TW202002585A - Intelligence- defined optical tunnel network system controller and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An network system control method includes: planning an optical tunnel network according to a routing path table and transmitting a control commend according to an optical tunnel data of the optical tunnel network by a tunnel scheduler, wherein the optical tunnel network includes multiple optical tunnels, and each optical tunnel includes a routing path and a wavelength; outputting a control command to multiple optical switches and multiple top of rack according to the control commend by the configuration manager; receiving a flow statistics of multiple dataflows of optical tunnels from the top of rack and calculating an amount of dataflows and a bandwidth usage rate according to the flow statistics by a bandwidth usage monitor; transmiting a loading alarm to the tunnel scheduler when the bandwidth usage rate is over an preset interval; replanning the optical tunnel network according to the loading alarm.

Description

Intelligently defined optical tunnel network system controller and control method thereof

This case relates to a method for controlling an edge data center network system, and particularly to a method for controlling an optical tunnel network system applied to an edge data center.

Data Center Networks (DCNs) are designed to provide a reliable and efficient network architecture in cloud/edge data centers to support a variety of cloud/edge or enterprise applications and services, such as cloud computing (Cloud computing), edge computing (edge computing), data storage (data storage), data mining (data mining) or social networking (social networking), etc.

In the existing DCNs architecture that uses electrical switches as data exchanges, the transmission rate is still limited by the switching capabilities of the electrical switches. In addition, a large number of photoelectric and electro-optical conversions during the transmission of data cause huge power consumption. The electrical switch itself also needs to do a lot of calculations to determine the packet routing, which not only consumes power, increases transmission delay, and increases the cost of heat dissipation. In addition, when the system architecture of the electrical switch is fixed, it is difficult to upgrade to support more cabinets or high-performance servers. When the system transmission rate is increased, the original electrical switch needs to be replaced, resulting in increased deployment costs.

An aspect of this case is a network system control method, which includes an optical tunnel scheduling module planning an optical tunnel network according to a routing path table and transmitting control commands according to optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network data, wherein the optical tunnel The network includes a plurality of optical tunnels, each of which includes routing paths and wavelengths; the configuration management module outputs control signals to the plurality of optical switches and the plurality of top-mounted switches according to the control commands; the bandwidth utilization monitoring module The top switch receives the data flow statistics of the multiple data flows of the optical tunnel, calculates the data flow data flow and the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization rate according to the data flow statistical data; when the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization rate exceeds the preset interval, the bandwidth load is transmitted Notification; the optical tunnel scheduling module re-plans the optical tunnel network according to the bandwidth load notification.

An aspect of this case is a network system controller for controlling a plurality of optical switches and a plurality of top-mounted switches to build an optical tunnel. The network system controller includes a shared database, a topology conversion module, and an optical tunnel row Process module, setting management module and bandwidth usage monitoring module. The topology conversion module is coupled to the shared database and used to calculate the routing path table based on the topology data and store the routing path table in the shared database. The optical tunnel scheduling module is coupled to the shared database, used to build an optical tunnel network according to the routing path table, and transmits control commands according to the optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network. The configuration management module is coupled to the optical tunnel scheduling module, and is used for converting into control signals according to control commands and outputting them to the optical switch and the set-top switch. The bandwidth usage monitoring module is coupled to the shared database and the optical tunnel scheduling module to receive the data flow statistics from the set-top switch, calculate the data flow data flow and the optical tunnel bandwidth usage according to the data flow statistics, and according to the optical The tunnel bandwidth usage rate sends an optical tunnel bandwidth load notification to the optical tunnel scheduling module. The optical tunnel scheduling module is further used to re-plan the optical tunnel network based on the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate and optical tunnel network data.

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to better understand the appearance of the case, but the embodiments provided are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, and the description of the structural operations is not intended to limit The sequence of execution, and any structure in which the components are recombined to produce devices with equal effects are within the scope of this disclosure. In addition, according to industry standards and common practices, the drawings are only for the purpose of auxiliary description, and are not drawn according to the original size. In fact, the size of various features can be arbitrarily increased or decreased for ease of description. In the following description, the same elements will be described with the same symbols to facilitate understanding.

Terms used throughout the specification and the scope of applying for patents, unless otherwise specified, usually have the ordinary meaning that each term is used in this field, in the content disclosed here, and in special content. Certain terms used to describe this disclosure will be discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide additional guidance to those skilled in the art in the description of this disclosure.

In addition, the words "including", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used in this article are all open terms, meaning "including but not limited to". In addition, "and/or" used in this article includes any one or more of the items listed in the relevant list and all combinations thereof.

In this article, when a component is called "connected" or "coupled", it can be referred to as "electrically connected", "connected with optical fiber", or "coupled". "Connected" or "coupled" can also be used to indicate that two or more components interact or interact with each other. In addition, although terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used in this document to describe different elements, the terms are only used to distinguish elements or operations described in the same technical terms. Unless the context clearly dictates, the term does not specifically refer to or imply order or order, nor is it intended to limit the present invention. In this disclosure document, there are references to text descriptions such as 1x1, 1x2, 1x3, 2x1, 2x2, 5x1, 6x4, and NxM to describe 1 in 1 out, 1 in 2 out, 1 in 3 out, 2 in 1 out, 2 in Number of inputs and outputs for 2 out, 5 in 1 out, 6 in 4 out and N in M out.

Please refer to Figure 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a smart-definition optical tunnel network system 100 according to some embodiments of this case. In some embodiments, the intelligent-defined optical tunnel network system 100 is an intelligent-defined optical tunnel network system (OPTUNS) that can be applied in an edge data center (Edge Data Center) to replace Existing data centers are complex, multi-layer, and power-swappable network systems.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 includes a first layer network T1 and a second layer network T2. The single-layer network T1 and the second-layer network T2 may be connected to each other by single-mode optical fibers. In some embodiments, the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 are optical switching networks, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the first-layer network T1 includes a plurality of groups, such as the groups P1~P4 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the groups P1~P4 are respectively It is a light node group. To facilitate understanding and simplify the description, some groups in the first-layer network T1 are not shown in FIG. 1.

Any one of the groups P1 to P4 in the first-layer network T1 includes a plurality of optical add-drop subsystems (OADS) 200a to 200e as optical nodes. The optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e are respectively used for data transmission through a plurality of Top of Rack (ToR) switches ToRa, ToRb and corresponding servers in a plurality of racks 900a, 900b. As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, each group P1~P4 includes five optical plug extraction systems. For ease of description, only two sets of top-mounted switches ToRa and ToRb and racks 900a and 900b are shown in the schematic diagram.

In practice, the remaining optical plug-out subsystems are also connected to their corresponding servers via corresponding set-top switches for data transmission. In addition, the number of light-plugging sub-systems included in each group P1~P4 can also be adjusted according to actual needs. Figure 1 is only an example and is not intended to limit this case.

Taking the optical plug extraction subsystem 200a as an example, any of the optical plug extraction subsystems in the group P1 includes a first transmission module 210 and a second transmission module 220. The first transmission module 210 is configured to transmit data in the first frequency band. The second transmission module 220 is configured to transmit data in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band. In some embodiments, the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 are optical transmission modules, the first frequency band is a wavelength band within a specific wavelength range, and the second frequency band is within another specific wavelength range Another wavelength band. As shown in FIG. 1, in the same group P1, the first transmission module 210 in any one of the optical plug fetching subsystems (eg, optical plug fetching subsystem 200a) and the adjacent optical plug fetching subsystem ( For example, the first transmission modules 210 in the optical plug extraction subsystem 200b) are connected to each other to form a first transmission ring. Similarly, the second transmission module 220 in any of the optical plug extraction subsystems (such as: optical plug extraction subsystem 200a) and the adjacent optical plug extraction subsystems (such as: optical plug extraction subsystem 200b) The second transmission modules 220 are connected to each other to form a second transmission ring. In some embodiments, the first transmission modules 210 in the first transmission ring may be connected to each other through optical fibers, and the second transmission modules 220 in the second transmission ring may be connected to each other through optical fibers.

It is worth noting that in some embodiments, the first frequency bands configured by the first transmission modules 210 in the optical pickup subsystems 200a to 200e of the same group P1 are different from each other. Each optical pickup subsystem 200a The second frequency bands configured by the second transmission module 220 in ~200e are also different from each other. The detailed modules, frequency band configuration and specific operations of the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200e will be explained in the subsequent paragraphs with corresponding drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the second-layer network T2 includes a plurality of optical switch interconnect subsystems (OSIS) 400a-400e as optical nodes. Structurally, any two of the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e transmit corresponding horizontal transmission optical signals through the corresponding first lines to achieve communication between the various optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e. In other words, the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are interconnected with optical fibers in a mesh network-like structure, so that the optical fiber network between any pair of optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e and any The optical fiber network between the other pair of optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e operates independently of each other. In some embodiments, the optical fiber network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e may be implemented by ribbon fiber. Therefore, the connection between the optical switching connection subsystems 400a to 400e also looks like a ring grid structure R2 in appearance.

The optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are respectively used to receive optical signals from the optical add-drop subsystem (OADS) in the first layer network T1, and perform routing switching and optical wavelength switching to download Go to another optical plug-in subsystem in the first-layer network T1.

The software-defined network controller (Software-Defined Networking Controller, SDN controller) 500 is used to output corresponding control signals to each set-top switch ToRa, ToRb, optical plug taking subsystem 200a~200e, optical switching link subsystem 400a~ 400e to establish the optical tunnel network and schedule the optical tunnel. In this way, optical signals can be used between each server to realize data transmission in the system through the optical fiber network in the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2.

It is worth noting that the number of optical switching link subsystems and optical plug fetching subsystems shown in FIG. 1 is only an example, and is not intended to limit this case. In different embodiments, the number of optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e and optical plug-out subsystems 200a-200e in the optical tunnel network system 100 can be defined to gradually increase and/or decrease according to actual needs, and Maintain the normal operation of the network system 100. Therefore, the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 has a high deployment flexibility.

In this way, in the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100, by selecting specific optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e and optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e and the wavelength combination of optical signals, a cabinet-to-cabinet connection can be established Optical tunnels for data exchange (ie: optical path plus optical wavelength combination) to achieve ultra-low latency for data transmission.

In addition, in some embodiments, the DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing, DWDM) technology can be used in the intelligently-defined optical tunnel network system 100 to utilize the DWDM transceiver to enable multiple optical The wavelength can simultaneously transmit data in the smart-definition optical tunnel network system 100, but the smart-definition optical tunnel network system 100 in this disclosure is not limited to the density division multiplexing optical technology, and the smart-definition optical tunnel network system 100 also Other wavelength division multiplexing (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, WDM) or other equivalent multiplexing optical transmission technologies can be used. In this way, the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 can achieve low latency, high frequency bandwidth, and low energy consumption, and has better performance than the electrical switching network system used in the existing traditional data center.

For ease of explanation, the following paragraphs will focus on the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e and their network architecture design in the first layer network T1, and the optical switching link subsystem 400a~ in the second layer network T2. 400e and its network architecture design, interconnection architecture design between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2, the protection path design of the first layer network T1, and the protection path of the second layer network T2 The design is explained in sequence with related drawings.

Please refer to Figure 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200 according to some embodiments of the present case. The optical plugging subsystem 200 is a core switching node that constructs a data transmission optical tunnel between cabinets of the first layer network T1. As shown in FIG. 2, the optical plug extraction subsystem 200 includes two or more independent transmission modules, such as a first transmission module 210 and a second transmission module 220. The first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 sequentially use different wavelength bands. In some embodiments, the wavelength bands used by the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 are adjacent to each other. Specifically, the wavelength band is a specific combination of a plurality of wavelengths arranged according to its frequency (ie, frequency=speed of light/wavelength) from small to large.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first and second transmission modules 210 and 220 respectively include multiplexers 212 and 222 as input sub-modules. In addition, the first and second transmission modules 210 and 220 respectively include switching sub-modules Groups 214 and 224 and demultiplexers 216 and 226 serve as output submodules. Specifically, the switching submodule 214 in the first transmission module 210 includes a first optical splitter SP11, a second optical splitter SP12, an optical signal amplifier EFDA1, a first wavelength selective switch WSS11, and a second wavelength selective switch WSS12 . Similarly, the switching submodule 224 of the second transmission module 220 also includes a third optical splitter SP21, a fourth optical splitter SP22, an optical signal amplifier EFDA2, a third wavelength selective switch WSS21, and a fourth wavelength selective switch WSS22. The multiplexer 222 of the second transmission module 220 (the function and operation of which can refer to the multiplexer 212 of the first transmission module 210 in the subsequent embodiments) is connected to the corresponding one of the set-top switches TOR to pass the plural The add-in port top-mounted switch TOR receives a plurality of second upload optical signals (UL9~UL16), and merges the second upload optical signals (UL9~UL16) into a second composite optical signal Sig21. The third optical splitter SP21 (the function and operation of which can refer to the first optical splitter SP11 of the switching submodule 214 in the subsequent embodiments) is set on the second transmission ring Ring2 to receive and copy the second synthesized optical signal Sig21 as the first Five horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5 and the third upstream transmission optical signal TSu3, and the fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5 is transmitted through the second transmission ring Ring2, and the third upstream transmission optical signal TSu3 is transmitted to the same through a second longitudinal port 221 The second transmission module 220 of another optical plug fetching subsystem in the group. The optical signal amplifier EFDA2 (the function and operation of which can refer to the optical signal amplifier EFDA1 of the exchange submodule 214 in subsequent embodiments) is disposed on the second transmission ring Ring2 and coupled to the third optical splitter SP21 for amplifying the fifth lateral transmission The optical signal TSh5 outputs the amplified fifth horizontally transmitted optical signal TSh5' to the second transmission module 220 of another optical plug fetching subsystem in the same group. The fourth optical splitter SP22 (the function and operation of which can refer to the second optical splitter SP12 of the switching submodule 214 in the subsequent embodiments) is provided on the second transmission ring Ring2 for receiving and copying from another in the same group The fifth lateral transmission optical signal TSh5' of the second transmission module 220 of the optical plug fetching subsystem is the third downstream transmission optical signal TSd3 and the sixth lateral transmission optical signal TSh6, and transmits the second transmission ring Ring2 The sixth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh6. The third wavelength selective switch WSS21 (the function and operation of which can be referred to the first wavelength selective switch WSS11 of the switching submodule 214 in the subsequent embodiments) is coupled to the second transmission ring Ring2 for receiving the fourth splitter SP22 The third downlink transmission optical signal TSd3 or receives a fourth downlink transmission optical signal TSd4 from the optical switching link subsystem 400e, and selectively outputs the third downlink transmission optical signal TSd3 or the fourth downlink transmission optical signal TSd4. The fourth wavelength selective switch WSS22 (the function and operation of which can refer to the second wavelength selective switch WSS12 of the switching submodule 214 in the subsequent embodiments) is disposed on the second transmission ring Ring2, and is used to receive the sixth lateral transmission light The signal TSh6 also outputs the seventh horizontally transmitted optical signal TSh7 to the third optical splitter SP21. The third optical splitter SP21 is further used to receive and copy the seventh horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7 as the eighth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7d and the fourth upstream transmission optical signal TSu4, and transmit the eighth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7d through the second transmission ring Ring2 , And transmits the fourth upstream transmission optical signal TSu4 to the optical switching link subsystem 400e through the second longitudinal port 221. When the optical path from the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b on the first transmission ring Ring1 is broken, the software-defined network controller 500 sets the top switch ToR and the second transmission module 220 accordingly The three-wavelength selective switch WSS21 and the fourth-wavelength selective switch WSS22 are used to establish an optical tunnel from the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b on the second transmission ring Ring2.

The multiplexer 212 serves as an input submodule of the first transmission module 210. Similarly, the multiplexer 222 serves as the input submodule of the second transmission module 220. Structurally, the multiplexers 212 and 222 are respectively connected to one of the set-top switches corresponding to the optical pick-up subsystem 200 (ie, the set-top switch ToR), and the multiplexers 212 and 222 have a plurality of add ports (add -port) is used to receive a plurality of first upload optical signals UL1~UL8, second upload optical signals UL9~UL16, and upload first upload optical signals UL1~UL8, second upload optical signals UL9~UL16 Merged into a first combined optical signal Sig11 and a second combined optical signal Sig21.

Specifically, the add-ports of the multiplexers 212 and 222 are connected to the ToR access ports of the top-mounted switch in the cabinet by optical fibers to different wavelengths of the wavelength band of the multiplexed optical transceiver module (DWDM transceiver) ) Of the transmitting end. In some embodiments, the wavelength signals that can be received by each of the multiplexers 212, 222 can be fixed, and one of the multiplex ports can receive one wavelength signal.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first uploaded optical signals UL1 to UL8 respectively have a plurality of wavelengths λ1 to λ8 in the first frequency band. Similarly, the second upload optical signals UL9~UL16 respectively have a plurality of wavelengths λ9~λ16 in the second frequency band. In this way, the multiplexers 212 and 222 can receive the light of the wavelength bands (ie, wavelengths λ1~λ8 and wavelengths λ9~λ16) configured by the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 from the set-top switch ToR. Signals, and integrate different optical wavelength signals into one optical fiber, and transmit them with the first combined optical signal Sig11 and the second combined optical signal Sig21.

The switching submodule 214 of the first transmission module 210 includes a first optical splitter SP11, an optical signal amplifier EDFA1, a second optical splitter SP12, a first wavelength selective switch (Wavelength Selective Switch, WSS) WSS11, and a second wavelength selective switch器 WSS12. Similarly, the switching submodule 224 of the second transmission module 220 also includes a third optical splitter SP21, an optical signal amplifier EDFA2, a fourth optical splitter SP22, a third wavelength selective switch WSS21, and a fourth wavelength selective switch WSS22.

The main function of the switching submodules 214 and 224 is to allow the first synthesized optical signal Sig11 and the second synthesized optical signal Sig21 transmitted from the input submodules (ie, multiplexers 212 and 222) to be uploaded to the second layer network The optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400e in the path are transmitted to the other optical plug and pick-up subsystems 200 in the same group from the east or the west, and from the optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400e or other in the same group The optical signal transmitted from the optical plug fetching subsystem 200 is exchanged to the receiving sub-modules 216 and 226. For example, the switching sub-modules 214 and 224 of the optical pick-up subsystem 200a in the group P1 in FIG. 1 can be transmitted to the other four optical pick-up subsystems 200 in the same group P1. In addition, the optical pick-up subsystem in group P2 in Figure 1 can transmit/receive the optical signals of the other four optical pick-up subsystems in group P2. For the same reason, any group in Figure 1 The optical pick-up subsystem in the group can transmit/receive the optical signals of the other four optical pick-up subsystems in the same group.

For ease of description, in the following paragraphs, the operation of each component will be described using the first transmission module 210 as an example. The internal components and operations of the second transmission module 220 are similar to those of the first transmission module 210, so they will not be repeated here.

As shown in FIG. 2, in structure, the first optical splitter SP11 is disposed on the first transmission ring Ring1 for receiving and copying the first synthesized optical signal Sig11 as the first laterally transmitted optical signal TSh1 and the first upstream transmitted light The signal TSu1 transmits the first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1 through the first transmission ring Ring1, and transmits the first upstream transmission optical signal TSU1 through the first longitudinal port 211 to the optical switching link subsystem 400a.

In some embodiments, the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 may be implemented by an Erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The optical signal amplifier EDFA1 is disposed on the first transmission ring Ring1 and is coupled to the first optical splitter SP11, which is used to amplify the first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1 and output the amplified first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1' to the same group The other optical plugs in the optical pickup subsystem 200 take the first transmission module 210. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 can amplify the power of the optical signal transmitted westward to ensure that it has enough power to transmit to the destination, but this disclosure does not The transmission direction is limited. In actual applications, the transmission direction can be adjusted according to the network configuration.

As shown in FIG. 2, in structure, the second optical splitter SP12 is set on the first transmission ring Ring1 to receive and transmit the first transmission from other optical plugs in the same optical node group to the subsystem 200 The first lateral transmission optical signal TSh1' of the module 210 is copied into the first downstream transmission optical signal TSd1 and the second lateral transmission optical signal TSh2, and the second lateral transmission optical signal TSh2 is transmitted through the first transmission ring Ring1.

The first wavelength selective switch WSS11 is coupled to the first transmission ring Ring1 for receiving the first downstream transmission optical signal TSd1 from the second optical splitter SP12 or receiving the second downstream transmission optical signal TSd2 from the optical switching link subsystem 400a. And selectively output the first downstream transmission optical signal TSd1 or the second downstream transmission optical signal TSd2 as the synthesized optical signal Sig12 to the demultiplexer 216.

Specifically, the first wavelength selective switch WSS11 is a 2x1 (2 in 1 out) wavelength selective switch, which is used to select a specific optical wavelength signal to output the corresponding optical signal to the demultiplexer 216. In some embodiments, the 2x1 wavelength selective switch may include two 1x1 wavelength selective switches plus a 2x1 combiner (Combiner) to realize the two channels through the two 1x1 ( 1 in 1 out) wavelength selection switch to filter the optical signal for integration, and output the integrated synthesized optical signal Sig12 to the demultiplexer 216 of the receiving sub-module.

The second wavelength selective switch WSS12 is disposed on the first transmission ring Ring1 to receive the second laterally transmitted optical signal TSh2 from the second optical splitter SP12 and output the third laterally transmitted optical signal TSh3 to the first optical splitter SP11. The first optical splitter SP11 is further used to receive and copy the third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3 as the fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d and the second upstream transmission optical signal TSu2, and transmit the fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d through the first transmission ring Ring1 , And transmits the second upstream transmission optical signal TSu2 to the optical switching link subsystem 400a through the first longitudinal port 211.

In other words, the first optical splitter SP11 is a 2x2 (2 input 2 output) optical splitter, which includes two input ports (Input Port) and two output ports (Output Port), one of which is used to receive the first synthesized optical signal Sig11, the first optical splitter SP11 is used to copy the received first synthesized optical signal Sig11 to two output terminals, the other input terminal is used to receive the third horizontally transmitted optical signal TSh3, and the first optical splitter SP11 is used to convert the third Transmit optical signal TSh3 horizontally and copy to two output ends. One output terminal of the first optical splitter SP11 is used to output the first lateral transmission optical signal TSh1 or the fourth lateral transmission optical signal TSh3d, and the other output terminal is used to output the first upstream transmission optical signal TSu1 or the second upstream transmission optical signal TSu2 . The second optical splitter SP12 is a 1x2 (1 in 2 out) optical splitter, which will receive the first lateral transmission optical signal TSh1 from the first transmission module 210 of the other optical plug fetching subsystem 200 in the same optical node group 'Copy and split into two. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, one channel serves as the second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2 and continues to be transmitted to the west to other optical plug-out subsystems of the same group P1, while the other channel serves as the first downstream transmission light. The signal TSd1 is transmitted down to the optical receiving sub-module (ie: demultiplexer 216), but the disclosed document is not limited to the transmission direction in the past. In actual applications, the transmission direction can be adjusted according to the network configuration.

The second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2 passes through the 1x1 second wavelength selection switch WSS12, and the second wavelength selection switch WSS12 selects the specific optical wavelength signal of the second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2 as the third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3, Then, through the aforementioned first optical splitter SP11, copy and split the light. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, one of the optical signals is used as the fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d to continue to the west and transmit to other nodes in the same optical node group In the optical plug extraction subsystem, another optical signal is output as the second upstream transmission optical signal TSu2 to the corresponding optical switching link subsystem 400a. However, this disclosure document is not limited to the transmission direction in the past. In actual applications, the transmission direction can be based on Network configuration adjustment.

Please also refer to Figure 3A. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 in each optical plug fetching subsystem 200a-200e in the same group P1.

It is worth noting that, as shown in FIG. 3A, in some embodiments, the first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 in each optical plug fetching subsystem 200a-200e respectively pass through the first transmission ring Ring1. The second transmission ring Ring2 transmits the horizontally transmitted optical signals TSh1~TSh3 and TSh3d. The light transmission directions of the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2 are opposite to each other. For example, each first transmission module 210 transmits a signal to the west (ie, clockwise) with the first transmission ring Ring1, and each second transmission module 220 to the east (ie: counterclockwise) with the second transmission ring Ring2 ) Transmits signals, but this disclosure is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2 can also transmit the horizontal transmission optical signals TSh1~TSh3 and TSh3d in the same light transmission direction.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first transmission modules 210 in the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200e are respectively coupled to the light through a plurality of corresponding first longitudinal ports (as indicated by solid arrows in the figure). In the switching link subsystem 400a, the second transmission modules 220 in the optical plug access subsystems 200a-200e are respectively coupled to adjacent optical switches through a plurality of corresponding second longitudinal ports (as shown by dotted arrows in the figure) The optical switching link subsystem 400e of the link subsystem 400a.

Please go back to Figure 2 again. As shown in FIG. 2, the demultiplexers 216 and 226 serve as output sub-modules of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200. Structurally, the demultiplexers 216 and 226 are coupled to the first wavelength selective switches WSS11 and WSS21, respectively, and connected to the corresponding one of the set-top switches (eg, set-top switch ToR) for receiving and demultiplexing The first downlink transmission optical signal TSd1 or the second downlink transmission optical signal TSd2 is a plurality of download optical signals DL1~DL8, DL9~DL16, and transmits the download optical signals DL1~DL8, DL9~DL16 to the set-top switch ToR.

(表一：週期性解多工器的波長配置)Specifically, the demultiplexers 216 and 226 each include a cyclic demultiplexer (cyclic DEMUX) for receiving the synthesized optical signals Sig12 and Sig22 from the wavelength selective switches WSS11 and WSS21 including the respective wavelengths, and Selectively filter the optical signal of a specific wavelength band to pass through and enter the corresponding drop-port. For example, suppose that a smart definition optical tunnel network system uses a total of 40 wavelengths, the frequency of which is arranged from λ1 to λ40), and each wavelength band has 8 wavelengths, and each independent first transmission mode The group 210 and the second transmission module 220 each have 8 removal ports. Then a periodic demultiplexer with 8 channels will arrange a maximum of 40 wavelengths in a periodic sequence, and the wavelength selection switches WSS11 and WSS21 select the wavelength signals to enter the demultiplexers 216 and 226, The eight wavelength signals selected by the wavelength selection switches WSS11 and WSS21 each enter the corresponding eight removal ports of the demultiplexer 216 of the first transmission module 210 (or the demultiplexer 226 of the second transmission module 220) , Where each removed port will have only one corresponding wavelength signal entered in the same selection. For example, in one example, the wavelength configuration of the periodic demultiplexer is shown in Table 1 below.

(Table 1: Wavelength configuration of periodic demultiplexer)

As shown in Table 1, in this example, the first wavelength (λ1, λ9, λ17, λ25, λ33) in each wavelength band enters the first removal port, and the second wavelength (λ2, λ10, λ18, λ26, λ34) into the second removal port, and so on. Each removed port will be connected to the receiving end of the DWDM optical transceiver module corresponding to its module band wavelength on the access port of the top switch via an optical fiber. For example, the first removed port will be connected to the receiving end of the first wavelength λ1 DWDM optical transceiver module in the upper and lower ports of the set-top switch. In this way, each of the removal ports of the demultiplexers 216 and 226 can receive multiple wavelength cycle numbered optical signals.

It is worth noting that if optical signals of the same wavelength are simultaneously transmitted through the same optical fibers of the first and second transmission modules 210 and 220, signal interference may occur and conflicts may occur. Please refer to Figure 3B and Figure 3C together. Figures 3B and 3C are schematic diagrams of the conflict caused by the combiner and the schematic diagram of the conflict caused by the demultiplexer, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3B, when the first wavelength selection switch WSS11 receives the first downstream transmission optical signal TSd1 from the second optical splitter SP12, and receives the second downstream transmission optical signal TSd2 from the optical switching link subsystem 400a When the optical signals of the same wavelength (eg: λ1) are included, if the two 1x1 wavelength selection switches in the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch WSS11 select λ1 to pass, the two wavelengths will be simultaneously passed through the 2x1 light combiner The optical signal for λ1 is integrated into one optical fiber and output to the demultiplexer 216 to cause collision.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the second type of collision is the collision caused by the demultiplexer 216. Due to the design of the periodic demultiplexer, each removed port can receive 5 wavelengths arranged in a wavelength cycle order (as shown in Table 1 above). Assume that the first wavelength selection switch WSS11 receives the first downstream transmission optical signal TSd1 received from the second optical splitter SP12, and the second downstream transmission optical signal TSd2 received from the optical switching link subsystem 400a, and selects the first The optical signal with a wavelength of λ1 in the horizontal transmission optical signal TSd1 and the optical signal with a wavelength of λ9 in the second downstream transmission optical signal TSd2 pass through, although two different wavelengths of light can be successfully integrated into one optical fiber as a composite optical signal Sig12 and transmitted To the demultiplexer 216, but after passing through the demultiplexer 216, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ9 will be led to the same removal port (eg, the first removal port). Finally, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ9 will reach the receiving end of the same DWDM optical transceiver module. Because the receiving end of the same DWDM optical transceiver module can only receive one wavelength signal at a time, otherwise interference will occur. At this point there will be a conflict. Therefore, in some embodiments, due to the receiving design of the demultiplexer 216, even if the two optical tunnels use different wavelengths λ1, λ9, conflicts may be caused. Therefore, the software-defined network controller (Software-Defined Networking Controller, SDN Controller) 500 is required to perform optical tunnel network scheduling control to avoid conflicting conditions and maximize the utilization rate of the optical tunnel network Change.

The above is a description of the internal modules and operation of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200. Next, in the following paragraphs, the network architecture design in which the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200e are interconnected to form the group P1 will be described. Please refer to Figure 3A again. As shown in FIG. 3A, the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200e are connected in series by optical fibers to form a group (Pod) P1. As mentioned above, the number of optical plug-in subsystems 200a-200e that can be connected in series in a group depends on the number of wavelengths configured by each independent first transmission module 210 and second transmission module 220 and the smart definition light The total number of wavelength types supported by the tunnel network system 100. The first transmission module 210 and the second transmission module 220 in each optical plug extraction subsystem 200a~200e will correspond to the corresponding first transmission module 210, the second optical module in the adjacent optical plug extraction subsystem 200a~200e. The two transmission modules 220 are connected in series to form a ring network. Therefore, a group will contain multiple independent ring networks. The wavelengths of the frequency bands used by the transmission modules (such as the first transmission module 210) on the same transmission ring (such as the first transmission ring Ring1) cannot be repeated with each other, and the counterclockwise direction from small to large according to their wavelength frequencies arrangement. In addition, since the transmission rings are independent of each other, the same wavelength can be reused on different rings. In other words, in some embodiments, the types and numbers of wavelengths used on the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2 are the same.

Taking the group P1 architecture in FIG. 3A as an example, two optical fibers are respectively connected in series to the corresponding first transmission module 210 and second transmission module 220 in each optical plug fetching subsystem 200a-200e to form two independent The first transmission ring Ring1 and the second transmission ring Ring2. The first transmission ring Ring1 transmits the optical signal to the west (ie: clockwise direction), and the second transmission ring Ring2 transmits the optical signal to the east (ie: counterclockwise direction). The first transmission module 210 of the first optical plug extraction subsystem 200a in the first transmission ring Ring1 uses a frequency band containing wavelengths λ1-λ8, and the first transmission in the next optical plug extraction subsystem 200e to the east The module 210 uses λ9-λ16, and the first transmission module 210 in the next optical plug extraction subsystem 200d on the east uses λ17-λ24, and so on.

In particular, the wavelength band used by each second transmission module 220 in the second transmission ring Ring2 will be staggered and adjacent to the first transmission module 210, for example, in the first optical plug subsystem 200a The second transmission module 220 uses λ9-λ16 (staggered and adjacent to the first transmission module 210 of the optical plug extraction subsystem 200a using the frequency band containing wavelengths λ1-λ8), and the next optical plug extraction subsystem 200e on the east side The second transmission module 220 uses λ17-λ24 (staggered and adjacent to the first transmission module 210 of the optical plug extraction subsystem 200e using the frequency band including the wavelength λ9-λ16), and the next optical plug extraction subsystem 200d on the east side The second transmission module 220 uses λ25-λ32, and so on. In other words, in the same group P1, the first frequency band configured by the first transmission module 210 in the optical plug extraction subsystem 200a and the second frequency band configured by the second transmission module 220 in the optical plug extraction subsystem 200b include the same Wavelength combination.

With such a configuration, each optical plug fetching subsystem 200a~200e can support 16 wavelength bandwidths. The maximum number of optical pick-up subsystems 200 that a group P1 can connect in series depends on the type of wavelength used by the system. Taking the architecture in Figure 1 as an example, assuming that the optically-defined optical tunnel network system 100 supports a total of 40 wavelengths, five independent modules of different wavelength bands can be connected in series on an independent ring, which is equivalent to a group P1 Five optical plug access subsystems 200a~200e can be connected in series (as shown in Figure 3A).

In addition, the types and numbers of transmission wavelengths used in each transmission ring Ring1 and Ring2 are the same, so 40 wavelengths (λ1~λ40) are used in the first transmission ring Ring1, and the second transmission ring Ring2 also uses λ1 ~λ40. Under this ring-shaped design architecture, one optical plug extraction subsystem 200a~200e can simultaneously transmit and receive the optical signals of other optical plug extraction subsystems of the same group P1 to the east or west.

In addition, two design features are included in the group ring network architecture, which are the incremental architecture design and the wavelength reuse feature. The specific content will be described in detail in the following paragraphs.

The spirit of the progressive architecture design is reflected in two deployment methods. The first is that the nodes of the optical plug-in and sub-system 200a~200e can be added and connected in series in a group according to the number of cabinets required. The second is that the number of independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 can be gradually increased in a group P1.

For example, because the optical plug fetching subsystem adopts a modular design, and each group of the first layer network T1 adopts a ring-shaped design architecture, it is possible to flexibly connect different numbers of optical plugs in a group Take subsystems 200a~200e. In other words, as the demand increases, the required optical plug-out subsystems 200a-200e can be gradually added and connected in series according to the number of cabinets required in a group. For example, when the required number of cabinets is small (for example: three cabinets), the group P1 may include only three optical plug extraction subsystems 200a-200c in a ring-shaped series connection. When the number of required cabinets increases (eg, five cabinets), the group P1 can be expanded to include five optical plug extraction subsystems 200a to 200e in series in a ring.

In addition, the number of independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 can also be added in the same group. For example, when the number of servers in the cabinet increases or the bandwidth is upgraded, it means that the network traffic generated by the entire cabinet also rises relatively. This can be solved by two methods. The first method is that when the number of wavelengths used by the optical plugging subsystems 200a to 200e is unchanged, the optical tunnel network system based on wisdom defines the characteristics of data rate transparency and can replace the higher speed DWDM The optical transceiver module supports network traffic generated by the increase in the number of servers or the upgrade of bandwidth. For example, the transmission speed of each wavelength can be upgraded from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s to increase the flexible application of the system transmission rate and save a lot of hardware equipment upgrade costs.

The second method is that when the wavelength transmission rate is unchanged, the number of transmission modules in the optical plug fetching subsystem 200 can be gradually increased to increase the number of wavelengths that the cabinet can choose to use. Since the transmission modules are independent of each other, it is equivalent to gradually increasing the number of transmission rings in a group to support the network traffic generated by the increase in the number of servers or the bandwidth upgrade in the cabinet. The number of independent transmission rings that can be formed in the same group depends on the number of wavelengths used by independent transmission modules and the types of wavelengths used by the system. For example, when the optical tunnel network system 100 is intelligently defined to use 40 wavelengths, an optical plugging subsystem 200 may include up to 5 independent modules with different wavelength bands, respectively using λ1-λ8, λ9-λ16, λ17 -λ24, λ25-λ32 and λ33-λ40 frequency bands. Correspondingly, a group can form up to 5 transmission rings.

In other words, in some embodiments, any one of the optical plug fetching subsystems 200 may include N independent transmission modules, so that the optical plug fetching subsystems 200 in the same group are connected to each other through the corresponding N transmission rings. The N transmission modules in an optical pick-up subsystem 200 are coupled to two adjacent optical switching link subsystems in the second-layer network T2 through corresponding optical paths. One of the N transmission modules will be coupled to the corresponding transmission module in the two adjacent optical plug-out subsystems in the same optical node group in the first layer network T1 through the corresponding optical path, where N It is a positive integer greater than or equal to two.

Based on the above, the two deployment methods of the group progressive architecture design in the first layer network T1 only need to connect the required optical plugs to the corresponding independent transmission modules in the 200 nodes of the subsystem through the optical fiber to form a ring Network architecture, which can greatly reduce the wiring complexity of system architecture upgrades.

In addition, as described in the previous paragraph, the same wavelength combination can be reused in the first layer network T1, which is the wavelength reusable characteristic in the first layer network T1. Specifically, the wavelength reusability feature is manifested in two places in the network architecture. First, multiple independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 in each Pod can reuse the same wavelength combination. Second, intra-Pod optical signals of different groups can reuse the same wavelength combination.

Each transmission ring in the same group can reuse optical signals of the same wavelength (eg, λ1) for transmission. In different groups, optical signals of the same wavelength (eg, λ1) can also be reused for transmission without collision. Through the design of the above network architecture, it is possible to support a large number of data transmission between cabinets with only a few wavelength types, and to overcome the intelligent definition of each optical fiber in each optical fiber in the optical tunnel network system 100 can only be used to transmit a corresponding The passing of the optical signal, and the upper limit of the wavelength types (such as: 40 wavelengths) that can be used in the entire network system.

Please refer to Figure 3D. FIG. 3D is a schematic diagram of intra-Pod optical tunnels and optical signal flow directions according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The following paragraphs will describe the settings of the wavelength selection switches in the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e and the flow of optical signals required to establish the optical tunnels in the group according to FIG. 3D.

As shown in FIG. 3D and FIG. 2, the unit corresponding to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a wants to use the first transmission module 210 to transmit data to the unit corresponding to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b in the same group P1 and the corresponding Take the unit of the optical plug 200c subsystem. To separately transmit two pieces of data, the software-defined network controller 500 can be used to establish two intra-group optical tunnels, one of which uses the path RT1 of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b, and selects the use wavelength λ1 , Another path RT2 that uses the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200c and chooses to use the wavelength λ2. In order to establish an optical tunnel, it is necessary to set all the wavelength selection switches on the path to select specific wavelengths to pass. Therefore, the path RT1 can be established only by setting a 2x1 first wavelength selective switch (such as the first wavelength selective switch WSS11 in FIG. 2) in the first transmission module 210 in the destination optical plug extraction subsystem 200b Optical tunnel, and the path RT2 needs to set a 1x1 second wavelength selective switch in the east-west direction of the first transmission module 210 in the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b (such as the second wavelength selective switch WSS12 in Figure 2) And a 2x1 first wavelength selective switch in the first transmission module 210 in the destination optical plug extraction subsystem 200c (such as the first wavelength selective switch WSS11 in FIG. 2).

In the process of optical signal transmission, first, the optical signals with wavelengths λ1 and λ2 will be transmitted to the optical plug and take-out subsystem 200a via the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module on the top switch access port in the corresponding rack (Rack) The add port corresponding to the transmission module 210a is integrated into a single fiber with the multiplexer 212, and then copied and split to the west side through the 2x2 first optical splitter SP11, and the optical signal is amplified by the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 And transmitted from the first transmission ring Ring1 to the first transmission module 210b in the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b. After the optical signal is transmitted to the first transmission module 210b, the optical signals of wavelength λ1 and wavelength λ2 are copied and split into two optical signals through the second optical splitter SP12, one optical signal is transmitted downward, and the other optical signal is transmitted west To optical plug taking subsystem 200c. Among them, the optical signal transmitted downward will pass through the optical signal of the wavelength λ1 selected by the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch WSS11 and transmitted to the demultiplexer 216, and finally transmitted to the demultiplexer 216's first removal port to Corresponding to the receiving end of the DWDM optical transceiver module on the access port of the overhead switch in the corresponding cabinet, the optical signal transmission from the cabinet to the cabinet is completed.

On the other hand, the optical signal transmitted to the west will pass through the optical signal of the wavelength λ2 selected by the 1x1 second wavelength selection switch WSS12, and will be copied and split by the 2x2 first optical splitter SP11 and transmitted to the west. At this time, the optical signal The optical power is amplified by the optical signal amplifier EDFA1 and transmitted from the first transmission ring Ring1 to the first transmission module 210c in the optical plug extraction subsystem 200c. After the optical signal is transmitted to the first transmission module 210c, the optical signal with the wavelength λ2 is copied and split into two by the 1x2 second optical splitter SP12, one optical signal is transmitted downward, and the other optical signal continues to be transmitted to the west. The optical signal transmitted downward will be selected by λ2 through the 2x1 first wavelength selection switch WSS11 and then transmitted to the demultiplexer 216, and then transmitted from the second demultiplexer 216 to the corresponding rack-mounted switch The receiving end of the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module on the access port completes the optical signal transmission from cabinet to cabinet.

In addition, the software-defined network controller 500 can be used to configure a 1x1 second wavelength selective switch in the first transmission module 210c (please refer to the second wavelength selective switch WSS12 in FIG. 2) to filter and download The optical signal of the wavelength λ2 transmitted in the west side, to prevent the optical signal of the wavelength λ2 from continuing to be transmitted to the next optical plug extraction subsystem 200d.

In this way, different optical tunnels can be established on the same transmission ring Ring1 with different wavelengths to transmit data to different optical nodes respectively. In this way, data transmission between servers on different racks corresponding to the optical pickup subsystems 200a to 200e in the same group in the first layer network T1 can be achieved.

Please refer to Figure 1 again. As shown in the previous figure 1, the first layer network T1 includes a plurality of groups P1~P4, and the groups P1~P4 can form a larger network by interconnecting with the second layer network T2 Road architecture. The following will describe the design of the interconnection architecture of the first-tier network T1 and the second-tier network T2, the internal architecture of the second-tier network T2, and the optical signal transmission operations between groups.

Structurally, any optical switching link subsystem (eg, optical switching link subsystem 400a) in the second layer network T2 will simultaneously connect two adjacent groups (eg, groups) in the first layer network T1 P1, Group P2). In this way, through the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e in the second-layer network T2, data transmission between servers corresponding to different groups can be realized.

Specifically, the first transmission modules 210 in the optical plug extraction subsystems 200a to 200e in the group P1 are respectively coupled to the optical switching link subsystem 400a through a plurality of corresponding first longitudinal ports. The second transmission modules 220 in 200a to 200e are respectively coupled to the optical switching link subsystem 400e adjacent to the optical switching link subsystem 400a through a plurality of corresponding second longitudinal ports. In addition, the second transmission modules 220 in the group P2 are respectively coupled to the optical switching link subsystem 400a through a plurality of corresponding second longitudinal ports.

In other words, any optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e of any second-layer network T2 are coupled to the first transmission module corresponding to different transmission rings in the optical plug-in subsystems 200a-200e of two adjacent groups 210. The second transmission module 220. The optical pick-up subsystems 200a to 200e in the same group of any first layer network T1 are also coupled to the second layer network through different first transmission modules 210 and second transmission modules 220, respectively The two adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in T2.

In this way, together with the interconnection network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e, any group of optical plug access subsystems 200a~200e can be constructed between each group of the first layer network T1 through one or more The optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are connected to other end-to-end optical tunnels for transmission between the other optical plug access subsystems 200a to 200e.

For ease of explanation, the following paragraphs will illustrate the specific internal structure of the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the corresponding operations for implementing optical signal transmission in conjunction with diagrams. Please refer to Figure 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical switching link subsystem 400a according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. It is worth noting that although Figure 4 illustrates the structure and operation of the optical switching link subsystem 400a as an example, the structure and operation of the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e are also similar, so they will not be described in detail.

The optical switching link subsystem 400a is mainly used as a relay node for establishing optical tunnels between different groups. As shown in FIG. 4, the internal design of the optical switching link subsystem 400a can be divided into a receiving submodule 420, an output submodule 440, an optical switching submodule 460, and an interconnecting circuit module 480. The interconnection line module 480 also includes a failover sub-module 490.

The optical switching link subsystem 400a includes a plurality of add ports and drop ports, the number of which is equal, and corresponds to the number of optical plug-in subsystems 200 in each group in the layer 1 network T1. For example, when each group includes five optical plug extraction subsystems 200a-200e, the optical switching link subsystem 400a needs to connect a total of 10 optical plug extraction subsystems in two adjacent groups P1 and P2. Therefore, 10 adding ports and 10 removing ports are required.

As shown in the figure, the receiving sub-module 420 is coupled to each of the add-in ports for respectively taking a plurality of first optical plug-out subsystems 200a corresponding to the first group P1 corresponding to the optical switching link subsystem 400a~ 200e receives a plurality of first upstream transmission optical signals TSU1a~TSu1e, and receives a plurality of third upstream transmission optical signals TSU3a~TSu3e with a plurality of second optical plug-out subsystems 200a~200e corresponding to the second group P2.

Because the optical switching link subsystem 400a connects all the optical plug access subsystems 200a to 200e in the two adjacent groups P1 and P2 in the first layer network T1 with optical fibers. In order to integrate and filter the optical signals uploaded from the optical plug extraction subsystems 200a-200e, in some embodiments, the receiving sub-module 420 includes two wavelength band multiplexers (band MUX) BMUX1, BMUX2 for receiving The first optical transmission signal TSU1a~TSu1e and the third optical transmission signal Tsu3a~TSu3e with different wavelength bands transmitted by the optical plug extraction subsystems 200a~200e in the groups P1 and P2 are integrated into a synthetic light The signals SigU1 and SigU2 enter the optical path switching sub-module 460 into one optical fiber.

In some embodiments, the different transmission rings of the optical plug fetch subsystems of different groups P1 and P2 connected by the two wavelength band multiplexers BMUX1 and BMUX2. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the wavelength band multiplexer BMUX1 connects downward to the first transmission module 210 of each optical plug fetch subsystem 200a~200e in the group P1, and the wavelength band is multiple The tool BMUX2 will connect downward to the second transmission modules 220 of the optical pick-up subsystems 200a-200e in the group P2. For ease of understanding, the connection between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 will be described in detail in subsequent paragraphs.

Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, if a group P1 includes at most 5 optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e, the corresponding optical plug fetching subsystem 200a~200e on each transmission ring is the first transmission Both the module 210 and the second transmission module 220 use different wavelength bands, and the wavelength band multiplexers BMUX1 and BMUX2 configured in the optical switching link subsystem 400a are each 5-band multiplexers, so that The optical signals of 5 different wavelength bands pass through 5 add ports respectively. For example, from the first add port to the optical signal of the wavelength band multiplexer BMUX1, only the optical signals with the wavelengths of λ1~λ8 will pass, and the optical signals of the remaining wavelengths will be filtered by the wavelength band multiplexer BMUX1, For the optical signal from the second add port to the wavelength band multiplexer BMUX1, only the optical signal with the wavelength λ9-λ16 will pass, and so on.

The output submodule 440 is coupled to each removal port, and is used to transmit the synthesized optical signals SigD1 and SigD2 transmitted from the optical path switching submodule 460 to the groups P1 and P2 in the first-layer network T1. Specifically, the output sub-module 440 mainly includes optical splitters SPLT1 and SPLT2. Structurally, the optical splitter SPLT1 is connected to the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200e in the group P1, and the optical splitter SPLT2 is connected to the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200e in the group P2. The optical splitters SPLT1 and SPLT2 are used to respectively copy and split the synthesized optical signals SigD1 and SigD2 downloaded by the optical path switching submodule 460 into the second downstream transmission optical signals TSd2a~TSd2e and the fourth downstream transmission optical signals TSd4a~TSd4e to the first The optical plug-out subsystems 200a to 200e of the groups P1 and P2 in the first-layer network T1.

Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, if a group P1 includes a maximum of 5 optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e, the 1x5 optical splitter SPLT1 will copy the synthesized optical signal SigD1 into 5 second downlink transmissions The optical signals TSd2a~TSd2e are respectively output to the first transmission modules 210 of the five optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e in the group P1. And another 1x5 optical splitter SPLT2 will copy the composite optical signal SigD2 into 5 fourth downlink transmission optical signals TSd4a~TSd4e and output them to the second transmission mode of the five optical plugs in the group P2 and the subsystems 200a~200e respectively Group 220.

Structurally, the optical path switching sub-module 460 is coupled to the receiving sub-module 420, the output sub-module 440, and the interconnecting circuit module 480 for receiving the sub-module 420, the output sub-module 440, and the interconnecting circuit Optical signals are transmitted between the modules 480.

In some embodiments, the optical switching submodule 460 includes an NxM wavelength selective switch for wavelength selection, so that the optical switching link subsystem 400a can transfer the optical signal transmitted from the first layer network T1 to the east and west Other optical switching link subsystems (such as optical switching link subsystems 400b~400e) or down to other groups in the first layer network T1, can also receive other optical switching link subsystems from east to west The optical signals of 400b~400e are transferred to the groups P1 and P2 in the first layer network T1. N and M are any positive integers greater than or equal to two, depending on the number of transmission modules included in one optical plug-in subsystem 200 and the optical switching link subsystems 400a connected to each other included in the second-layer network T2 The number of 400e.

Taking the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as an example, since one optical plugging subsystem 200 includes two independent first transmission modules 210 and second transmission modules 220, the optical switching link subsystem 400a is configured with two sets of multiplexing器BMUX1, BMUX2. Correspondingly, the optical path switching sub-module 460 includes a first upstream input terminal and a second upstream input terminal, respectively coupled to the multiplexer BMUX1 and the multiplexer BMUX2, for receiving the synthesized optical signal SigU1 and the synthesized optical signal SigU2, respectively.

In addition, since there are five optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e connected in the layer 2 network T2, each optical switching link subsystem (eg, optical switching link subsystem 400a) will come from four other optical switching link subsystems. The line connected from system 400b to 400e. Therefore, the optical path switching sub-module 460 includes a plurality of corresponding downstream input terminals, which are coupled to the interconnection line module 480, and are respectively used to receive the horizontally transmitted optical signals transmitted by the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e. Therefore, in this example, the number of input terminals of the optical path switching submodule 460 is 2 upstream input terminals plus 4 downstream input terminals, and the value of N is 6.

On the other hand, since the optical switching link subsystem 400a transmits data to the two groups P1 and P2 in the past, the optical switching link subsystem 400a is configured with two optical splitters SPLT1 and SPLT2. Correspondingly, the optical path switching sub-module 460 includes a first downstream output terminal and a second downstream output terminal, which are respectively coupled to the optical splitter SPLT1 and the optical splitter SPLT2. The optical splitter SPLT1 is used to output the second downstream transmission optical signals TSd2a~TSd2e The optical splitter SPLT2 is used to output the fourth downstream transmission optical signals TSd4a~TSd4e.

In addition, the optical switching link subsystem 400a uses the previous east and west bidirectional output signals to the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e. Therefore, the optical path switching sub-module 460 includes a first upstream output terminal and a second upstream output terminal, which are respectively coupled to the interconnection circuit module 480 and used to output a laterally transmitted optical signal to the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e . Therefore, a total of 4 outputs are required in this example, and the value of M is 4.

In this architecture, compared to existing optical switching submodules, the 6x4 (6 in 4 out) optical path switching submodule 460 simplifies the circuit design, not only uses fewer circuits, but also can be used to detect optical signals Intensity of failover submodule 490 (see Figure 6).

Please refer to Figure 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal design of the optical path switching sub-module 460 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the 6x4 optical path switching sub-module 460 includes a plurality of input splitters 462a-462f, a wavelength selective switch array 464, a plurality of output combiners 466a-466d, and a plurality of optical signal amplifiers 468a- 468d. Specifically, in the optical switching submodule 460, the number of input splitters 462a to 462f corresponds to the number N of input terminals, the number of output combiners 466a to 466d, and the number of optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d correspond to the number M of output terminals . In this example, the 6x4 optical path switching sub-module 460 includes 6 input splitters 462a-462f, 4 output combiners 466a-466d, and 4 optical signal amplifiers 468a-468d. The wavelength selective switch array 464 is an array composed of 14 1x1 wavelength selective switches 464a~464n. In this embodiment, the six input beam splitters 462a-462f include four input beam splitters 462a-462d for downstream transmission and two input beam splitters 462e-462f for upstream transmission. Among the 14 wavelength selective switches 464a~464n, there are four horizontally transmitted wavelength selective switches 464a~462d, the first part of the downstream wavelength selective switches 464e~464i, and the second part of the downstream wavelength selective switches 464j~ 464n. The four output light combiners 466a-466d include two output light combiners 466a-466b for lateral transmission and two output light combiners 466c-466d for downstream transmission.

In operation, the input splitters 462a to 462f are respectively coupled to the downstream input terminal, the first upstream input terminal, or the second upstream input terminal, for copying and correspondingly outputting a plurality of first optical signals to the wavelength selective switch array 464 The multiple wavelength selection switches in 464a~464n. The wavelength selection switches 464a-464n are used to receive and select the corresponding wavelength output of the first optical signal as the second optical signal to the corresponding output light combiners 466a-466d according to the control signal CS output by the software-defined network controller 500, respectively. The output light combiners 466a-466d are respectively used to receive and synthesize the corresponding two or more of the second optical signals to output a plurality of third optical signals to the optical signal amplifiers 468a-468d. Thereby, the optical signal amplifiers 468a to 468d can amplify the third optical signal, and pass the amplified third optical signal through the first downstream output, the second downstream output, the first upstream output, or the second upstream, respectively The output end is output as a composite optical signal SigD1, SigD2, SigE0, SigW0. The following paragraphs will explain the operation of each device unit.

Specifically, the input splitter 462e for upstream transmission is coupled to the first upstream input, and the input splitter 462f for upstream transmission is coupled to the second upstream input for receiving and synthesizing from the multiplexer BMUX1 and the multiplexer BMUX2 Optical signal SigU1 and synthetic optical signal SigU2. The upstream input splitters 462e, 462f are used to copy and synthesize the optical signals SigU1, SigU2 and split into 3 channels, and then connect them to three different 1x1 wavelength selective switches 464a~464n in the wavelength selective switch array 464, respectively. As shown in the figure, the input splitter 462e for upstream transmission is connected to the wavelength selection switches 464a, 464c, and 464n, and correspondingly outputs the first horizontal transmission signal H1E, the second horizontal transmission signal H1W, and the third downstream transmission signal U1D2. The upstream splitter 462f is connected to the wavelength selective switches 464b, 464d, and 464i, and outputs the first horizontal transmission signal H2E, the second horizontal transmission signal H2W, and the third downlink transmission signal U2D1 accordingly.

The downstream input ends of the optical path switching sub-module 460 are respectively used to receive the optical signals from the two optical switching link subsystems on the east and the west. For example, for the optical path switching sub-module 460 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a, the downstream inputs are used to receive the lateral optical signals SigE1, SigE2 from the east optical path switching sub-modules 460b, 460c, and the west side. The horizontal optical signals SigW1 and SigW2 from the optical path switching submodules 460e and 460d. The optical signals SigE1, SigE2, SigW1, and SigW2 are respectively connected to the 1x2 downstream input splitters 462a, 462b, 462c, and 462d from the downstream input end through the optical fiber to copy and split the optical signal into two channels, and then connect to 1x1 wavelength selection Corresponding one of the switches 464a~464n.

Specifically, any one of the input splitters 462a to 462d for downstream transmission is coupled to the corresponding one of the downstream input ends, and is used to replicate the lateral optical signals SigE1 and SigE2 received from the corresponding optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e , SigW1, SigW2, and output the corresponding first downlink transmission signals E1D1, E2D1, W1D1, W2D1 and second downlink transmission signals E1D2, E2D2, W1D2, W2D2 to the wavelength selection switch 464a~ in the wavelength selection switch array 464 464n corresponding one.

As shown in the figure, in one example, the input splitter 462a for downstream transmission is connected and outputs the first downstream transmission signal E1D1, the second downstream transmission signal E1D2 to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464e, 464j. The input splitter 462b for downstream transmission is connected and outputs the first downstream transmission signal E2D1, the second downstream transmission signal E2D2 to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464f, 464k. The input splitter 462c for downstream transmission is connected and outputs the first downstream transmission signal W1D1, the second downstream transmission signal W1D2 to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464g, 464l. The input splitter 462d for downstream transmission is connected and outputs the first downstream transmission signal W2D1, the second downstream transmission signal W2D2 to the corresponding wavelength selection switches 464h, 464m.

Among the 14 wavelength selective switches 464a to 464n of the wavelength selective switch array 464, four of the horizontally-transmitted wavelength selective switches 464a, 464b, 464c, and 464d are used to transmit to the second-layer network T2 Middle East, The horizontal transmission signals H1E, H2E, H1W, and H2W of the west-facing other optical path switching submodule 460 are wavelength-selected, and the corresponding wavelength output is selected as the corresponding third optical signal. The wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i in the first part of the downstream transmission and the wavelength selection switches 464j to 464n in the second part of the downstream transmission are used for the downstream transmission to the two adjacent groups in the first layer network T1. Wavelength selection for transmission signals.

Specifically, the wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part of the downstream transmission are used to select the corresponding wavelength outputs of the downstream transmission signals E1D1, E2D1, W1D1, W2D1 and the downstream transmission signal U2D1 as the corresponding third optical signals. The second part of the downstream transmission wavelength selection switches 464j~464n are respectively used to select the corresponding wavelength output of the downstream transmission signals E1D2, E2D2, W1D2, W2D2 and the downstream transmission signal U1D2 as the corresponding third optical signal. In this way, the wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part of downlink transmission can perform wavelength selection on the optical signals transmitted to the lower group P1. The second part of the downstream transmission wavelength selection switches 464j~464n can perform wavelength selection on the optical signals transmitted to the lower group P2.

Based on the above, after the 14 wavelength selective switches 464a to 464n in the wavelength selective switch array 464 complete the wavelength selection, the third optical signal output by the wavelength selective switch array 464 has 4 transmission directions, respectively Go west, go to group P1 and go to group P2. The wavelength-selective switches 464a~464n with the same transmission direction will be connected to the corresponding one of the output combiners 466a~466d to integrate the optical signals into one optical path.

As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the output optical combiner 466a for lateral transmission is used to synthesize the third optical signal output by the wavelength selective switches 464a and 464b for lateral transmission. Another output optical combiner 466b for horizontal transmission is used to synthesize the third optical signal output by the wavelength selective switches 464c and 464d for horizontal transmission. The output optical combiner 466c for downstream transmission is used to synthesize the third optical signal output by the wavelength selection switches 464e to 464i of the first part of downstream transmission. Another output optical combiner 466d for downstream transmission is used to synthesize the third optical signal output by the wavelength selection switches 464j to 464n of the second part of downstream transmission.

Finally, the output combiners 466a~466d are respectively connected to the corresponding one of the optical signal amplifiers 468a~468d to enhance the optical signal strength and ensure that the final output composite optical signals SigD1, SigD2, SigE0, SigW0 have enough power to be transmitted to the destination Ground.

It is worth noting that, similar to the optical communication in the first-layer network T1, when multiple optical signals of the same wavelength enter the optical path switching submodule 460 at the same time, the optical signals of the same wavelength may be combined through the same output Devices 466a~466d cause conflicts.

For example, when the optical signals SigU1 and SigU2 from group P1 and group P2 are both transmitted to the east, if both signal wavelengths are λ5, the two λ5 optical signals will be integrated into the output light combiner 466a. There is a conflict in one fiber. Similarly, if the optical signals SigU1 and SigU2 are transmitted to the west, they may cause conflicts through the output light combiner 466b. In addition, when the wavelengths of the two optical signals SigE1 and SigW1 from the first optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400e on the east and west sides are both λ6, they are integrated through the 5x1 output combiner 466c to group P1. Will conflict with the optical signal. Similarly, if the optical signal is transmitted to the group P2, it may cause a collision through the 5x1 (5 in 1 out) output combiner 466d.

Please refer to Figure 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an interconnect circuit module 480 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The interconnection circuit module 480 is used to connect the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e. Any two of the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e transmit corresponding horizontal transmission optical signals through corresponding first lines (ie, normal lines). In some embodiments, any two of the optical switching link subsystems 400a-400e are connected by a second line (ie, a protection line) that is different from the first line. The interconnection module 480 includes a failover module 490.

Specifically, the interconnection line module 480 includes upload terminals In1, In2, eastward output terminals E1~E2, eastward protection output terminals E3~E6, eastward input terminals E7~E8, eastward protection input terminals E9~E12, westward input terminals W1~W2, west protection input W3~W6, west output W7~W8, west protection output W9~W12, interconnect splitter 481~486 and failover module 490.

The interconnection circuit module 480 includes an internal circuit for interconnecting the optical switching link subsystem 400a with other optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e. As shown in the figure, interconnection lines include normal lines and protection lines. Normal line (as shown by the solid line in the figure), used to transmit optical signals under normal system conditions. The protection route (shown by the dotted line in the figure) is used to take over the transmission of optical signals by reverse transmission when the normal line is broken. The number of interconnection lines depends on the total number of optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e connected to the system. For example, this embodiment shows a circuit diagram formed by interconnecting five optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e. In fact, the interconnection structure between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the layer 2 network T2 is essentially a mesh structure. Therefore, there are basically one output line NLE0 to the east, one output line NLW0 to the west, and two input lines NLE1, NLE2, and 2 from the east optical switching link subsystem (such as 400b, 400c) For the input lines NLW1 and NLW2 from the west optical switching link subsystem (eg 400e, 400d), there are a total of 2 normal solid lines connected to the optical switching submodule 460, and a total of 4 normal solid lines connected to Failover submodule 490.

On the other hand, there are at least 6 protection output lines PLW0, PLE0 and protection input lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1, PLW2 (dashed lines) because they correspond one-to-one with normal lines. The rest of the lines are transit lines. Some lines use the interconnect splitters 481~486 to copy and split the optical signals, while transmitting to the optical switching link subsystem and the next optical switching link subsystem, and the other part is to directly transit the local optical switch The link subsystem connects to the next optical switch link subsystem in the east-west direction.

The input lines NLE1, NLE2, NLW1, NLW2 and the protection lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1, PLW2 are connected to the failover submodule 490. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the input lines NLE1, NLE2, NLW1, NLW2 and the protection lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1, PLW2 are directly connected to the failover submodule 490, but this disclosure does not limit this In other embodiments, the input lines NLE1, NLE2, NLW1, NLW2 and the protection lines PLE1, PLE2, PLW1, PLW2 may be indirectly connected to the failover submodule 490. On the other hand, the output lines NLE0 and NLW0 are directly connected to the optical path switching submodule 460.

For signals to be output from group P1 or group P2 to other optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e, first, they come out from the optical switching submodule 460, and the two optical fibers to be transmitted to the east and west are connected to each other respectively. The first upload end In1 and the second upload end In2 of the line module 480 are connected.

The first upload end In1 and the second upload end In2 are respectively connected to a 1x2 interconnection splitter 485, 486. The interconnect splitter 485 is used to copy the synthesized optical signal SigW0 received from the optical path switching sub-module 460, and output through the first west-direction output terminal W7 (ie: line NLW0) as the lateral transmission optical signal SigW7 and the first east protection output End E3 (ie: line PLE0). Similarly, the interconnect splitter 486 is used to copy the synthesized optical signal SigE0 received from the optical path switching sub-module 460, and output through the first east output terminal E1 (ie: line NLE0) as the horizontal transmission optical signal SigE1, through the first A westward protection output terminal W9 (ie: line PLW0) outputs SigW9 as a horizontal transmission optical signal.

In other words, the interconnect splitters 485 and 486 are used to copy and split the optical signal into two channels, and one channel is transmitted to the optical switching link subsystems 400e and 400d and the optical switching link in the normal direction (ie, normal lines NLW0 and NLE0). Systems 400b and 400c, while the other channel is transmitted in the reverse direction (ie: protection lines PLE0, PLW0).

As shown in the figure, the interconnection line module 480 transmits the corresponding horizontal transmission optical signal SigE1 to the optical switching link subsystems 400b and 400c in the first direction (eg, eastward), and the Two directions (such as: westward) transmit the corresponding horizontal transmission optical signal SigW7 to the optical switching link subsystems 400e and 400d. In other words, in the normal path, the interconnection circuit module 480 will transmit optical signals to the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b-400e in two different directions.

Similarly, signals received from other optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e and output to the group P1 or group P2 are also divided into normal lines and protection lines. In terms of normal lines, the normal lines NLE1 and NLW1 are connected from the two input ports of the first east input PiE1 and the first west input PiW1 to receive the first optical switching link subsystem 400b in the east and the first in the west The signal from the optical switching link subsystem 400e.

The first eastward input terminal E7 and the first westbound input terminal W1 receive laterally from the first westbound output terminal W7 and the first eastbound output terminal E1 in the interconnection line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400e, respectively Transmit optical signals SigW7', SigE1'. On the normal line, NLE1 and NLW1 will be connected to an interconnection splitter 482 and 481, respectively, to copy and split the horizontally transmitted optical signals SigW7' and SigE1' into 2 channels, one to continue to the west and east, and the other to Local failover submodule 490 transmits.

As shown in the figure, the two lines going east and west will eventually be connected to the output port position one shifted down. In other words, the interconnect splitter 481 is used to replicate the laterally transmitted optical signal SigE1' received from the first west-facing input terminal W1, and output as the laterally transmitted optical signal SigE2 through the second eastward output terminal E2. The interconnection splitter 482 is used to replicate the laterally transmitted optical signal SigW7' received from the first eastward input terminal E7, and output as the laterally transmitted optical signal SigW8 through the second westward output terminal W8. In addition, the two lines transmitted to the local failover submodule 490 are connected to the output ports O4 and O8 respectively.

The second set of normal lines NLE2 and NLW2 are the lines connected from the second east input E8 and the second west input W2, respectively, to receive the second optical switching link subsystem 400c in the east and the second optical switching in the west The horizontal transmission optical signals SigW8' and SigE2' from the connection subsystem 400d are respectively connected to the output ports O3 and O7 and directly connected to the local failover submodule 490.

In terms of protection lines, the basic design principle is to configure a line corresponding to a normal line but transmitting in the opposite direction to connect to an optical switching link subsystem node at the same destination as the normal (solid line) path.

Unlike the normal line, in the case of five optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e interconnection, the protection path needs to pass through the two optical switching link subsystem nodes in the opposite direction of the normal path before reaching the same destination as the normal path The optical switching link subsystem node.

For example, assuming that the line to the east of the optical switching link subsystem is broken, the optical signals to the two optical switching link subsystems on the east side must be transferred to the west through the protection path (to the two optical switching link subsystems on the west side are not affected by Affected, the normal path is still used). And this optical signal must bypass the two optical switching link subsystems before going to the two optical switching link subsystems in the east. When the optical signals pass through the two optical switching link subsystems on the west side, they do not need to be received.

Therefore, in the optical switching link subsystem 400a, there are two optical fibers on the protection paths to the east and west without the splitter. As shown in the figure, the first east protection input E9 and the first west protection input W3 are respectively used for the first west protection in the interconnection line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400e The output W9 and the first east protection output E3 receive the horizontal transmission optical signal, and output the horizontal transmission optical signal through the second west protection output W10 and the second east protection output E4.

Similarly, the second eastward protection input terminal E10 and the second westward protection input terminal W4 are respectively used for the second westward protection output terminal W10 in the interconnection circuit module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400e The second east protection output terminal E4 receives the horizontal transmission optical signal, and outputs the horizontal transmission optical signal through the third west protection output terminal W11 and the third east protection output terminal E5.

The third eastward protection input terminal E11 and the third westward protection input terminal W5 are respectively used for the third westward protection output terminal W11 and the third eastward direction in the interconnection line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400e The protection output E5 receives the horizontally transmitted optical signal.

The interconnect splitters 484 and 483 are coupled to the third east protection input E11 and the third west protection input W5, respectively, for copying the received lateral transmission optical signal, and connected to a position of the output port moved down by The four west protection output terminals W12 and the fourth east protection output terminal E6 output lateral transmission optical signals, and output lateral transmission optical signals through the output terminals O2 and O6 to the failover submodule 490.

Finally, the fourth eastward protection input terminal E12 and the fourth westward protection input terminal W6 are respectively used for the fourth westward protection output terminal W12 and the first westward protection output terminal W12 in the interconnection line module 480 of the adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400e. The four east protection output terminal E6 receives the horizontal transmission optical signal, and outputs the horizontal transmission optical signal to the failover sub-module 490 through the output terminals O1 and O5.

As shown in the figure, the failover submodule 490 is coupled to the interconnect splitters 483 and 484, the fourth east protection input E12 and the fourth west protection input W6. In addition, the failover sub-module 490 is also coupled to the interconnected splitters 481 and 482, the second east input terminal E8, and the second west input terminal W2 on the normal path. In this way, the failover sub-module 490 can be used to choose to receive the normal path or the horizontal transmission optical signal from the protection path. The failover sub-module 490 can pass from the normal path via the interconnect splitters 481 and 482, the first The second eastward input terminal E8 and the second westward input terminal W2 output laterally transmit optical signals to the optical path switching sub-module 460, or selectively freely pass the interconnection splitters 483, 484 and the fourth eastward protection input terminal E12 on the free protection path And the fourth westward protection input terminal W6 outputs a horizontal transmission optical signal to the optical path switching submodule 460.

As shown in the figure, the failover sub-module 490 includes a plurality of optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498. The optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498 pass through the first line (that is, the normal line) and the second line respectively (Ie: protection circuit) receiving the first horizontal transmission optical signal (transmitted through the normal line) and the second horizontal transmission optical signal (transmitted through the protection line) from the corresponding one of the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e. The first laterally transmitted optical signal and the second laterally transmitted optical signal refer to the laterally transmitted optical signal transmitted between different optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the ring grid structure R2, and corresponding to the micro The selection signal SS output by the controller (MCU) 410 outputs one of the first laterally transmitted optical signal and the second laterally transmitted optical signal to the optical path switching submodule 460. The laterally transmitted optical signal in the ring grid structure R2 will be There are further explanations in the subsequent embodiments.

Please refer to Figure 7A and Figure 7B. FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of an interconnection network between optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in a second-layer network T2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7B is a partially enlarged schematic view of FIG. 7A.

The interconnection network is mainly used to construct an optical tunnel for transmission between the optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e, so that each group in the first layer network T1 connected by the optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e can communicate with each other. Transmit optical signals. As mentioned earlier, the interconnection network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e is essentially a mesh structure. Through multiple fibers in the ribbon fiber (Ribbon Fiber), the connection of each optical switching link subsystem 400a~400e to other optical switching link subsystems is independent of each other. For example, the optical switching link subsystem 400a The connections to the other optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e are independent of the connections to the other optical switching link subsystems 400b to other optical switching link subsystems 400a, 400c, 400d, and 400e.

Due to the use of ribbon optical fibers, all optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are connected in a ring structure in appearance, which can simplify the wiring complexity. In addition, because of this mesh network architecture, data transmission between different pairs of optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e can be transmitted simultaneously using the same wavelength combination without collision, highlighting the characteristic of wavelength reusability.

Please match Figure 4 and Figure 6 to better understand the interconnection network between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e shown in Figures 7A and 7B.

As shown in FIG. 7A, under normal circumstances, the optical switching link subsystem 400a will transmit and receive optical signals to/from the optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400c and to/from the west by normal paths. The node's optical switching link subsystems 400d and 400e. In accordance with the design of the internal interconnection circuit module 480 shown in FIG. 6, when the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e are interconnected via optical fibers, the optical switching link subsystem 400a interconnects the middle to the output ends E1 to E6 3. The optical paths of the eastward input terminals E7~E12 will be connected by optical fibers and correspond to the optical paths of the westward input terminals W1~W6, westward output terminals W7~W12 of the next optical switching link subsystem 400b interconnection circuit, and so on .

In addition, due to the interconnection structure of the optical switching link subsystems 400a~400e, they can use the same wavelength combination (λ5, λ6, λ7, λ8) to transmit optical signals to each other without collision, and have the characteristics of wavelength reusability . As shown in the figure, the optical switching link subsystem 400a can transmit optical signals to the optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e with wavelength combinations λ5, λ6, λ7, and λ8, respectively. The optical switching link subsystem 400b can also transmit optical signals to the optical switching link subsystems 400c to 400e, 400a with wavelength combinations λ5, λ6, λ7, and λ8, respectively, without causing collision. Similarly, the same wavelength combination λ5, λ6, λ7, λ8 can also be reused in other optical switching link subsystems 400c~400e to transmit optical signals between other optical switching link subsystems, the content of which is not repeated here. .

In the example shown in FIG. 7A, the path RTa represents the optical signal SigA from the group P2 in the first-layer network T1 at the wavelength λ5 from the optical switching link subsystem 400a through the normal path to the first node (optical Exchange link subsystem 400b). During the transmission process, the 6x4 wavelength selection switch (ie: optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400a will select the optical signal SigA from the group P2 to transmit to the east and pass the 1x2 in the internal interconnection line. The interconnect splitter 486 replicates and splits the light in the normal direction (ie, east) to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400b). When the optical signal SigA enters the internal interconnection line of the destination optical switching link subsystem 400b, it will be copied and split through the 1x2 interconnect splitter 481 to the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400b. The failover sub-module 490 allows the optical signal on the normal path to pass through and be transmitted to the 6x4 wavelength selective switch (that is, the optical path switching sub-module 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400b for wavelength selection and reception. The specific transmission details of the optical signal are shown in Figure 7B, and will not be repeated here.

On the other hand, the path RTb represents the optical signal SigB from the group P1 in the first-layer network T1 at the wavelength λ7 from the optical switching link subsystem 400a to the second node on the west side (optical switching link subsystem 400d) through the normal path . In the transmission process, the 6x4 wavelength selective switch (ie: optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400a will select the optical signal SigB from the group P1 to transmit to the west and pass through the internal interconnection line. The 1x2 interconnect splitter 485 replicates and splits the light to the normal direction (west side) and transmits it to the next node (optical switch link subsystem 400e).

When the optical signal SigB enters the internal interconnection line of the optical switching link subsystem 400e, it will be copied and split through the 1x2 interconnect splitter 482 to the west to continue to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400d). When the optical signal SigB enters the interconnection circuit inside the destination optical switching link subsystem 400d, it will be directly transmitted to the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400d. The optical signal on the normal path passes through and transmits to the 6x4 wavelength selection switch (ie: optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400d to perform wavelength selection and reception.

Please refer to Figure 8A. FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the protection circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8A, it is assumed that the ribbon fiber between the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the optical switching link subsystem 400e is disconnected, so that the optical switching link subsystem 400a cannot transmit the optical signal SigC to the west through the normal path to the optical switch The link subsystem 400e cannot transmit optical signals to the optical switch link subsystem 400d. At this time, the failover sub-module 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400e detects that the light intensity from the first optical switching link subsystem 400a in the east suddenly becomes weak, and automatically switches the connection to the protection path RTc.

In fact, if the ribbon fiber between the optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400e is disconnected, it will also affect the signal transmission of other optical switching link subsystems.

表二.OSIS光訊號接收狀態In this example, the status of each optical switching link subsystem 400a~400e receiving optical signals from the other two optical switching link subsystems on the east/west is shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2. OSIS optical signal reception status

In Table 2, the symbol O indicates that the optical signal can be received through the normal path, and the symbol X indicates that the optical signal cannot be received through the normal path. The connection must be switched to the protection path through the failover submodule 490 to receive the optical signal. Therefore, only the optical switching link subsystem 400c is not affected by the ribbon fiber disconnection, and part of the receiving path of other optical switching link subsystems will be affected by the ribbon fiber disconnection, and the connection needs to be connected through the failover submodule 490 Switch to the protection path.

In fact, under normal circumstances, the optical signal SigC will be copied into two lights through the interconnect splitter 485 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and sent to the normal path (ie: the first horizontal transmission optical signal to the west) and protection The path (ie, the path RTc of the second horizontally transmitting optical signal to the east). When the optical signal SigC is transmitted to the east through the protection path, it will pass through two nodes (optical switching link subsystems 400b, 400c) without passing through its internal interconnect splitter, and then transmitted to the optical switching link subsystem 400d . When the optical signal SigC enters the internal interconnection circuit of the optical switching link subsystem 400d, it will be copied and split through the 1x2 interconnect splitter 483 to the east to continue to the next node (optical switching link subsystem 400e).

Finally, when the optical signal SigC enters the internal interconnection line of the destination optical switching link subsystem 400e, it is directly transmitted to the failover submodule 490 of the optical switching link subsystem 400e. At this time, the failover submodule 490 has switched to the protection path, so the optical signal SigC will pass through and transmit to the 6x4 wavelength selection switch (ie: optical path switching submodule 460) of the optical switching link subsystem 400e for wavelength selection And receive.

In this way, the optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498 in the failover submodule 490 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a can pass from the corresponding one of the remaining optical switching link subsystems 400b to 400e respectively. The line receives the first horizontal transmission optical signal, receives the second horizontal transmission optical signal through the protection line, and outputs one of the first horizontal transmission optical signal and the second horizontal transmission optical signal to the optical path switching submodule corresponding to the selection signal SS 460. In this way, when the normal line is disconnected or other faults cause the first horizontally transmitted optical signal to disappear or the signal strength decreases, the corresponding optical switch 492, 494, 496, 498 can perform switching to the protection path. 2. Transmit optical signals horizontally for signal transmission.

Please refer to Figure 6 again. As shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498, the failover sub-module 490 is further equipped with four photodetectors (tap photodetector, tap PD) 491, 493, 495, and 497. . As described in the previous paragraph, the 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498 are used to receive the optical signals from the normal path (solid line) and the protection path (dashed line) of the two optical switching link subsystems in the east and west, respectively.

As shown in the figure, the optical signal entering the normal path and protection path of the same 2x1 optical switch 492, 494, 496, 498 is to use the interconnection splitter 485, 486 to copy and split the light at the source end and each is opposite from the normal direction The direction is transmitted, so the content of the information contained in the two optical signals is the same. The default switching setting of each 2x1 optical switch 492, 494, 496, 498 is to let the optical signal of the normal path pass.

In addition, in some embodiments, the function of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, 497 is to convert about 2% of the input optical signal (optical input power) to the corresponding current value, and then through an analog-to-digital converter (Analog- to-Digital Converter) board is converted to the corresponding voltage value, so that the optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498 are switched according to the voltage value.

For example, when the voltage value is lower than a critical value (ie: disconnection or poor signal is detected), the microcontroller (Micro-controller unit, MCU) 410 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a outputs a signal SS switches the corresponding 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498 to allow the optical signals of the protection path to pass. In this way, the microcontroller 410 can be used to output the selection signal SS to the failover submodule 490 when the signal strength of the first laterally transmitted optical signal is less than the threshold value to control the failover submodule 490 to output the second laterally transmitted light Signal.

Specifically, there are two different ways for the microcontroller 410 to determine and when to initiate optical path switching. First, the first judgment mechanism is a polling (Polling) mechanism. Please refer to Figure 8B. FIG. 8B is a flowchart of the judgment method 800 of the microcontroller 410 in the polling mechanism. In the polling mechanism, the microcontroller 410 will always actively monitor the voltage status of each of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497. If a wire break is found, the optical switch will be switched. In some embodiments, the microcontroller 410 can execute a driver program to perform the corresponding operation of the determination method 800.

As shown in FIG. 8B, the determination method 800 includes steps S810 to S840. First, in step S810, the voltage values of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497 are sequentially read using a driver on the microcontroller 410. Next, in step S820, the magnitudes of the voltage values read by the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497 are compared with their predetermined threshold values, respectively.

When the voltage value is greater than the critical value, step S830 is executed and waits for an interval (for example: 5 seconds), and steps S810~S830 are repeated repeatedly.

When the voltage value is less than the critical value, step S840 is executed to execute the abnormality processing program. Step S840 further includes steps S841-S845. First, in step S841, the number of abnormalities is determined according to the system record of the system firmware. In other words, the driver can determine whether the abnormality was detected for the first time or the second time.

When the driver first detects that the voltage value of one of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, 497 is less than the preset threshold, the corresponding normal receiving path will be regarded as a fault condition, And execute steps S842, S843. In step S842, the microcontroller 410 outputs a selection signal SS to switch the corresponding 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498, so that the optical signal of the backup protection path passes. In step S843, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal to notify the system firmware that one of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497 has an abnormal condition for the first time.

When the driver detects that the voltage value of one of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, 497 is continuously less than the set threshold value for the second time, the microcontroller 410 will no longer respond to the corresponding 2x1 optical switches 492, 494 , 496, 498 to switch, and execute steps S844, S845. In step S844, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal to notify the system firmware that one of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, 497 has experienced a second abnormality. Next, in step S845, the microcontroller 410 stops polling the abnormal spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497 to read the status.

After the ribbon fiber is repaired, the system firmware will notify the driver to perform the recovery action to switch all 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, and 498 back to their original normal paths. It is worth noting that in the judgment method 800, because the microcontroller 410 continuously inquires the voltage status and judges whether to disconnect, it consumes part of the computing resources of the microcontroller 410.

On the other hand, the second judgment mechanism is an interrupt (Interrupt) mechanism. Under the interruption mechanism, the microcontroller 410 usually does not always monitor the state of the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, 497, but when a disconnection occurs, the microcontroller 410 is interrupted to confirm the spectroscopic detector 491, The state of 493, 495, 497 and the corresponding 2x1 optical switch 492, 494, 496, 498 path switching.

Please refer to Figure 8C, Figure 8D. 8C and 8D are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of the microcontroller 410 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure to execute the interrupt mechanism. As shown in FIG. 8C, the spectroscopic detectors 491, 493, 495, and 497 include interrupt pins ITR1 to ITR4 connected to the microcontroller 410, respectively. Taking the spectroscopic detector 491 as an example, when the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 is less than the threshold value for the first time, its corresponding interrupt pins ITR1~ITR4 will be triggered and output a trigger signal TS1 to notify the microcontroller 410. When receiving the trigger signal TS1, the microcontroller 410 executes a corresponding driver program to perform operations similar to the determination method 800.

Specifically, at this time, the microcontroller 410 will first read the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 to confirm that it is less than the critical value. When the voltage value is less than the critical value, the microcontroller 410 determines the number of abnormalities according to the system record of the system firmware FW.

When the microcontroller 410 confirms for the first time that the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 is less than the preset threshold value, the normal receiving path will be regarded as a fault condition, and steps S842 and S843 are executed. In step S842, the microcontroller 410 outputs the selection signal SS to switch the corresponding 2x1 optical switch 492 to pass the spare protection path optical signal. In step S843, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal NS1 to notify the system firmware FW that the spectroscopic detector 491 is currently experiencing the first abnormality.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8D, when the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 is less than the threshold value for the second time, the interrupt pin ITR1 will be triggered again and output a trigger signal TS2 to notify the microcontroller 410. At this time, the microcontroller 410 will read the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 again to confirm that it is less than the critical value.

When the microcontroller 410 detects for the second time that the voltage value of the spectroscopic detector 491 continues to be less than the set threshold value, the microcontroller 410 will no longer switch the 2x1 optical switch 492 and execute step S844. In step S844, the microcontroller 410 outputs an abnormality notification signal NS2 to notify the system firmware FW that the spectroscopic detector 491 has experienced a second abnormality.

Similarly, after the ribbon fiber is repaired, the system firmware FW will notify the microcontroller 410 and perform a recovery action through the driver to switch all 2x1 optical switches 492, 494, 496, 498 back to their original normal path.

In summary, through the polling mechanism shown in FIG. 8B or the interrupt mechanism shown in FIGS. 8C and 8D, the microcontroller 410 can control the failover sub-module 490 to selectively The optical signal is transmitted from the normal path or the protection path to realize the design of the interconnection protection path between the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the layer 2 network T2.

In this way, when a ribbon fiber is disconnected in the second layer network T2, the optical signal can still be transmitted to the destination optical switching link subsystem 400a~400e through the protection path, so that the optical signal transmission will not be affected .

Please refer to Figure 9. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an inter-Pod optical tunnel path according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the rack 900c in the group P1 wants to transmit optical signals to the racks 900a, 900b in another group P2. The software-defined network controller 500 can be used to establish two inter-Pod optical tunnels. Specifically, the optical tunnel includes the transmission path of the optical signal and the wavelength of the selected optical signal. The optical tunnel between rack 900c and rack 900a arrives at rack 900a through rack 900c via set-top switch TORc, optical plug fetching subsystem 200c, optical switching link subsystem 400a, optical plug fetching subsystem 200a, and set-top switch ToRa Path RP1, and select the optical tunnel formed by using the wavelength λ5 to transmit optical signals.

On the other hand, the optical tunnel between rack 900c and rack 900b is through rack 900c via set-top switch TORc, optical plug extraction subsystem 200c, optical switching link subsystem 400a, switching link subsystem 400b, optical plug extraction The system 200b, the set-top switch ToRb reaches the path RP2 of the rack 900b, and selects the optical tunnel formed by using the wavelength λ6 to transmit optical signals.

In order to establish these two optical tunnels, the 6x4 wavelength selection switches (ie: optical path switching sub-module 460) in the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a to 200c and the optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400b must be set to select specific wavelengths by.

Please refer to Figure 10A and Figure 10B. 10A and 10B are schematic diagrams of the installation of the optical path switching submodule 460 in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the optical switching link subsystem 400b, respectively. As shown in FIG. 10A, the path RP1 only needs to set a 1x1 wavelength selective switch 464n in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and a 2x1 wavelength selective switch WSS21 in the second transmission module 220 of the destination optical plug extraction subsystem 200a A corresponding 1x1 wavelength selection switch can establish an optical tunnel.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the path RP2 needs to set the 1x1 wavelength selective switch 464a in the optical switching link subsystem 400a and the 1x1 wavelength selective switch 464g in the optical switching link subsystem 400b And a 1x1 wavelength selective switch corresponding to the 2x1 wavelength selective switch WSS11 in the first transmission module 210 of the destination optical plug fetching subsystem 200b can establish an optical tunnel.

In this way, in the transmission process, first of all, the optical signals with wavelengths λ5 and λ6 are transmitted to the first DOPDM optical transceiver 200c through the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module on the ToRc access port of the top switch on the rack 900c The add port corresponding to the transmission module 210 is integrated into a fiber with the multiplexer 212, and then copied and split through the 2x2 first optical splitter SP11 to the north to the corresponding add port in the optical switching link subsystem 400a And through the multiplexer BMUX1 integrated into a composite optical signal SigU1 to the optical path switching sub-module 460 transmission. At this time, λ5 and λ6 will be copied and split into 3 channels through the 1x3 input beam splitter 462e, one channel is transmitted to the east to other optical switching link subsystems, the other channel is transmitted to the west to other optical switching link subsystems, and the last channel is to the south. The optical plug fetching subsystems 200a and 200b in the ground group P2 transmit.

The optical signal transmitted to the optical pick-up subsystem 200a in the destination group P2 in the south will pass through the wavelength selection switch 464n to select the wavelength λ5, and then be copied and integrated into one by the 5x1 output light combiner 466d. Then the optical power is amplified by the optical signal amplifier 468d. And the optical signal SigD2 is copied and split by the optical splitter SPLT2 and transmitted to each optical plug fetching subsystem in the destination group P2.

As shown in FIG. 9, the optical signal transmitted to the second transmission module 220 of the optical pick-up subsystem 200a passes through the corresponding 1x1 wavelength received in the 2x1 wavelength selective switch (see the wavelength selective switch WSS21 in FIG. 2) The selection switch selects the wavelength λ5 to pass through and transmits it to the demultiplexer 226, and the wavelength λ5 will be demultiplexed from the second transmission module 220 of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a (see the second transmission in FIG. 2) The fifth de-multiplexer 226) of the module 220 is transmitted to the receiving end of the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module on the ToRa access port of the top switch on the rack 900a to complete the rack 900c to rack 900a Optical signal transmission.

On the other hand, the optical signal transmitted to the east will pass the wavelength selection switch 464a to select the wavelength λ6, and then it will be copied and integrated by the 2x1 output combiner 466a, and then the optical power will be amplified by the optical signal amplifier 468a to do In order to synthesize the optical signal SigE0, it is transmitted to the east by the interconnection line 480 between the optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400b to the optical switching link subsystem 400b.

As shown in FIG. 10B, after the optical signal is transmitted to the optical path switching submodule 460 in the optical switching link subsystem 400b, the optical signal with the wavelength λ6 will be copied and split into two channels through the 1x2 input optical splitter 462c, and one optical signal It is transmitted to each optical plug pickup subsystem in the destination group P2 on the south side, and another optical signal is transmitted to each optical plug pickup subsystem in another group on the south side.

The optical signal transmitted to the southern destination group P2 will pass through the optical signal of the wavelength λ6 selected by the 1x1 wavelength selection switch 464g, and then copied and integrated into an optical signal by the 5x1 output light combiner 466c, and then passed through the optical signal amplifier 468c amplifies the optical power as the composite optical signal SigD1, and the optical splitter SPLT1 replicates and splits the composite optical signal SigD1 to each optical plug-out subsystem in the destination group P2.

The optical signal transmitted to the first transmission module 210 of the optical pick-up subsystem 200b will pass through the 2x1 wavelength selection switch (see the wavelength selection switch WSS11 in FIG. 2) corresponding to the received 1x1 wavelength selection switch selection wavelength λ6 The optical signal of is passed through and transmitted to the demultiplexer 216, and the optical signal of the wavelength λ6 is taken from the sixth of the demultiplexer (see the demultiplexer 216 of the first transmission module 210 in FIG. 2) The lower port transmits to the receiving end of the corresponding DWDM optical transceiver module on the top and bottom switch ToRb port of the rack 900b to complete the transmission of the optical signal from the rack 900c to the rack 900b.

In addition, it is worth noting that, in addition to the protection paths of the optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in the second-layer network T2, the optical plugs in the same group P1 in the first-layer network T1 are taken. Between the systems 200a~200e, and between the first-layer network T1 and the second-layer network T2, path protection can also be achieved through independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2. When the optical fiber is disconnected or the optical fiber connector is damaged, the protection path can be used to transmit the optical signal to ensure that the system will not cause the entire optical tunnel network to be disconnected due to the optical fiber being disconnected. For ease of explanation, please refer to Figure 11A. FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the protection path design of the group P1 of the first-layer network T1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 11A, since each group P1 in the first-layer network T1 includes multiple independent transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2, when one of the rings (such as transmission ring Ring1) is disconnected, it can pass through The other transmission ring Ring2 is used for optical signal transmission to achieve the purpose of protecting the path. In addition, since the optical fibers of the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are independently separated, the probability of simultaneous disconnection of two independent optical fibers is very low.

In this embodiment, when the optical fiber corresponding to the transmission ring Ring1 of each first transmission module 210 in the group P1 is disconnected, it may cause part of the first transmission module 210 of the optical plugging subsystem to go The optical signal is transmitted to other optical plug fetching subsystems, for example, the first transmission module 210 of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a cannot transmit optical signals to the other optical plug fetching subsystems 200b~200e in the same group P1. At this time, the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e that cannot transmit optical signals through the transmission ring Ring1 can be set by software-defined network controller 500 to set the corresponding set-top switch ToR and the wavelength selection switch to be passed on the path to make the optical signal Through the second transmission module 220, the transmission ring Ring 2 is used to transmit the optical signal to the other optical plug fetching subsystems 200a~200e.

In addition, in fact, when a disconnection occurs on the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 at the same time, the location of the disconnection meets certain conditions, and it is also possible to reset the wavelength of each optical plug-in subsystem in the group through software-defined network controller 500 Selecting switches WSS11, WSS12, WSS21, WSS22, and each set-top switch ToR in the group enables all the optical plugging subsystems 200a~200e to communicate with each other.

Please refer to Figure 11B. FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of the protection path design of the group P1 of the first-layer network T1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11B, when the transmission ring Ring1 and Ring2 are disconnected, they are located at the same connection point (that is, between the optical plug fetching subsystems 200a and 200b), and there is only one connection point in a group P1 When the two transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are disconnected at the same time, the affected optical plug access subsystems 200a~200e can be reset by the software-defined network controller 500 to reset the set-top switch ToR and the wavelength selection switch that must pass through the path. Therefore, the affected optical plug extraction subsystem can communicate with other optical plug extraction subsystems 200a to 200e. Taking the optical plug access subsystems 200a and 200b as an example, when the transmission ring Ring1 is disconnected, for the optical plug access subsystem 200a, the software-defined network controller 500 can set the set-top switch ToR and the wavelength selective switching that must pass through the path The optical signal is selected to transmit the optical signal to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b using the transmission ring Ring2 eastward at the wavelength of the second transmission module 220a. On the other hand, for the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b, the software-defined network controller 500 can set the set-top switch ToR and the wavelength selection switch to be passed on the path, so that the optical signal is selected to go west with the wavelength of the first transmission module 210b The transmission ring Ring1 is used to transmit the optical signal to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a, and so on.

In other words, the SDN controller 500 can be used to set the set-top switch ToR and the wavelength-selecting switch to be passed on the path when the optical path from the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b on the transmission ring Ring1 is broken. In order to establish an optical tunnel from the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b on the transmission ring Ring2 through the second transmission modules 220a~220e. In some embodiments, the software-defined network controller 500 can also be used to set the top switch ToR and the path when the optical path from the optical plug fetching subsystem 200b to the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a on the transmission ring Ring 2 is broken. The wavelength selection switch that must pass through is used to establish an optical tunnel from the optical plug extraction subsystem 200b to the optical plug extraction subsystem 200a of the transmission ring Ring1 through the first transmission modules 210a to 210e.

Please refer to Figure 12. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a protection path design between a first-layer network T1 and a second-layer network T2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As described in the previous paragraph, each optical plug-in extraction subsystem 200a-200e will be connected to two adjacent optical switching connection subsystems 400a-400e in the second-layer network T2 through optical fibers. For example, the first transmission module 210c and the second transmission module 220c of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200c each have a pair of optical fibers connected to two adjacent optical switching link subsystems 400a and 400e, respectively. Therefore, when the optical fiber connected to the optical switching link subsystem 400a is disconnected, the optical switching link subsystem 200c can use another optical path to transmit optical signals to another optical switching link subsystem 400e, and then It is then transferred to the destination optical switching link subsystem 400a to achieve another protection path.

Taking FIG. 12 as an example, similar to the embodiment of FIG. 9, in this example, the rack 900c in the group P1 wants to transmit optical signals to the rack 900a in another group P2. Assuming that the first transmission module 210c of the optical plug access subsystem 200c is connected to an optical switching link subsystem 400a, the optical fiber is disconnected, then the software can define the network controller to set the top switch ToRc to change the setting selection to the second transmission The wavelength of the module 220c transmits the optical signal to another optical switching link subsystem 400e, and then transfers it to the destination optical plug extraction subsystem 200a. As shown by path RP3 in the figure, in some cases, the optical signal may first be transferred from the optical switching link subsystem 400e to another optical switching link subsystem 400a, and then from the optical switching link subsystem 400a to the destination optical Plug the subsystem 200a. The specific end-to-end transmission details are described in detail in the previous paragraphs, so they will not be repeated here.

In other words, the software-defined network controller 500 can be used to set the top switch ToRc to create the optical plug-in subsystem 200c to the optical when the optical path from the optical plug-in subsystem 200c to the optical switching link subsystem 400a is disconnected. Switch the optical tunnel of link subsystem 400e (eg, path RP3). Similarly, the software-defined network controller 500 can also be used to set up the top switch ToRc to create the optical plug-out subsystem 200c to the optical plug-out subsystem 200c to the optical switch link subsystem 400e when the optical path is broken. The optical tunnel of the optical switching link subsystem 400a.

In this way, whether the optical fiber inside the first layer network T1 is disconnected, the optical fiber inside the second layer network T2 is disconnected, or between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 The vertical transmission fiber is disconnected, and the optical tunnel network system 100 can intelligently define optical tunnels through redundant paths to realize signal transmission between various optical nodes to achieve data between different servers in different racks. transmission.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each wavelength selective switch may be implemented by an array design composed of one or more 1x1 (1 in 1 out) wavelength blockers (Wavelength Blocker, WB). The wavelength blocker can use Digital Light Processor (DLP) technology to improve the switching speed. In some embodiments, the array switching time is only about 100 microseconds (microseconds, μs), so it has faster and real-time all-optical data center network switching capabilities.

In summary, in various embodiments of the present case, a new network architecture is proposed, so that the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 can reuse the same wavelength to save wavelength resources. In addition, the first layer network T1 adopts a ring architecture design, which can arbitrarily expand the number of optical nodes in a single group without replacing the internal architecture, and can also expand the number of transmission rings within the same group. . It has better scalability and can achieve more flexible and progressive architecture deployment. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first-tier network T1 includes four groups P1~P4, but this disclosure is not limited to this. If the overall system needs to accommodate more racks The exchange of information between them can increase the number of groups without changing the overall network structure. For example, a fifth group can be added, or a sixth group can be further added, and so on. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the number of optical nodes included in the group P1 is five, such as five optical plug access subsystems 200a to 200e, but this disclosure is not limited to this, if the overall system Need to accommodate more exchange of information between racks, one or more optical nodes can be added to a local group (or all groups) without changing the overall network architecture, for example, when there is a need for expansion At this time, the group P1 can further include a new optical node, including a total of six optical nodes, and the groups P2~P4 can maintain five optical nodes. If there is a new expansion requirement, they can be included in other groups ( For example, group P2) adds new optical nodes, and so on, so as to achieve a progressive architecture deployment.

On the other hand, the optical switching circuit in the second layer network T2 is simplified, and a protection path is designed between each fiber transmission, whether it is in the first layer network T1, the second layer network T2, or The optical fiber between the first layer network T1 and the second layer network T2 is disconnected, and the optical tunnel network system 100 can intelligently define that optical signals can be transmitted through the protection path.

In this way, the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 with low latency, high frequency bandwidth, and low energy consumption can be realized, and reliability, scalability, wavelength reuse, and wiring complexity are reduced. In addition, based on the data rate transparency characteristic of the optical transmission system, the optical tunnel network can carry optical signals of any transmission rate within a certain range without changing the optical element design. Therefore, when upgrading the system, the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 only needs to replace the 10G DWDM optical transceiver module with a 100G DWDM optical transceiver module to upgrade the wavelength transmission rate from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit /s, which greatly increases the flexible deployment of the system transmission rate and saves a lot of hardware equipment upgrade costs.

Please refer to Figure 13. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a smart-definition optical tunnel network system 100 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 13, the smart-defined optical tunnel network system 100 further includes a software-defined network controller (Software-Defined Networking Controller, SDN controller) 500. In operation, the software-defined network controller 500 sends commands to the optical switch (eg, optical switch connection subsystem 400a, optical plug access subsystem 200) and the set-top switch ToR.

In some embodiments, the software-defined network controller 500 may be an integrated circuit such as a micro controller, a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), Special Application Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), Field-programmable gate array (FPGA), logic circuit or electronic computer , For calculation or data processing.

Structurally, the software-defined network controller 500 is coupled to the optical switching link subsystem, the optical plug fetching subsystem and the set-top switch, as shown in the figure, the optical switching link subsystem 400a, the optical plug fetching subsystem 200 and the set-top Switch TOR. To facilitate understanding and simplify the description, the software defines the coupling relationship between the network controller 500 and some components is not shown in FIG. 13. Specifically, the software-defined network controller 500 can couple all optical switching link subsystems, optical plug access subsystems, and set-top switches via an ethernet cable. In addition, in the descriptions and drawings of the following embodiments, for convenience of description, if the optical switching link subsystem OSIS is used, it represents any unspecified optical switching link subsystem. If the optical plug access subsystem OADS is used, Represents any unspecified optical plug access subsystem OADS. For example, the optical switching link subsystem OSIS may be any one of the optical plug and pick-up subsystems in the five optical switching link subsystems 400a to 400e in FIG. 1. The optical plug extraction subsystem OADS may be any one of the 25 optical plug extraction subsystems 200 in FIG. 1.

Please refer to Figure 14. FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of a software-defined network controller 500 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the software-defined network controller 500 includes an optical tunnel scheduling module (Tunnel Scheduler) 520, a configuration management module (Configuration Manager) 540, and a bandwidth usage monitoring module (Bandwidth Usage Monitor) 560 , Topology Transformer (Topology Transformer) 580 and shared database (Shared Memory) 590. The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 includes a pre-allocation module (Pre-allocation Module) 522 and a dynamic allocation submodule (Dynamic Allocation) 524. The configuration management module 540 includes an optical node configuration submodule (Optical Node CM) 542 and a top switch configuration submodule (ToR Switch CM) 544. The bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 includes a statistics processor (Statistics Handler) 562 and a wavelength usage processor (Wavelength Usage Handler) 564.

Structurally, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is coupled to the configuration management module 540, the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560, and the shared database 590. The bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 is coupled to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 and the shared database 590. The topology conversion module 580 is coupled to the shared database 590. In one embodiment, the configuration management module 540 and the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 include executable software logic instructions that are loaded into the processing circuit (eg, processing) in the software-defined network controller 500 Controller, control unit or system single chip) and executed by the above processing circuit. The processing circuit for executing the configuration management module 540 is coupled to the optical switching link subsystem OSIS, the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS, and the set-top switch ToR. The processing circuit for executing the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 is coupled to the set-top switch ToR. The configuration management module 540 and the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 can be executed by the same or different processing circuits.

In operation, the topology conversion module 580 is used to calculate a routing path table T_Rout based on the topology data, and store the routing path table T_Rout and the topology data in the shared database 590. The topology information includes the number and distribution of optical nodes. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the intelligently-defined optical tunnel network system 100 includes at least 30 optical nodes, respectively 5 optical switching link subsystems OSIS and 25 optical plugging subsystems OADS. The routing path table T_Rout contains a plurality of routing paths from any one of the optical plug fetching subsystems OADS to any other. Among them, a routing path is a transmission path of optical signals in an optical tunnel, such as the path RP1 in FIG. 9. In other words, the routing path table T_Rout contains all routing paths that may exist between any optical plug fetching subsystem in the optical tunnel network system 100 and all other optical plug fetching subsystems. The routing path table T_Rout will be described in subsequent paragraphs.

The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is used to plan and build an optical tunnel network according to the routing path table T_Rout, and transmit control commands CC to the configuration management mode according to the planned routing path and wavelength information of the optical tunnel in the built optical tunnel network Group 540. The configuration management module 540 is used to output the control signal CS to the optical switch (optical switching link subsystem OSIS, optical plug access subsystem OADS) and the set-top switch ToR according to the control command CC. The bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 is used to receive the data flow statistical data DATA_stat of the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 from the set-top switch ToR, and calculate the optical tunnel bandwidth utilization rate according to the data flow statistical data DATA_stat. If the optical tunnel bandwidth usage exceeds the preset interval (ie, the optical tunnel bandwidth usage is too high or too low), the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 is used to send bandwidth load notification to the alarm to the optical tunnel scheduling mode Group 520. The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is further used to re-plan the optical tunnel network to adjust the control command CC according to the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate and the optical tunnel bandwidth load notification.

In addition, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is further used to store the optical tunnel network data to the shared database 590 and/or read the optical tunnel network data from the shared database 590. The optical tunnel network data includes a plurality of optical tunnels. Each of these optical tunnels contains a routing path and a wavelength. In other words, the optical tunnel network data includes the entire intelligently defined routing path and wavelength used by the optical tunnel in the optical tunnel network system 100, and the optical tunnel through which the data flow passes. The optical tunnel network data is used to set up the optical tunnels through which the data flow passes. Specifically, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 stores the optical tunnel network data to the shared database 590 through the write command W_tun. The optical tunnel scheduling module 520 reads the optical tunnel network data from the shared database 590 through the read command R_tun. The bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 is also used to store the data flow statistics DATA_stat and optical tunnel bandwidth usage to the shared database 590 and/or read the data flow statistics DATA_stat and optical tunnel network from the shared database 590 data. Specifically, the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 stores the data flow statistics DATA_stat in the shared database 590 through the write command W_stat, and writes the optical tunnel bandwidth usage in the shared database 590 through the write command W_use. The bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 reads the data flow statistics DATA_stat from the shared database 590 through the read command R_stat, and obtains the optical tunnel network data through the read command R_tun.

For detailed operation of the optical tunnel scheduling module 520, please refer to FIGS. 15A and 15B. 15A and 15B are detailed functional block diagrams of the software-defined network controller 500 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15A, when the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 is initialized, the pre-allocated submodule 522 in the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is used to plan the initial preset optical tunnel network according to the routing path table T_Rout . The planned initial preset optical tunnel network includes multiple optical tunnels. Multiple sets of optical tunnels include multiple sets of routing paths and wavelengths. Next, the pre-assigned sub-module 522 sends the optical node control command CC_opt to the optical node setting sub-module 542 according to the planned initial preset optical tunnel network, and receives the optical node setting sub-module 542 to return the successfully built Reply message. Then, the pre-assigned sub-module 522 transmits the set-top switch control command CC_ToR to the set-top switch setting sub-module 544 according to the planned routing path and wavelength of the optical tunnel. In addition, after the optical tunnel is built, the pre-assigned sub-module 522 stores the optical tunnel network data in the shared database 590 through the write command W_tun.

For example, please refer to Figure 16. Figure 16 is one of the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS(x) and other optical plug fetching subsystems OADS(x+1)～OADS(x+24) in the optical tunnel network established by pre-allocating the submodule 522 Schematic diagram of the light tunnel between. In this embodiment, one group (Pod) includes five optical plugging subsystems (for example, group P1 includes OADSx, OADSx+1, OADSx+2, OADSx+3, OADSx+4). The intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 has a total of 5 groups P1 to P5. Each optical plugging subsystem OADS uses 8 different wavelengths and 8 corresponding paths to establish 8 optical tunnels. As shown in Figure 16, the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x) uses eight wavelengths b1, b2, r3, r4, b5, b6, r7, r8 to establish eight optical tunnels. It is worth noting that the source and destination of each optical tunnel use the same independent ring network (such as the first transmission ring Ring1 or the second transmission ring Ring2 in Figure 3A). In this embodiment, for convenience of description, only two transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 are used as examples, but the number is not limited thereto. The wavelengths of the first frequency band in the transmission ring Ring1 all start with b, for example: b1~b8, and the wavelengths of the second frequency band in the transmission ring Ring2 start with r, for example: r1~r8. In addition, in the description and drawings of this embodiment, for the convenience of explanation, if a certain element number or signal number is used without indicating the numerical index of the element number or signal number, it represents the element number or signal number It refers to any unspecified element or signal in the element group or signal group to which it belongs. For example, the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x) can be any of the 25 optical plug extraction subsystems, and OADS(x+5) is used to indicate the optical plug extraction subsystem OADSx and the optical plug in the first group on the east side. The extraction subsystem OADS(x) uses the optical plug extraction subsystem of the same wavelength. OADS(x+10) represents the optical plug extraction subsystem OADSx. The second group in the east of the optical plug extraction subsystem uses the same wavelength as the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x). Optical plug-in subsystem. By analogy, OADS (x+20) means that the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x) uses the same wavelength optical plug as the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x) in the fourth (ie, the first) group on the east side. Take the subsystem.

表三One way to establish intra-Pod optical tunnels for pre-assigned submodules 522 is to allocate four different wavelengths to the optical plug-out subsystem (eg: OADS(x)) to establish the same group The optical tunnels of the other 4 optical plugging subsystems (such as OADS(x+1)～OADS(x+4)) in the group (such as P1). For example, the wavelength b1 is used in the optical tunnel to the first optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x+4) to the west of the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x), and the wavelength b2 is used in the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x) ) To the west of the second optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (x+3) optical tunnel, wavelength r3 is used to the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (x) east of the first optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (x+1 ), the wavelength r4 is used in the optical tunnel to the second optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x+2) east of the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x). One way to establish an inter-Pod optical tunnel for the pre-assigned sub-module 522 is to allocate another 4 different wavelengths to the optical plug extraction subsystem (such as OADS(x)) to establish different groups (Such as P2 ~ P5) optical tunnels of the other four optical plug extraction subsystems (such as OADS(x+5), OADS(x+10), OADS(x+15), OADS(x+20)). For example, the wavelength r7 is used in the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x+5) of the first group to the east of the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x), and the wavelength r8 is used in the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x ) Of the second group of optical plug extraction subsystems OADS(x+10) in the east, wavelength b6 is used to the third (or second) group of optical plug extraction subsystems OADS(x) in the east Optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x+15), wavelength b5 is used to the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x+) of the fourth group (or the first in the west) to the east of the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS(x) 20). The wavelengths used by all optical tunnels created by the pre-assigned sub-module 522 starting from the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS(x) are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

In the embodiment of FIG. 17, the optical plug fetch subsystem OADS1 when x is 1 is taken as an example, and the wavelengths allocated to the transmission rings Ring1 and Ring2 in FIG. 3A are explained. As shown in FIG. 3A, the first transmission module 210 of the optical plug fetching subsystem 200a uses a frequency band containing wavelengths λ1-λ8. In FIG. 17, the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS1 has a first band wavelength b1 in the transmission ring Ring1. b8 is λ1 to λ8. For another example, the second transmission module 220 of the optical plug extraction subsystem 200a in FIG. 3A uses a frequency band including the wavelength λ9-λ16, and the optical plug extraction subsystem OADS1 in FIG. 17 in the second band wavelength of the transmission ring Ring2 r1 to r8 are λ9 to λ16. In other words, the used wavelengths allocated to the eight optical tunnels established by the optical plugging subsystem OADS1 are shown in Figure 17. For the optical tunnels in the group, the optical plugging subsystem OADS1 is allocated to use λ1, λ2 , Λ11, λ12 are used to establish optical tunnels to the optical plug extraction subsystems OADS5, OADS4, OADS2 and OADS3. For the optical tunnels between groups, the optical plugging subsystem OADS1 is allocated to use λ5, λ6, λ15, λ16 respectively to establish optical tunnels to the optical plugging subsystem OADS21, OADS16, OADS6 and OADS11.

Through the above optical tunnel configuration, each optical plugging subsystem OADS will have an optical tunnel connected to any other OADS in the same group, and there will also be an optical tunnel connected to any OADS in any other group. Therefore, as long as the technology of the tunnel optical tunnel (Tunnel Relay) is reused, two optical plugging subsystems OADS that have no direct connection to the optical tunnel can be connected by relaying up to two established optical tunnels to establish Connected pipelines from all cabinets to all other cabinets. For a specific example, reference may be made to the subsequent detailed operation of the setting management module 540. The algorithm for the pre-assigned submodule 522 to be executed in detail to establish the optical tunnel network is shown in FIG. 18. In particular, the method of establishing the optical tunnel network by the pre-allocated sub-module 522 is not necessarily limited to this algorithm, which allows servers in all cabinets and all other cabinets to pass through the pre-allocated sub-module 522 It is within the scope of the present disclosure that the built-in basic optical tunnel transmits data directly or in a relay manner.

In summary, the association between the pre-assigned sub-module 522 and other main modules to exchange messages is shown in FIG. 15A. The pre-assigned sub-module 522 sends the control command CC_opt for setting up the optical tunnel network to the configuration management module 540, and waits for the reply message Reply after successful establishment, and then sends the control command CC_ToR for changing the flow table To the set-top switch setting submodule 544. Finally, all the settings for intelligently defining the optical tunnel network system 100 (eg, optical tunnel network data) are recorded in the shared database 590. As shown in FIG. 19, the operation flow S19 of the pre-allocation sub-module 522 reads the allocation method and/or strategy from the shared database 590, and then calculates all optical tunnel paths and usage according to the allocation method and/or strategy Wavelength, and finally make relevant settings for the optical switch (OSIS, optical plug connection subsystem OADS) and top switch ToR.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15B, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 in the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 is used to receive the bandwidth load notification module of the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560, and to read The command R_tun reads the optical tunnel network data from the shared database 590. The dynamic allocation submodule 524 is used to notify Alarm and the optical tunnel network data according to the bandwidth load to re-plan the optical tunnel network data deployment, adjust and send the optical node control command CC_opt according to the result of the re-planned optical tunnel network data Go to the optical node setting submodule 542, and receive the reply message Reply successfully returned by the optical node setting submodule 542. Next, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 is used to adjust and transmit the switch control command CC_ToR to the switch submodule 544 according to the re-planned optical tunnel network data. In addition, the dynamic allocation sub-module 524 is used to store the re-planned optical tunnel network data to the shared database 590 through the write command W_tun.

Specifically, the bandwidth load notification Alarm includes an overload alarm (overload alarm) and a light load notification (underload alarm). When the bandwidth load notification Alarm is an overload notification, the dynamic allocation sub-module 524 is used to calculate according to the tunnel allocation algorithm to determine the establishment of a new tunnel creation and/or shunt optical tunnel (Tunnel splitting). When the bandwidth load notification Alarm is a light load notification, the dynamic allocation submodule 524 is used to merge tunnel merging and/or remove tunnel.

When the dynamic allocation submodule 524 receives the overload notification message, it will use the optical tunnel allocation algorithm to optimize the calculation and decide to establish a new optical tunnel (tunnel creation) or use an existing optical tunnel with a lower utilization rate. The data flow in the overloaded optical tunnel performs tunnel splitting to prevent packet loss due to the overflow of the optical tunnel. For specific examples of when and how to send the bandwidth load notification Alarm, please refer to the subsequent detailed description on the detailed operation of the frequency usage monitoring module 560.

As shown in the example in FIG. 20A, the bandwidth usage rate of the optical tunnel using the wavelength λ1 and the path RP4 is overloaded (for example: 7.5 to 10 Gbps), and the distribution algorithm is at the same source end as the path RP4 (rack 900d) And establish a new optical tunnel between the destination end (rack 900e) (such as the optical tunnel using wavelength λ2 and path RP5 in Figure 20B), and use this newly established optical tunnel to use the original optical tunnel with wavelength λ1 The medium and high-load data streams are divided (a part of the data travels at the wavelength λ1 along the path RP4 (for example: 2.5 to 5Gbps), and a part at the wavelength λ2 travels the path RP5 (for example: 5 to 7.5Gbps)). This process is called optical tunnel offloading. Of course, as mentioned earlier, the allocation algorithm can also decide to find existing optical tunnels or multiple optical tunnels through relays to shunt, instead of building new optical tunnels, so there is not necessarily the operation of creating new optical tunnels. . That is to merge the split data stream into the existing optical tunnel. But the premise is that the combined optical tunnel cannot cause overload.

The detailed operation flow S21 for handling a high-load tunnel is shown in FIG. 21. When receiving the overload notification, find the optical tunnel with overloaded bandwidth usage and the data stream with the largest data traffic in the overloaded optical tunnel. According to the optical tunnel allocation algorithm, the existing available optical tunnels are searched and the data flow is directed to the found optical tunnel for shunting. If the existing optical tunnel cannot be found enough to shunt, the new optical tunnel is established and then shunted.

On the other hand, when the dynamic allocation sub-module 524 receives the light-load notification message, it will merge the data flow in the light-load optical tunnel to other existing optical tunnels (tunnel merging) and perform optical tunnel removal (tunnel removal). As shown in FIG. 22A, between the same source end (rack 900f) and destination end (rack 900g), the frequency of two optical tunnels that originally used wavelength λ1 and path RP6 and used wavelength λ2 and path RP7 Wide usage is under light load (for example: 0 ~ 2.5Gbps), dynamic allocation sub-module 524 can merge the data flows in these two optical tunnels into one of the optical tunnels, this process is called optical Tunnel merger. For example, the two optical tunnels are merged into the optical tunnel using the wavelength λ1 and the path RP6 in FIG. 22B, and the optical tunnel using the wavelength λ2 and the path RP7 is removed after the optical tunnels are merged. It should be noted that the merged path RP6 must not cause overload (for example: maintained at 2.5 ~ 5Gbps), otherwise it must find other optical tunnels to merge. Therefore, the distribution algorithm needs to consider the overall load balance of the overall optical tunnel to make the decision of optical tunnel and traffic configuration.

The detailed operation flow S23 for processing a low-load tunnel is shown in FIG. 23. After receiving the light load notification, considering the load balance of the overall optical tunnel to make the optical tunnel and traffic configuration, the optical tunnel merge and the optical tunnel removal are performed.

Figure 24 is an example of an optical tunnel allocation algorithm, which uses a simple sequential method to handle overload and light load situations, that is, when a new optical tunnel needs to be built, the first available Path and wavelength, and arrange the splitting or merging of data streams, regardless of system optimization. Therefore, the allocation algorithm is only the most basic approach. The design of the distribution algorithm will be different according to different goals, such as achieving the maximum throughput of the system, or achieving the most balanced optical tunnel load, or changing the least optical tunnel, etc. In order to achieve fast and optimized calculations, machine learning must even be introduced into the distribution algorithm. The input in this algorithm is the optical tunnel where the overload notification is located or the optical tunnel where the light-load notification is located.

Please refer to Figure 25 for detailed operation of the configuration management module 540. FIG. 25 is a detailed functional block diagram of a software-defined network controller 500 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 25, the optical node setting sub-module 542 is used to receive the optical node control command CC_opt of the optical tunnel scheduling module 520, convert it into a wavelength selection switch control signal CS_WSS according to the optical node control command CC_opt, and convert the wavelength Select the switch control signal CS_WSS to output to the optical switch (OSIS, Optical Switching Link Subsystem and OADS). Next, the optical node setting submodule 542 is used to receive the reply message Reply of the success/failure setting of the optical switch (optical switching link subsystem OSIS, optical plug fetching subsystem OADS), and return the reply message Reply to the optical tunnel Schedule module 520. In addition, as shown in FIG. 25, the set-top switch setting sub-module 544 is used to receive the switch control command CC_ToR of the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 and transmit the switch control signal CS_ToR to the set-top switch ToR.

The detailed description on how to implement the tunnel optical tunnel through the switch control command CC_ToR is as follows. An optical tunnel can directly connect two specific optical plugging subsystems OADS. The method of the relay optical tunnel is to let the optical signal pass through the first optical tunnel first, reach an optical plug and take subsystem OADS and turn into an electrical signal into the connected set-top switch ToR, and then immediately turn into an optical signal and enter the second The optical tunnel finally reaches the destination's optical plug-out subsystem OADS. Assume that the current optical tunnel network status is shown in Figure 26. There are two existing optical tunnels, and the two optical tunnels each include paths RP8 and RP9. The path RP8 is from the set-top switch ToR_1, through the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS_1, the optical switching link subsystem OSIS, and the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS_2 to the set-top switch ToR_2. The path RP9 is from the set-top switch ToR_2, through the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS_2 and the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS_3, to the set-top switch ToR_3. At this time, if the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 decides to use a relay optical tunnel to establish the transmission channel from the set-top switch ToR_1 to the set-top switch ToR_3, the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 will set the sub-module 544 through the set-top switch The switch control signal CS_ToR is sent to the set-top switch ToR to set the set-top switches ToR_1 and ToR_2. By configuring the set switches ToR_1 and ToR_2 to add appropriate flow entries, packets can be sent from the set switch ToR_1 to the set switch ToR_3 via the path RP8 and path RP9. Specifically, when the set-top switch ToR receives the packet, it will transmit the packet according to the matching flow entry in the flow table. Therefore, changing the flow entry in the flow table via the switch control signal CS_ToR can control the transmission path of the packet. To further explain, the process entry is mainly composed of a match field and an action field. The matching field is composed of one or more other fields, such as source IP, destination IP, or other OpenFlow-supported fields such as Vlan ID, etc. The action field is mainly composed of the output field, which represents from which port of the top switch the packet is sent. Therefore, if you want to use the relay optical tunnel (path RP8 and path RP9) to establish the transmission channel from the set-top switch ToR_1 to the set-top switch ToR_3, first, set the set-top switch ToR_1 so that the set-top switch ToR_1 adds a new flow entry flow entry:{Match[src: IP in ToR_1, Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action[output: port of tunnel 1]}. Next, set up the top switch ToR_2 so that the top switch ToR_2 adds the flow entry: {Match[src:IP in ToR_1, Dst:IP in ToR_3], Action[output: port of tunnel 2]}. The top switch ToR_3 already has a flow entry: {Match[Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action[output: port of server]} without additional settings. Where src represents the source IP address and Dst represents the destination IP address. Tunnel 1 is an optical tunnel using wavelength λ1 and path RP8, and tunnel 2 is an optical tunnel using wavelength λ2 and path RP9.

In this way, because after adding these flow entries, when the src in the packet received by the set-top switch ToR_1 is its own and Dst is the set-top switch ToR_3, the set-top switch ToR_1 will first check the flow table (flow table) to see if there is There are no process entries that can match the pairing. When a flow entry is found as {Match[src: IP in ToR_1, Dst: IP in ToR_3], Action[output: port of tunnel 1]} matches the match, the packet is used from the action field in the flow entry The port connected to the optical tunnel 1 of the wavelength λ1 and the path RP8 is transmitted. Because the optical tunnel has been established, the packet will reach the set-top switch ToR_2 through the optical tunnel path RP8. Similarly, when the set-top switch ToR_2 checks the process table and finds that there are matching process entries {Match[src:IP in ToR_1, Dst:IP in ToR_3], Action[output: port of tunnel 2]}, it will follow the process entry The action field in the will send the packet out of the port connected to the optical tunnel 2 using the wavelength λ2 and path RP9. After the packet reaches the set-top switch ToR_3 through the optical tunnel path RP9, the set-top switch ToR_3 finds that Dst in the packet is its own IP address, and then sends the packet to the corresponding server according to the action field in the process entry port. According to this, the packet can use the technology of the relay optical tunnel to reach the destination server without the need for additional optical tunnels.

Please refer to Figure 27 for detailed operation of the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560. FIG. 27 is a detailed functional block diagram of a software-defined network controller 500 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 27, the statistics processor 562 in the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 is used to request the set-top switch ToR to transmit data flow statistics data DATA_stat through a request message Request. Receive data flow statistics DATA_stat and calculate data flow data flow based on data flow statistics DATA_stat. Next, the statistics processor 562 is used to store the data stream data flow to the shared database 590 through the write command W_stat. In addition, after all data streams are stored, the statistics processor 562 is used to trigger the wavelength usage processor 564 in the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 through the trigger message Trigger, so that the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 starts Calculate optical tunnel bandwidth usage.

As shown in FIG. 27, the wavelength using processor 564 is used to read the data stream data flow from the shared database 590 through the read command R_stat, and the optical tunnel network data is read through the read command R_tun, and the wavelength using processor 564 It is used to calculate the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate according to the data flow data flow, and store the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate to the shared database 590 through the write command W_use. In addition, the wavelength usage processor 564 is used to determine whether the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate is too high or too low. If the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate is too high or too low, the wavelength usage processor 564 is used to send a bandwidth load notification to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 according to the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate.

For how the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 monitors the optical tunnel bandwidth usage of each optical tunnel in the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100, please refer to FIG. 28. As shown in FIG. 28, a data flow in the intelligently defined optical tunnel network system 100 includes three parts, which are indicated by different dashed lines. First, in the first part, the data stream generated from the source cabinet is first sent to the source set-top switch ToR_4, and the set-top switch ToR_4 is based on the source IP address and destination IP address of the packet in the data stream and all processes in the flow table. The matching fields of the items are compared. By using appropriate matching fields, it can be determined that packets of the same data stream will be matched to the same process entry. After matching, the data stream will be directed to the corresponding optical tunnel according to the action field of the process entry (for example, in Figure 28, the data stream will be taken from the output port of the top switch ToR_4 into the optical plug of the source end Subsystem OADS_4). At the same time that the data stream is imported, the TOR_4 will update the matched bytes in the counter field of the process entry according to the number and size of the data stream packets, that is, the data flow of the data stream . Then, in the second part, the data stream is transmitted from the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS_4 at the source end to the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS_5 at the destination through the optical tunnel. Finally, in the third part, the destination set-top switch ToR_5 receives the data stream from the optical plug fetch subsystem OADS_5. The set-top switch ToR_5 compares the process entries and sends the data flow packets to the corresponding output port (that is, the destination server) to complete the data flow transmission.

It can be known from the above data stream transmission process that all data streams are only led to the optical tunnel network through the comparison of the process items of the source-side set-top switch ToR_4. The size of the data flow is recorded in the paired bytes in the counter field of the process entry. By performing operations on the counter field in matched bytes, the data flow of the process entry can be obtained. This data flow can reflect the data flow flow sent to the optical tunnel through the process entry. With this feature, the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 collects and calculates the data flow of all process entries in each source-top switch, and compares the data flow of all process entries belonging to the same optical tunnel Plus, in this way, the bandwidth usage of any optical tunnel can be calculated.

In other words, the statistics processor 562 in the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 periodically obtains OpenFlow data flow statistics from the set-top switch ToR, and calculates the data flow of the process entry based on the data flow statistics, and then writes it to the shared database 590 data flow status table (Flow_Status Table). After the data flow of all process entries is recorded, the wavelength usage processor 564 starts to count the bandwidth usage of the optical tunnel. Through the optical tunnel data flow table (Flows_in_Tunnel Table), the wavelength usage processor 564 can know which flow entries exist in each optical tunnel. Then, according to the data flow status table, the data flow of the process entry in the optical tunnel is added up to calculate the wavelength usage rate of the tunnel. After the bandwidth usage rates of all optical tunnels are calculated and recorded, the wavelength usage processor 564 will check the usage status of each tunnel one by one. If a certain tunnel is found to be overloaded or lightly loaded, and the condition has continued for a period of time, a warning notification will be sent to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520.

In this way, when the bandwidth usage of the optical tunnel is too high, the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 will send the bandwidth load of the overload notification to the Alarm to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 to create a new optical tunnel and /Or split light tunnel. Conversely, when the bandwidth usage rate of the optical tunnel is too low, the bandwidth usage monitoring module 560 will send the bandwidth load of the light load notification to the Alarm to the optical tunnel scheduling module 520 to merge the optical tunnel and/or shift In addition to the light tunnel.

In some embodiments, since the intelligently-defined optical tunnel network system 100 can support progressive deployment, the number and/or distribution of optical nodes may vary according to the number of cabinets (for example: optical switching link subsystem , The number of optical plug taking subsystems is different). Therefore, the routing paths between optical nodes will also be different. The topology conversion module 580 is used to calculate the routing path table T_Rout based on the topology data input by the outside world (eg, user input), and store the routing path table T_Rout and the topology data in the shared database 590. Specifically, the topology data includes the number of optical nodes and optical node connections. The routing path table T_Rout contains all routing paths that may exist between any optical plug fetching subsystem in the optical tunnel network system 100 and all other optical plug fetching subsystems.

表四The routing path table T_Rout can be further divided into a routing path table (Intra-Pod Routing Path Table) within a group and an routing path table (Inter-Pod Routing Path Table) between groups. Table 4 is the content of the routing path table in the group. In Table 4, there are two types of routing paths, which are the first type of routing path established using the first transmission ring Ring1 and the second type of routing path established using the second transmission ring Ring2. In addition, the function of the routing path function in Table 4 is to calculate the corresponding group of the first type when the input source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS and the destination optical plug extraction subsystem OADS are paired. The internal routing path and the intra-group routing path corresponding to the second category. In the routing path function, (SP, SR) represents which source group (source rack, SR) in the source group (source Pod, SP) the source optical plugging subsystem OADS belongs to, and (DP, DR) ) Represents to which destination rack (destination rack, DR) in the destination group (destination pod, DP) the OADS of the destination optical plug fetching subsystem belongs. Specifically, FIG. 29 is the detailed content of the routing path function in the first group. This algorithm finds the optical plugging subsystem OADS (SP, based on the source group SP, source cabinet SR, destination group DP, destination cabinet DR, routing path type, and topology information recorded in the system. SR) as the starting point, along the first transmission ring Ring1, the routing path to the optical plug fetch subsystem OADS (DP, DR) can be reached. Among them, the function output (Function output) has two fields: OADS_Sender and OADS_Rcve. OADS_Sender represents the code (index) of the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS and which transmission module (210 or 220). OADS_Rcve represents the code of the destination optical plug access subsystem OADS and which transmission module (210 or 220). According to the function output, you can find out which optical nodes this routing path will pass through and which corresponding optical elements need to be set. The method for the second transmission ring Ring2 is similar.

Table 4

For example, as shown in Figure 30, the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the destination optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (DP, DR) are in the same group, so the The routing path belongs to the routing path in the group. When the system decides to establish the first type of routing path between the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the destination optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (DP, DR), the source optical plug extraction subsystem The source group SP, source cabinet SR in OADS (SP, SR), the destination optical plug in the sub-system OADS (DP, DR) and the destination cabinet DR in the OADS (DP, DR) as input, and call A class of routing path functions Intra_Pod_Rpath_Type_1 (SP, SR, DP, DR) to perform operations. According to the algorithm in Figure 29, the function output can be obtained as OADS_Sender: (Ring_1, SP, SR), OADS_Rcver: (Ring_1, DP, DR). It can be seen that the routing path found according to the routing path function uses the transmission module 210a in the optical plug fetching subsystem OADS (SP, SR) as a starting point, along the first transmission ring Ring1, to reach OADS (DP, DR ) In the transmission module 210b. By setting all the optical elements along the route, the system can build the route shown in Figure 30.

表五Table 5 is the Inter-Pod Routing Path Table. There are four types of inter-group routing paths recorded in the table; they are Type 11, Type 12, Type 21, and Type 22. Type 11 uses the first transmission ring Ring1 from the source optical plug fetching subsystem OADS to the second layer optical switching link subsystem OSIS, and uses the first transmission ring Ring1 to the destination optical plug fetching subsystem OADS routing path. Type 12 corresponds to using the first transmission ring Ring1 from the source optical plug fetching subsystem OADS to the second layer optical switching link subsystem OSIS, and using the second transmission ring Ring2 to the destination optical plug fetching subsystem OADS routing path. Type 21 and Type 22 can be analogized according to the above rules. The inter-Pod routing path function is used in the same way as the intra-group routing path function. The system only needs to input the source group SP, source cabinet SR, destination group DP, and destination cabinet DR And the type of routing path, you can dynamically calculate the routing path. Figure 31 takes the Type 11 routing path function algorithm as an example. This algorithm takes the source group SP, source cabinet SR, and destination light plug in the subsystem OADS (SP, SR) of the source light plug input by the user. Take the destination group DP, destination cabinet DR, routing path type (Type 11, Type 12, Type 21, or Type 22) in the subsystem OADS (DP, DR) and the topology information in the system to find the source light The transmission module 210 of the plugging subsystem OADS (SP, SR) reaches the source optical switching link subsystem OSIS (source OSIS), and the shortest path to the destination optical plugging subsystem OADS (DP, DR) transmission mode The destination optical switching link subsystem OSIS (destination OSIS) connected to the group 210, and then the inter-group routing path from the destination optical switching link subsystem OSIS to the destination optical plug access subsystem OADS (DP, DR). Among them, the function output has four fields: OADS_Sender, OSIS_EW, OSIS_South, OADS_Rcver. OADS_Sender represents the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS code and which transmission module (210 or 220) it belongs to. OSIS_EW represents the source optical switching link subsystem OSIS code and layer 2 routing direction (to the east or west). OSIS_South represents the code of the destination optical switching link subsystem OSIS and which transmission module it belongs to. OADS_Rcver represents the code of the target optical plugging subsystem OADS and which transmission module it belongs to. According to the function output, you can find out which optical nodes this routing path will pass through and which corresponding optical elements need to be set.

Table 5

As in the example in Figure 32, the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the destination optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (DP, DR) are in different groups, so the routing path between the two belongs to the group The routing path between groups. When the system decides to establish a Type 11 routing path between the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (SP, SR) and the destination optical plug extraction subsystem OADS (DP, DR), the source optical plug extraction subsystem OADS ( SP, SR) source group SP, source cabinet SR, destination optical plug access subsystem OADS (DP, DR) destination group DP, destination cabinet DR as input parameters and call Type 11 routing path function Inter_Pod_Rpath_Type_11 (SP, SR, DP, DR). According to the algorithm in Figure 31, the available function output parameters are OADS_Sender: (Ring_1, SP, SR), OSIS_EW: (To_East, SP), OSIS_South: (Ring_1, DP), OADS_Rcver: (Ring_1, DP, DR). Therefore, it can be known that the routing path found according to the routing path function is: starting from the transmission module 210c in the source optical plug fetching subsystem OADS (SP, SR), and going up to the second along the first transmission ring Ring1 The source optical switching link subsystem OSIS (SP) of the layer goes east to the destination optical switching link subsystem OSIS (DP), then from the destination optical switching link subsystem OSIS (DP) down the first transmission ring Ring1 to the destination light The transmission module 210d in the switch link subsystem OADS (DP, DR). As long as all the optical elements along the route are set by the route, the system can build the route shown in Figure 32.

In this way, by the topology conversion module 580 calculating the routing path table T_Rout based on the topology data, and storing the routing path table T_Rout to the shared database 590, it can be ensured that the routing path table T_Rout can intelligently define the optical tunnel network system 100 Architectural changes.

In summary, the software-defined network controller 500 proposed in the various embodiments of the present invention continuously monitors the network environment status in the smart-defined optical tunnel network system 100 through continuous real-time monitoring, including the network topology structure and wavelength distribution status , Network routing distribution status, wavelength bandwidth usage status, and data flow traffic, and then according to the designed intelligent algorithm for the best optical tunnel configuration and data flow guidance. The software-defined network controller 500 will quickly determine the best path routing and wavelength selection switch settings to avoid the highest routing throughput and avoid data and transmission delays, while avoiding routing and wavelength conflicts lowest.

Although this disclosure has been disclosed as above by way of implementation, it is not intended to limit this disclosure. Anyone who is familiar with this skill can make various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this disclosure, so this disclosure The protection scope of the content shall be deemed as defined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100‧‧‧Smartly defined optical tunnel network system 200, 200a~200e, OADS, OADS(x), OADS(x+1), OADS(x+2), OADS(x+3), OADS(x+4), OADS(x+5), OADS( x+10), OADS(x+15), OADS(x+20), OADS1~OADS5, OADS6, OADS11, OADS16, OADS21, OADS_1, OADS_2, OADS_3, OADS_4, OADS_5, OADS(SP, SR), OADS( DP, DR), OADS_Sender, OADS_Rcver 210, 210a~210e‧‧‧ First transmission module 220, 220a~220e‧‧‧Second transmission module 211‧‧‧First longitudinal port 221‧‧‧Second longitudinal port 212, 222, BMUX1, BMUX2 ‧‧‧ multiplexer 214, 224‧‧‧ Exchange submodule 216, 226‧‧‧Demultiplexer 400a~400e, OSIS, OSIS(SP), OSIS(DP), OSIS_EW, OSIS_South 410‧‧‧ microcontroller 420‧‧‧Receiving submodule 440‧‧‧Output submodule 460‧‧‧Optical Exchange Submodule 480‧‧‧Interconnect circuit module SP11, SP12, SP21, SP22, SPLT1, SPLT2 ‧‧‧ splitter 481~486‧‧‧Interconnect splitter 462a~462f‧‧‧input splitter 464‧‧‧ wavelength selective switch array 466a~466d‧‧‧output light combiner 468a~468d, EDFA1, EDFA2 ‧‧‧ optical signal amplifier 490‧‧‧Failover submodule 491, 493, 495, 497‧‧‧‧spectral detector 492, 494, 496, 498‧‧‧ optical switch 500‧‧‧Software-defined network controller 520‧‧‧ Optical tunnel scheduling module 522‧‧‧Pre-assigned submodule 524‧‧‧Dynamic allocation submodule 540‧‧‧Set management module 542‧‧‧ Optical node setting submodule 544‧‧‧ Set-top switch submodule 560‧‧‧Bandwidth usage monitoring module 562‧‧‧Statistics processor 564‧‧‧ wavelength using processor 580‧‧‧Topology conversion module 590‧‧‧ shared database 800‧‧‧judgment method S810~S840, S841~S845‧‧‧ 900a~900g‧‧‧rack P1~P5‧‧‧ Group T1, T2‧‧‧ Internet TOR, TORa, TORb, TORc, ToR_1, ToR_2, ToR_3, ToR_4, ToR_5‧‧‧top-top exchanger R2‧‧‧ring grid structure Ring1‧‧‧The first transmission ring Ring2‧‧‧Second transmission ring FW‧‧‧ system firmware WSS11‧‧‧ First wavelength selective switch WSS12‧‧‧Second wavelength selective switch WSS21‧‧‧ Third wavelength selective switch WSS22‧‧‧ fourth wavelength selective switch 464a~464n‧‧‧ wavelength selective switch NLW0~NLW2, NLE0~NLE2, PLW0~PLW2, PLE0~PLE2‧‧‧ RT1, RT2, RTa, RTb, RTc, RP1, RP2, RP3, RP4, RP5, RP6, RP7, RP8, RP9 In1, In2‧‧‧ Upload E1~E6, W7~W12‧‧‧‧Output E7~E12, W1~W6‧‧‧ input ITR1~ITR4‧‧‧Interrupt pin TS1, TS2‧‧‧trigger signal NS1, NS2‧‧‧Exception notification signal SS‧‧‧Select signal CS, CS_WSS, CS_ToR‧‧‧Control signal λ1~λ40, b1, b2, r3, r4, b5, b6, r7, r8 ‧‧‧ wavelength UL1~UL8‧‧‧First upload optical signal UL9~UL16‧‧‧Second upload optical signal DL1~DL16‧‧‧Download optical signal Sig11‧‧‧First synthetic optical signal Sig21‧‧‧Second synthetic optical signal Sig12, Sig22, SigU1, SigU2 ‧‧‧ synthesized optical signal SigD1, SigD2, SigE0~SigE2‧‧‧‧composite optical signal SigW0~SigW2‧‧‧‧composite optical signal TSh1‧‧‧The first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh2‧‧‧Second horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3‧‧‧The third horizontal transmission optical signal TSh3d‧‧‧The fourth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5‧‧‧Fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh6‧‧‧Sixth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7‧‧‧Seventh horizontal transmission optical signal TSh7d‧‧‧The eighth horizontal transmission optical signal TSh1’‧‧‧Amplified first horizontal transmission optical signal TSh5’‧‧‧Amplified fifth horizontal transmission optical signal TSd1‧‧‧The first downstream transmission optical signal TSd2‧‧‧Second downlink transmission optical signal TSd2a~TSd2e‧‧‧Second downlink transmission optical signal TSd3‧‧‧Third downlink transmission optical signal TSd4‧‧‧The fourth downstream transmission optical signal TSd4a~TSd4e‧‧‧‧downstream transmission optical signal TSu1‧‧‧The first upstream transmission optical signal TSu1a~TSu1e‧‧‧The first upstream transmission optical signal TSu2‧‧‧Second upstream transmission optical signal TSu3‧‧‧The third upstream transmission optical signal TSu3a~TSu3e‧‧‧‧uplink transmit optical signal TSu4‧‧‧The fourth upstream transmission optical signal SigA, SigB, SigC ‧‧‧ optical signals H1E, H2E‧‧‧First horizontal transmission signal H1W, H2W‧‧‧Second horizontal transmission signal E1D1, E2D1, W1D1, W2D1 ‧‧‧ first downlink transmission signal E1D2, E2D2, W1D2, W2D2 ‧‧‧Second downlink transmission signal U1D2, U2D1 ‧‧‧ third downlink transmission signal T_Rout‧‧‧Routing route table W_tun, W_stat, W_use‧‧‧ write instruction R_tun, R_stat‧‧‧Read command DATA_stat‧‧‧Data flow statistics CC, CC_opt, CC_ToR‧‧‧Control commands Request‧‧‧Request message Reply‧‧‧Reply message Alarm‧‧‧Bandwidth load notification Trigger‧‧‧trigger message S19, S21, S23

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a smartly defined optical tunnel network system according to some embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light plug taking subsystem according to some embodiments of the present case. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between transmission modules and transmission modules in each optical plug fetching subsystem in the same group P1. Figures 3B and 3C are schematic diagrams of the conflict caused by the combiner and the schematic diagram of the conflict caused by the demultiplexer, respectively. FIG. 3D is a schematic diagram of intra-Pod optical tunnels and optical signal flow directions according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical switching link subsystem according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal design of the optical path switching sub-module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an interconnect circuit module and a failover module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of an interconnection network between optical switching link subsystems in a second-layer network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 7B is a partially enlarged schematic view of FIG. 7A. FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the protection circuit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 8B is a flowchart of the determination method of the microcontroller 410 in the polling mechanism. FIG. 8C and FIG. 8D are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of the microcontroller to implement the interrupt mechanism according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an inter-Pod optical tunnel path according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figures 10A and 10B are schematic diagrams of the installation of optical switching submodules in the optical switching link subsystem. FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of a protection path design of a group of a first-layer network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of the protection path design of the group of the first layer network T1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a protection path design between a first-layer network and a second-layer network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a smartly defined optical tunnel network system according to some embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of a software-defined network controller according to some embodiments of the present application. 15A and 15B are detailed functional block diagrams of a software-defined network controller according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical tunnel between any optical plug fetching subsystem and other optical plug fetching subsystems in an optical tunnel network created by pre-allocating submodules according to some embodiments of the present case. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an optical tunnel between one specific optical plug fetching subsystem and other optical plug fetching subsystems in an optical tunnel network created by pre-allocating sub-modules according to some embodiments of this case. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm for establishing an optical tunnel network according to a pre-assigned sub-module illustrated in some embodiments of the present case. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an operation flow of a pre-assigned sub-module according to some embodiments of the present case. FIG. 20A and FIG. 20B are schematic diagrams of light tunnel diversion according to some embodiments of the present case. FIG. 21 is a schematic flowchart of processing a high-load tunnel according to some embodiments of the present case. 22A and 22B are schematic diagrams of merging optical tunnels according to some embodiments of this case. FIG. 23 is a schematic flowchart of processing a low-load tunnel according to some embodiments of the present case. FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of an optical tunnel allocation algorithm according to some embodiments of the case. FIG. 25 is a detailed functional block diagram of a software-defined network controller according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of an optical tunnel relay according to some embodiments of this case. FIG. 27 is a detailed functional block diagram of a software-defined network controller according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of calculating data traffic of an optical tunnel according to some embodiments of this case. FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm for a routing function within a group according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of establishing an intra-group optical tunnel according to some embodiments of this case. FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm for a routing function between groups according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of establishing an inter-group optical tunnel according to some embodiments of this case.

500‧‧‧Software-defined network controller

520‧‧‧ Optical tunnel scheduling module

522‧‧‧Pre-assigned submodule

524‧‧‧Dynamic allocation submodule

540‧‧‧Set management module

542‧‧‧ Optical node setting submodule

544‧‧‧ Set-top switch submodule

560‧‧‧Bandwidth usage monitoring module

562‧‧‧Statistics processor

564‧‧‧ wavelength using processor

580‧‧‧Topology conversion module

590‧‧‧ shared database

T_Rout‧‧‧Routing route table

W_tun, W_stat, W_use‧‧‧ write instruction

R_tun, R_stat‧‧‧Read command

DATA_stat‧‧‧Data flow statistics

CS‧‧‧Control signal

CC‧‧‧Control Command

Request‧‧‧Request message

Reply‧‧‧Reply message

Alarm‧‧‧Bandwidth load notification

Claims (7)

A network system control method, including: An optical tunnel scheduling module plans an optical tunnel network according to a routing path table and transmits a control command according to an optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network, where the optical tunnel network includes a plurality of optical tunnels, The optical tunnels each include a routing path and a wavelength; According to the control command, a setting management module outputs a control signal to a plurality of optical switches or a plurality of top-mounted switches; A bandwidth usage monitoring module receives a data flow statistical data of the plurality of data flows of the optical tunnels from the set-top switches, and calculates a data flow data flow and an optical tunnel bandwidth usage according to the data flow statistical data Rate, and when the optical tunnel bandwidth usage exceeds a preset interval, send a bandwidth load notification; The optical tunnel scheduling module re-plans the optical tunnel network according to the bandwidth load notification. The network system control method according to claim 1, further comprising: A topology conversion module calculates the routing path table according to a topology data, and stores the routing path table and the topology data to a common database, wherein the topology data includes an optical node number and an optical node Link, where the routing path table contains a plurality of routing paths from any one of the optical switches to any other. The network system control method according to claim 1, further comprising: A pre-assigned sub-module of the optical tunnel scheduling module plans the optical tunnel network according to the routing path table; The pre-assigned sub-module transmits an optical node control command and a switch control command to the configuration management module according to the optical tunnel network data; and The pre-assigned sub-module stores the optical tunnel network data to a shared database, wherein the optical tunnel network data includes the routing paths and the wavelengths of the optical tunnels, and the optical tunnel network data is used for Set the optical tunnels through which the data streams pass. The network system control method described in claim 3 further includes: An optical node control module of the configuration management module receives the optical node control command; The optical node sub-module outputs a wavelength selection switch control signal to the optical switches according to the optical node control command; A switch sub-module of the setting management module receives the switch control command; and The switch submodule converts the switch control command into a switch control signal and outputs it to the set-top switches. The network system control method according to claim 1, further comprising: A statistical processor of the bandwidth usage monitoring module receives the data flow statistical data from the set-top switches, and calculates a data flow data flow according to the data flow statistical data; A wavelength usage processor of the bandwidth usage monitoring module calculates an optical tunnel bandwidth usage according to the data flow data flow; and The wavelength usage processor transmits the bandwidth load notification according to the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate. The network system control method described in claim 5 further includes: A dynamic allocation sub-module of the optical tunnel scheduling module receives the bandwidth load notification; The optical distribution network is re-planned by the dynamic allocation sub-module according to the bandwidth load notification; Adjusting and transmitting the optical node control command and the switch control command by the dynamic allocation sub-module according to the corresponding optical tunnel network data of the re-planned optical tunnel network; and The dynamically allocated sub-module stores the re-planned optical tunnel network data to a shared database. A network system controller for controlling a plurality of optical switches and a plurality of top-mounted switches to build an optical tunnel. The network system controller includes: A shared database; A topology conversion module, coupled to the shared database, for calculating a routing path table based on a topology data, and storing the routing path table to the shared database; An optical tunnel scheduling module, coupled to the shared database, is used to build an optical tunnel network according to the routing path table, and transmit a control command according to an optical tunnel network data of the optical tunnel network; A configuration management module, coupled to the optical tunnel scheduling module, for converting into a control signal according to the control command and outputting to the optical switches and the set-top switches; and A bandwidth usage monitoring module, coupled to the shared database and the optical tunnel scheduling module, is used to receive a data flow statistical data from the set-top switches, and calculate a data flow data flow according to the data flow statistical data And an optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate, and transmit an optical tunnel bandwidth load notification to the optical tunnel scheduling module according to the optical tunnel bandwidth usage rate, and the optical tunnel scheduling module is further used to determine the optical tunnel frequency Wide utilization rate and data of the optical tunnel network re-plan the optical tunnel network.

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