JP7107879B2 - Planting method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to planting methods.

In the following Patent Document 1, in a nursery bed in which a mat made of rock wool or the like is divided into a large number of blocks by making grid-like cuts, separability is improved when each block is separated and transplanted. , for the purpose of improving the adherence after transplanting, a nursery bed is disclosed in which cuts are formed by thermal fusion cutting so that the surface layer floor material on the side wall of each block is melted and then solidified during thermal fusion cutting. It is

JP-A-5-56721

However, when a seedling is planted using a transplanter, there is a problem that a pair of left and right claws of a transplanting claw (planting claw) contacts the seedling and damages the seedling.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a planting method capable of preventing planting claws and seedlings from coming into contact with each other and reliably scraping each seedling with the planting claws.

In the planting method of the present invention, a seedling mat having a plurality of sowing holes is conveyed in the conveying direction, and while reciprocating in the left-right direction orthogonal to the conveying direction, the seeding holes are formed from the downstream side of the seedling mat in the conveying direction. A planting method in which the seedlings are scraped off with a planting claw of a transplanter and planted in a field for each seedling block containing
The seedling mat has a plurality of the seeding holes arranged side by side in the transport direction and the left-right direction, and a first cutting auxiliary part extending in the left-right direction formed upstream of each of the seeding holes in the transport direction,
The planting claw has a pair of left and right claws, and the distance between the claw tip ends of the claws is greater than the length of the first cutting aid in the left-right direction,
The claw tip portions of the pair of left and right claw portions are thrust into the left and right outer sides of the first cutting auxiliary portion, and the seedling block is cut from the seedling mat with the first cutting auxiliary portion as a boundary to cut the seedling. Plant.

According to the planting method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent contact between the planting claws and the seedlings, and to reliably scrape the seedlings one by one with the planting claws.

It is a perspective view which shows the seedling mat which concerns on this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the seedling mat shown in FIG. 1; It is a left view of the transplanter which concerns on this embodiment. It is a top view of the transplanter concerning this embodiment. It is a left view of a seedling planting apparatus. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the planting method which concerns on this embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the planting method which concerns on this embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a seedling mat 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the seedling mat 1 of FIG. 1 cut in the long side direction.

The seedling mat 1 is designed to be spread over a general nursery box B for paddy rice. The seedling mat 1 has a rectangular plate shape as a whole, and is, for example, 280 mm wide, 580 mm long, and 35 mm high.

The seedling mat 1 is composed of at least three layers, an upper layer 2 constituting an upper surface, a lower layer 3 constituting a lower surface, and an intermediate layer 4 arranged between the upper layer 2 and the lower layer 3. , provided.

The upper layer 2 has a function of absorbing the shock when the seedling is scraped by the planting claw. The upper layer 2 is formed by molding biodegradable fibers into a rectangular plate having a predetermined thickness. The upper layer 2 is molded by adding natural rubber to fibers and heating and drying them. As for the natural rubber, raw material natural rubber (liquid) is diluted 5 times, and 50 to 100 g is added to 1 L of fiber. Since natural rubber is biodegradable, it does not adversely affect fields.

The biodegradable fiber used in the upper layer 2 is not particularly limited, but vegetable fibers such as coconut peat, coconut shell peat, and peat moss are preferred, and coconut peat is particularly preferred. The fiber length is preferably 8 cm or less, particularly preferably 1 cm or less. The fiber length is adjusted by cutting and sieving the fibers. Alternatively, the upper layer 2 may be formed by molding a non-woven fabric, pulp, rock wool, soil (cultivating soil), or the like into a rectangular plate having a predetermined thickness.

The lower layer 3 serves as a space for root elongation. The lower layer 3 is formed by molding soil (cultivated soil) into a rectangular plate having a predetermined thickness. The lower layer 3 is molded by adding natural rubber to soil and heating and drying it. As for the natural rubber, raw material natural rubber (liquid) is diluted 5 times, and 50 to 100 g is added to 1 L of fiber.

The lower layer 3 may be made of rock wool or the above-mentioned biodegradable fiber and shaped into a rectangular plate having a predetermined thickness. In addition, it is preferable that the lower layer 3 contains a fertilizer component. Since the lower layer 3 contains a fertilizer component, seeds can be stably germinated and grown. In addition, the lower layer 3 may contain other seedling-raising materials. Seedling raising materials include, for example, vermiculite and zeolite.

The intermediate layer 4 is formed by compressing cork into a thin rectangular plate. The middle layer 4 is stiffer than the upper layer 2 . By increasing the rigidity of the intermediate layer 4, deformation of the seedling mat 1 can be suppressed even when placed on the seedling mounting table of a transplanter. On the other hand, since the middle layer 4 can maintain the rigidity of the seedling mat 1, the rigidity of the upper layer 2 can be reduced. By lowering the rigidity of the upper layer 2, the planting nail can easily stick into the upper layer 2 when scraping the seedlings, and the upper layer 2 can absorb the impact from the planting nail. The middle layer 4 supports shock absorption by the top layer 2 .

The stiffness in this embodiment is defined by the elastic modulus. Prepare two test pieces obtained by cutting the target layer to 30 mm × 30 mm, apply a load at a constant speed from the normal direction to the surface of the test piece, perform a compression test, measure the stress and strain, The elastic modulus (=stress/strain) was calculated. The compression jig for compressing the test piece had a larger surface area than the test piece, and the test piece was compressed at a speed of 0.50 mm/s until the load reached 40,000 g. The elastic modulus (kgf/cm ² ) obtained by averaging the results of two test pieces was 0.071 for the upper layer 2 and 2.458 for the intermediate layer 4 . The modulus of elasticity of the lower layer 3 was 0.822, and the modulus of elasticity of the entire seedling mat 1 was 0.071.

The lower layer 3 is less rigid than the middle layer 4 . When transplanting using a transplanter, the seedling mat 1 is conveyed downward by a conveying belt provided on a seedling mounting table. By lowering the rigidity of the lower surface of the seedling mat 1, that is, the lower layer 3, the spikes formed on the conveying belt can easily bite into the lower layer 3, and the seedling mat 1 can be conveyed appropriately.

Also, the lower layer 3 has higher rigidity than the upper layer 2 . This allows the lower layer 3 to support impact absorption by the upper layer 2 .

The upper layer 2 and the intermediate layer 4 have a plurality of sowing holes 21 provided at predetermined intervals to hold the seeds S. As shown in FIG. The sowing holes 21 are through holes that vertically penetrate the upper layer 2 and the intermediate layer 4 , and the seeds S are sown on the upper surface of the lower layer 3 through the sowing holes 21 . Seeds S are positioned and held by sowing holes 21 . After seeding, cover soil (vermiculite or the like) is inserted into the through holes 21 . The seeding holes 21 of this embodiment are circular through holes with a hole diameter of 7 to 10 mm.

The sowing holes 21 are formed side by side in the short side direction and the long side direction of the rectangle. For example, 10 sowing holes 21 are provided in the short side direction (the center-to-center distance between adjacent sowing holes 21 is 28 mm) and 20 are provided in the long-side direction (the center-to-center distance between adjacent sowing holes 21 is 29 mm). .

In the upper layer 2 and the intermediate layer 4, first slits 22 (corresponding to first cutting assisting portions) extending in the short side direction are formed between the sowing holes 21 adjacent to each other in the long side direction of the rectangle. By providing the first slit 22, the seedling can be scraped off accurately and smoothly by the planting claws of the transplanter, and the transplanting work can be reliably performed.

The first slit 22 is formed from the upper surface of the upper layer 2 to the intermediate portion of the intermediate layer 4 in the thickness direction. The depth of the first slits 22 formed in the intermediate layer 4 is approximately half the thickness of the intermediate layer 4. In this embodiment, the intermediate layer 4 has a thickness of 5 mm. A first slit 22 with a width of 2 mm is formed. The interval between the adjacent first slits 22 is appropriately determined in consideration of the size of the seed S, the size of the seedling after growth, and the like.

The upper layer 2 and the intermediate layer 4 are formed with second slits 23 (corresponding to second cutting assisting portions) extending in the long side direction between the seeding holes 21 adjacent to each other in the short side direction of the rectangle. By providing the second slit 23, the seedling can be smoothly scraped off by the planting claws of the transplanter, and the transplanting operation can be performed reliably. In addition, the depth of the second slit 23 is the same as that of the first slit 22 .

The seedling mat 1 is divided into a plurality of seedling blocks 1a by the first slits 22 and the second slits 23, and separated into the seedling blocks 1a with the first slits 22 and the second slits 23 as boundaries. Each seedling block 1a is planted in the field by a planting claw of a transplanter.

The upper layer 2 is thicker than the intermediate layer 4 . By thickening the upper layer 2, impact absorption can be enhanced. Further, by thickening the upper layer 2, the seedling holding power of the planting claws can be enhanced. In this embodiment, the thickness w2 of the upper layer 2 is 10-15 mm. The thickness w4 of the intermediate layer 4 is 3-8 mm.

The lower layer 3 is thicker than the intermediate layer 4 . That is, the intermediate layer 4 is the thinnest among all layers. If the intermediate layer 4 is too thick, the rigidity of the seedling mat 1 becomes too high, and there is a risk that the seedlings cannot be properly scraped off by the planting claws.

Also, the lower layer 3 is thicker than the upper layer 2 . That is, the lower layer 3 is the thickest of all layers. By thickening the lower layer 3, rooting is improved. In this embodiment, the thickness w3 of the lower layer 3 is 15-20 mm.

A transplanter 101 according to this embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the traveling direction of the traveling body 102 (the left direction in FIG. 3) is referred to as the front, the left side in the traveling direction is simply referred to as the left side, and the right side in the traveling direction is simply referred to as the right side.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the transplanter 101 according to the present embodiment includes a traveling body 102, front wheels 101a and rear wheels 101b that support the traveling body 102, and a drive source mounted on the traveling body 102 ( An engine 101c and a transmission section 101d for transmitting the drive of the drive source 101c to each section. The transplanter 101 also has a seedling planting device 103 for planting seedlings behind the traveling body 102 . The transplanter 101 travels forward when planting seedlings.

The traveling machine body 102 includes a seat 102a on which the operator sits, an operation section 102b operated by the operator, and a spare seedling mat 1 on which a spare seedling mat 1 is placed. For example, the operating unit 102b includes a steering handle for operating the traveling direction, a shift lever for operating the traveling speed, and a work lever for operating the seedling planting device 103.

The seedling planting device 103 includes a planting unit 104 for scraping and planting some seedlings from the seedling mat 1, and a seedling mounting device 105 on which the seedling mat 1 is placed in order to supply the seedling mat 1 to the planting unit 104. and Since the seedling planting device 103 is rotatably connected to the traveling body 102 , the seedling planting device 103 moves up and down with respect to the traveling body 102 .

The planting part 104 is arranged below the seedling mounting device 105 . The planting part 104 is provided with a rotating planting claw 140 , and the planting claw 140 revolves to remove some seedlings from the seedling mat 1 positioned at the lower end of the seedling mounting device 105 . Scrape it up and plant it in the field.

The planting unit 104 includes a planting input case 141 to which power is transmitted from the drive source 101c via the transmission unit 101d, and three sets for six rows (one set for two rows) connected to the planting input case 141. A transmission case with planting 142 and a seedling planting mechanism 143 provided on the rear end side of each transmission case with planting 142 are provided. The seedling planting mechanism 143 is provided with a rotary case 144 having two planting claws 140 . By one rotation of the rotary case 144, the two planting claws 140 cut and grasp each seedling and plant it in the field. In addition, the planting part 104 is provided with a cover ring 145 for holding down the soil after cover.

The seedling mounting device 105 includes a seedling mounting table 151, a seedling mounting table horizontal feeding mechanism for laterally feeding the seedling mounting table 151, and a seedling mounting table 151 for vertical feeding of the seedling mat 1 on the seedling mounting table 151 in the vertical direction. A vertical feed mechanism is provided. Since the seedling mounting table 151 is laterally transported reciprocatingly in the left-right direction by the seedling mounting table lateral feeding mechanism, the seedling mat 1 on the seedling mounting table 151 is continuously transported laterally reciprocatingly. On the other hand, when the seedling mounting table 151 reaches the reciprocating end, the seedling mat 1 on the seedling mounting table 151 is intermittently transported longitudinally by the transfer belt 152 of the seedling vertical feeding mechanism. In the seedling mat 1 described above, the long side direction of the rectangle is the conveying direction, and the short side direction of the rectangle is the horizontal direction.

In the planting method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the seedling mat 1 is conveyed in the conveying direction, and seeded from the downstream side of the seedling mat 1 in the conveying direction while reciprocating in the left-right direction orthogonal to the conveying direction. The seedlings are scraped by the planting claws 140 for each seedling block 1a including the holes 21 and planted in the field.

The planting claw 140 includes a mounting surface portion 140a and a pair of left and right claw portions 140b, 140b branched from the tip of the mounting surface portion 140a in a bifurcated, substantially parallel manner. Two mounting holes 140c, 140c are formed in the mounting surface portion 140a, and are mounted to the transplanter 100 using bolts or the like. A claw tip portion 140d of the claw portion 140b serves as a cutting tool to cut the seedling block 1a from the seedling mat 1. - 特許庁

A pair of left and right claw tip portions 140d, 140d are thrust into the left and right outer sides of the first slit 22, respectively. Further, the claw tip portion 140d is protruded between the first slits 22 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. As a result, the claw tip portion 140d cuts between the first slits 22 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and the planting claw 140 can cut the seedling block 1a from the seedling mat 1 with the first slits 22 as boundaries. . As a result, a clean cut surface is obtained, the vertical feeding position of the seedling mat 1 is stabilized, and the size of the seedling block 1a is stabilized to prevent collapse.

The interval L1 between the claw tip portions 140d is larger than the length L2 of the first slit 22 in the left-right direction. That is, there is a gap between the claw tip portion 140d and both ends of the first slit 22 in the left-right direction. Preferably, the interval L1 is 2 mm or more larger than the lateral length L2.

The interval L1 between the claw tip portions 140d is preferably widened as much as possible so as not to contact the seedlings. Specifically, it is preferable to narrow the width of the claw portion 140b in order to widen the interval L1. However, if the width of the claw portion 140b is narrowed, it becomes difficult to properly cut the seedling block 1a, so the first slit 22 is formed in the seedling mat 1. On the other hand, when the first slits 22 are formed, the rigidity of the seedling mat 1 is lowered, and the seedling mat 1 is easily deformed when placed on the seedling mounting table 151. Therefore, the lateral length L2 of the first slits 22 should be shortened. is preferred.
From these points of view, in the present invention, the interval L1 between the claw tip portions 140d is larger than the length L2 of the first slit 22 in the left-right direction. A gap between the adjacent first slits 22 caused by shortening the first slits 22 is cut by the claw tip portion 140d.

In addition, the tip end portion 140d of the claw projects between the second slits 23 adjacent to each other in the conveying direction. A width L3 between the left and right outer ends of the pair of left and right claw portions 140b, 140b is equal to the pitch L4 of the second slits 23. As shown in FIG. The pitch of the second slits 23 is the distance between the center lines of the adjacent second slits 23 . In addition, the width between the left and right inner ends of the pair of left and right claw portions 140b, 140b is configured to be as wide as possible so as not to damage the seedlings. Thereby, the planting claw 140 can cut the seedling block 1a from the seedling mat 1 with the second slit 23 as a boundary without damaging the seedling.

As described above, in the planting method of the present embodiment, the seedling mat 1 having a plurality of seeding holes 21 is conveyed in the conveying direction, and reciprocated in the left-right direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. A planting method in which seedlings are scraped from each seedling block 1a including seeding holes 21 from the downstream side in the conveying direction by planting claws 140 of a transplanter 101 and planted in a field,
The seedling mat 1 has a plurality of sowing holes 21 formed side by side in the transport direction and the left-right direction, and a first slit 22 extending in the left-right direction formed upstream of each sowing hole 21 in the transport direction,
The planting claw 140 has a pair of left and right claw portions 140b, 140b, and the interval L1 between the claw tip portions 140d, 140d of the claw portions 140b, 140b is larger than the left-right length L2 of the first slit 22,
The claw tip portions 140d, 140d of the pair of left and right claw portions 140b, 140b are thrust into the left and right outer sides of the first slit 22, and the seedling block 1a is cut from the seedling mat 1 with the first slit 22 as a boundary, and the seedlings are separated. is planted.

Further, in the planting method of the present embodiment, the claw tips 140d, 140d of the pair of left and right claws 140b, 140b are thrust between the first slits 22 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction.

Further, in the planting method of the present embodiment, the seedling mat 1 is formed with the second slits 23 extending in the transport direction between the sowing holes 21 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. You may make it cut|disconnect 1a from the seedling mat 1. FIG.

According to the planting method of the present embodiment, the planting claws 140 can be prevented from coming into contact with the seedlings, and the planting claws 140 can reliably scrape the seedlings one by one.

[Other embodiments]
(1) In the above embodiment, the first slits 22 and the second slits 23 are formed up to the intermediate portion in the thickness direction of the intermediate layer 4, but the present invention is not limited to this. The slit 42 may be formed up to the bottom surface of the intermediate layer 4 .

(2) In the above-described embodiment, the seedling mat 1 is composed of three layers, the upper layer 2, the lower layer 3, and the intermediate layer 4, but is not limited thereto. It may be composed of four or more layers with layers other than the intermediate layer 4 interposed therebetween.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, it should be considered that the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments. The scope of the present invention is indicated not only by the description of the above embodiments but also by the scope of claims, and includes all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the scope of claims.

1 seedling mat 1a seedling block 21 seeding hole 22 first slit 23 second slit 101 transplanter 140 planting claw 140b claw portion 140d claw tip portion L1 interval between claw tip portions L2 length in the left-right direction of the first slit

Claims (3)

A transplanter that transports a seedling mat having a plurality of seeding holes in the transport direction and reciprocates the seedling mat in a left-right direction perpendicular to the transport direction, for each seedling block containing the seeding holes from the downstream side of the seedling mat in the transport direction. A planting method for scraping seedlings and planting them in a field with the planting claws of
The seedling mat has a plurality of the seeding holes arranged side by side in the transport direction and the left-right direction, and a first cutting auxiliary part extending in the left-right direction formed upstream of each of the seeding holes in the transport direction,
The planting claw has a pair of left and right claw portions, and the distance between the claw tip portions of the claw portions is greater than the length in the left-right direction of the first cutting assistance portion,
In the up-down direction perpendicular to the transport direction and the left-right direction, the first cutting auxiliary part is formed in the up-down direction so as not to penetrate the seedling mat from the upper surface of the seedling mat,
The claw tip portions of the pair of left and right claw portions are plunged into the left and right outer sides of the first cutting auxiliary portion, and the seedling block is cut from the seedling mat with the first cutting auxiliary portion as a boundary to cut the seedling. planting, method of planting The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the claw tip portions of the pair of left and right claw portions are plunged between the first cutting assisting portions adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. The seedling mat is formed with a second cutting auxiliary portion extending in the conveying direction between the seeding holes adjacent in the left-right direction, and the seedling block is cut from the seedling mat with the second cutting auxiliary portion as a boundary. , The planting method according to claim 1 or 2.

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