JP7103617B2 - Wisdom definition Optical tunnel network system and network system control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an edge data center network system control method, and more particularly to an optical tunnel network system control method applied to an edge data center.

Data Center Networks (DCNs) provide a reliable and efficient network infrastructure for cloud / edge data centers, such as cloud computing and edge computing. Designed to support a variety of cloud / edge or enterprise applications and services, such as data storage, data mining or social networking, etc.

In existing DCNs architectures that use electrical switches for data exchange, transmission rates are still limited by the switching capabilities of the electrical switches. In addition, a large amount of photoelectric conversion and electro-optical conversion during data transmission cause enormous power consumption. The electrical switch itself also requires a lot of computation to determine packet routing, which not only consumes power and increases transmission delay, but also increases cooling costs. Moreover, if the system architecture of the electric switch is fixed, it is difficult to upgrade to support more cabinets or higher performance servers, and the original electric switch is replaced when increasing the system transmission speed. This increases deployment costs.

In one aspect of the present invention, the optical tunnel scheduling module plans an optical tunnel network based on a routing route table, transmits control commands based on the optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network, and the optical tunnel network includes a plurality of optical tunnels. Each optical tunnel contains a routing path and wavelength, the configuration management module outputs control signals to multiple optical switches or multiple top-of-black switches by control commands, and the bandwidth utilization monitoring module top-of-black. Receives the data stream statistical data of multiple data streams of the optical tunnel from the switch, calculates the data flow of the data stream and the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization from the data stream statistical data, and presets the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization. It is a network system control method including transmitting a bandwidth load notification when the interval is exceeded and the optical tunnel scheduling module replanning the optical tunnel network by the bandwidth load notification.

One aspect of the present invention is a network system controller used to control a plurality of optical switches and a plurality of top-of-rack switches to form an optical tunnel, wherein the network system controller is a shared database and a shared database. The topology transformer module, which is combined and used to calculate the routing route table from the topology data and store the routing route table in the shared database, is combined with the shared database to build an optical tunnel network with the routing route table. The optical tunnel scheduling module used to transmit control commands based on the optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network and the optical tunnel scheduling module are combined and converted into control signals by the control commands to become optical switches and top-of-black switches. Combined with the configuration management module used for output, the shared network and the optical tunnel scheduling module, it receives the statistical data of the data stream from the top-of-black switch, and the data flow and optical of the data stream are based on the statistical data of the data stream. It is used to calculate the tunnel bandwidth utilization and transmit the optical tunnel bandwidth load notification to the optical tunnel scheduling module by the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization, which is used by the optical tunnel scheduling module for the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization and the optical tunnel network. A network system controller that includes a bandwidth utilization monitoring module that is further used to re-plan the optical tunnel network with data.

In short, the software-defined network controller 500 submitted to each embodiment of the present invention has a network topology structure, a wavelength allocation status, a network routing allocation status, a wavelength bandwidth usage status, and a wavelength bandwidth usage status in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 in real time. Optimal optical tunnel placement and data stream guidance are provided by continuously monitoring network environment conditions, including data stream flow, and by designed smart algorithms. The software-defined network controller 500 determines the optimum route routing and wavelength selection switch settings for rapid operation on the condition that routing and wavelength collisions are avoided, achieves the highest throughput of the system, and further reduces the transmission delay of the data stream. Minimize.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the wisdom definition optical tunnel network system by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical branch insertion subsystem according to some examples of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the connection relationship between the transmission module and the transmission module in each optical branch insertion subsystem in the same pod. It is a schematic diagram which shows the collision by an optical combiner. It is a schematic diagram which shows the collision by a demultiplexer. It is a schematic diagram which shows the flow direction of an optical tunnel and an optical signal in a pod (intra-pod) according to a part of Examples of this disclosure content. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical switching link subsystem by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal design of the optical path switching submodule by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. It is a schematic diagram which shows the interconnect line module and the failover submodule (failover module) by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. It is a schematic diagram which shows the interconnection network between optical switching link subsystems in the 2nd layer network by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. FIG. 7A is an enlarged schematic view of a part of FIG. 7A. It is a schematic diagram of the protection circuit operation according to a part of Examples of this disclosure content. It is a flow chart which shows the determination method of the microcontroller 410 in the polling mechanism. It is an operation schematic diagram which executes the interruption mechanism by the microcontroller by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. It is an operation schematic diagram which executes the interruption mechanism by the microcontroller by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an inter-pod optical tunnel path according to some examples of the present disclosure. It is a schematic installation diagram of the optical path switching submodule in each optical switching link subsystem. It is a schematic installation diagram of the optical path switching submodule in each optical switching link subsystem. It is a schematic diagram of the protection path design of the pod of the 1st layer network by some examples of the contents of this disclosure. It is a protection path design schematic diagram of the pod of the 1st layer network T1 by a part of embodiment of this disclosure content. It is a schematic diagram of the protection path design between the 1st layer network and the 2nd layer network by a part of Examples of this disclosure content. It is a schematic diagram which shows the wisdom definition optical tunnel network system by a part of Example of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the function of the software-defined network controller according to some examples of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed function of the software-defined network controller according to some examples of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed function of the software-defined network controller according to some examples of this invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an optical tunnel between any one optical branch insertion subsystem and another optical branch insertion subsystem in an optical tunnel network created by a pre-allocated subsystem according to some embodiments of the present invention. .. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical tunnel between one specific optical branch insertion subsystem and another optical branch insertion subsystem in the optical tunnel network made by the pre-allocated subsystem according to some examples of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm in which pre-allocated submodules according to some embodiments of the present invention construct an optical tunnel network. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation flow of the pre-allocation submodule according to some examples of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical tunnel division by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical tunnel division by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of processing a high load tunnel by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the integration of the optical tunnel by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the integration of the optical tunnel by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of processing a low load tunnel by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical tunnel allocation algorithm by a part of Example of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed function of the software-defined network controller according to some examples of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relay of an optical tunnel by a part of Example of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed function of the software-defined network controller according to some examples of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows to calculate the optical tunnel data flow by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the algorithm of the routing route function in a pod according to some examples of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows constructing the optical tunnel in a pod by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the algorithm of the routing route function between pods by a part of Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows constructing the optical tunnel between pods by a part of Example of this invention.

Hereinafter, in order to better understand the aspects of the present invention, examples will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the provided examples do not limit the scope included in the present disclosure and structural operations. The description of the above does not limit the order of execution, and any structure recombined from the element and the device having the equal effect generated thereof are within the scope of the present disclosure. Also, according to industry standards and conventions, the drawings are merely to assist in the explanation, not based on the original size, and in practice, various features to make it easier to explain. The size may be increased or decreased arbitrarily. In the following description, the same element will be described with the same symbol for easy understanding.

The terms (terms) used in the entire specification and claims have general meanings used in this field, the content of this disclosure and the special content, for each term, unless otherwise specified. Certain terms for describing this disclosure will be considered below or elsewhere in this specification to provide vendors with unspecified guidance in the description of this disclosure.

Next, "including", "providing", "having", "containing" and the like used in the present invention are all open terms, that is, "including, but not limited to". Point to. In addition, "and / or" used in the present invention includes any one and all combinations thereof in one or more of the related listed items.

In the text, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled," it can refer to "electrical connection," "fiber connection," or "electrical coupling." "Connect" or "coupling" can also be used to refer to interlocking or alternating between two or more elements. In the text, different elements will be described by terms such as "first" and "second", but the terms are used to distinguish only the elements or operations described by the same technical terms. Unless the context is explicitly stated, the terms do not specifically refer to or imply order or order and are not intended to limit the invention. In the present disclosure, the descriptions such as 1x1, 1x2, 1x3, 2x1, 2x2, 5x1, 6x4 and NxM are 1 in 1 out, 1 in 2 out, 1 in 3 out, 2 in 1 out, 2 in 2 out, 5 respectively. The number of input terminals and the number of output terminals of in 1 out, 6 in 4 out, and N in M out will be described.

See FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 according to some examples of the present invention. In some embodiments, the Wisdom-Defined Optical Tunnel Network System 100 is a Wisdom-Defined Optical Tunnel Network System (OPTUNS) that can be applied within an Edge Data Center. Used to replace the complex, multi-layered, electrically exchanged network systems of existing data centers.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 includes a first layer network T1 and a second layer network T2. The first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 are interconnected by a single mode fiber. In some embodiments, the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 are optical exchange networks, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the first layer network T1 includes a plurality of pods, and like the pods P1 to P4 shown in the drawings, in this embodiment, the pods P1 to P4 are light, respectively. It is a node pod. For ease of understanding and simplification of the description, some pods in the first tier network T1 are not shown in FIG.

Any one of the pods P1 to P4 in the first layer network T1 includes a plurality of optical branch insertion subsystems (Optical Add-Drop Subsystem; OADS) 200a to 200e as optical nodes. The optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e are used for data transmission with a server in a plurality of racks 900a and 900b corresponding to each of a plurality of Top of Rack (ToR) switches ToRa and ToRb, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, each pod P1 through P4 comprises five optical branch insertion subsystems, respectively. For simplification of the description, only two sets of top-of-black switches ToRa, ToRb and racks 900a, 900b are shown in a schematic diagram.

In practice, the remaining optical branch insertion subsystems are also connected to their corresponding servers by the corresponding top-of-rack switches for data transmission. Also, the number of optical branch insertion subsystems included in each pod P1 to P4 may be adjusted according to actual requirements, and FIG. 1 is merely an example and is not used to limit the present invention. ..

Taking the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a as an example, any one of the optical branch insertion subsystems in the pod P1 includes a first transmission module 210 and a second transmission module 220. The first transmission module 210 is arranged so as to perform data transmission in the first frequency band. The second transmission module 220 is arranged so as to perform data transmission in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band. In some embodiments, the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 are optical transmission modules, respectively, the first frequency band is a wavelength frequency band within a specific wavelength range, and the second frequency. A band is another wavelength frequency band within another particular wavelength range. As shown in FIG. 1, in the same pod P1, an optical branch insertion subsystem (eg, optical branch insertion subsystem) adjacent to the first transmission module 210 in any one of the optical branch insertion subsystems (eg, optical branch insertion subsystem 200a). The first transmission module 210 in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b) is connected to each other to form a first transmission ring. Similarly, in any one of the optical branch insertion subsystems (eg, optical branch insertion subsystem 200a), in an optical branch insertion subsystem (eg, optical branch insertion subsystem 200b) adjacent to the second transmission module 220. The second transmission module 220 connects to each other to form a second transmission ring. In some embodiments, the first transmission modules 210 in the first transmission ring may be connected to each other by optical fibers, and the second transmission modules 220 in the second transmission ring may be connected to each other by optical fibers. ..

It should be noted that in some embodiments, the first frequency bands in which the first transmission module 210 is located in each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a-200e of the same pod P1 are different from each other, and each optical branch insertion sub The second frequency band in which the second transmission module 220 is arranged in the systems 200a to 200e is also different from each other. The detailed modules, frequency band arrangements and specific operations of the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e will be described in the following paragraphs according to the corresponding drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the layer 2 network T2 includes a plurality of optical switching link subsystems (OSIS) 400a-400e as optical nodes. Structurally, between any two of the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e, the corresponding horizontal transmission optical signal is transmitted by the corresponding first line, and communication between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e is performed. Realize. That is, the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are connected to each other by optical fibers by a structure similar to a mesh network, so that the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e can be connected to the optical fiber network between any pair of optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e. The optical fiber networks between any other pair of optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e operate independently of each other. In some embodiments, the optical fiber network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e may be implemented by a ribbon fiber. Therefore, the connection between the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e looks like a single ring mesh structure R2 in appearance.

Optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e receive optical signals from optical add-drop subsystems (OADS) in the first layer network T1, respectively, and are first layer after routing switching and optical wavelength switching. It is used to pass to another optical branch insertion subsystem in network T1.

The software-defined network controller (Software-Defined Networking Controller; SDN controller) 500 outputs the corresponding control signals to the respective top oblack switches ToRa, ToRb, optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e, and optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e. It is used to establish an optical tunnel network and schedule optical tunnels. In this way, data transmission in the system can be realized by the optical fiber network in the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 by the optical signal between the servers.

It should be noted that the number of optical switching link subsystems and optical branch insertion subsystems shown in FIG. 1 is an example only and does not limit the present invention. In different embodiments, the number of optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e and optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 is gradually increased and / or decreased according to actual requirements, network system. It is possible to maintain 100 normal operations. Therefore, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 has high deployment flexibility.

In this way, in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100, by selecting a specific optical switching link subsystem 400a to 400e, an optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to 200e, and a combination of optical signal wavelengths, the space between cabinets can be selected. It is possible to establish an optical tunnel for data exchange (that is, a combination of an optical path and an optical wavelength) to realize ultra-low latency of data transmission.

Further, in a certain embodiment, the wisdom definition optical tunnel network system 100 uses density wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology, and a plurality of optical wavelengths are defined by wisdom definition by a density wavelength division multiplexing optical transceiver module (DWDM transmission). Although data can be transmitted simultaneously by the optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), the wisdom definition optical tunnel network system 100 in the present disclosure is not limited to the wavelength division multiplexing optical technology, and other wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Alternatively, a multiple optical transmission technology having other equivalence may be adopted. As a result, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 can achieve low latency, high frequency bandwidth, and low power consumption, and has better performance than the electric exchange network system used in existing conventional data centers. ..

For simplification of the description, in the following paragraphs, the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e and their network infrastructure design in the first layer network T1, the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e and in the second layer network T2, respectively. For the network infrastructure design, the interconnected infrastructure design between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2, the protection route design of the first layer network T1, and the protection route design of the second layer network T2. On the other hand, it will be described in order according to the related drawings.

See FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an optical branch insertion subsystem 200 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The optical branch insertion subsystem 200 is a core switching node that constructs a data transmission optical tunnel between the cabinets of the first layer network T1. As shown in FIG. 2, the optical branch insertion subsystem 200 includes two or more independent transmission modules such as the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220. Different wavelength frequency bands (wavelength bands) are used in order between the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220. In some embodiments, the wavelength frequency bands used for the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 are adjacent to each other. Specifically, a wavelength frequency band is a combination of wavelengths arranged from small to large according to a specific plurality of specific frequencies (that is, frequency = speed of light / wavelength).

As shown in FIG. 2, the first and second transmission modules 210 and 220 include multiplexers 212 and 222 as input submodules, respectively, and the first and second transmission modules 210 and 220 are output submodules. Includes switching submodules 214, 224 and demultiplexers 216, 226, respectively. Specifically, the switching submodule 214 in the first transmission module 210 includes a first beam splitter SP11, a second beam splitter SP12, an optical signal amplifier EFDA1, a first wavelength selection switch WSS11, and a second wavelength selection switch WSS12. including. Similarly, the switching submodule 224 of the second transmission module 220 also has a third beam splitter SP21, a fourth beam splitter SP22, an optical signal amplifier EFDA2, a third wavelength selection switch WSS21 and a fourth wavelength selection switch WSS22. including. The multiplexer 222 of the second transmission module 220 (see the multiplexer 212 of the first transmission module 210 in a later embodiment for its function and operation) is connected to the corresponding one in the top-of-black switch ToR. Then, a plurality of second upload optical signals (UL9 to UL16) are received from the top-o-black switch ToR by the plurality of insertion ports, and the second upload optical signals (UL9 to UL16) are used as the second composite optical signal Sigma21. Used to integrate into. A third beam splitter SP21 (see the first beam splitter SP11 of the switching submodule 214 in a later embodiment for its function and operation) is provided in the second transmission ring Ring2 and the second synthesis. The optical signal Sig21 is received and copied to the fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5 and the third uplink transmission optical signal TS3, and the fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5 is branched into another optical signal in the same pod by the second transmission ring Ring2. It is transmitted to the second transmission module 220 of the insertion subsystem, and the third uplink transmission optical signal TS3 is transmitted through the second vertical port 221. The optical signal amplifier EFDA2 (see the optical signal amplifier EFDA1 of the switching submodule 214 in a later embodiment for its function and operation) is provided in the second transmission ring Ring2 and coupled to the third beam splitter SP21. It is used to amplify the fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5 and output the amplified fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5'to the second transmission module 220 of another optical branch insertion subsystem in the same pod. .. A fourth beam splitter SP22 (see the second beam splitter SP12 of the switching submodule 214 in later embodiments for its function and operation) is provided in the second transmission ring Ring2 and is separate in the same pod. The fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5'of the second transmission module 220 of the optical branch insertion subsystem of the above is received and copied to the third downlink transmission optical signal TSd3 and the sixth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh6. The sixth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh6 is transmitted by the second transmission ring Ring2. The third wavelength selection switch WSS21 (see the first wavelength selection switch WSS11 of the switching submodule 214 in a later embodiment for its function and operation) is coupled to the second transmission ring Ring2 and the fourth. The third downlink optical signal TSd3 is received from the beam splitter SP22 of the above, or the fourth downlink optical signal TSd4 is received from the optical switching link subsystem 400e, and the third downlink optical signal TSd3 or the fourth is received. It is used to selectively output the downlink transmission optical signal TSd4. A fourth wavelength selection switch WSS22 (see the second wavelength selection switch WSS12 of the switching submodule 214 in a later embodiment for its function and operation) is provided on the second transmission ring Ring2. It is used to receive the horizontal transmission optical signal TSh6 of No. 6 and output the seventh horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7 to the third beam splitter SP21. The third beam splitter SP21 receives the seventh horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7, copies it to the eighth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7d and the fourth uplink transmission optical signal TS4, and makes the eighth horizontal by the second transmission ring Ring2. It is further used to transmit the transmitted optical signal TSh7d and to transmit the fourth uplink transmitted optical signal TS4 to the optical switching link subsystem 400e through the second vertical port 221. When the optical path from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b in the first transmission ring Ring 1 is cut off, the software-defined network controller 500 corresponds to the top-of-black switch ToR and the second transmission module. A third wavelength selection switch WSS21 and a fourth wavelength selection switch WSS22 in 220 are provided to establish an optical tunnel from the second transmission ring Ring2 upper optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b.

The multiplexer 212 is an input submodule of the first transmission module 210. Similarly, the multiplexer 222 is an input submodule of the second transmission module 220. Structurally, the multiplexers 212 and 222 are each connected to one (ie, top-of-black switch ToR) corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200 in the top-of-black switch. The multiplexers 212 and 222 receive a plurality of first upload optical signals UL1 to UL8 and second upload optical signals UL9 to UL16 by the top-of-black switch ToR, and receive the first upload optical signals UL1 to UL8 and the second upload optical signals UL1 to UL8. It has a plurality of insertion ports (add-ports) for integrating the uploaded optical signals UL9 to UL16 into the first synthetic optical signal Sigma11 and the second synthetic optical signal Sigma21.

Specifically, each insertion port (add-port) of the multiplexer 212 and 222 is an optical fiber of a different light wave density wavelength division multiplexing optical transceiver module (DWDM transmission) corresponding to its wavelength frequency band at the top-of-rack switch ToR entry / exit port in the cabinet. Connected to the transmission end. In some embodiments, the receivable wavelength signal of each insertion port in the multiplexers 212 and 222 is constant and one insertion port receives one type of wavelength signal.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first uploaded optical signals UL1 to UL8 each have a plurality of wavelengths λ1 to λ8 in the first frequency band. Similarly, the second uploaded optical signals UL9 to UL16 each have a plurality of wavelengths λ9 to λ16 in the second frequency band. As a result, the multiplexers 212 and 222 are optical signals of the wavelength frequency bands (that is, the wavelengths λ1 to λ8 and the wavelengths λ9 to λ16) arranged in the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 from the top-of-black switch ToR. Can be received, different optical wavelength signals can be integrated into one optical fiber, and transmitted by the first combined optical signal Sigma 11 and the second combined optical signal Sigma 21.

The switching submodule 214 of the first transmission module 210 includes a first beam splitter SP11, an optical signal amplifier EDFA1, a second beam splitter SP12, a first wavelength selection switch (Waverength Selective Switch; WSS) WSS11 and a second wavelength. Includes selection switch WSS12. Similarly, the switching submodule 224 of the second transmission module 220 also has a third beam splitter SP21, an optical signal amplifier EDFA2, a fourth beam splitter SP22, a third wavelength selection switch WSS21 and a fourth wavelength selection switch WSS22. including.

The main function of the switching submodules 214 and 224 is to connect the first synthetic optical signal Sigma11 and the second synthetic optical signal Sigma21 transmitted from the input submodule (that is, the multiplexer 212 and 222) to the optical switching link in the second layer network. Sequentially upload to subsystems 400a, 400e or transmit east or west to another optical branch insertion subsystem 200 in the same pod and optical switching link subsystem 400a, 400e or another optical branch insertion subsystem in the same pod. The optical signal from 200 is exchanged for the receiving submodules 216 and 226. For example, in FIG. 1, switching submodules 214 and 224 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a in the pod P1 may be transmitted to four other optical branch insertion subsystems 200 in a similar pod P1. Also, in FIG. 1, the optical branch insertion subsystem in pod P2 can transmit / receive optical signals of the other four optical branch insertion subsystems in similar pod P2, as well as any one in FIG. The optical branch insertion subsystem in one pod can transmit / receive the optical signals of the other four optical branch insertion subsystems in the same pod.

In order to simplify the description, in the following paragraphs, the operation of each element will be described by taking the first transmission module 210 as an example. Since the internal elements and operations of the second transmission module 220 are similar to those of the first transmission module 210, they will not be described here.

As shown in FIG. 2, structurally, the first beam splitter SP11 is provided on the first transmission ring Ring1, receives the first synthetic optical signal Sig11, and receives the first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1 and the first uplink. It is copied to the transmission optical signal TS1, the first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1 is transmitted by the first transmission ring Ring1, and the first uplink transmission optical signal TS1 is transmitted to the optical switching link subsystem 400a by the first vertical port 211. Used for transmission.

In some embodiments, the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 may be implemented in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The optical signal amplifier EDFA1 is provided in the first transmission ring Ring1 and is coupled to the first beam splitter SP11. It is used to output to the first transmission module 210 of another optical branch insertion subsystem 200 in the above. Thereby, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 can amplify the optical signal power transmitted to the west and ensure that there is sufficient power to transmit to the destination. The disclosure is not limited to the direction of transmission to the west, and in practical use the transmission direction may be adjusted by network arrangement.

As shown in FIG. 2, structurally, the second beam splitter SP12 is provided on Ring 1 on the first transmission ring from the first transmission module 210 of another optical branch insertion subsystem 200 in the same optical node pod. The first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1'is received, copied to the first downlink transmission optical signal TSd1 and the second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2, and the second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2 is transmitted by the first transmission ring Ring1. Used to do.

The first wavelength selection switch WSS11 is coupled to the first transmission ring Ring1 to receive the first downlink optical signal TSd1 from the second beam splitter SP12 or the second downlink from the optical switching link subsystem 400a. It is used to receive the optical signal TSd2 and selectively output the first downlink transmission optical signal TSd1 or the second downlink transmission optical signal TSd2 as the composite optical signal Sigma12 to the demultiplexer 216.

Specifically, the first wavelength selection switch WSS11 is one 2x1 (2 in 1 out) wavelength selection switch, and selects a specific optical wavelength signal that passes so as to output the corresponding optical signal to the demultiplexer 216. Used for. In some embodiments, the 2x1 wavelength selection switch may be implemented by including two 1x1 wavelength selection switches plus one 2x1 optical combiner, which may include two 1x1 (1 in) optical combiners. The two optical signals filtered by the wavelength selection switch (1 out) are integrated, and the integrated optical signal Sigma 12 is output to the demultiplexer 216 of the receiving submodule.

The second wavelength selection switch WSS12 is provided on the first transmission ring Ring1, receives the second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2 from the second beam splitter SP12, and transfers the third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3 to the first beam splitter. It is used to output to SP11. The first beam splitter SP11 receives the third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3, copies it to the fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d and the second uplink transmission optical signal TS2, and uses the first transmission ring Ring1 to copy the fourth horizontal transmission light signal TS2. It is used to transmit to the transmitted optical signal TSh3d and to transmit the second uplink transmitted optical signal TS2 to the optical switching link subsystem 400a through the first vertical port 211.

That is, the first beam splitter SP11 is a 2x2 (2 in 2 out) beam splitter, includes two input ends (Input Port) and two output ends (Output Port), and one input end is the first. Used to receive the composite light signal Sigma11, the first beam splitter SP11 is used to copy the received first composite light signal Sigma11 to the two output ends, with another input end being the third. It is used to receive the horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3, and the first beam splitter SP11 is used to copy the third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3 to the two output ends. The output end of the first beam splitter SP11 is used to output the first horizontal transmission light signal TSh1 or the fourth horizontal transmission light signal TSh3d, and another output end is the first uplink transmission light signal TS1 or the first. It is used to output the uplink transmission optical signal TS2 of 2. The second beam splitter SP12 is a 1x2 (1 in 2 out) beam splitter, the first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1 from the first transmission module 210 of another optical branch insertion subsystem 200 in the same optical node pod. Copy'and split it in two. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, one is sequentially transmitted to the west as a second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2 to another optical branch insertion subsystem of the same pod P1, and the other is lower as a first downlink transmission optical signal TSd1. Although transmitted to an optical reception submodule (ie, demultiplexer 216), the present disclosure is not limited to the direction of transmission to the west, and in practical use the transmission direction may be adjusted by network arrangement.

The second horizontal transmission light signal TSh2 passes through the 1x1 second wavelength selection switch WSS12 as the third horizontal transmission light signal TSh3 by the second wavelength selection switch WSS12, and the specific light of the second horizontal transmission light signal TSh2. A wavelength signal is selected, copied and divided by the first beam splitter SP11, and one optical signal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is sequentially the same optical node to the west as the fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d. The other optical signal is transmitted to the other optical branch insertion subsystem in the pod and the other optical signal is output to the corresponding optical switching link subsystem 400a as the second uplink optical signal TS2, but the disclosure is directed westward. In actual use, the transmission direction may be adjusted by the network arrangement.

See also FIG. 3A. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a connection relationship between the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e in the same pod P1.

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 3A, in some embodiments, the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 in each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a-200e are the first transmission ring Ring1 respectively. , The horizontal transmission optical signals TSh1 to TSh3 and TSh3d are transmitted by the second transmission ring Ring2. The first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2 face each other in the optical transmission direction. As an example, each first transmission module 210 transmits a signal west (ie, clockwise) on the first transmission ring Ring 1, and each second transmission module 220 travels east on the second transmission ring Ring 2. Signals (ie, counterclockwise) are transmitted, but the disclosure is not limited to these. In another embodiment, the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2 may transmit the horizontal transmission optical signals TSh1 to TSh3 and TSh3d in the same optical transmission direction.

Also, as shown in FIG. 3A, each of the first transmission modules 210 in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e has an optical switching link sub with a plurality of corresponding first vertical ports (as shown by the solid dashed lines in the drawing). Coupled to the system 400a, the second transmission module 220 in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e is respectively connected to the optical switching link subsystem 400a by a plurality of corresponding second vertical ports (as shown by the dotted arrows in the drawing). It is coupled to the adjacent optical switching link subsystem 400e.

Please return to FIG. 2 for reference. As shown in FIG. 2, demultiplexers 216 and 226 are output submodules of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200. Structurally, the demultiplexers 216 and 226 are coupled to the first wavelength selection switches WSS11 and WSS21, respectively, and connected to the corresponding one in the top-of-black switch (eg, top-of-black switch ToR) for first downlink transmission. Receives the optical signal TSd1 or the second downlink optical signal TSd2, demultiplexes it into a plurality of downloaded optical signals DL1 to DL8, DL9 to DL16, and transmits the downloaded optical signals DL1 to DL8, DL9 to DL16 to the top oblack switch ToR. Used to do.

（表１：サイクリックデマルチプレクサの波長配置） Specifically, the demultiplexers 216 and 226 each include a cyclic demultiplexer, which receives synthetic optical signals Sig12 and Sig22 containing each wavelength from the wavelength selection switches WSS11 and WSS21 and selectively corresponds to the drop. It is used to filter optical signals in a particular wavelength frequency band to pass through and enter a drop-port. As an example, assuming that the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system uses a total of 40 wavelengths, the frequencies are arranged from small to large, such as λ1 to λ40, with eight wavelength frequency bands each. Each independent first transmission module 210 and second transmission module 220 has a wavelength and has eight drop ports. One cyclic demultiplexer with eight channels (Channel) arranges the most 40 wavelengths entered in a periodic order, and the wavelength selection switches WSS11 and WSS21 send the wavelength signals that enter the demultiplexers 216 and 226. The eight wavelength signals selected and selected by the wavelength selection switches WSS11 and WSS21 are assigned to the corresponding eight drop ports of the demultiplexer 216 of the first transmission module 210 (or the demultiplexer 226 of the second transmission module 220), respectively. Enter, each drop port will receive only one corresponding wavelength signal with the same selection. As an example, in one example, the wavelength arrangement of the cyclic demultiplexer is as shown in Table 1 below.

(Table 1: Wavelength arrangement of cyclic demultiplexer)

As shown in Table 1, in this example, the first wavelength (λ1, λ9, λ17, λ25, λ33) in each wavelength frequency band enters the first drop port and the second wavelength (λ2, λ10, λ18). , Λ26, λ34) enter the second drop port, and so on. Each drop port is optical fiber connected to the receiving end corresponding to the DWDM optical transceiver module of its module frequency band wavelength at the entry / exit port of the top-of-black switch. As an example, the first drop port is connected to the receiving end of a DWDM optical transceiver module of first wavelength λ1 in the frequency band at the entry / exit port of the top-of-black switch. In this way, each drop port of the demultiplexer 216, 226 can receive optical signals having a plurality of wavelength cycle numbers.

It should be noted that if optical signals of the same wavelength are simultaneously transmitted by the same optical fiber of the first and second transmission modules 210, 220, signal interference may occur and collision may occur. See also FIGS. 3B and 3C. 3B and 3C are a schematic diagram showing a collision by an optical combiner and a schematic diagram showing a collision by a demultiplexer, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3B, the first wavelength selection switch WSS11 receives the first downlink transmission optical signal TSd1 received from the second beam splitter SP12, and the second downlink transmission light received from the optical switching link subsystem 400a. When the signal TSd2 contains an optical signal of the same wavelength (for example, λ1), if both of the two 1x1 wavelength selection switches in the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch WSS11 select that λ1 passes, 2x1 light. The combiner simultaneously integrates an optical signal having two wavelengths of λ1 into one optical fiber and outputs it to the demultiplexer 216 to cause a collision.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the second type collision is a collision caused by the demultiplexer 216. The design of the cyclic demultiplexer allows each drop port to receive wavelengths arranged in five wavelength cycling orders (as shown in Table 1 above). The first wavelength selection switch WSS11 assumes a first downlink optical signal TSd1 received from the second beam splitter SP12 and a second downlink optical signal TSd2 received from the optical switching link subsystem 400a, respectively. Two different wavelengths of light succeeded by selecting to pass an optical signal having a wavelength of λ1 in the first downlink light signal TSd1 and an optical signal having a wavelength of λ9 in the second downlink optical signal TSd2. It can be integrated into one optical fiber and transmitted to the demultiplexer 216 as a composite optical signal Sigma12, but after passing through the demultiplexer 216, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ9 are the same drop port (eg,). It will be introduced in the first drop port). Finally, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ9 reach the receiving end of the same DWDM optical transceiver module. The receiving end of the same DWDM optical transceiver module can receive only one wavelength signal at a time, otherwise interference will occur. A collision occurs in this case. Therefore, in some embodiments, due to the reception design of the demultiplexer 216, collisions occur even if the two optical tunnels use different wavelengths λ1 and λ9. Therefore, the software-defined network controller (Soft-Defined Networking Controller; SDN Controller) 500 controls the scheduling of the optical tunnel network to avoid the occurrence of collision conditions and optimize the utilization rate of the optical tunnel network.

The above is a description of the internal modules and operations of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200. Next, in the following paragraphs, the network infrastructure design in which the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e are connected to each other to form the pod P1 will be described. See FIG. 3A again. As shown in FIG. 3A, the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e form one pod P1 in series with an optical fiber. As described above, the number of optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e that can be connected in series by one pod is the number of wavelengths and wisdom definitions arranged in the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220, respectively. It depends on the total number of wavelength types supported by the optical tunnel network system 100. The first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 in each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to 200e are the corresponding first transmission module 210 and second transmission module 220 of the adjacent optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e. And are connected in series to form one ring-shaped network. Therefore, one pod contains a plurality of independent ring-shaped networks. The frequency band wavelengths used for each transmission module (for example, the first transmission module 210) belonging to the same transmission ring (for example, the first transmission ring Ring1) cannot overlap with each other, and are small to large depending on the wavelength frequency. Are arranged counterclockwise. Moreover, since the transmission rings are independent of each other, the same wavelength can be used in duplicate in different rings. That is, in some embodiments, the wavelength types and numbers used for the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2 are all the same.

Taking the pod P1 infrastructure of FIG. 3A as an example, the two optical fibers are connected in series with the corresponding first and second transmission modules 210 and 220 of the respective optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e, respectively. It forms two independent first transmission ring Ring1 and second transmission ring Ring2. The first transmission ring Ring1 transmits an optical signal to the west (ie, clockwise) and the second transmission ring Ring2 transmits an optical signal to the east (ie, counterclockwise). The first transmission module 210 of the first optical branch insertion subsystem 200a in the first transmission ring Ring 1 uses the frequency band including the wavelengths λ1-λ8, and the first in the next optical branch insertion subsystem 200e in the east. The transmission module 210 uses λ9-λ16, and the first transmission module 210 in the eastern and next optical branch insertion subsystem 200d uses λ17-λ24, and so on.

Of particular note is that the wavelength frequency band used for each second transmission module 220 in the second transmission ring Ring 2 is offset from and adjacent to the first transmission module 210, for example in the first optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. The second transmission module 220 uses λ9-λ16 (which is offset and adjacent to the first transmission module 210 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a using a frequency band containing the wavelengths λ1-λ8) and is next to the east. The second transmission module 220 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200e is adjacent to the first transmission module 210 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200e using a frequency band including the wavelength λ9-λ16. ) Is used, and the second transmission module 220 of the next optical branch insertion subsystem 200d in the east uses λ25-λ32, and so on. That is, in the same pod P1, the first frequency band in which the first transmission module 210 is arranged in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a and the second transmission module 220 in which the second transmission module 220 is arranged in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b are arranged. The frequency band includes the same combination of wavelengths.

With such an arrangement, each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a-200e can support 16 wavelength frequency bandwidths. The number of most optical branch insertion subsystems 200 to which one pod P1 can be connected in series depends on the wavelength type used in the system. Taking the infrastructure of FIG. 1 as an example, assuming that the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 both supports 40 wavelengths, one independent ring connects five independent modules of different wavelength frequency bands in series. This is equivalent to being able to connect five optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e in series with one pod P1 (shown in FIG. 3A).

Further, since the transmission wavelength types and numbers used for the respective transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are the same, 40 types of wavelengths (λ1 to λ40) are used in the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring is used. Ring2 also uses λ1 to λ40 in the same manner. With this ring-shaped design infrastructure, one optical branch insertion subsystem 200a-200e can simultaneously transmit and receive optical signals of another optical branch insertion subsystem of the same pod P1 to the east or west.

The podling-like network infrastructure includes two design features, which are incremental infrastructure design and wavelength reuse characteristics, the specifics of which are explained in detail in the following paragraphs. To.

The spirit of incremental infrastructure design is clarified by the following two construction methods. First, one pod can be connected in series by gradually adding the necessary nodes of the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e according to the required number of cabinets. Second, the number of independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 can be gradually increased by one pod P1.

As an example, the optical branch insertion subsystem adopts a modular design, and each pod of the first layer network T1 adopts a ring-shaped design infrastructure, which allows one pod to elastically connect in series in different numbers. It has possible optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e. That is, as the demand increases, the required optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e can be gradually added and connected in series according to the number of cabinets required in one pod. For example, if the number of cabinets required is small (eg, three cabinets), it may include only three optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200c connected in series in a ring on the pod P1. As the number of cabinets required increases (eg, 5 cabinets), the pod P1 can be expanded to include five optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e and be connected in a ring-like series.

Further, the number of independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 may be increased in the same pod. As an example, as the number of servers in a cabinet increases or the frequency bandwidth upgrades, the network traffic from the entire cabinet also increases relatively. In this case, it can be solved by two methods. The first method is faster, based on the property that the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system has data rate transparency when the number of wavelengths used in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e does not change. The DWDM optical transceiver module can be replaced to support network traffic by increasing the number of servers or upgrading the wavelength bandwidth. For example, the transmission rate of each wavelength is upgraded from 10 Gbit / s to 100 Gbit / s, increasing the flexible application of system transmission rate and significantly saving the upgrade cost of hardware equipment.

In the second method, if the wavelength transmission rate does not change, the number of transmission modules in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200 can be gradually increased so as to increase the number of wavelengths used in the cabinet. Since the transmission modules are independent of each other, one pod gradually increases the number of transmission rings to support network traffic by increasing the number of servers in the cabinet or upgrading the frequency bandwidth. The number of independent transmission rings that can be formed in the same pod depends on the number of wavelengths used in the independent transmission module and the wavelength type used in the system. As an example, if the Wisdom Definition Optical Tunnel Network System 100 uses 40 different wavelengths, one optical branch insertion subsystem 200 may include up to 5 independent modules in different wavelength frequency bands, λ1-λ8, λ9, respectively. The frequency bands of -λ16, λ17-λ24, λ25-λ32 and λ33-λ40 are used. Correspondingly, one pod can form up to five transmission rings.

That is, in some embodiments, any one of the optical branch insertion subsystems 200 may include N mutually independent transmission modules, whereby the corresponding N optical branch insertion subsystems 200 in the same pod. Connected to each other by a transmission ring. The N transmission modules in one optical branch insertion subsystem 200 are coupled to two adjacent optical switching link subsystems in the second layer network T2 by the corresponding optical path, and N in one optical branch insertion subsystem 200. One of the transmission modules of is coupled to the corresponding transmission module in the adjacent optical branch insertion subsystem of the same optical node pod in the first layer network T1 by the corresponding optical path, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

In short, the two construction methods of pod incremental infrastructure design in the first layer network T1 are a ring network that is simply connected in series with the corresponding independent transmission module of the 200 nodes of the optical branch insertion subsystem required by optical fiber. Infrastructure can be formed and therefore the complexity of the wiring that the system infrastructure upgrades can be significantly reduced.

Further, as described in the previous paragraph, the same wavelength combination can be reused in the first layer network T1, which is a wavelength reuse characteristic in the first layer network T1. Specifically, the wavelength reuse characteristics are displayed in two places on the network infrastructure. First, a plurality of independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 in each Pod can reuse the same wavelength combination. Second, the intra-pod optical signals of different pods can reuse the same wavelength combination.

Each transmission ring in the same pod can reuse and transmit an optical signal of the same wavelength (for example, λ1). Even in different pods, optical signals of the same wavelength (for example, λ1) are reused and transmitted so that collision does not occur. With the above network infrastructure design, it is possible to support data transmission between a large number of cabinets by using a small number of wavelength types, and each wavelength of each optical fiber in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 corresponds to one. It is used to transmit only the optical signal to be transmitted, and can overcome the limitation of the upper limit of the wavelength type (for example, 40 kinds of wavelengths) used in the whole network system.

See Figure 3D. FIG. 3D is a schematic view showing an intra-pod optical tunnel and a flow direction of an optical signal according to some examples of the present disclosure. The following paragraphs describe the flow direction of the optical signal to the wavelength selection switches in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e required to establish the optical tunnel in the pod based on FIG. 3D.

As shown in FIGS. 3D and 2, the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a uses the first transmission module 210 to transfer data to the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b in the same pod P1. Attempts to transmit to the unit corresponding to the insertion subsystem 200c. To transmit two data each, the software-defined network controller 500 can establish two intrapod optical tunnels, one of which is from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b. Path RT1 is used, wavelength λ1 is selected and used, another one uses path RT2 from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c, and wavelength λ2 is selected and used. To establish an optical tunnel, set all wavelength selection switches that pass through the path to select specific wavelengths that pass through. Therefore, the path RT1 establishes an optical tunnel simply by setting a 2x1 first wavelength selection switch (first wavelength selection switch WSS11 in FIG. 2) in the first transmission module 210 in the destination optical branch insertion subsystem 200b. The path RT2 can be established and the first transmission module 210 in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b has one 1x1 second wavelength selection switch in the east-west direction (second wavelength selection switch WSS12 in FIG. 2) and the destination. It is necessary to set the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch (first wavelength selection switch WSS11 in FIG. 2) in the first transmission module 210 in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c.

During optical signal transmission, first, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ2 are first transmitted in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a by the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module of the top oblack switch entry / exit port in the corresponding cabinet (Rack). It is transmitted to the corresponding insertion port of module 210a, integrated into one optical fiber by the multiplexer 212, and copied and divided by the 2x2 first beam splitter SP11 and transmitted west, in which case the optical signal is an optical signal. The optical power is amplified by the amplifier EDFA1 and transmitted to the first transmission module 210b in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b by the first transmission ring Ring1. After the optical signal is transmitted to the first transmission module 210b, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ2 are copied by the second beam splitter SP12 and divided into two optical signals, and one optical signal is transmitted downward. Then, another optical signal is transmitted to the west to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c. The optical signal transmitted below is selected by the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch WSS11 to pass the optical signal of wavelength λ1 and transmitted to the demultiplexer 216, and finally is supported by the first drop port of the demultiplexer 216. It is transmitted to the receiving end corresponding to the DWDM optical transceiver module of the top-of-rack switch input / output port in the cabinet to complete the optical signal transmission from cabinet to cabinet.

On the other hand, the optical signal transmitted to the west is selected by the 1x1 second wavelength selection switch WSS12 to pass the optical signal of wavelength λ2, and the 2x2 first beam splitter SP11 copies and divides it to the west. In this case, the optical power is amplified by the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 and transmitted to the first transmission module 210c in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c by the first transmission ring Ring1. After the optical signal is transmitted to the first transmission module 210c, the optical signal of wavelength λ2 is copied by the second beam splitter SP12 of 1x2 and divided into two optical signals, and one optical signal is transmitted downward. , Another optical signal continues to be transmitted west. The optical signal transmitted below is selected by the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch WSS11 to pass the optical signal of wavelength λ2 and transmitted to the demultiplexer 216, and is supported by the second drop port of the demultiplexer 216. It is transmitted to the receiving end corresponding to the DWDM optical transceiver module of the top-of-rack switch input / output port in the cabinet, and completes the optical signal transmission from cabinet to cabinet.

Also, the software-defined network controller 500 is used to set a 1x1 second wavelength selection switch in the first transmission module 210c (see second wavelength selection switch WSS12 in FIG. 2) to the west. The transmitted optical signal of wavelength λ2 is filtered and blocked to prevent the optical signal of wavelength λ2 from being sequentially transmitted to the next optical branch insertion subsystem 200d.

As a result, it is possible to establish different optical tunnels with the same transmission ring Ring1 having different wavelengths, and each data is transmitted to different optical nodes. In this way, in the first layer network T1, data transmission between servers corresponding to different racks of each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to 200e in the same pod can be realized.

See FIG. 1 again. As shown in FIG. 1 above, the first layer network T1 includes a plurality of pods P1 to P4, and one large-scale network infrastructure is provided by connecting the pods P1 to P4 to the second layer network T2. Can be formed. Hereinafter, the infrastructure design in which the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 are connected to each other, the internal infrastructure of the second layer network T2, and the optical signal transmission operation between the pods will be described.

Structurally, any one optical switching link subsystem (eg, optical switching link subsystem 400a) in the second layer network T2 simultaneously has two adjacent pods (eg, pods P1, pod P2) in the first layer network T1. Connected to. Thereby, the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the second layer network T2 can realize data transmission between the corresponding servers by different pods.

Specifically, the first transmission module 210 in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the pod P1 is coupled to the optical switching link subsystem 400a by a plurality of corresponding first vertical ports, respectively, and the optical branch insertion subsystem The second transmission module 220 in 200a-200e is coupled to the optical switching link subsystem 400e of the adjacent optical switching link subsystem 400a by a plurality of corresponding second vertical ports, respectively. Also, the second transmission module 220 in the pod P2 is coupled to the optical switching link subsystem 400a by a plurality of corresponding second vertical ports, respectively.

That is, the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e of any one of the second layer networks T2 are the first transmission modules 210, first of the corresponding different transmission rings in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the two adjacent pods. It is coupled to the transmission module 220 of 2. Optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e in the same pod of any one first layer network T1 are also different optical switching link subsystems in the second layer network T2 by the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220, respectively. It is coupled to both adjacent neighbors in 400a-400e.

In this way, in cooperation with the interconnection network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e, an arbitrary optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to 200e is constructed between the pods of the first layer network T1. It is connected to an end-to-end optical tunnel transmitted by one or more optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e and between other optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e.

For ease of explanation, the following paragraphs have been adapted to the drawings to describe the internal concrete structure of the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the corresponding operation for realizing optical signal transmission. See FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an optical switching link subsystem 400a according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that FIG. 4 describes the structure and operation of the optical switching link subsystem 400a as an example, but the structure and operation of the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e are the same and will not be described.

The optical switching link subsystem 400a is primarily a relay node that establishes an optical tunnel between different pods. As shown in FIG. 4, the internal design of the optical switching link subsystem 400a is divided into a receiving submodule 420, an output submodule 440, an optical path switching submodule 460 and an interconnect line module 480. The interconnect line module 480 further includes a failover submodule 490.

The optical switching link subsystem 400a is equal in number and includes a plurality of insertion ports and drop ports corresponding to the number of optical branch insertion subsystems 200 in each pod in the first layer network T1. As an example, if each pod contains 5 optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e, the optical switching link subsystem 400a needs to connect 10 optical branch insertion subsystems in both adjacent 2 pods P1 and P2. So we need 10 insert ports and 10 drop ports.

As shown in the drawings, the receiving submodule 420 is coupled to each insertion port from a plurality of first optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e corresponding to the first pod P1 corresponding to the optical switching link subsystem 400a, respectively. A plurality of second optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e and a plurality of third uplink transmission optical signals Tsu3a to receive a plurality of first uplink transmission optical signals Su1a to Tsu1e and correspond to the second pod P2. Receives TSu3e.

The optical switching link subsystem 400a is connected by optical fiber to all the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the two adjacent pods P1 and P2 in the first layer network T1, respectively. In some embodiments, the receiving submodule 420 includes two wavelength frequency band multiplexers (band MUX) BMUX1 and BMUX2 to integrate and filter the optical signals from the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e, respectively. The first uplink transmission optical signals Tsu1a to Tsu1e and the third uplink transmission optical signals Tsu3a to Tsu3e having different wavelength frequency bands from the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e in P1 and P2 are received, and they are combined optical signals. As Sigma1 and Sigma2, they are integrated into one optical fiber and put into the optical path switching submodule 460.

In some embodiments, the two wavelength frequency band multiplexers BMUX1 and BMUX2 connect different transmission rings of optical branch insertion subsystems of different pods P1 and P2. As an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the wavelength frequency band multiplexer BMUX1 connects the first transmission module 210 of each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to 200e in the pod P1 downward, and the wavelength frequency band multiplexer BMUX2 Connects the second transmission module 220 of each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a-200e in the pod P2 downward. For ease of understanding, the connection between the first tier network T1 and the second tier network T2 will be described in detail in a later paragraph.

Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, one pod P1 includes up to five optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e, and the first transmission module 210 in the corresponding optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e of each transmission ring. When different wavelength frequency bands are used for both the second transmission module 220 and the second transmission module 220, the wavelength frequency band multiplexers BMUX1 and BMUX2 in which the optical switching link subsystem 400a is arranged are 5-band (5-band) multiplexers, respectively. Allows optical signals of five different wavelength frequency bands to pass through each of the five insertion ports. As an example, the optical signal entering the wavelength frequency band multiplexer BMUX1 from the first insertion port passes only the optical signal having wavelengths λ1 to λ8, and the optical signals of the remaining wavelengths are filtered by the wavelength frequency band multiplexer BMUX1. As the optical signal entering the wavelength frequency band multiplexer BMUX1 from the second insertion port, only the optical signal having a wavelength of λ9-λ16 passes, and so on.

The output submodule 440 is coupled to each drop port and is used to transmit the combined optical signals SigmaD1 and SigmaD2 from the optical path switching submodule 460 to the pods P1 and P2 in the first layer network T1. Specifically, the output submodule 440 mainly includes beam splitters SPLT1 and SPLT2. Structurally, the beam splitter SPLT1 connects the optical branching insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the pod P1, and the beam splitter SPLT2 connects the optical branching insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the pod P2. The beam splitters SPLT1 and SPLT2 copy the combined optical signals SigmaD1 and SigmaD2 from the optical path switching submodule 460 and divide them into the second downlink optical signals TSd2a to TSd2e and the fourth downlink transmitted optical signals TSd4a to TSd4e, respectively, to form the first layer. It is transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e of the pods P1 and P2 in the network T1.

Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, if one pod P1 includes up to five optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e, the 1x5 beam splitter SPLT1 copies the combined optical signal SigmaD1 and five second downlink transmissions. The optical signals are divided into TSd2a to TSd2e and output to the first transmission module 210 of the five optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e in the pod P1, respectively. Another 1x5 beam splitter SPLT2 copies the composite optical signal SigmaD2 and divides it into five fourth downlink transmission optical signals TSd4a-TSd4e, respectively, in the second transmission module of the five optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e in the pod P2. Output to 220.

Structurally, the optical path switching submodule 460 is coupled to the receive submodule 420, the output submodule 440 and the interconnect line module 480, and transmits an optical signal between the receive submodule 420, the output submodule 440 and the interconnect line module 480. Used for.

In some embodiments, the optical path switching submodule 460 includes one NxM wavelength selection switch to perform wavelength selection, which causes the optical switching link subsystem 400a to east the optical signal from the first layer network T1. Can be transmitted west to other optical switching link subsystems (eg, optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e) or down to other pods in layer 1 network T1 and other east, west light. Optical signals from the switching link subsystems 400b to 400e may be received and transmitted to the pods P1 and P2 in the first layer network T1. N and M are two or more arbitrary positive integers, the number of transmission modules included in one optical branch insertion subsystem 200, and the interconnected optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e included in the second layer network T2. Depends on the number of.

As an example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, since one optical branch insertion subsystem 200 includes two independent first transmission modules 210 and a second transmission module 220, there are two sets in the optical switching link subsystem 400a. The multiplexers BMUX1 and BMUX2 of the above are arranged. Correspondingly, the optical path switching submodule 460 includes a first uplink input end and a second uplink input end, and is coupled to a multiplexer BMUX1 and a multiplexer BMUX2, respectively, to receive a composite optical signal Sigma1 and a composite optical signal Sigma2, respectively. Used to do.

Since the second layer network T2 has five connected optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e, each optical switching link subsystem (for example, optical switching link subsystem 400a) has four other optical switching. It has lines connected from link subsystems 400b-400e. Therefore, the optical path switching submodule 460 includes a plurality of corresponding downlink input terminals, is coupled to the interconnect line module 480, and is used to receive horizontal transmission optical signals from the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e, respectively. .. Therefore, in this example, the number of input ends of the optical path switching submodule 460 is four downlink input ends in addition to the two uplink input ends, and the value of N is 6.

On the other hand, since the optical switching link subsystem 400a is used to transmit data downward to the two pods P1 and P2, two beam splitters SPLT1 and SPLT2 are arranged in the optical switching link subsystem 400a. Correspondingly, the optical path switching submodule 460 includes a first downlink output end and a second downlink output end, and is coupled to the beam splitter SPLT1 and the beam splitter SPLT2, respectively, and the beam splitter SPLT1 is the second downlink transmission optical signal TSd2a. It is used to output ~ TSd2e, and the beam splitter SPLT2 is used to output the fourth downlink transmission optical signals TSd4a to TSd4e.

The optical switching link subsystem 400a is used to output signals to the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e in both directions to the east and west. Therefore, the optical path switching submodule 460 includes a first uplink output terminal and a second uplink output end, each of which is coupled to an interconnect line module 480 to transmit the horizontal transmission optical signal to the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e. It is used to output to. Therefore, in this example, four output ends are required for each, and the value of M is 4.

In this infrastructure, compared to existing optical switching submodules, the 6x4 (6 in 4 out) optical path switching submodule 460 simplifies line design, uses fewer lines, and even detects optical signal intensity. It may be used to work with the failover submodule 490 (see Figure 6).

See FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal design of the optical path switching submodule 460 according to some examples of the present disclosure contents. As shown in FIG. 5, the 6x4 optical path switching submodule 460 includes a plurality of input beam splitters 462a to 462f, a wavelength selection switch array 464, a plurality of output optical combiners 466a to 466d, and a plurality of optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d. include. Specifically, in the optical path switching submodule 460, the number of input beam splitters 462a to 462f corresponds to the number N of input ends, and the number of output optical combiners 466a to 466d and the number of optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d are the number of output ends. Corresponds to M. In this example, the 6x4 optical path switching submodule 460 includes six input beam splitters 462a-462f, four output optical combiners 466a-466d, and four optical signal amplifiers 468a-468d. The wavelength selection switch array 464 is an array consisting of 14 1x1 wavelength selection switches 464a to 464n. In this embodiment, the six input beam splitters 462a-462f include four downlink input beam splitters 462a-462d and two uplink input beam splitters 462e-462f. The wavelength selection switches 464a to 464n of 14 are four horizontally transmitted wavelength selection switches 464a to 464d, a first part downlink transmission wavelength selection switch 464e to 464i, and a second part downlink transmission wavelength selection switch 464j. Includes ~ 464n. The four output light combiners 466a to 466d include two horizontally transmitted output light combiners 466a to 466b and two downlink transmitted output light combiners 466c to 466d.

Operationally, the input beam splitters 462a to 462f are coupled to the downlink input end, the first uplink input end, or the second uplink input end, respectively, and correspondingly copy a plurality of first optical signals to a wavelength selection switch. Output to a plurality of wavelength selection switches 464a to 464n in the array 464. The wavelength selection switches 464a to 464n each select the corresponding wavelength of the first optical signal based on the control signal CS received from the software-defined network controller 500 and correspond as the second optical signal. Output to 466d. The output optical combiners 466a to 466d receive and synthesize the corresponding two or more of the second optical signals, respectively, and output the plurality of third optical signals to the optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d. As a result, the optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d can amplify the third optical signal, and the amplified third optical signal is output to the first downlink output end, the second downlink output end, and the first uplink output end, respectively. Alternatively, it is output as synthetic optical signals SigmaD1, SigmaD2, SigmaE0, and SigmaW0 by the second uplink output end. The following paragraphs describe the operation of each device unit.

Specifically, the uplink-transmitted input beam splitter 462e is coupled to the first uplink input end, and the uplink-transmitted input beam splitter 462f is coupled to the second uplink input end from the multiplexer BMUX1 and the multiplexer BMUX2. It is used to receive the synthetic light signal Sigma1 and the synthetic light signal Sigma2. The uplink-transmitted input beam splitters 462e, 462f are used to copy and split the combined optical signals Sigma1 and Sigma2, respectively, and also to the three different 1x1 wavelength selection switches 464a of the wavelength selection switch array 464, respectively. Connect 464n. As shown in the drawing, the input beam splitter 462e to be transmitted upstream is connected to the wavelength selection switches 464a, 464c, 464n, and corresponds to the first horizontal transmission signal H1E, the second horizontal transmission signal H1W, and the third downlink. The transmission signal U1D2 is output. The uplink-transmitted input beam splitter 462f is connected to the wavelength selection switches 464b, 464d, and 464i, and correspondingly outputs the first horizontal transmission signal H2E, the second horizontal transmission signal H2W, and the third downlink transmission signal U2D1. ..

The downlink input ends of the optical path switching subsystem 460 are used to receive optical signals from two optical switching link subsystems, east and west, respectively. As an example, with respect to the optical path switching submodule 460 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a, the downlink input ends are the horizontal optical paths Sigma1 and Sigma2 from the eastern optical path switching submodules 460b and 460c, and the west optical path switching submodule 460e, respectively. It is used to receive the horizontal optical signals SigmaW1 and SigmaW2 from 460d. The optical signals SigE1, SigE2, SigW1, and SigW2 are connected to 1x2 downlink input beam splitters 462a, 462b, 462c, and 462d by optical fibers at the downlink input ends, respectively, and the optical signal is copied and divided into two, and then each of them is used again. Connect the corresponding one of the 1x1 wavelength selection switches 464a-464n.

Specifically, any one of the downlink input beam splitters 462a to 462d, the corresponding one at the downlink input end, is coupled to and the horizontal optical signal received from the corresponding optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e. SigE1, SigE2, SigW1, and SigW2 are copied, and the corresponding first downlink transmission signals E1D1, E2D1, W1D1, W2D1 and the second downlink transmission signals E1D2, E2D2, W1D2, and W2D2 are selected by the wavelength selection switch array 464. It is used to output to the corresponding one of 464a to 464n.

As shown in the drawings, in one example, the downlink transmission input beam splitter 462a connects the first downlink transmission signal E1D1 and the second downlink transmission signal E1D2 and outputs them to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464e and 464j. The downlink transmission input beam splitter 462b connects the first downlink transmission signal E2D1 and the second downlink transmission signal E2D2 and outputs them to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464f and 464k. The downlink transmission input beam splitter 462c connects the first downlink transmission signal W1D1 and the second downlink transmission signal W1D2 and outputs them to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464g and 464l. The downlink transmission input beam splitter 462d connects the first downlink transmission signal W2D1 and the second downlink transmission signal W2D2 and outputs them to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464h and 464m.

In the 14 wavelength selection switches 464a to 464n of the wavelength selection switch array 464, the four horizontally transmitted wavelength selection switches 464a, 464b, 464c, and 464d are the east and west others transmitted to the second layer network T2, respectively. It is used to select a wavelength for the horizontal transmission signals H1E, H2E, H1W, and H2W of the optical path switching submodule 460, and the corresponding wavelength is selected and output as a corresponding third optical signal. The downlink wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part and the downlink wavelength selection switches 464j to 464n of the second part are transmitted downward to two adjacent pods in the first layer network T1. Used to select the wavelength for the signal.

Specifically, the downlink wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part select the corresponding wavelengths of the downlink transmission signals E1D1, E2D1, W1D1, W2D1 and the downlink transmission signal U2D1, respectively, and correspond to the third optical signal. It is used to output as. The downlink wavelength selection switches 464j to 464n of the second part select the corresponding wavelengths of the downlink transmission signals E1D2, E2D2, W1D2, W2D2 and the downlink transmission signal U1D2, respectively, and output them as the corresponding third optical signals. Used for. In this way, the downlink wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part can select the wavelength with respect to the optical signal transmitted to the lower pod P1. The downlink wavelength selection switches 464j to 464n of the second part can select the wavelength with respect to the optical signal transmitted to the lower pod P2.

In short, after the 14 wavelength selection switches 464a to 464n in the wavelength selection switch array 464 complete the wavelength selection operation, the third optical signal output by the wavelength selection switch array 464 both has four transmission directions. The directions are east, west, pod P1 and pod P2, respectively. Each wavelength selection switch 464a-464n having the same transmission direction is also connected to the corresponding one in the output optical combiners 466a-466d to integrate the optical signal into one optical path.

As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the horizontally transmitted output optical combiner 466a is used to synthesize a third optical signal output by the horizontally transmitted wavelength selection switches 464a and 464b. Another horizontally transmitted output optical combiner 466b is used to synthesize a third optical signal output by the horizontally transmitted wavelength selection switches 464c and 464d. The downlink output optical combiner 466c is used to synthesize a third optical signal output by the downlink wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part. Another downlink-transmitted output optical combiner 466d is used to synthesize a third optical signal output by the downlink-transmitted wavelength selection switches 464j to 464n in the second part.

Finally, the output optical combiners 466a to 466d are connected to the corresponding ones in the optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d, respectively, to enhance the optical signal intensity, and the combined optical signals SigD1, SigD2, SigE0, and SigW0 output at the end are set as the destination. Ensure that you have enough power to transmit.

It should be noted that, similar to optical communication in the first layer network T1, when multiple optical signals of the same wavelength enter the optical path switching submodule 460 at the same time, the optical signals of the same wavelength are the same output optical combiners 466a to 466d. A collision may occur by passing through.

As an example, when both the optical signals Sigma1 and Sigma2 from the pod P1 and the pod P2 are transmitted to the east, if both signal wavelengths are λ5, the output optical combiner 466a outputs two λ5 optical signals. Collision occurs by integrating with the optical fiber of. Similarly, when the optical signals Sigma1 and Sigma2 are transmitted to the west, they may pass through the output optical combiner 466b and a collision may occur. If both the signal wavelengths of the two optical signals SigmaE1 and SigmaW1 from the first optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400e in the east and west are λ6, they pass through the 5x1 output optical combiner 466c and pass through the pod P1. A collision of the integrated optical signals occurs. Similarly, when an optical signal is transmitted to the pod P2, it may pass through a 5x1 (5 in 1 out) output optical combiner 466d and cause a collision.

See FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the interconnect line module 480 according to some examples of the present disclosure contents. The interconnect line module 480 is used to connect the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e. Between any two of the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e, the corresponding horizontal transmission optical signal is transmitted by the corresponding first line (ie, the normal line). In some embodiments, any two of the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e are connected by a second line (ie, a protection circuit) different from the first line. The interconnect line module 480 includes a failover submodule (failover module) 490.

Specifically, the interconnect line module 480 has upload ends In1 and In2, eastward output ends E1 to E2, eastern protective output ends E3 to E6, eastern input ends E7 to E8, and eastern protective input ends E9. ~ E12, west direction input ends W1 to W2, west direction protection input ends W3 to W6, west direction output ends W7 to W8, west direction protection output ends W9 to W12, interconnect beam splitters 481 to 486, and failover Includes a submodule (failover model) 490.

The interconnect line module 480 includes an internal line for the optical switching link subsystem 400a to connect to the other optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e in the east and west. As shown in the drawing, the interconnect line includes a normal line and a protection circuit. Normal lines (as shown by solid lines in the drawing) are used to transmit optical signals in situations where the system is normal. The protected line (as shown by the dotted line in the drawing) is used to take over the transmission of optical signals in the opposite direction when the normal line is cut off. The number of interconnect lines depends on the total number of optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e to which the system connects. As an example, this embodiment is a line diagram formed when connected to each other by five optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e. In fact, the structures connected to each other between the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e in the second layer network T2 are indeed one mesh structure. Thus, it basically has one east output line NLE0 and one west output line NLW0 from two east optical switching link subsystems (eg, 400b, 400c). It has input lines NLE1, NLE2 and input lines NLW1, NLW2 from two west optical switching link subsystems (eg, 400e, 400d), both connected to the optical path switching submodule 460 with two normal solid lines. And both are connected to the failover submodule 490 with four normal solid lines.

On the other hand, since the protection output lines PLW0 and PLE0 and the protection input lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1 and PLW2 (dotted lines) correspond to the normal lines one by one, there are at least six lines. The remaining lines are transit lines, some of which copy and divide the optical signal by interconnect beam splitters 481-486 and simultaneously transmit it to the optical switching link subsystem and the next optical switching link subsystem, another one. The unit directly passes through the main optical switching link subsystem and is connected to the next optical switching link subsystem from east to west.

The input lines NLE1, NLE2, NLW1, NLW2 and the protective input lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1 and PLW2 are connected to the failover submodule 490. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the input lines NLE1, NLE2, NLW1, NLW2 and the protected input lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1 and PLW2 are directly connected to the failover submodule 490, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the input lines NLE1, NLE2, NLW1, NLW2 and the protected input lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1, PLW2 may be indirectly connected to the failover submodule 490. On the other hand, the output lines NLE0 and NLW0 are directly connected to the optical path switching submodule 460.

Regarding the signal output from pod P1 or pod P2 to other optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e, first, the two optical fibers that are to be transmitted from the optical path switching submodule 460 to the east and west are interconnect line modules, respectively. It is connected to the first upload end In1 and the second upload end In2 of the 480.

The first upload end In1 and the second upload end In2 are connected to one 1x2 interconnect beam splitters 485 and 486, respectively. The interconnect beam splitter 485 copies the combined optical signal SigmaW0 received from the optical path switching submodule 460, and is output as the horizontal transmission optical signal SigmaW7 by the first westward output end W7 (that is, the line NLW0), respectively. It is used to be output as another horizontal transmission optical signal by the protection output end E3 (that is, line PLE0) in the east direction. Similarly, the interconnect beam splitter 486 copies the combined light signal Sigma E0 received from the optical path switching submodule 460 and outputs it as a horizontally transmitted light signal Sigma E1 by the first eastern output end E1 (ie, line NLE0), respectively. It is used to be output as a horizontal transmission optical signal SigmaW9 by the first westward protection output end W9 (that is, line PLW0).

That is, the interconnect beam splitters 485 and 486 are used to copy the optical signal and split it into two, respectively, and one of them is the optical switching link subsystems 400e and 400d and optical switching in the normal direction (that is, normal lines NLW0 and NLE0). It is transmitted to the link subsystems 400b and 400c, and the other is transmitted in the opposite direction (ie, protection input lines PLE0, PLW0).

As shown in the drawing, the interconnect line module 480 transmits the corresponding horizontal transmission optical signal SigmaE1 in the first direction (eg, to the east) to the optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400c, and the second direction is different from the first direction. The corresponding horizontal transmission optical signal SigmaW7 is transmitted to the optical switching link subsystems 400e and 400d in the direction of (for example, to the west). That is, in the normal path, the interconnect line module 480 transmits optical signals to the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e in two different directions.

Similarly, signals received from other optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e and output to pod P1 or pod P2 are also divided into normal lines and protection circuits. Regarding the normal line, the normal lines NLE1 and NLW1 are connected from two input ports, the first eastern input end PiE1 and the first westward input end PiW1, and the eastern first optical switching link subsystem 400b. And used to receive signals from the first optical switching link subsystem 400e in the west.

The first eastern input end E7 and the first westward input end W1 are the first westward output ends W7 and the first in the interconnect line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400e, respectively. The horizontal transmission optical signals SigmaW7'and SigmaE1'are received from the output terminal E1 in the east direction. On the normal line, NLE1 and NLW1 are connected to one interconnect beam splitter 482, 481, respectively, and the horizontal transmission optical signals SigmaW7'and Sigma1' are copied and divided into two, one of which is continuously transmitted to the west and east. The other is transmitted to the local failover submodule 490.

As shown in the drawing, the two lines from east to west are finally connected to the next output port position. That is, the interconnect beam splitter 481 copies the horizontal transmission optical signal Sigma E1'received from the first westward input terminal W1 and outputs it as the horizontal transmission optical signal Sigma E2 by the second eastward output terminal E2. Used for. Used for the interconnect beam splitter 482 to copy the horizontal transmission optical signal SigmaW7'received from the first eastward input end E7 and output it as the horizontal transmission optical signal SigmaW8 by the second westward output end W8. Be done. Further, the two lines transmitted to the local failover submodule 490 are connected to the output ports O4 and O8, respectively.

The second set of normal lines NLE2 and NLW2 are lines connected from the second eastward input end E8 and the second westward input end W2, respectively, and are the eastern second optical switching link subsystem 400c. And the horizontal transmission optical signals SigmaW8'and SigmaE2' from the second optical switching link subsystem 400d in the west are received, connected to the output ports O3 and O7, respectively, and directly connected to the local failover submodule 490. Used.

As for the protection circuit, the basic design principle is to arrange a line corresponding to the normal line but transmitted in the opposite direction, and connect it to the optical switching link subsystem node of the destination which is the same as the normal (solid line) path. ..

Unlike the normal line, when five optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are connected to each other, the protection path is the same as the normal path after first passing through the two optical switching link subsystem nodes in the opposite direction of the normal path. You can reach the optical switching link subsystem node of your destination.

For example, assuming that the eastern line of this optical switching link subsystem is disconnected, the optical signal to the two optical switching link subsystems in the east always goes west and is transmitted through the protection path (two in the west). The optical switching link subsystem is unaffected and must still use the normal path). These optical signals can always reach the two optical switching link subsystems in the east by simply bypassing the two optical switching link subsystems first. Optical signals do not need to be received as they pass through the two optical switching link subsystems in the west.

Therefore, the optical switching link subsystem 400a has two optical fibers that are not placed by the beam splitter in the protection path to the east and west, respectively. As shown in the drawing, the first eastward protection input end E9 and the first westward protection input end W3 are the first west in the interconnect line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400e, respectively. Horizontal transmission optical signal is received from the directional protection output end W9 and the first eastward protection output end E3, and horizontally transmitted by the second westward protection output end W10 and the second eastward protection output end E4. It is used to output an optical signal.

Similarly, the second eastern protection input end E10 and the second westward protection input end W4 are the second westward direction in the interconnect line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400e, respectively. The horizontal transmission optical signal is received from the protection output end W10 and the second eastward protection output end E4, and the horizontal transmission optical signal is received by the third westward protection output end W11 and the third eastward protection output end E5. Is used to output.

The third eastern protection input end E11 and the third westward protection input end W5 are the third westward protection output end W11 in the interconnect line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystem 400b and 400e, respectively. It is used to receive a horizontal transmission optical signal from the third protection output terminal E5 in the east direction.

The interconnect beam splitters 484 and 483 are coupled to the third eastern protection input end E11 and the third westward protection input end W5, respectively, to copy the received horizontal transmission optical signal to the next output port position. Connected, the horizontal transmission optical signal is output by the fourth westward protection output end W12 and the fourth eastward protection output terminal E6, and the horizontal transmission optical signal is output to the failover submodule 490 by the output terminals O2 and O6. Used for output.

Finally, the fourth eastern protection input end E12 and the fourth westward protection input end W6 are the fourth westward protection outputs in the interconnect line modules 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400e, respectively. It is used to receive the horizontal transmission optical signal from the end W12 and the fourth eastward protection output end E6, and output the horizontal transmission optical signal to the failover submodule 490 by the output ends O1 and O5.

As shown in the drawings, the failover submodule 490 is coupled to the interconnect beam splitters 483, 484, the fourth eastern protection input end E12 and the fourth westward protection input end W6. The failover submodule 490 is also coupled to the interconnect beam splitters 481 and 482 on the normal path, the second eastern input end E8 and the second westward input end W2. Thereby, the failover submodule 490 is used to select to receive the horizontally transmitted optical signal from the normal path or the protection path, from the normal path to the interconnect beam splitters 481 and 482, the second eastern input. The horizontal transmission optical signal is output to the optical path switching submodule 460 by the end E8 and the second west input end W2, or selectively in the protection path, the interconnect beam splitters 483, 484, and the fourth east direction protection input end. The horizontal transmission optical signal is output to the optical path switching submodule 460 by the E12 and the fourth protection input terminal W6 in the west direction.

As shown in the drawing, the failover submodule 490 includes a plurality of optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498, wherein the optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498 are the first line (that is, the normal line) and the second, respectively. 1st to 1st horizontal transmission optical signal (transmitted by normal line) and 2nd horizontal transmission optical signal (protection circuit) in the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e by the line (ie, protection circuit). The first horizontal transmission optical signal and the second horizontal transmission optical signal here are transmitted to each other between different optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e in the ring-shaped mesh structure R2. Refers to the horizontal transmission optical signal, and outputs the first horizontal transmission optical signal and one second horizontal transmission optical signal to the optical path switching submodule 460 corresponding to the selection signal SS output from the microcontroller (MCU) 410. , The horizontal transmission optical signal in the ring-shaped mesh structure R2 will be further described in a later embodiment.

See FIGS. 7A and 7B. FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram showing an interconnection network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the second layer network T2 according to a part of the embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7B is an enlarged schematic view of a part of FIG. 7A.

The interconnect network is mainly used to construct an optical tunnel transmitted between optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e, whereby the first layer network T1 to which each optical switching link subsystem 400a to 400e is connected. Optical signals can be transmitted to each other between the pods in. As mentioned above, the interconnect network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e is indeed one mesh structure. The multiple optical fibers in the Ribbon Fiber allow the connections from each optical switching link subsystem 400a-400e to another optical switching link subsystem to be independent of each other, for example, the optical switching link subsystem 400a. The connections from the optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e to the other optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e, and the connections from the optical switching link subsystem 400b to the other optical switching link subsystems 400a; 400c; 400d; 400e are independent of each other.

Due to the adoption of ribbon-shaped optical fibers, all optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e are apparently connected in a single ring-like structure, simplifying wiring complexity. Note that this mesh-like network infrastructure allows data between different optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e to be transmitted simultaneously using the same wavelength combination without collisions, which is characterized by wavelength reusability. I'm emphasizing.

A better understanding of the interconnect network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, in conjunction with FIGS. 4 and 6.

As shown in FIG. 7A, under normal circumstances, the optical switching link subsystem 400a transmits an optical signal to the optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400c of the two east nodes on a normal path / two nodes in the east. Receives optical signals from the optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400c and transmits the optical signals to the optical switching link subsystems 400d and 400e of the two western nodes / optical switching link subsystems 400d and 400e of the two western nodes. Receive an optical signal. According to the design of the internal interconnect line module 480 shown in FIG. 6, when the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are connected to each other by an optical fiber, the output ends E1 to the east direction in the interconnect line of the optical switching link subsystem 400a. The optical paths of the input ends E7 to E12 in the east direction of E6 are connected by optical fibers, respectively, and the optical paths of the input ends W1 to W6 in the west direction and the output ends W7 to W12 in the west direction in the next optical switching link subsystem 400b interconnect line. The same applies to the following.

Further, due to the interconnection structure of the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e, optical signals are transmitted to each other without collision with the same combination of wavelengths (λ5, λ6, λ7, λ8), and have the characteristic of wavelength reuse. As shown in the drawings, the optical switching link subsystem 400a may transmit optical signals to the optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e by wavelength combinations λ5, λ6, λ7, and λ8, respectively. The optical switching link subsystem 400b may also transmit optical signals to the optical switching link subsystems 400c to 400e and 400a with wavelength combinations λ5, λ6, λ7 and λ8, respectively, without collision. Similarly, the same wavelength combination λ5, λ6, λ7, λ8 may reuse other optical switching link subsystems 400c-400e for other optical switching link subsystems to transmit optical signals to each other. Its contents are not explained here.

In the example shown in FIG. 7A, the path RTa is the first node (optical switching link subsystem 400b) east of the optical switching link subsystem 400a with the optical signal Sigma from the pod P2 in the first layer network T1 at the wavelength λ5 and the normal path. ) Is transmitted. During transmission, the 6x4 wavelength selection switch (ie, optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400a selects the optical signal Sigma from the pod P2 and transmits it eastward to the 1x2 interconnect beam splitter in the internal interconnect line. It is copied by 486, split in the normal direction (ie, east) and transmitted to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400b). When the optical signal Sigma enters the internal interconnect line of the destination optical switching link subsystem 400b, it is copied by the 1x2 interconnect beam splitter 481 and divided and transmitted to the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400b, in this case. , The failover submodule 490 passes an optical signal on the normal path and transmits it to a 6x4 wavelength selection switch (that is, an optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400b to select and receive a wavelength. Specific transmission details of the optical signal are shown in FIG. 7B and are not described herein.

On the other hand, in the path RTb, the optical signal Sigma B from the pod P1 in the first layer network T1 is transmitted to the second node (optical switching link subsystem 400d) in the west by the optical switching link subsystem 400a at the wavelength λ7 by the normal path. Indicates that. During transmission, the 6x4 wavelength selection switch (ie, optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400a selects the optical signal Sigma B from pod P1 and transmits it west to the 1x2 interconnect beam in its internal interconnect line. It is copied by the splitter 485, divided in the normal direction (west), and transmitted to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400e).

When the optical signal Sigma B enters the internal interconnect line of the optical switching link subsystem 400e, it is copied by the 1x2 interconnect beam splitter 482, divided westward, and continuously transmitted to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400d). When the optical signal Sigma B enters the interconnect line inside the destination optical switching link subsystem 400d, it is transmitted directly to the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400d, in which case the failover submodule 490 is in the normal path. The above optical signal is passed through and transmitted to a 6x4 wavelength selection switch (that is, an optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400d to select and receive a wavelength.

See FIG. 8A. FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of the operation of the protection circuit according to a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8A, it is assumed that the ribbon-shaped optical fiber between the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the optical switching link subsystem 400e is cut, so that the optical switching link subsystem 400a has an optical signal westward by a normal path. SigC cannot be transmitted to the optical switching link subsystem 400e, and the optical signal cannot be transmitted to the optical switching link subsystem 400d. In this case, the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400e detects that the light intensity from the first optical switching link subsystem 400a in the east suddenly weakens, and automatically shifts the connection to the protection path RTc. Switch.

In fact, the disconnection of the ribbon-shaped optical fiber between the optical switching link subsystems 400a, 400e simultaneously affects the signal transmission of other optical switching link subsystems.

表２．ＯＳＩＳ光信号の受信状態 In this example, the states in which each optical switching link subsystem 400a-400e receives optical signals from the other two optical switching link subsystems in the east / west are as shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2. OSIS optical signal reception status

In Table 2, the indicator O indicates that the optical signal can be received by the normal path, but the indicator X cannot receive the optical signal by the normal path, and the failover submodule 490 always switches the connection to the protection path and the optical signal. Indicates that must be received. Therefore, only the optical switching link subsystem 400c is not affected by the disconnection of the ribbon-shaped optical fiber, and some reception paths of other optical switching link subsystems are affected by the disconnection of the ribbon-shaped optical fiber, and the failover submodule 490 Need to switch the connection to a protected path.

In fact, under normal circumstances, the optical signal Sigma C is copied by the interconnect beam splitter 485 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and split into two lights at the same time in the normal path (ie, the first horizontal transmission optical signal goes west). And the protection path (ie, the path RTc to the east of the second horizontal transmission optical signal). When the optical signal Sigma C is transmitted east by a protection path, it passes through two nodes (optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400c) and not through its internal interconnect beam splitter, and also the optical switching link subsystem 400d. To transmit to. When the optical signal Sigma enters the internal interconnect line of the optical switching link subsystem 400d, it is copied by the 1x2 interconnect beam splitter 483, divided eastward, and continuously transmitted to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400e).

Finally, when the optical signal Sigma enters the internal interconnect line of the destination optical switching link subsystem 400e, it is transmitted directly to the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400e. In this case, since the failover submodule 490 has already been switched to the protection path, the optical signal Sigma passes through and is transmitted to the 6x4 wavelength selection switch (that is, the optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400e to have a wavelength. Select and receive.

As a result, the optical switches 492, 494, 494, and 498 in the failover submodule 490 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a are first from the corresponding ones in the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e by normal lines, respectively. The horizontal transmission optical signal is received, the second horizontal transmission optical signal is received by the protection circuit, and the first horizontal transmission optical signal and one second horizontal transmission optical signal are switched to the optical path switching sub corresponding to the selection signal SS. It can be output to module 460. Thus, if the normal line is disconnected or other failure causes the first horizontal transmission optical signal to be lost or the signal strength to be reduced, the corresponding optical switches 492, 494, 494, 498 are switched to the protection path and the second Signal transmission can be performed by the horizontal transmission optical signal of.

See FIG. 6 again. As shown in FIG. 6, in the failover submodule 490, in addition to the optical switches 492, 494, 494, and 498, four spectrodetectors (tap PD) 491, 493, 495, and 497 are arranged. .. As explained in the previous paragraph, the 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498 are optical signals from the normal and protective paths (dotted) of each of the two east and west optical switching link subsystems. Is used to receive.

As shown in the drawing, the optical signals entering the normal path and the protection path of the same 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498 are copied and divided by the interconnect beam splitters 485 and 486 at the source end, and are in phase with the normal direction, respectively. It is transmitted from the opposite direction, and therefore the information content described in the two optical signals is the same. The default switching setting of each 2x1 optical switch 492, 494, 496, 498 is to pass an optical signal of a normal path.

In some embodiments, the role of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, 497 is to convert a 2% optical input power to the corresponding current value and also to an analog-to-digital converter (Analog). -To-Digital Converter) is converted to the corresponding voltage value, whereby the optical switches 492, 494, 494, and 498 are switched according to the voltage value, respectively.

As an example, if the voltage value is lower than the critical value (ie, it detects a disconnection or a bad signal), the microcontroller (Micro-controller unit; MCU) 410 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a outputs the signal SS. Then, the corresponding 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 494, and 498 are switched so as to pass the optical signal of the protection path. As a result, the microcontroller 410 sets the selection signal SS when the signal intensity of the first horizontal transmission optical signal is smaller than the threshold value so as to control the second horizontal transmission optical signal output from the failover submodule 490. It is used to output to the failover submodule 490.

Specifically, when the microcontroller 410 activates the optical path switching has two different determination methods. First, the first judgment mechanism is a polling mechanism. See FIG. 8B. FIG. 8B is a flow chart showing a determination method 800 of the microcontroller 410 in the polling mechanism. In the polling mechanism, the microcontroller 410 actively monitors the voltage state of each spectrodetector 491, 493, 495, 497, and switches the optical switch when it finds a disconnection. In some embodiments, the microcontroller 410 can execute the driver to perform the operation corresponding to the determination method 800.

As shown in FIG. 8B, the determination method 800 includes steps S810 to S840. First, in step S810, the voltage values of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497 are read out in order by the driver in the microcontroller 410. Next, in step S820, the magnitude of the voltage value read by the spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, and 497, respectively, is compared with a predetermined threshold value.

When the voltage value is larger than the threshold value, step S830 is executed, an interval time (for example: 5 seconds) is waited, and steps S810 to S830 are repeated.

If the voltage value is smaller than the threshold value, step S840 is executed to execute the abnormality handling program. Step S840 further includes steps S841 to S845. First, in step S841, the number of abnormalities is determined from the system record of the system firmware. That is, the driver can determine whether to detect the abnormality in the first time or the abnormality in the second time.

If the driver first detects that one of the voltage values of the spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, 497 is less than the preset threshold, the corresponding normal receive path is considered a fact connection and step S842. , S843 is executed. In step S842, the microcontroller 410 outputs a selection signal SS to switch the corresponding 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 494, 498, thereby passing the optical signal of the spare protection path. In step S843, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal to notify the system firmware that the first abnormality situation of one spectrodetector 491, 493, 495, 497 has occurred.

If the driver secondarily detects that one voltage value of the spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, 497 is less than a persistently defined threshold, the microcontroller 410 has a corresponding 2x1 optical switch 492, 494, Steps S844 and S845 are executed without switching 496 and 498. In step S844, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal to notify the system firmware that the second abnormality situation of one spectrodetector 491, 493, 495, 497 occurs. Next, in step S845, the microcontroller 410 stops the operation of polling the anomalous spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, 497 and reading the state.

When the ribbon optics are repaired, the system firmware notifies the driver to perform the restore operation and switches all 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 494, 498 back to their original normal path. It should be noted that in the determination method 800, the microcontroller 410 continuously checks the voltage state and determines whether to disconnect, so that a part of the computational resources of the microcontroller 410 is consumed.

On the other hand, the second type of judgment mechanism is an interrupt mechanism. In the interruption mechanism, the microcontroller 410 does not always monitor the state of the spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, 497, but when a disconnect occurs, the microcontroller 410 checks the state of the spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, 497. The trigger is interrupted to confirm, switching the path of the corresponding 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498.

See FIGS. 8C and 8D. 8C and 8D are schematic operation diagrams in which the microcontroller 410 executes the interruption mechanism according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8C, the spectrodetectors 491, 493, 495, 497 include interruption pins ITR1 to ITR4, respectively, which are connected to the microcontroller 410. Taking the spectrodetector 491 as an example, when the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 is smaller than the threshold value in the first time, the corresponding interruption pins ITR1 to ITR4 are triggered to output the trigger signal TS1 and notify the microcontroller 410. Will be done. When the microcontroller 410 receives the trigger signal TS1, it executes the corresponding driver to perform an operation similar to the determination method 800.

Specifically, in this case, the microcontroller 410 first reads the voltage value of the spectrodetector 491 and confirms that it is smaller than the threshold value. When the voltage value is smaller than the threshold value, the microcontroller 410 determines the number of abnormalities based on the system record of the system firmware FW.

When the microcontroller 410 first confirms that the voltage value of the spectrodetector 491 is smaller than the preset threshold value, the normal reception path is regarded as a failure connection, and steps S842 and S843 are executed. In step S842, the microcontroller 410 outputs a selection signal SS and switches the corresponding 2x1 optical switch 492 to pass a spare protection path optical signal. In step S843, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal NS1 to notify the system firmware FW that there is currently a spectrodetector 491 in which the first abnormal situation occurs.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8D, when the voltage value of the spectrodetector 491 is smaller than the threshold value in the second time, the interruption pin ITR1 is triggered again and outputs the trigger signal TS2 to notify the microcontroller 410. In this case, the microcontroller 410 reads the voltage value of the spectrodetector 491 again and confirms that it is smaller than the threshold value.

When the microcontroller 410 secondly detects that the voltage value of the spectrodetector 491 is continuously smaller than the predetermined threshold value, the microcontroller 410 executes step S844 without switching the 2x1 optical switch 492. In step S844, the microcontroller 410 outputs the abnormality notification signal NS2 to notify the system firmware FW that the second abnormality situation of one spectrodetector 491 has occurred.

Similarly, when the ribbon-shaped optical fiber is repaired, the system firmware FW notifies the microcontroller 410, the driver performs the restore operation, and all 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498 are re-original. Switch to the normal route.

In short, by the polling mechanism shown in FIG. 8B or the interruption mechanism shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, the microcontroller 410 controls the failover submodule 490 to selectively transmit optical signals from the normal or protected path. It is possible to realize the interconnection protection path design between each optical switching link subsystem 400a to 400e in the second layer network T2.

Thus, when one ribbon-shaped optical fiber in the second layer network T2 is cut, the optical signal is still transmitted to the destination optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e by the protection path, whereby the optical signal transmission is performed. Not affected.

See FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an inter-pod optical tunnel path according to some examples of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the rack 900c in the pod P1 attempts to transmit an optical signal to the racks 900a, 900b in another pod P2. The software-defined network controller 500 is used to establish an inter-pod optical tunnel. Specifically, the optical tunnel includes the transmission path of the optical signal and the wavelength of the selected optical signal. The optical tunnel between the rack 900c and the rack 900a passes through the top oblack switch ToRc, the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c, the optical switching link subsystem 400a, the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a, and the top oblack switch ToRa by the rack 900c. An optical tunnel that reaches the path RP1 of the rack 900a and forms a transmission optical signal having a wavelength of λ5 is selected and used.

On the other hand, the optical tunnel between the rack 900c and the rack 900b is top-of-black switch ToRc, optical branch insertion subsystem 200c, optical switching link subsystem 400a, exchange connector system 400b, optical branch insertion subsystem 200b, top by rack 900c. An optical tunnel is selected and used, which passes through the Oblack switch ToRb, reaches the path RP2 of the rack 900b, and forms a transmission optical signal having a wavelength of λ6.

6x4 wavelength selection switches in the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200c and the optical switching link subsystems 400a, 400b along the path to select the specific wavelength to pass through to establish these two optical tunnels. (That is, the optical path switching submodule 460) must be set.

See FIGS. 10A and 10B. 10A and 10B are schematic installation diagrams of the optical path switching submodule 460 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the optical switching link subsystem 400b, respectively. As shown in FIG. 10A, one 1x1 wavelength selection switch 464n in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and a 2x1 wavelength selection switch in the second transmission module 220 of the destination optical branch insertion subsystem 200a with respect to the path RP1. An optical tunnel can be established simply by setting one corresponding 1x1 wavelength selection switch on the WSS21.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the 1x1 wavelength selection switch 464a in the optical switching link subsystem 400a, the 1x1 wavelength selection switch 464g in the optical switching link subsystem 400b, and the destination light with respect to the path RP2. An optical tunnel can be established simply by setting one corresponding 1x1 wavelength selection switch of the 2x1 wavelength selection switch WSS11 in the first transmission module 210 of the branch insertion subsystem 200b.

Thus, during transmission, the optical signals of wavelengths λ5 and λ6 are first subjected to the first transmission module 210 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c by the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module at the top-of-rack switch ToRc entry / exit port of the rack 900c. It is transmitted to the corresponding insertion port, integrated into one optical fiber by the multiplexer 212, copied by the 2x2 first beam splitter SP11, split north and transmitted to the corresponding insertion port of the optical switching link subsystem 400a. , It is integrated into the combined optical signal Sigma1 by the multiplexer BMUX1 and transmitted to the optical path switching submodule 460. In this case, λ5 and λ6 are copied by a 1x3 input beam splitter 462e and split into three, one transmitted east to another optical switching link subsystem and the other west to another optical switching link subsystem. The last one is transmitted south to the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a, 200b at the destination pod P2.

The optical signal transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a in the destination pod P2 to the south is selected by the wavelength selection switch 464n so that the wavelength λ5 passes, and is also copied by the 5x1 output optical combiner 466d into one. It is integrated and then also amplifies the optical power by an optical signal amplifier 468d. The beam splitter SPLT2 copies the composite optical signal SigmaD2, divides it, and transmits it to each optical branch insertion subsystem in the destination pod P2.

As shown in FIG. 9, the optical signal transmitted to the second transmission module 220 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a is received correspondingly by a 2x1 wavelength selection switch (see WSS21 wavelength selection switch in FIG. 2). The 1x1 wavelength selection switch is selected so that the wavelength λ5 passes and is transmitted to the demultiplexer 226 or the like, and the wavelength λ5 is the demultiplexer in the second transmission module 220 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a (second in FIG. 2). (See Demultiplexer 226 of Transmission Module 220 in Complete the optical signal transmission up to.

On the other hand, the optical signal transmitted to the east is selected by the wavelength selection switch 464a so that the wavelength λ6 passes through, copied by the 2x1 output optical combiner 466a and integrated into one, and then again by the optical signal amplifier 468a. The optical power is amplified and transmitted as a combined optical signal SigmaE0 to the optical switching link subsystem 400b to the east by the interconnect line 480 between the optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400b.

As shown in FIG. 10B, after the optical signal is transmitted to the optical path switching submodule 460 in the optical switching link subsystem 400b, the optical signal of wavelength λ6 is copied by a 1x2 input beam splitter 462c and split in two, while The optical signal is transmitted south to each optical branch insertion subsystem in the destination pod P2, and the other optical signal is transmitted south to each optical branch insertion subsystem in another pod.

The optical signal transmitted to the destination pod P2 to the south is selected by the 1x1 wavelength selection switch 464g so that the optical signal of wavelength λ6 passes, and is copied by the output optical combiner 466c of 5x1 into one optical signal. Integrated, the optical power is amplified by the optical signal amplifier 468c to form the combined optical signal Sigma1, and the combined optical signal Sigma1 is copied and divided by the beam splitter SPLT1 and transmitted to each optical branch insertion subsystem in the destination pod P2.

The optical signal of the first transmission module 210 transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b is a correspondingly received 1x1 wavelength selection by a 2x1 wavelength selection switch (see WSS11 wavelength selection switch in FIG. 2). The switch selects the optical signal of wavelength λ6 to pass and transmits it to the demultiplexer 216, and the optical signal of wavelength λ6 is of the demultiplexer (see demultiplexer 216 of the first transmission module 210 in FIG. 2). It is transmitted from the sixth drop port to the receiving end of the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module of the input / output port of the top-of-rack switch ToRb of the rack 900b, and completes the optical signal transmission of the rack 900c through the rack 900b.

Also, it should be noted that in addition to the protection paths of the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the second layer network T2, the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e in the same pod P1 in the first layer network T1. In between, and between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2, route protection may be realized by transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 that are independent of each other. If the fiber optic is cut or the fiber optic connector is damaged, the protection path is modified to carry the optical signal to ensure that the system does not interrupt the signal in the entire optical tunnel network due to the fiber optic disconnection. See FIG. 11A for simplification of the description. FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of a protection path design of the pod P1 of the first layer network T1 according to some examples of the contents of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 11A, each pod P1 in the first layer network T1 includes a plurality of independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2, so that if one ring (for example, transmission ring Ring1) is disconnected, the route is protected. Optical signal transmission may be performed by another transmission ring Ring2 to achieve this. Further, since the optical fibers of the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are separated separately, it is very unlikely that two independent optical fibers will be cut at the same time.

In this embodiment, when the optical fiber corresponding to the transmission ring Ring1 of each first transmission module 210 in the pod P1 is cut, the first transmission module 210 of some optical branch insertion subsystems has an optical signal to the west. Can no longer be transmitted to another optical branch insertion subsystem, for example, the first transmission module 210 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a transmits an optical signal west to another optical branch insertion subsystem 200b in the same pod P1. It cannot be transmitted to 200e. In this case, the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e, which cannot transmit an optical signal by the transmission ring Ring1, set the corresponding top-of-black switch ToR and the wavelength selection switch that needs to pass through the path by the software-defined network controller 500. As a result, the optical signal is transmitted east by the second transmission module 220, and the optical signal is transmitted to other optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e by the ring Ring2.

As shown in FIG. 11A, a part of the transmission ring Ring1 between the first transmission module 210a of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a and the first transmission module 210b of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b is cut off. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a attempts to transmit data to the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b in the same pod P1, the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a The data transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b by the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b passes through a normal path (path RT1 in FIG. 3D) in the first transmission module 210a of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the west of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b. It is transmitted to the first transmission module 210b. In the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3D, a software-defined network controller 500 may be used to establish an intra-pod optical tunnel to transmit the data and is optical branched from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. The path RT1 to the insertion subsystem 200b is used and the wavelength λ1 is selected and used. How to establish the route RT1 has already been fully explained in the examples of FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7A and 7B. However, in the embodiment as shown in FIG. 11A, the disconnection situation occurs in the normal path between the first transmission modules 210a and 210b (that is, the path RT1 as shown in FIG. 3D).

In the example shown in FIG. 11A, the first transmission module 210a cannot transmit data to the first transmission module 210b to the west through the normal path. In one alternative scheme, this data may be transmitted east through the second transmission ring Ring2. As shown in FIG. 11A, the data is first uploaded to the second transmission module 220a of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a, transmitted eastward through the second transmission modules 220e, 220d and 220c, and optical branching. The second transmission module 220b of the insertion subsystem 200b is reached. Then, the data is downloaded by the second transmission module 220b to the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b. In this case, it is transmitted from the second transmission module 220a to the east through the second transmission modules 220e, 220d and 220c, and reaches the second transmission module 220b of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b. ) Is considered as a protected route corresponding to the normal route (that is, the route RT1 as shown in FIG. 3D).

The embodiment of FIG. 11A exhibits a situation of disconnection at the first transmission ring Ring1. The present disclosure is not limited to this. In another embodiment, if disconnection occurs in the second transmission ring Ring2 (not shown), an alternative path can be established in the first transmission ring Ring1 to transmit the data.

Further, when the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are actually disconnected at the same time, if the disconnection position meets a specific condition, the software-defined network controller 500 renews the wavelength selection switches WSS11, WSS12, of each optical branch insertion subsystem in the pod. By setting each top-of-black switch ToR in WSS21, WSS22 and pod, all optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e can communicate with each other.

See FIG. 11B. FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of a protection path design of the pod P1 of the first layer network T1 according to some examples of the contents of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11B, the disconnection of the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 occurs at the same connection point (that is, between the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a and 200b), and there is only one connection point in one pod P1. If two transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are disconnected at the same time, the affected optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e need to pass through the top-of-black switch ToR and the path again by the software-defined network controller 500. By configuring the switch, the affected optical branch insertion subsystem can be interconnected with other optical branch insertion subsystems 200a-200e. Taking the optical branch insertion subsystems 200a and 200b as an example, when the transmission ring Ring1 is disconnected, the software-defined network controller 500 needs to pass through the top-of-black switch ToR and the path with respect to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. A wavelength selection switch may be set so that the optical signal selects the wavelength of the second transmission module 220a and transmits the optical signal to the east through the transmission ring Ring 2 to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b. On the other hand, for the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b, the software-defined network controller 500 may set a top-of-rack switch ToR and a wavelength selection switch that needs to pass through the path, whereby the optical signal is transmitted by the first transmission module. The wavelength of 210b is selected and the optical signal is transmitted to the west by the transmission ring Ring1 to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a, and so on.

As shown in FIG. 11B, in addition to disconnecting between the first transmission module 210a of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a and the first transmission module 210b of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b (already in the embodiment of FIG. 11A). Another disconnection also occurs between the second transmission module 220a of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a and the second transmission module 220b of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b.

In the normal case (unless disconnection occurs), if the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b attempts to transmit data to the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a in the same pod P1, the optical branch insertion subsystem The data sent to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a by the 200b passes through the normal path in the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b and is transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the east, and the normal path is transmitted from the second transmission module 220b to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. It reaches the second transmission module 220a directly east along the second transmission ring Ring2. However, as shown in FIG. 11B, disconnection also occurs in the normal path from the second transmission module 220b to the second transmission module 220a east along the second transmission ring Ring2.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 11B, data cannot be transmitted directly east from the second transmission module 220b to the second transmission module 220a along the second transmission ring Ring2 due to disconnection. In one alternative scheme, this data may be transmitted west through the first transmission ring Ring1. As shown in FIG. 11B, the data is first uploaded to the first transmission module 210b of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b, transmitted westward through the first transmission modules 210c, 210d and 210e, and optical branching. The first transmission module 210a of the insertion subsystem 200a is reached. Then, the data is downloaded by the first transmission module 210a to the unit corresponding to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. In this case, it is transmitted from the first transmission module 210b of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b to the west through the first transmission modules 210c, 210d and 210e, and is transmitted so as to pass through the first transmission module 210c, 210d and 210e of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. (Reaching the transmission module 210a) corresponds to a normal path (that is, transmitted directly east from the second transmission module 220b to the second transmission module 220a along the second transmission ring Ring2). Be considered.

The embodiment of FIG. 11B exhibits a situation in which disconnection occurs in a part of the lines of the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2. In another embodiment, if the disconnection occurs in the second transmission ring Ring2, an alternative route can be established in the first transmission ring Ring1 to transmit the data. Similarly, when disconnection occurs in the first transmission ring Ring 1, an alternative route can be established in the second transmission ring Ring 2 to transmit data.

That is, when the optical path from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b in the transmission ring Ring1 is cut off, the SDN controller 500 needs to pass through the top-of-black switch ToR and the path correspondingly. It may be used to provide a wavelength selection switch, and the second transmission modules 220a-220e establish an optical tunnel from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b at the transmission ring Ring2. In some embodiments, the software-defined network controller 500 responds to the top-of-rack switch ToR when the optical path from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a at the transmission ring Ring 2 is disconnected. And may be used to provide a wavelength selection switch that needs to pass through the path, from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200b to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a at the transmission ring Ring1 by the first transmission modules 210a-210e. Establish an optical tunnel.

See FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a protection path design between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 according to some examples of the present disclosure contents. As described in the previous paragraph, each optical branch insertion subsystem 200a-200e is connected by optical fiber to two adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e in the second layer network T2. As an example, the first transmission module 210c and the second transmission module 220c of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c each have a pair of optical fibers connected to two adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400a, 400e, respectively. Therefore, when the optical fiber connected to the optical switching link subsystem 400a of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c is cut, the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c transfers the optical signal to another optical switching link subsystem 400e by another optical path. After transmission, it is also transmitted to the destination optical switching link subsystem 400a to achieve the purpose of protecting another path.

Taking FIG. 12 as an example, the rack 900c in the pod P1 of this example attempts to transmit an optical signal to the rack 900a in another pod P2, which is the same as in the embodiment of FIG. In the normal case (see FIG. 9), the normal path for transmitting data from the rack 900c of the pod P1 to the rack 900a of the pod P2 is the optical switching link up from the first transmission module of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c. It reaches the subsystem 400a and then reaches the first transmission module of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. In FIG. 12, it is assumed that the optical fiber connected to one optical switching link subsystem 400a of the first transmission module 210c of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c is disconnected. In this case, the data cannot be transmitted from the rack 900c of the pod P1 to the rack 900a of the pod P2 by the normal route as shown in FIG. 9, and the protection route is established correspondingly at this time. After changing the setting selection of the top-of-black switch ToRc by the software-defined network controller to transmit the wavelength transmission optical signal of the second transmission module 220c to another optical switching link subsystem 400e, and then the destination again. Is transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. As shown in path RP3 in the drawings, in some cases the optical signal is first transmitted from the optical switching link subsystem 400e to another optical switching link subsystem 400a and then by the optical switching link subsystem 400a to the destination. It is transmitted to the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a. The specific end-to-end transmission details have been discussed in detail in the previous paragraph and will not be discussed here.

That is, when the optical path from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c to the optical switching link subsystem 400a is disconnected, the software-defined network controller 500 is provided with a top-of-black switch ToRc correspondingly from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c. It may be further used to establish an optical tunnel (eg, path RP3) up to the optical switching link subsystem 400e. Similarly, the software-defined network controller 500 is provided with a top-of-rack switch ToRc to respond when the optical path from the optical branch insertion subsystem 200c to the optical switching link subsystem 400e is disconnected. It may be used to establish an optical tunnel from 200c to the optical switching link subsystem 400a.

Thus, the optical fiber inside the first layer network T1 is cut, the optical fiber inside the second layer network T2 is cut, or the vertical transmission optical fiber between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 is cut. Regardless of disconnection, any of the wisdom-defined optical fiber network system 100 establishes an optical tunnel by a spare path, realizes signal transmission between each optical node, and data transmission between different servers in different racks. Can be achieved.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the wavelength selection switches is realized by an array design consisting of one or more 1x1 (1 in 1 out) wavelength blockers (WB). The wavelength blocker may employ Digital light processor (DLP) technology to increase the switching speed. In some embodiments, the array switching time requires only about 100 microseconds (microseconds), thus providing a faster, real-time all-optical data center network switching function.

In short, each embodiment of the present invention presents a new network infrastructure that allows the same wavelength to be reused in the Wisdom-Defined Optical Tunnel Network System 100 to conserve wavelength resources. In addition, by adopting a ring-shaped infrastructure design for the first layer network T1, the number of optical nodes in a single pod can be arbitrarily increased without replacing the internal infrastructure, and the number of transmission rings inside the same pod. Can be increased. It has excellent scalability and can achieve more flexible incremental infrastructure construction. As an example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first layer network T1 includes four pods P1 to P4, but the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the entire system exchanges information between more racks. If it needs to be accommodated, it is possible to increase the number of pods, for example, a new fifth pod, and even a sixth pod, without changing the overall network infrastructure, and so on. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the number of optical nodes included in the pod P1 is 5, for example, 5 optical branch insertion subsystems 200a to 200e, but the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the whole is not limited to this. If the system needs to accommodate the exchange of information between more racks, one or more optical nodes may be added to the partial pods (or all pods) without changing the overall network infrastructure. As an example, if expansion is needed, pod P1 may contain one more new optical node, both containing 6 optical nodes, while pods P2-P4 are maintained to contain 5 optical nodes. be able to. If new expansion is required, new optical nodes may be added to other pods (eg, pod P2). The same applies to the following, so incremental infrastructure construction will be realized.

On the other hand, the optical exchange line in the second layer network T2 is simplified, a protection path is designed while each optical fiber transmits, and the first layer network T1, the second layer network T2, or the first layer network T1 and the first layer are used. Regardless of the disconnection of the optical fiber between the two-layer network T2, any of the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network systems 100 can transmit an optical signal by a protection path.

In this way, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 with low latency, high frequency bandwidth, and low power consumption can be realized, reliability, expandability, wavelength reusability can be improved, and wiring complexity can be reduced. .. Based on the data rate transparency characteristics of the optical transmission system, the optical tunnel network supports optical signals of arbitrary transmission rate within a certain range without changing the optical element design. Can be done. Therefore, when upgrading the system, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 upgrades the wavelength transmission factor from 10 Gbit / s to 100 Gbit / s simply by changing the 10 G DWDM optical transceiver module to the 100 G standard DWDM optical transceiver module. , The flexibility of system transmission rate can be greatly improved, and the upgrade cost of hardware equipment can be significantly saved.

See FIG. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 according to some examples of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 further includes a software-defined network controller (Software-Defined Networking Controller; SDN controller) 500. Operationally, the software-defined network controller 500 transmits commands to an optical switch (eg, optical switching link subsystem 400a, optical branch insertion subsystem 200) and a top-of-black switch ToR.

In some embodiments, the software-defined network controller 500 is a microprocessor, a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and an application specific. Integrated circuits such as integrated circuits (ASICs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field programmable gate arrays (field-programmable gate arrays; FPGAs), logic circuits or computers. Used for data processing.

Structurally, the software-defined network controller 500 includes an optical switching link subsystem, an optical branch insertion subsystem and a top, such as the optical switching link subsystem 400a, optical branch insertion subsystem 200 and top of black switch ToR shown in the drawings. Combined with an oblack switch. For ease of understanding and simplification of description, the coupling relationship between the software-defined network controller 500 and some elements is not shown in FIG. Specifically, the software-defined network controller 500 may be coupled to all optical switching link subsystems, optical branch insertion subsystems and top-of-black switches by Ethernet cable. Further, in the description and drawings of the following examples, for the sake of convenience, the optical switching link subsystem OSIS represents any one optical switching link subsystem that is not specified to be used, and is an optical branch insertion subsystem OADS. Represents any one of the non-specific optical branch insertion subsystems OADS. For example, the optical switching link subsystem OSIS may be any one of the five optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e in FIG. 1. The optical branch insertion subsystem OADS may be any one of the 25 optical branch insertion subsystems 200 in FIG. 1.

See FIG. FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a function of the software-defined network controller 500 according to a part of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14, the software-defined network controller 500 includes an optical tunnel scheduling module (Tunnel Scheduler) 520, a configuration management module (Configuration Manager) 540, a bandwidth utilization monitoring module (Bandwise User Controller) 560, and a topology transformer module (topological transformer module). Includes Topology Transfer 580 and Shared Memory 590. The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 includes a pre-allocation module 522 and a dynamic allocation submodule 524. The setting management module 540 includes an optical node setting submodule (Optical Node CM) 542 and a top-of-black switch setting submodule (ToR Switch CM) 544. The bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 includes a statistical processor (Statistics Handler) 562 and a wavelength utilization processor (Wavelength Usage Handler) 564.

Structurally, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is combined with the configuration management module 540, the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 and the shared database 590. The bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 is combined with the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 and the shared database 590. The topology transformer module 580 is coupled to the shared database 590. In one embodiment, the configuration management module 540 and the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 include executable software logic instructions, wherein the software logic instructions are a processing circuit (eg, processor, control unit or system) in the software-defined network controller 500. It is loaded into a single chip) and executed by the above processing circuit. The processing circuit used to execute the configuration management module 540 is coupled to the optical switching link subsystem OSIS, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS and the top-of-black switch ToR. The processing circuit used to execute the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 is coupled to the top-of-black switch ToR. The configuration management module 540 and the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 may be executed by the same or different processing circuits.

Operationally, the topology transformer module 580 is used to calculate the routing route table (Routing Path Table) T_Rout, the routing route table T_Rout and the topology data from the topology data (Topology data) and store them in the shared database 590. Topology data includes the number and distribution of optical nodes. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 includes at least 30 optical nodes, 5 optical switching link subsystems OSIS and 25 optical branch insertion subsystems OADS, respectively. The routing route table T_Rout includes a plurality of routing routes from any one to any other in the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS. Among them, one routing path is one transmission path of an optical signal in one optical tunnel as shown in the path RP1 in FIG. In other words, the routing route table T_Rout includes all routing routes that can exist between any one optical branch insertion subsystem and all other optical branch insertion subsystems in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100. The routing routing table T_Rout is described in the following paragraphs.

The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 plans and constructs an optical tunnel network according to the routing route table T_Rout, and transmits a control command CC to the setting management module 540 based on the routing route and wavelength information of the optical tunnel in the planned and constructed optical tunnel network. Used for The setting management module 540 is used to output the control signal CS to the optical switch (optical switching link subsystem OSIS, optical branch insertion subsystem OADS) and the top-of-black switch ToR by the control command CC. The bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 receives the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream of the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 from the top of black switch ToR, and calculates the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization by the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream. Used for. If the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization exceeds the preset interval (ie, the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization is too high or too low), the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 transmits the bandwidth load notification Allarm to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520. Used to do. The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is further used to re-plan the optical tunnel network and adjust the control command CC based on the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization and the optical tunnel bandwidth load notification.

The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is also used to store the optical tunnel network data in the shared database 590 and / or to read the optical tunnel network data from the shared database 590. Optical tunnel network data includes multiple optical tunnels. Each of these optical tunnels contains one routing path and one wavelength. In other words, the optical tunnel network data includes the routing path and wavelength used for the optical tunnel in the overall wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100, and the optical tunnel through which the data stream passes. Optical tunnel network data is used to install the optical tunnel through which the data stream passes. Specifically, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 stores the optical tunnel network data in the shared database 590 by the write instruction W_tun. The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 reads the optical tunnel network data from the shared database 590 by the read instruction R_tun. The bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 also stores the data stream statistical data DATA_stat and optical tunnel bandwidth utilization in the shared database 590 and / or reads the data stream statistical data DATA_stat and optical tunnel network data from the shared database 590. Used. Specifically, the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 stores the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream in the shared database 590 by the write instruction W_stat, and writes the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization in the shared database 590 by the write instruction W_use. The bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 reads the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream from the shared database 590 by the read instruction R_stat, and the optical tunnel network data is obtained by the read instruction R_tun.

See FIGS. 15A and 15B for detailed operations on the optical tunnel scheduling module 520. 15A and 15B are block diagrams showing detailed functions of the software-defined network controller 500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 15A, when the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 is initialized, the pre-allocated submodule 522 in the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is used to plan the initial preset optical tunnel network according to the routing routing table T_Rout. .. The planned initial preset optical tunnel network includes multiple optical tunnels. Multiple sets of optical tunnels include multiple sets of routing paths and wavelengths. Then, the pre-allocated submodule 522 transmits the optical node control command CC_opt to the optical node setting submodule 542 by the planned initial preset optical tunnel network, and the optical node setting submodule 542 successfully returns the reply message constructed. Receive a Reply. Then, again, the pre-allocated submodule 522 transmits the top-of-black switch control command CC_ToR to the top-of-black switch setting submodule 544 according to the planned routing path and wavelength of the optical tunnel. Further, after the construction of the optical tunnel is completed, the pre-allocation submodule 522 stores the optical tunnel network data in the shared database 590 by the write instruction W_tun.

See FIG. 16 for an example. FIG. 16 shows between any one optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x) and the other optical branch insertion subsystems OADS (x + 1) to OADS (x + 24) in the optical tunnel network created by the pre-allocated submodule 522. It is a schematic diagram which shows the optical tunnel. In this embodiment, one pod has five optical branch insertion subsystems (eg, pod P1 has OADS (x), OADS (x + 1), OADS (x + 2), OADS (x + 3), OADS (x + 4). Includes). Wisdom Definition The optical tunnel network system 100 both have five pods P1 to P5. Each optical branch insertion subsystem OADS constructs eight optical tunnels with eight different wavelengths and eight corresponding paths, respectively. As shown in FIG. 16, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x) constructs eight optical tunnels with eight wavelengths b1, b2, r3, r4, b5, b6, r7, r8. It should be noted that both the source and destination ends of each optical tunnel use an independent ring network (eg, the first transmission ring Ring 1 or the second transmission ring Ring 2 in FIG. 3A). In this embodiment, for the sake of convenience, only two transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are taken as an example, but the number is not limited thereto. The wavelengths of the first frequency band in the transmission ring Ring1 are all represented by the head of b. For example, the wavelengths of the second frequency band in the transmission ring Ring2, which are b1 to b8, are all represented by the head of r. For example, r1 to r8. Further, in the description contents and drawings of this embodiment, for the sake of convenience, when a certain element number or signal number is used and the digital index of the element number or signal number is not clarified, the element number or signal The number represents any one element or signal that is not specified in the element pod or signal pod to which the number belongs. For example, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x) may be any one of the 25 optical branch insertion subsystems, and OADS (x + 5) may be the first pod east of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADSx. The inside represents an optical branch insertion subsystem that uses the same wavelength as the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x), and the optical branch insertion subsystem in OADS (x + 10) is in the second pod east of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADSx. Represents an optical branch insertion subsystem that uses the same wavelength as the system OADS (x). In this way, in OADS (x + 20), the inside of the fourth (ie, west first) pod east of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x) has the same wavelength as the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). Represents the optical branch insertion subsystem to be used.

For the manner in which the pre-allocated submodule 522 constructs an (intra-pod) optical tunnel within a pod, the same pod (eg, eg, OADS (x)) is distributed with four different wavelengths to the same pod (eg, OADS (x)). It is used to construct an optical tunnel to the other four optical branch insertion subsystems in P1) (eg, OADS (x + 1) to OADS (x + 4)). For example, the wavelength b1 is used for an optical tunnel to the first optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x + 4) west of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x), and the wavelength b2 is the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). Used for the optical tunnel to the second optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x + 3) west of), the wavelength r3 is the first optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x) east of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). Used for the optical tunnel to x + 1), the wavelength r4 is used for the optical tunnel to the second optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x + 2) east of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). The method of constructing an inter-pod optical tunnel for a pre-allocated submodule 522 is to distribute four other different wavelengths to an optical branching insertion subsystem (eg, OADS (x)) for different pods. An optical tunnel is constructed for the other four optical branch insertion subsystems (eg, P2 to P5) (eg, OADS (x + 5), OADS (x + 10), OADS (x + 15), OADS (x + 20)). For example, the wavelength r7 is used for the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x + 5) to the first pod east of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x), and the wavelength r8 is the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). Used in the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x + 10) to the eastern second pod of the wavelength b6, the wavelength b6 is the eastern third (or west second) pod of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). Used in the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x + 15), wavelength b5 is the optical branch insertion subsystem to the east fourth pod (or west first) of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x). Used for system OADS (x + 20). Table 3 summarizes the wavelengths used for the optical tunnels from the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (x) constructed by all pre-allocated submodules 522.

In the embodiment of FIG. 17, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS1 when x is 1 will be described as an example according to the assigned wavelengths of the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 in FIG. 3A. Just as the first transmission module 210 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a in FIG. 3A used the frequency band including the wavelength λ1-λ8, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS1 in FIG. 17 is the first frequency band in the transmission ring Ring1. The wavelengths b1 to b8 are λ1 to λ8. Further, for example, just as the second transmission module 220 of the optical branch insertion subsystem 200a in FIG. 3A used the frequency band including the wavelengths λ9-λ16, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS1 in FIG. 17 is the second transmission ring Ring2. The frequency band wavelengths r1 to r8 of are λ9 to λ16. In other words, as shown in FIG. 17, the wavelengths used in the eight optical tunnels created by the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS1 are assigned to the optical tunnels in the pod, and the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS1 is assigned. λ1, λ2, λ11, λ12 are used to construct optical tunnels to the optical branch insertion subsystems OADS5, OADS4, OADS2 and OADS3. For optical tunnels between pods, the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS1 is assigned to use λ5, λ6, λ15, λ16 to construct optical tunnels to the optical branch insertion subsystems OADS21, OADS16, OADS6 and OADS11. Used for.

With the above optical tunnel arrangement, each optical branch insertion subsystem OADS has one optical tunnel that communicates with any other OADS of the same pod, and communicates with one OADS of any other pod. It has one optical tunnel to be used. For this reason, the technology of the relay optical tunnel (Tunnel Relay) allows the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS, which does not have two directly communicated optical tunnels, to communicate by relaying up to two constructed optical tunnels. Communication pipes can be constructed from all cabinets to all other cabinets. For a specific example, the detailed operation description regarding the setting management module 540 that follows may be referred to. The pre-allocated submodule 522 is executed as detailed in FIG. 18 to build an algorithm for an optical tunnel network. Of particular note is that the way the pre-allocated submodule 522 builds an optical tunnel network is not limited to this algorithm, which allows servers in all cabinets and servers in all other cabinets to build pre-allocated submodules 522. The method of transmitting data directly or by relay through the basic optical tunnel provided is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

In short, a relationship diagram in which the pre-allocated submodule 522 exchanges messages with other major modules is shown in 15A. The pre-allocation submodule 522 sends a control command CC_opt to build an optical tunnel network to the setting management module 540, receives a successfully constructed reply message Repeat, and then changes the flow table (flow table) control command CC_ToR. To the top-of-black switch setting submodule 544. Finally, all the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 settings (eg, optical tunnel network data) are recorded in the shared database 590. Operational Flow of Pre-Assignment Submodule 522 As shown in FIG. 19, S19 first reads the allocation method and / or strategy from the shared database 590, and then uses the allocation method and / or strategy to route and use all optical tunnels. The wavelength is calculated, and finally, the related settings are made for the optical switch (optical switching link subsystem OSIS, optical branch insertion subsystem OADS) and the top oblack switch ToR.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15B, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 in the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 receives the bandwidth load notification database of the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 and shares it with the read instruction R_tun. It is used to read optical tunnel network data from database 590. The dynamic allocation submodule 524 plans the optical tunnel network data expansion again based on the bandwidth load notification Allarm and the optical tunnel network data, and adjusts the optical node control command CC_opt according to the result of the newly planned optical tunnel network data to set the optical node. It is used to transmit to the submodule 542, and the optical node setting submodule 542 successfully returns and receives the constructed reply message Repeat. Then, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 is used to adjust the switch control command CC_ToR according to the newly planned optical tunnel network data and transmit it to the switch submodule 544. Further, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 is used to store the optical tunnel network data replanned by the write instruction W_tun in the shared database 590.

Specifically, the bandwidth load notification Allarm includes an overload notification (overload allarm) and a light load notification (underload allarm). When the bandwidth load notification Algorithm is an overload notification, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 calculates with an optical tunnel allocation algorithm to create a new tunnel creation and / or a split optical tunnel. ) Is used to decide to build. When the bandwidth load notification Alarm is a light load notification, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 is used to integrate the optical tunnel and / or to remove the optical tunnel (tunnel remote).

After the dynamic allocation submodule 524 receives the overload notification message, the optical tunnel allocation algorithm performs an optimization calculation and decides to build a new tunnel creation or existing low utilization light. A tunnel is used to perform a tunnel splitting operation on a data stream in an overloaded optical tunnel to prevent packet loss due to an overflow of the optical tunnel. For specific examples of when and how to transmit the bandwidth load notification Allarm, the detailed operation description of the subsequent frequency utilization monitoring module 560 may be referred to.

As in the example of FIG. 20A, the bandwidth utilization using the optical tunnel of wavelength λ1 and path RP4 is overloaded (for example, 7.5 to 10 Gbps), and the allocation algorithm is the same source end (rack) as path RP4. A new optical tunnel (an optical tunnel using the wavelength λ2 and the path RP5 in FIG. 20B) is constructed between the 900d) and the destination end (rack 900e), and the original wavelength λ1 is set by this newly constructed optical tunnel. Divided into high-load data streams in the optical tunnel used (part of the data passes through path RP4 (eg, 2.5-5 Gbps) at wavelength λ1 and part passes through path RP5 (eg, 5-5) at wavelength λ2. Passing 7.5 Gbps)), this process is called optical tunnel splitting. However, as described above, since the allocation algorithm searches for an existing optical tunnel or divides by a plurality of relay optical tunnels without constructing a new optical tunnel, it is possible that there is no operation for constructing a new optical tunnel. There is sex. That is, the split data stream is integrated into the existing optical tunnel. However, the optical tunnel after integration as a whole does not cause overload.

The detailed operation flow S21 of the processing of the high load tunnel is shown in FIG. Upon receiving the overload notification, it finds the data stream with the highest data flow in the overloaded optical tunnel and the overloaded optical tunnel. The optical tunnel allocation algorithm finds an existing available optical tunnel and guides and divides the data stream into the found optical tunnel. If an existing optical tunnel sufficient for division is not found, a new optical tunnel is constructed and then divided.

On the other hand, when the dynamic allocation submodule 524 receives the light load notification message, it integrates the data stream in the light load optical tunnel with other existing tunnel merging and performs optical tunnel removal (tunnel remote). conduct. As shown in FIG. 22A, the bandwidth usage of two optical tunnels using the original wavelength λ1 and path RP6 and wavelength λ2 and path RP7 between the same source end (rack 900f) and destination end (rack 900g). In a light load (eg 0-2.5 Gbps) situation, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 integrates the data streams in these two optical tunnels into one optical tunnel, and this process is optical tunnel integration. Is called. As an example, two optical tunnels are integrated into an optical tunnel using wavelength λ1 and path RP6 in FIG. 22B, and after the optical tunnels are integrated, optical tunnel removal is performed on the optical tunnel using wavelength λ2 and path RP7. It should be noted that the route RP6 after integration must not cause overload (eg, maintain at 2.5-5 Gbps), otherwise other optical tunnels must be found and integrated. .. Therefore, the allocation algorithm needs to consider the load balance of the entire optical tunnel so as to determine the optical tunnel and the flow arrangement.

The detailed operation flow S23 for processing the low load tunnel is shown in FIG. 23. When the light load notification is received, the load balance of the entire optical tunnel is taken into consideration so that the flow is arranged with the optical tunnel, and then the optical tunnel is integrated and the optical tunnel is removed.

FIG. 24 is an example of an optical tunnel allocation algorithm, which considers system optimization when it is necessary to handle overload and light load situations with a simple sequential method, that is, to build a new optical tunnel. Instead, select the first available path and wavelength and distribute the division or integration of the data stream. For this reason, the allocation algorithm is only the most basic etiquette. According to different goals, the design of the allocation algorithm is different when trying to achieve different goals, such as system maximum throughput, or optical tunnel load optimal balance, or optical tunnel with the fewest changes. In order to realize fast and optimization calculations, machine learning needs to be introduced into the allocation algorithm. The input in the algorithm notifies the location optical tunnel or the location optical tunnel with a light load.

See FIG. 25 for detailed operations on the setting management module 540. FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing detailed functions of the software-defined network controller 500 according to a part of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 25, the optical node setting submodule 542 receives the optical node control command CC_opt of the optical tunnel scheduling module 520, converts it into the wavelength selection switch control signal CS_WSS by the optical node control command CC_opt, and converts the wavelength selection switch control signal CS_WSS. It is used to output CS_WSS to an optical switch (optical switching link subsystem OSIS, optical branch insertion subsystem OADS). Then, the optical node setting submodule 542 receives the reply message Reply that the optical switch (optical switching link subsystem OSIS, optical branch insertion subsystem OADS) has successfully returned / failed to set, and sends the reply message Reply to the optical tunnel scheduling module. Used to return to 520. Further, as shown in FIG. 25, the top-of-black switch setting submodule 544 is used to receive the switch control command CC_ToR of the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 and transmit the switch control signal CS_ToR to the top-of-black switch ToR.

A detailed explanation on how to realize a relay optical tunnel by the switch control command CC_ToR is as follows. One optical tunnel may be directly coupled to two specific optical branch insertion subsystems OADS. The method of relaying optical tunnels is to first pass an optical signal through the optical tunnel of the first book, reach a certain optical branch insertion subsystem OADS, convert it into an electrical signal, and immediately enter the interconnected top oblack switch ToR. It is converted into an optical signal and entered into the second optical tunnel, and finally reaches the destination optical branch insertion subsystem OADS. As shown in FIG. 26, the state of the optical tunnel network at hand is assumed to be two existing optical tunnels, and the two optical tunnels include routes RP8 and RP9, respectively. The path RP8 passes from the top-of-black switch ToR_1 through the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_1, the optical switching link subsystem OSIS and the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_2, and reaches the top-of-black switch ToR_2. The path RP9 passes from the top-of-black switch ToR_2, passes through the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_2 and the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_3, and reaches the top-of-black switch ToR_3. At this time, when the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 decides to construct a transmission channel from the top-of-black switch ToR_1 to the top-of-black switch ToR_3 by the relay optical tunnel, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 determines the top-of-black switch setting submodule 544. The switch control signal CS_ToR is transmitted to the top-of-black switch ToR to set the top-of-black switches ToR_1 and ToR_2. By setting an appropriate flow entry in addition to the top-of-black switches ToR_1 and ToR_1, the packet is made to reach the top-of-black switch ToR_3 from the top-of-black switch ToR_1 through the route RP8 and the route RP9. be able to. Specifically, when the top-of-black switch ToR receives a packet, the packet is transmitted by a flow entry that matches the matching in the flow table. Therefore, the flow entry in the flow table can be changed via the switch control signal CS_ToR to control the packet transmission path. Further explaining, the flow entry mainly consists of a matching field (match field) and an action field (action). The matching field also consists of one or more other fields, such as a source IP such as a Vlan ID, a destination IP, or other fields supported by OpenFlow. The action field mainly consists of an output field, and indicates from which port of the top-of-black switch the packet is sent. Therefore, when trying to construct a transmission channel from the top-of-black switch ToR_1 to the top-of-black switch ToR_1 by the relay optical tunnel (path RP8 and path RP9), first, the top-of-black switch ToR_1 is set, thereby leading the top. Add one new flow entry: {Match [src: IP in ToR_1, Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action [out: port of tunnel 1]} to the oblack switch ToR_1. Then, the top-of-black switch ToR_2 is set, thereby flowing to the top-of-black switch ToR_2. Entry flow entry: {Match [src: IP in ToR_1, Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action [outt: port of tunnel 2] } Is added. Since the top-of-black switch ToR_3 originally has a flow entry flow entry: {Match [Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action [outt: port of server]}, it is not necessary to set it separately. src indicates the source IP address, and Dst indicates the destination IP address. tunnel 1 is an optical tunnel using wavelength λ1 and path RP8, and tunnel 2 is an optical tunnel using wavelength λ2 and path RP9.

Since these flow entries have been added in this way, if the src in the received packet of the top-of-black switch ToR_1 is itself and the Dst is the top-of-black switch ToR_1, then the top-of-black switch ToR_1 is first. Check if there is a flow entry in the flow table that matches the match. If one flow entry {Match [src: IP in ToR_1, Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action [outt: port of tunnel 1]} is found to match the matching, the packet is sent by the action field in the flow entry. Since the optical tunnel has already been constructed by transmitting the port connected by the optical tunnel tunnel 1 using the wavelength λ1 and the path RP8 to the outside, the packet reaches the top-of-black switch ToR_2 through the optical tunnel path RP8. Similarly, when the top-of-black switch ToR_2 examines the flow table and finds a flow entry {Match [src: IP in ToR_1, Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action [outt: port of tunnel 2]} that matches the matching. , The action field packet in the flow entry transmits out from the port connected by the optical tunnel tunnel 2 using wavelength λ2 and path RP9. After the packet reaches the top-of-black switch ToR_3 through the optical tunnel path RP9, when the top-of-black switch ToR_3 discovers that the Dst in the packet is its own IP address, the action field in the flow entry causes the packet to be a corresponding server. Call to the port connected by. As a result, it is not necessary to construct a separate optical tunnel, and the packet can reach the destination end server by the technique of the relay optical tunnel.

See FIG. 27 for detailed operation of the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560. FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing detailed functions of the software-defined network controller 500 according to a part of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 27, the statistical processor 562 in the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 transmits the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream by the request message Request, receives the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream, and data by the statistical data DATA_stat of the data stream. Used to request a top-of-rack switch ToR to calculate the data flow of a stream. Then, the statistical processor 562 is used to store the data flow of the data stream in the shared database 590 by the write instruction W_stat. Also, after the data flow storage of all data streams is complete, the statistical processor 562 is used to trigger the wavelength utilization processor 564 in the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 by the trigger message Trigger, which causes the bandwidth utilization. The monitoring module 560 begins to calculate the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization.

As shown in FIG. 27, the wavelength utilization processor 564 is used to read the data flow of the data stream from the shared database 590 by the read instruction R_stat, and the optical tunnel network data is read by the read instruction R_tun, and the wavelength utilization processor 564 is used to read the data stream. It is used to calculate the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate from the data flow of the above and store the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate in the shared database 590 by the write instruction W_use. The wavelength utilization processor 564 is also used to determine if there are situations where the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization is too high or too low. When the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization is too high or too low, the wavelength utilization processor 564 is used to transmit the bandwidth load notification Allarm to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 by the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization.

See FIG. 28 for how the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 monitors the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization of each optical tunnel in the Wisdom Definition Optical Tunnel Network System 100. As shown in FIG. 28, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 of one data stream (dataflow) includes three parts, each of which is represented by a different dotted line. First, in the first part, the data stream from the cabinet at the source end is transmitted to the top oblack switch ToR_4 at the source end, and the top oblack switch ToR_4 is a flow table according to the source IP address and the destination IP address of the packet in the data stream. Matches with the matching field of all flow entries in. By using the appropriate matching fields, you can be sure that all packets in the same data stream match the same flow entry. If the match is matched, the data stream enters the optical tunnel corresponding to the action field of the flow entry (eg, in FIG. 28, the data stream enters the source-end optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_4 from the output port of the top-of-black switch ToR_4. ) Will be introduced. At the same time that the data stream is introduced, the top-of-black switch ToR_4 may also update the matched bytes in the counter field of the flow entry, that is, the data flow of the data stream, according to the number of packets and the magnitude of the data stream. .. Then, in the second part, the data stream is transmitted from the source-end optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_4 to the destination optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_5 through the optical tunnel. Finally, in the third part, the destination top-of-black switch ToR_5 receives the data stream from the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS_5. The top-of-black switch ToR_5 compares the flow entries and sends a packet of the data stream to the corresponding output port (ie, the destination server) to complete the data stream transmission.

As can be seen from the data stream transmission flow above, all data streams are introduced into the optical tunnel network by comparison to the flow entry of the top oblack switch ToR_4 at the source end. The flow magnitude of the data stream is recorded in the matched bytes in the counter field at the flow entry. An operation on the matched bytes of the counterfield yields the data flow of the flow entry, which can reflect the flow of the data stream transmitted by the flow entry to the optical tunnel. Due to this characteristic, the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 collects and calculates the data flow of all flow entries at each source end top oblack switch and adds the data flows belonging to all flow entries in the same optical tunnel. In this way, the bandwidth utilization of any one of the optical tunnels can be calculated.

In other words, the statistical processor 562 in the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 periodically acquires the statistical data of the OpenFlow data stream from the top-of-black switch ToR and calculates the data flow of the flow entry from the statistical data of the data stream. , Write to the data stream status table (Flow_Status Table) of the shared database 590. After the data flow recording of all flow entries is complete, the wavelength utilization processor 564 begins to statistics the bandwidth utilization of the optical tunnel. The optical tunnel data stream table (Flows_in_Tunnel Table) shows which flow entry the wavelength utilization processor 564 has in each optical tunnel. Then, by adding the data flow of the flow entry in the optical tunnel from the data stream state table, the wavelength utilization rate of the tunnel can be calculated. After completing the calculation and recording of the bandwidth utilization of all optical tunnels, the wavelength utilization processor 564 checks the usage status of each tunnel one by one. When it is discovered that a tunnel has a flow overload or light load situation and the situation has already continued for a certain period of time, a warning notification is sent to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520.

In this way, if the bandwidth utilization of the optical tunnel is too high, the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 sends an overload notification bandwidth load notification alarm to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 to create a new optical tunnel and /. Or build a split light tunnel. Conversely, if the bandwidth utilization of the optical tunnel is too low, the bandwidth utilization monitoring module 560 sends a bandwidth load notification alarm of the light load notification to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 to integrate the optical tunnel and / or Remove the optical tunnel.

In some embodiments, the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 can support gradual deployment, so that the number and / or distribution of optical nodes varies depending on the number of different cabinets (eg, optical switching link subsystem, optical branching). The number of insertion subsystems may be different). Therefore, the routing route to and from the optical node is also different. The topology transformer module 580 is used to calculate the routing route table T_Rout from the topology data input from the outside world (for example, input from the user), and store the routing route table T_Rout and the topology data in the shared database 590. Specifically, the topology data includes the number of optical nodes and the coupling of optical nodes. The routing route table T_Rout includes all routing routes that can exist between any one optical branch insertion subsystem and all other optical branch insertion subsystems in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100.

The routing route table T_Rout may be further divided into a routing route table in the pod (Intra-Pod Routing Path Table) and a routing route table between pods (Inter-Pod Routing Path Table). Table 4 shows the contents of the routing route table in the pod. In Table 4, there are two types of routing routes, a first type routing route created by the first transmission ring Ring 1 and a second type routing route created by the second transmission ring Ring 2, respectively. In addition, the function of the routing path function in Table 4 is in the corresponding pod of the first type after the numbers of the input source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS and the destination optical branch insertion subsystem OADS are matched. And the routing route in the corresponding pod of the second kind are calculated. In the routing route function, (SP, SR) indicates which source cabinet (source rack, SR) in which source pod (source Pod, SP) the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS belongs, and (DP, DR) indicates. Indicates which destination optical branch insertion subsystem OADS belongs to which destination cabinet (destination rack, DR) in which destination pod (destination pod, DP). Specifically, FIG. 29 is a detailed content regarding the routing route function in the first type pod. This algorithm uses the source pod SP, source cabinet SR, target pod DP, target cabinet DR, routing path type and topology information recorded in the system entered by the user to create an optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR). Starting from the first transmission ring Ring 1, the routing path of the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR) can be reached. Among them, the Function output both have two fields: OADS_Sender and OADS_Rcve. OADS_Sender represents the index (index) of the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS and which transmission module (210 or 220) it is. OADS_Rcve represents the index of the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS and which transmission module (210 or 220) it is. From the function output, it is possible to find out which optical node this routing path passes through and which corresponding optical element needs to be set. The method for the second transmission ring Ring2 is similar.

As an example, as shown in FIG. 30, since the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR) are in the same pod, there is a routing route between them. It belongs to the routing route in the pod. When the system is constructed to construct a first-class routing path between the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR), the source optical branch insertion Source pod SP in subsystem OADS (SP, SR), source cabinet SR, target pod DP in target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR), target cabinet DR are input, and the first type of routing route in Table 4 is used. The function Intra_Pod_Rpath_Type_1 (SP, SR, DP, DR) is called and calculated. According to the algorithm of FIG. 29, it is obtained that the function output is OADS_Sender: (Ring_1, SP, SR) and OADS_Rcver: (Ring_1, DP, DR). As can be seen from this, the routing route found by the routing route function starts from the transmission module 210a in the optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and is along the first transmission ring Ring1 along with OADS (DP, DR). ) Reach the transmission module 210b. By setting all the optical elements along the routing route, the system can construct the routing route as shown in FIG.

Table 5 is an inter-pod routing route table (Inter-Pod Routing Path Table), and there are four types of routing routes between pods recorded in the table, which are Type 11, Type 12, Type 21, and Type 22, respectively. Type 11 is a routing path that goes up from the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS by the first transmission ring Ring1 to the optical switching link subsystem OSIS of the second layer, and goes down to the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS by the first transmission ring Ring1. be. Type 12 correspondingly goes up from the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS to the second layer optical switching link subsystem OSIS by the first transmission ring Ring1 and down to the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS by the second transmission ring Ring2. It is a routing route. Type 21 and Type 22 can be inferred according to the above rules. The usage method of the routing route function (inter-Pod routing path function) between pods and the usage method of the routing route function in the pod are the same, and the system is the source pod SP, source cabinet SR, target pod DP, target cabinet DR. And, the routing route can be calculated dynamically only by inputting the type of the routing route. FIG. 31 takes the routing route function algorithm of Type 11 as an example, and this algorithm is the source pod SP, the source cabinet SR, and the target optical branch insertion subsystem in the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) input by the user. Source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP) based on the objective pod DP in OADS (DP, DR), objective cabinet DR, routing path type (Type 11, Type 12, Type 21, or Type 22) and topology information in the system. , SR) transmission module 210 descends to the source optical switching link subsystem OSIS (source OSIS) and is connected by the transmission module 210 of the objective optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR) in the shortest path. Find the routing path that reaches the system OSIS (destination OSIS) and descends from the target optical switching link subsystem OSIS to the pods of the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR). Among them, the function output both have four fields such as OADS_Sender, OSIS_EW, OSIS_South, and OADS_Rcver. OADS_Sender represents the index of the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS and which transmission module (210 or 220) it belongs to. OSIS_EW represents the index of the source optical switching link subsystem OSIS and the routing direction of the second layer (east or west). OSIS_South represents the index of the target optical switching link subsystem OSIS and which transmission module it belongs to. OADS_Rcver represents the index of the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS and which transmission module it belongs to. The function output allows us to find out which optical node this routing path passes through and which corresponding optical element needs to be configured.

As shown in the example of FIG. 32, the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR) are in different pods, so that the routing path between them is It belongs to the routing route between pods. If the system decides to build a Type 11 routing path between the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR), the source optical branch insertion subsystem Source pod SP in OADS (SP, SR), source cabinet SR, target pod DP in target optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (DP, DR), target cabinet DR as input parameters Type 11 routing route function Inter_Pod_Rpath_Type_11 (SP, SR) , DP, DR) is called and calculated. According to the algorithm of FIG. 31, the parameters of the function output are OADS_Sender: (Ring_1, SP, SR), OSIS_EW: (To_East, SP), OSIS_Sout: (Ring_1, DP), OADS_Rcver: (Ring_1, DP, DR). can get. Therefore, the routing route found by the routing route function starts from the transmission module 210c in the source optical branch insertion subsystem OADS (SP, SR) as follows, and is formed on the second layer along the first transmission ring Ring1. Go up to the source optical switching link subsystem OSIS (SP) and reach the target optical switching link subsystem OSIS (DP), and from the target optical switching link subsystem OSIS (DP) along the first transmission ring Ring1. It goes down to the transmission module 210d in the switching link subsystem OADS (DP, DR). When all the optical elements are set to follow the routing path, the system can construct the routing path as shown in FIG.

In this way, the topology transformer module 580 calculates the routing route table T_Rout from the topology data and stores the routing route table T_Rout in the shared database 590, so that the routing route table T_Rout follows the architecture of the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100. It can be ensured that it changes.

In short, the software-defined network controller 500 submitted to each embodiment of the present invention has a network topology structure, a wavelength allocation status, a network routing allocation status, a wavelength bandwidth usage status, and a wavelength bandwidth usage status in the wisdom-defined optical tunnel network system 100 in real time. Optimal optical tunnel placement and data stream guidance are provided by continuously monitoring network environment conditions, including data stream flow, and by designed smart algorithms. The software-defined network controller 500 determines the optimum route routing and wavelength selection switch settings for rapid operation on the condition that routing and wavelength collisions are avoided, achieves the highest throughput of the system, and further reduces the transmission delay of the data stream. Minimize.

Although the content of the present disclosure has been disclosed as described above according to the embodiment, this does not limit the content of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications as long as they do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the content of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the contents of this disclosure shall be based on the contents specified in the claims below.

100 Wisdom Definition Optical Tunnel Network System 200, 200a-200e, OADS, OADS (x), OADS (x + 1), OADS (x + 2), OADS (x + 3), OADS (x + 4), OADS (x + 5), OADS (x + 10), OADS (x + 15), OADS (x + 20), OADS1 to OADS5, OADS6, OADS11, OADS16, OADS21, OADS_1, OADS_2, OADS_3, OADS_4, OADS_5, OADS (SP, SR), OADS (DP, DR) Branch insertion subsystem 210, 210a-210e First transmission module 220, 220a-220e Second transmission module 211 First vertical port 221 Second vertical port 212, 222, BMUX1, BMUX2 multiplexer 214, 224 Switching submodule 216, 226 Demultiplexers 400a-400e Optical Switching Link Subsystem 410 Microcontroller 420 Reception Submodule 440 Output Submodule 460 Optical Path Switching Submodule 480 Interconnect Line Modules SP11, SP12, SP21, SP22, SPLT1, SPLT2 Beam Splitters 481-486 Interconnect Beam Splitter 462a-462f Input Beam Splitter 464 Wavelength Selector Switch Array 466a-466d Output Optical Combiner 468a-468d, EDFA1, EDFA2 Optical Signal Amplifier 490 Failover Submodule 491, 493, 495, 497 Spectrometer Detectors 492, 494, 494 4,98 Optical Switch 500 Software Definition Network Controller 520 Optical Tunnel Scheduling Module 522 Preallocation Submodule 524 Dynamic Allocation Submodule 540 Configuration Management Module 542 Optical Node Configuration Submodule 544 Topo Black Switch Configuration Submodule 560 Bandwidth Utilization Monitoring Module 562 Statistical processor 564 Wavelength processor 580 Topology transformer module 590 Shared database 800 Judgment method S810 to S840, S841 to S845 Process 900a, 900b, 900c Rack P1 to P5 Pod T1, T2 Network TOR, TORa, TORb, TORc, ToR_1 , ToR_2, ToR_3, ToR_4, ToR_5 Top-of-black switch R2 Ring-shaped mesh structure Ring1 First transmission ring Ring2 Second transmission ring FW System firmware WSS11 First wavelength selection switch WSS12 Second wavelength selection switch WSS21 Third Wavelength selection switch WSS22 Fourth wavelength selection switch 464a to 464n Wavelength selection switch NLW0 to NLW2, NLE0 to NLE2, PLW0 to PLW2, PLE0 to PLE2 Line RT1, RT2, RTa, RTb, RTc, RP1, RP2, RP3, RP4, RP5, RP6, RP7, RP8, RP9 Path In1, In2 Upload ends E1 to E6, W7 to W12 Output ends E7 to E12, W1 to W6 Input ends ITR1 to ITR4 Interruption pin TS1, TS2 Trigger signal NS1, NS2 Abnormality notification signal SS Selection signals CS, CS_WSS, CS_ToR Control signals λ1 to λ40, b1, b2, r3, r4, b5, b6, r7, r8 Wavelengths UL1 to UL8 First upload optical signals UL9 to UL16 Second upload optical signals DL1 to DL16 Download optical signal Sigma11 1st synthetic optical signal Sigma21 2nd synthetic optical signal Sigma12, Sigma22, Sigma1, Sigma2 Synthetic optical signal SigmaD1, Sigma2, SigE0 to Sigma2 Synthetic optical signal SigmaW0 to Sigma2 Synthetic optical signal TSh1 1st horizontal transmission light Signal TSh2 Second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3 Third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d Fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5 Fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh6 Sixth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7 Seventh horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7d Eighth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1'Amplified first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5' Amplified fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSd1 First downlink optical signal TSd2 Second downlink optical signal TSd2a to TSd2e 2nd downlink transmission optical signal TSd3 3rd downlink transmission optical signal TSd4 4th downlink transmission optical signal TSd4a to TSd4e 4th downlink transmission optical signal TS1 1st uplink transmission optical signal TSu1a to TSu1e 1st uplink transmission optical signal Signal Tu2 Second uplink optical signal Tsu3 Third uplink optical signal Tsu3a to Tu3e Third uplink optical signal Tu4 Fourth uplink optical signal SigA, SigB, Sigma C Optical signals H1E, H2E First horizontal transmission Signal H1W , H2W 2nd horizontal transmission signal E1D1, E2D1, W1D1, W2D1 1st downlink transmission signal E1D2, E2D2, W1D2, W2D2 2nd downlink transmission signal U1D2, U2D1 3rd downlink transmission signal T_Rout Routing route table W_tun, W_stat , W_use write command R_tun, R_stat read command DATA_stat Data stream statistical data CC, CC_opt, CC_ToR control command Request request message Request reply message Allarm bandwidth load notification Signal trigger message S19, S21, S23 flow

Claims (7)

A network system control method for controlling a plurality of optical switches and a plurality of top-of-rack switches in order to construct an optical tunnel.
The optical tunnel scheduling module plans an optical tunnel network between the plurality of optical switches and the plurality of top-of-rack switches according to the routing route table, and transmits control commands by the optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network. The optical tunnel network includes a plurality of optical tunnels, each of which includes a routing path and a wavelength, from a top oblack switch at the source end to another top o at the destination end through the optical tunnel. A data stream is transmitted to the black switch, and the top-of-black switch at the source end compares a packet of the data stream with a flow entry of the top-o-black switch at the source end to light the data stream. Introducing into a tunnel network and updating the matched bytes of the counter field in the flow entry according to the number and size of the packets in the data stream.
The setting management module outputs a control signal to the plurality of optical switches and the plurality of top-of-black switches by the control command.
The bandwidth utilization monitoring module receives the statistical data of the data streams of the plurality of data streams of the optical tunnel from the top oblack switch, and the data flow of the data stream of the optical tunnel is based on the statistical data of the data stream. And the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization, and if the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization exceeds the preset interval, a bandwidth load notification is transmitted, wherein the data flow is the counter field in the flow entry. Obtained by calculating the updated matched bytes of, and the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization of the optical tunnel adds the data flow of the flow entry of the top oblack switch at the source end. And that the data flow of the same optical tunnel is added to calculate the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization of the corresponding optical tunnel.
The optical tunnel scheduling module plans the optical tunnel network again by the bandwidth load notification.
Network system control methods, including. The topology transformer module further comprises calculating the routing route table from the topology data and storing the routing route table and the topology data in a shared database, and the topology data includes the number of optical nodes and optical node coupling. The network system control method according to claim 1, wherein the routing route table includes a plurality of routing routes from any one of the optical switches to any other. The pre-allocated submodule of the optical tunnel scheduling module plans the optical tunnel network according to the routing route table.
The pre-allocated submodule transmits the optical node control command and the switch control command to the setting management module by the optical tunnel network data.
The pre-allocated submodule stores the optical tunnel network data in a shared database, wherein the optical tunnel network data includes a plurality of said routing paths and a plurality of the wavelengths of the plurality of optical tunnels. The optical tunnel network data is used to install the optical tunnel through which the data stream passes.
The network system control method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising. When the optical node submodule of the setting management module receives the optical node control command,
The optical node submodule outputs a wavelength selection switch control signal to the plurality of optical switches by the optical node control command.
When the switch submodule of the setting management module receives the switch control command,
The switch submodule converts the switch control command into a switch control signal and outputs it to the top oblack switch.
The network system control method according to claim 3, further comprising. The statistical processor of the bandwidth utilization monitoring module receives the statistical data of the data stream from the top-of-black switch, and calculates the data flow of the data stream from the statistical data of the data stream.
The wavelength utilization processor of the bandwidth utilization monitoring module calculates the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization based on the data flow of the data stream.
The wavelength utilization processor transmits the bandwidth load notification by the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization rate, and
The network system control method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising. When the dynamic allocation submodule of the optical tunnel scheduling module receives the bandwidth load notification,
The dynamic allocation submodule re-plans the optical tunnel network with the bandwidth load notification.
The dynamic allocation submodule adjusts and transmits the optical node control command and the switch control command according to the corresponding optical tunnel network data of the newly planned optical tunnel network.
The dynamic allocation submodule stores the replanned optical tunnel network data in the shared database.
The network system control method according to claim 5, further comprising. A network system controller used to control a plurality of optical switches and a plurality of top-bridge switches so as to form an optical tunnel.
Shared database and
A topology transformer module that is combined with the shared database, calculates a routing route table from topology data, and stores the routing route table in the shared database.
Combined with the shared database, an optical tunnel network including a plurality of optical tunnels is constructed between the plurality of optical switches and the plurality of top-of-rack switches according to the routing route table, and the optical tunnels of the optical tunnel network are constructed. An optical tunnel scheduling module used to transmit control commands by network data, in which a data stream is transmitted from a top-of-rack switch at the source end to another top-o-black switch at the destination end through the optical tunnel. The top-of-black switch at the source end compares a packet of the data stream with a flow entry of the top-o-black switch at the source end to introduce the data stream into the optical tunnel network and the data. An optical tunnel scheduling module that updates the matched bytes of the counter field in the flow entry according to the number and size of the packets in the stream.
A setting management module that is coupled to the optical tunnel scheduling module and used to convert the control command into a control signal and output it to the optical switch and the top oblack switch.
Combined with the shared database and the optical tunnel scheduling module, the top-of-rack switch receives statistical data of data streams of a plurality of data streams of the optical tunnel, and the statistical data of the data stream is used to obtain statistical data of the data stream. A bandwidth utilization monitoring module used to calculate data flow and optical tunnel bandwidth utilization and to transmit an optical tunnel bandwidth load notification to the optical tunnel scheduling module based on the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization. The optical tunnel scheduling module is used to re-plan the optical tunnel network with the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization and the optical tunnel network data, and the data flow is the counter field in the flow entry. Obtained by calculating the updated matched bytes of, and the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization of the optical tunnel adds the data flow of the flow entry of the top oblack switch at the source end. The bandwidth utilization monitoring module, which is acquired by the above, adds the data flows of the same optical tunnel, and calculates the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization of the corresponding optical tunnel.
Including network system controller.

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