and to supply the electric power to the electric power consumer in an emergency when electric power is not supplied to the electric power consumer through the transmission system from the outside. 2. The power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a hot water generator that utilizes the heat of exhaust gas from the engine to generate hot water;
a water storage tank for storing hot water generated by the hot water generator;
and a hot water supply line that supplies the hot water taken out from the water storage tank as a heat source to a heat demander. 3. The power generation system according to claim 2, further comprising a domestic water supply line for supplying water taken out from said water storage tank as domestic water to a water demander. 4. The power generation system according to claim 2 , further comprising a chimney for discharging the exhaust gas to the outside,
A power generation system comprising exhaust gas switching means for switching between a case where the exhaust gas is allowed to flow into the chimney via the hot water generator and a case where the exhaust gas is allowed to flow into the chimney without the hot water generator.

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