JP7110087B2 - combine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention comprises a feed chain that supplies harvested culms to a threshing device, a clutch mechanism that turns on and off (interrupts) the driving force transmitted to the feed chain, and an operation part that turns on and off the clutch mechanism by the driving force of a motor. Regarding the combine harvester.

As a combine harvester having the above configuration, Patent Document 1 discloses that a clutch mechanism (feed chain clutch in the document) is provided at the feeding end position of the feed chain. A technique for switching from an on state to an off state is described.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a cam is provided on a support shaft that rotates by the driving force of an electric (clutch motor in the document) motor, and a cam follower (an operation unit in the document) is provided in contact with the cam surface of the cam, and the driving force of the motor is provided. describes a technique in which an operation cable is operated by the swinging force of a cam follower when a support shaft rotates to enable turning on and off of a clutch mechanism.

Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which a plurality of cams are provided on a support shaft and a plurality of cam followers are provided correspondingly, so that the reaper clutch and the threshing clutch can be switched on and off. .

JP 2015-198580 A JP-A-2001-224229

In the clutch mechanism described in Patent Document 1, an output gear is loosely supported on an output shaft, a transmission tube is slidably spline-fitted with respect to the output shaft in a direction along the axis, and is engaged with a pawl of the output gear. , By positioning the transmission cylinder so that the claws of the transmission cylinder are engaged, the clutch mechanism is put in the engaged state (transmission state), and by separating the claws, it is turned off (disconnected state). is configured to

Since the feed chain has the function of securely conveying the harvested culms while holding them, it is inappropriate to use a friction clutch to interrupt and interrupt the driving force transmitted to the feed chain. As described, an interlocking clutch is used in which the pawls engage with each other. Also, the clutch mechanism for controlling the driving and stopping of the feed chain is provided with a spring that exerts an urging force to maintain the engaged state.

Here, as described in Patent Document 2, in a configuration in which a cam body is rotated by the driving force of a motor and the tension of the operation wire is controlled in conjunction with the displacement of the cam follower in contact with the cam surface of the cam body, Since the change in the tension of the operating wire is small, it was also considered that it would be difficult to shift from the off state to the on state.

That is, even if the clutch mechanism is configured to maintain the engaged state by the urging force of the spring as described in Patent Document 1, the clutch mechanism is shifted from the disengaged state to the engaged state as described in Patent Document 2. In a device that controls the tension of the wire when switching, the transmission tube moves at a low speed, and even if the transmission tube claw contacts the output gear claw, the claws and claws will not engage properly before they mesh properly. In some cases, a force is applied between the parts in the direction of separation from each other, and extra time is required to reach a state of engagement.

For these reasons, there is a demand for a combine harvester that can quickly and reliably shift the clutch mechanism to the engaged state even if the clutch mechanism is controlled in conjunction with the displacement of the cam follower that contacts the cam surface of the cam body.

The combine according to the present invention is characterized by a feed chain that supplies harvested culms to a threshing device, a clutch mechanism that turns on and off the driving force transmitted to the feed chain, and a forward rotation of a motor that disengages the clutch mechanism. an operating portion for transmitting driving force of the motor to the clutch mechanism by an interlocking mechanism so that the clutch mechanism is engaged by reverse rotation of the motor, wherein the operating portion is a cam rotated by the driving force of the motor. a body, a cam follower that transmits the displacement following the cam surface of the cam body to the interlocking mechanism, and a displacement speed of the cam follower when the motor is reversed while the clutch mechanism is in a disengaged state. a speed increasing mechanism that increases the displacement speed of the cam follower when the cam follower is displaced , the clutch mechanism includes a biasing member that applies a biasing force toward the engaged operation position, and the speed increasing mechanism is the clutch mechanism. a restraining portion that temporarily restrains the displacement of the cam follower while continuing the rotation of the cam body accompanying the reverse rotation of the motor when the motor reverses in the off state; The displacement speed of the cam follower is increased by releasing the restraint of the cam follower, and the cam follower is provided on an arm body that is swingably supported, and the speed increasing mechanism is adapted to move the arm body by the restraint part. The point is that after restraining the rocking movement, the restraint is released by a release arm that operates in conjunction with the rotation of the cam body .

According to this characteristic configuration, when the motor is reversed while the clutch mechanism is in the disengaged state, the displacement of the cam follower that follows the cam surface in conjunction with the rotation of the cam body is transmitted to the clutch mechanism via the linkage mechanism. , the engagement operation of this clutch mechanism becomes possible. In particular, when the motor is reversed, the speed increasing mechanism increases the displacement speed of the cam follower faster than the displacement speed of the cam follower when the clutch mechanism is disengaged. Even if it is an interlocking type, it is possible to speed up the moving speed in the direction in which the nails are interlocked in a short period of time.
In this characteristic configuration, when the motor is reversed, the restraining portion suppresses displacement of the cam follower while continuing the rotation of the cam body. The urging force of the member enables the cam follower to be displaced in a short period of time to the position where it contacts the cam surface.
Therefore, even if the clutch mechanism is controlled in conjunction with the displacement of the cam follower in contact with the cam surface of the cam body, the combine harvester can quickly and reliably shift to the engaged state of the clutch mechanism.

As another configuration, the clutch mechanism includes a shift member having an occlusal claw and a transmission member having an occlusal claw that engages with the occlusal claw, and the shift member includes the occlusal claw and the occlusal claw. and a blocking position for separating the biting claw and the bitten claw, and the biasing member exerts a biasing force to operate the shift member to the transmission position. The interlocking mechanism may comprise an operation wire for operating the shift member to the blocking position against the biasing force of the biasing member by a pulling operation associated with swinging of the arm.

According to this, when the motor is reversed while the clutch mechanism is in the disengaged state, the swinging of the arm body is restrained by the restraining portion, and the cam body continues to rotate in this restrained state. The cam follower is separated from the surface and this separation distance is increased. Further, when the clutch mechanism is in the disengaged state, the biasing force of the biasing member acts in the direction of moving the shift member to the transmission position, and this biasing force acts on the operating arm via the operating wire. Thus, when the release arm releases the restraint of the arm body, the arm body can be freely swung, and as a result, the occlusal nail and the occlusal nail are operated at high speed by the required stroke. , the transition to the engaged state of the clutch mechanism can be reliably performed.

As another configuration, the restraining portion includes a ball that is protrudingly biased by a spring and a ball guide that determines the projection limit of the ball, and the arm or a part of the member linked to the arm is The swinging motion of the arm body is restrained by contacting the ball, and when a release force acts from the release arm, the contact of the ball can be released against the urging force of the spring. Also good.

According to this, it becomes possible to configure the restraining portion with a simple component of the spring and the ball, and it is possible to easily release the restraint.

It is a side view of a combine. It is a top view of a combine. FIG. 4 shows the clutch mechanism and the clutch operating unit in the engaged state; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a clutch mechanism and a clutch operating unit in a disengaged state; FIG. 10 is a view immediately after the release pin comes into contact with the release arm in the restrained state; FIG. 10 is a view immediately before the release arm is released from restraint by contact of the release pin; FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a release arm, a restraining part, and a configuration;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
〔overall structure〕
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a traveling machine body 2, which is self-propelled by a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 1, is provided with a reaping part 3 in the front part thereof, and a driving part 4 is arranged on the front right side of the traveling machine body 2 to run. A threshing device 5 is provided on the left side of the machine body 2, and a grain tank 6 is provided on the right side of the traveling machine body 2 in parallel with the threshing device 5 to constitute a self-threshing combine.

This combine harvester has a driver's seat 4a in an operation unit 4, a control lever, a meter panel, etc., in the vicinity of the driver's seat 4a, and a cabin 7 at a position covering them. An engine 8 is arranged below the operating section 4 .

The harvesting unit 3 includes a weed dividing tool 10 for dividing and guiding the base of the planted grain culm, a plurality of raising devices 11 for raising the divided planted grain culm in a vertical posture, and a planted grain culm that has been lifted. Equipped with a clipper type harvesting device 12 for cutting the base of the stock, and a conveying device 13 for feeding the harvested grain culms to the threshing device 5 by conveying them rearward while changing the posture from the vertical posture to the sideways posture gradually. there is

The threshing device 5 includes a grain-lifting/conveying unit 14 that feeds the grains sorted by the rocking sorting unit at the bottom upward and supplies them to the grain tank 6 . The grain tank 6 is provided with a grain discharging device 15 for discharging grains stored in the grain tank 6 to the outside of the machine.

On the left side of the threshing device 5, there are provided a feed chain 17 for supplying harvested grain culms to a threshing chamber (not shown), and a clamping rail 18 provided opposite to the upper side thereof. The feed chain 17 feeds the harvested grain culms from the conveying device 13 of the harvesting unit 3, and feeds the tip side of the harvested grain culms to the threshing chamber in a state where the root of the harvested grain culms is clamped, and is fed by the threshing cylinder in the threshing chamber. Allows threshing.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the feed chain 17 is wound around a driving sprocket 21 provided in a driving case 20 at the rear end of the conveying path, and is driven by the driving force of the driving sprocket 21 . When the feed chain 17 is stopped at an arbitrary timing, or when the feed chain 17 is stopped in conjunction with the rise of the reaping unit 3, the clutch mechanism FC stops the drive by interrupting the transmission of the driving force of the drive sprocket 21. is built in the drive case 20.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the traveling machine body 2 is provided with a clutch operation unit A (an example of an operation unit) that performs an on/off operation of the clutch mechanism FC by the driving force of an electric motor 34. The traveling machine body 2 is provided with an operation wire W (an example of an interlocking mechanism) for transmitting the operation force of the unit A (operation section) to the clutch mechanism FC. These details are described below.

[Drive case]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drive case 20 includes the drive sprocket 21 described above and an input pulley 22 to which the driving force from the threshing device 5 is transmitted via a transmission belt. A gear transmission mechanism 25 is provided between an output shaft 23 that rotates together with the drive sprocket 21 and an input shaft 24 that rotates together with the input pulley 22 .

Inside the driving case 20 of the output shaft 23 is provided a shift member 26 that is spline-fitted so as to be movable along the axis of the output shaft 23 . In the gear transmission mechanism 25 , a drive gear 25 a (an example of a transmission member) is loosely supported with respect to the output shaft 23 . A plurality of engaging claws 26T are formed on the shift member 26 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of engaged claws that can be engaged with the engaging claws 26T are formed on a surface of the driving gear 25a facing the shift member 26. 25T is formed.

Thus, a clutch mechanism FC (an example of a clutch mechanism) is configured by the shift member 26 having a plurality of engaging pawls 26T and the drive gear 25a having a plurality of engaged pawls 25T. A shifter 27 for shifting a shift member 26 is provided inside the drive case 20 , and a clutch operation lever 28 for operating the shifter 27 is provided outside the drive case 20 . A clutch operating lever 28 is connected to a shifter shaft 27a that oscillatably supports the shifter 27. By operating the clutch operating lever 28 to oscillate, the shifter 27 is oscillated in conjunction with the rotation of the shifter shaft 27a. , and the on/off of the clutch mechanism FC is realized.

In this clutch mechanism FC, the shift member 26 is set to the transmission position shown in FIG. Keep the FC off.

In particular, the drive case 20 has a first spring S1 inside the drive case 20 for biasing the shift member 26 toward the transmission position, and a spring outside the drive case 20 in a direction for actuating the shift member 26 toward the transmission position. A second spring S2 for biasing the clutch operating lever 28 is provided. The first spring S1 and the second spring S2 constitute a biasing member.

The operating wire W is composed of an outer tube Wa and an inner wire Wb, and the inner wire Wb is connected to the clutch operating lever 28 . As a result, when the inner wire Wb is loosened, the shift member 26 is held at the transmission position by the urging forces of the first spring S1 and the second spring S2, and the clutch mechanism FC is maintained in the engaged state. On the contrary, when tension acts on the inner wire Wb, the shift member 26 is operated to the disengaged position against the biasing force of the first spring S1 and the second spring S2, and the clutch mechanism FC is disengaged. Become.

[Clutch operation unit]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the clutch operation unit A is arranged on the right side of the threshing device 5 under the threshing device 5 . As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the clutch operation unit A includes a cylindrical drive shaft 33 rotatably fitted on a fixed shaft 32 fixed to a unit case 31. The drive shaft 33 is provided with a motor 34 that drives and rotates the The motor 34 is supported by the unit case 31 , and the unit case 31 is provided with a potentiometer (not shown) for measuring the rotation angle of the drive shaft 33 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drive shaft 33 is provided with a plate-like cam body 35 . The unit case 31 is also provided with a support shaft 36 fixed parallel to the fixed shaft 32. The support shaft 36 is provided with a cylindrical operating shaft 37 rotatably fitted on the operating shaft 37. An arm body 38 is provided, and a roller-like cam follower 39 is provided at the swinging end of the arm body 38 so as to be rotatable about a shaft body 39a.

Further, the operating shaft 37 is provided with an operation arm 41 and a release arm 42, which swing integrally with the arm body 38. As shown in FIG. An outer tube Wa of the operation wire W is fixed to the unit case 31 by a bracket 40 . An inner wire Wb of the operation wire W is connected to the operation arm 41 .

In this clutch operating unit A, a cam follower 39 is arranged so as to be able to contact the cam surface 35a of the cam body 35. As shown in FIG. The unit case 31 is provided with a stopper 43 that abuts on the release arm 42 in order to determine the rocking limit of the operation arm 41, the arm body 38 and the release arm 42 on the entry side of the clutch mechanism FC. A release pin 44 is provided which contacts the swing end of the arm 42 .

A pair of engaging portions 42a are formed at the base end portion of the release arm 42, and as shown in FIG. Each ball 46 of R (an example of a speed increasing mechanism) is engaged. The arm body 38 may be formed with an engaging portion 42a with which the ball 46 of the restraining portion R (speed increasing mechanism) engages.

That is, when the clutch mechanism FC is operated to the disengaged state by the driving force of the motor 34, the unit case 31 engages with the pair of engagement portions 42a at the proximal end of the release arm 42, thereby disengaging the arm body 38. A pair of restraining portions R for restraining the rocking motion are provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the restraining portion R includes a ball 46 projecting by the biasing force of a spring 45 and a ball guide 47 for determining the projecting limit of the ball 46. As shown in FIG.

[Operation form]
In this clutch operation unit A, the cam follower 39 is separated from the cam surface 35a of the cam body 35 as shown in FIG. 3 when the clutch mechanism FC is in the disengaged state. Also, in this state, the release arm 42 contacts the stopper 43 due to the action of the urging forces of the first spring S1 and the second spring S2, so that the arm body 38 is held at the swing limit.

This combine has a control device (not shown) that controls the motor 34, and the rotational posture of the drive shaft 33 is detected by a potentiometer and fed back to the control device. Further, after the clutch mechanism FC is engaged by the reverse rotation of the motor 34, control is performed to stop the motor 34 when the cam body 35 reaches the posture shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the clutch mechanism FC is engaged and the clutch mechanism FC is disengaged, the forward rotation of the motor 34 causes the drive shaft 33 to rotate clockwise in FIG. The cam follower 39 is displaced while being in contact with the cam surface 35 a of the cam body 35 . With this displacement, as shown in FIG. 4, the operating arm 41 swings around the operating shaft 37, pulling the inner wire Wb of the operating wire W, and the shift member 26 moves to the blocking position as the tension increases. operated by

When the clutch mechanism FC is thus disengaged, the arm body 38 swings to the posture shown in FIG. The R ball 46 is engaged and the motor 34 is stopped in this engaged state. Further, in this state, the state in which the cam follower 39 abuts on the cam surface 35a of the cam body 35 is maintained.

When the clutch mechanism FC is operated to the engaged state, control is performed to reverse the motor 34, and the drive shaft 33 starts rotating counterclockwise. This rotation causes the cam body 35 to start rotating, but since the balls 46 of the corresponding restraining portion R engage with the pair of engaging portions 42a of the release arm 42, as shown in FIG. Even when the cam follower 39 is separated from the cam surface 35a, the state of the inner wire Wb being pulled is maintained, and the clutch mechanism FC is maintained in the disengaged state.

5 to 7, the release pin 44 formed on the cam body 35 comes into contact with the oscillating end of the release arm 42, and the release arm 42 is released. By forcibly swinging (swinging the swing end to the right in FIG. 6), the engaging portions 42a of the corresponding release arms 42 are separated from the balls 46 of the pair of restraining portions R, and the restraint is released. be.

As shown in FIG. 7, since the restraining portion R includes a spring 45 and a ball 46, when the engagement of the engaging portion 42a is released, the engaging portion 42a pushes the ball 46 against the biasing force of the spring 45, and this action releases the contact between the ball 46 and the engaging portion 42a. and release arm 42 are free to swing.

After the restraint is released in this manner, control is performed to stop the motor 34 when the cam body 35 reaches the posture shown in FIG.

In particular, when the restraint is released, since the engaging portion 42a is separated from the ball 46, the arm body 38 swings at high speed due to the tension acting on the inner wire Wb. operates at high speed by the urging forces of the first spring S1 and the second spring S2. Further, when the restraint is released, the operable amount of the shift member 26 (the amount of operable movement in the direction in which the clutch mechanism FC is operated to enter) is the engaging claw 26T of the shift member 26 and the driving gear 25a. Therefore, the engagement claw 26T and the engaged claw 25T can be reliably engaged to engage the clutch mechanism FC without causing an engagement failure. Manipulate.

In other words, even if the motor 34 starts to reversely rotate, the clutch mechanism FC is maintained in the engaged state and the tension acting on the operating wire W is maintained until the restraint at the restraining portion R is released. In such a situation, when the engagement of the pair of engaging portions 42a is released by the force acting from the release arm 42, the arm body 38 on the support shaft 36 can be freely swung at the release timing. Therefore, the tension applied from the operation wire W causes the arm body 38 to swing greatly at high speed in a short period of time. As a result, the engaging pawl 26T is reliably engaged with the engaged pawl 25T, and the clutch mechanism FC is reliably engaged.

[Another embodiment]
The present invention may be configured as follows (components having the same functions as those of the embodiments are given the same numbers and symbols as those of the embodiments) in addition to the above-described embodiments.

(a) Software or logic to set the driving mode of the motor 34 so that the motor 34 is driven at a predetermined speed when the motor 34 is rotating in the forward direction, and the driving speed of the motor 34 is increased when the motor 34 is rotating in the reverse direction. A speed increasing mechanism is configured by an electric circuit such as

With such a configuration, it is possible to increase the displacement speed of the cam follower 39 when the motor 34 rotates in the reverse direction compared to when the motor 34 rotates in the forward direction without making improvements such as adding a mechanically movable structure. As a result, a reliable engagement operation of the clutch mechanism FC is realized.

(b) A reduction gear ratio of a speed reducer that selects a different speed reducer during forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor 34 and switches the transmission path so as to transmit the power to the cam body 35, and transmits the driving force during forward rotation; By comparison, the speed reduction ratio of the speed reducer to which the driving force is transmitted during reverse rotation is reduced.

In this configuration, for example, it is possible to configure the speed reducer with a gear transmission mechanism, and combine a one-way clutch, a ratchet, or the like as a configuration for switching the transmission path. With this configuration, it is possible to increase the displacement speed of the cam follower 39 when the motor 34 rotates in the reverse direction compared to when the motor 34 rotates in the forward direction only by the mechanical structure, and the clutch mechanism FC can be reliably engaged. operation is realized.

(c) In the embodiment, a pair of restraining portions R is provided, but instead of this, the number of restraining portions R may be single or three or more.

(d) In the embodiment, the restraining portion R that suppresses the swinging of the arm body 38 is provided, and the restraint of the restraining portion R is released by the mechanical operation accompanying the rotation of the drive shaft 33. For example, the restraining portion R may be configured with a pin that can be retracted by an electromagnetic solenoid, and the restraining portion R may be configured to release the restraint by controlling the electromagnetic solenoid at the timing of releasing the restraint.

With this configuration, the timing for releasing the restraint can be arbitrarily set, and the amount of increase in the displacement speed of the cam follower 39 can also be set.

(d) By driving and rotating the drive shaft 33 with the single motor 34 provided in the clutch operation unit A, not only the clutch mechanism FC can be turned on and off, but also, for example, the threshing clutch can be turned on and off to transmit the driving force to the threshing device 5. and to perform the on/off operation of the clutch that transmits the driving force to other devices.

That is, in addition to the cam body 35 for controlling the clutch mechanism FC with respect to the drive shaft 33, a cam member having the same structure as the cam body 35 is provided, and this cam member is configured to operate another clutch. As a result, a plurality of clutch mechanisms are operated in a predetermined order by the driving force when the single motor 34 is rotated in a fixed direction, and each clutch mechanism is operated in a reverse order by rotating in the opposite direction. cut operation.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable to combines equipped with feed chain clutches.

5 Threshing device 17 Feed chain 25a Drive gear (transmission member)
26T Claw to be engaged 26 Shift member 26T Bite claw 34 Motor 35 Cam body 35a Cam surface 39 Cam follower 42 Release arm 45 Spring 46 Ball 47 Ball guide A Operation unit (operation unit)
R restraint part (speed increasing mechanism)
W Operation wire (interlocking mechanism)
FC clutch mechanism S1 first spring (biasing member)
S2 second spring (biasing member)

Claims (3)

a feed chain for feeding harvested grain culms to a threshing device;
a clutch mechanism for turning on and off driving force transmitted to the feed chain;
an operation unit for transmitting the driving force of the motor to the clutch mechanism by an interlocking mechanism so that the clutch mechanism is disengaged by forward rotation of the motor and the clutch mechanism is engaged by reverse rotation of the motor;
The operation unit includes a cam body rotated by the driving force of the motor, a cam follower for transmitting displacement following the cam surface of the cam body to the interlocking mechanism, and rotating the motor in reverse when the clutch mechanism is in a disengaged state. a speed-increasing mechanism for increasing the displacement speed of the cam follower when the motor rotates faster than the displacement speed of the cam follower when the motor rotates forward ;
The clutch mechanism includes a biasing member that applies a biasing force toward the engaged operation position,
The speed-increasing mechanism is configured to temporarily suppress the displacement of the cam follower while continuing the rotation of the cam body accompanying the reverse rotation of the motor when the motor rotates in the reverse direction while the clutch mechanism is in the disengaged state. has a portion, and by releasing the restraint at this restraint portion, the displacement speed of the cam follower is increased,
The cam follower is provided on an arm body that is swingably supported,
The speed increasing mechanism is a combine harvester in which the restriction is released by a release arm that operates in conjunction with the rotation of the cam body after the restriction portion restricts swinging of the arm body . The clutch mechanism includes a shift member having an occlusal claw and a transmission member having an occlusal claw that engages with the occlusal claw, and the shift member is a transmission that engages the occlusal claw and the occlusal claw. and a blocking position in which the occlusal claw and the occlusal claw are separated,
the biasing member applies a biasing force to operate the shift member to the transmission position;
2. The interlocking mechanism according to claim 1 , wherein the interlocking mechanism comprises an operation wire for operating the shift member to the blocking position against the urging force of the urging member by a pulling operation associated with swinging of the arm. combine. The restraining portion comprises a ball biased to project by a spring, and a ball guide that determines the projection limit of the ball,
The arm body or a part of the member linked to the arm body contacts the ball to restrain the swinging motion of the arm body. 3. The combine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the contact of said balls can be released by resisting.

Images