JP7101637B2 - Combustible waste treatment equipment and treatment method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a combustible waste treatment apparatus and a treatment method, and more particularly to a technique for effectively utilizing combustible waste such as shredder dust, waste plastic, and construction waste.

In order to recycle the shredder dust, Patent Document 1 states that the shredder dust is heat-treated at a temperature of 250 to 450 ° C. to make it embrittled, the embrittled shredder dust is crushed, and then the magnetic deposit is removed to remove the magnetic deposit. A technique is described in which precious metals and the like are recovered as heavy products from the embrittled shredder dust by an air table, valuable metals are recovered from the shredder dust, and the residue is used as a fuel for cement firing.

Further, in Patent Document 2, combustible waste such as shredder dust is heated and then crushed, and then supplied to an air table to improve the sorting accuracy of combustible waste, and then to use valuable metals and fuels. A technique for recovering a resin or the like that can be used as a fuel is described.

On the other hand, combustible waste such as shredder dust contains repellent components such as chromium (Cr), and if the chromium concentration is high, it affects the quality of cement, so the amount used as cement fuel is reduced. The use as cement fuel was practically restricted, as in some cases it had to be forced to do so. Therefore, in order to stably convert shredder dust and the like into cement resources, it is preferable to reduce the repellent components such as chromium.

As a technique for removing chromium from waste, for example, in Patent Document 3, in order to separate heavy metals such as chromium from the main ash for incinerating municipal waste, the main ash for incineration is separated into magnetic and non-magnetic materials by magnetic sorting. It is described that the non-magnetized material obtained by separation is used as a cement raw material having a reduced chromium content in a cement firing apparatus.

Further, Patent Document 4 describes that when recovering a metal containing chromium such as austenitic stainless steel from combustible waste, the waste is crushed and then magnetically sorted.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-34143 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-164872 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-137224 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-224498

The inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are intended to recover precious metals by heat-treating shredder dust and the like and then performing crushing treatment and physical sorting treatment. The magnetic deposit is recovered in the process of recovering the noble metal, but the purpose is to prevent the magnetic deposit from being mixed with the noble metal, and not to reduce the repellent component such as chromium.

Further, as in the inventions described in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the effect of reducing the repellent component such as chromium is not sufficient only by the magnetic force sorting or the magnetic force sorting after crushing.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to effectively remove chromium from combustible waste such as shredder dust and effectively utilize it.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a combustible waste treatment apparatus, which is a magnetic force sorter that separates combustible waste into magnetic and non-magnetic waste, and is discharged from the magnetic force sorter. A heating device that heats the magnetic material, a crusher that crushes the heated material discharged from the heating device, and a wind sorter or / and a wind sorter that separates the crushed material discharged from the crusher into heavy products and light products. A combustible waste treatment device characterized by being equipped with a specific gravity sorter.

According to the present invention, since the magnetic material obtained by magnetically sorting combustible waste is heated by a heating device and then crushed, the metal contained in the magnetic material and the combustible component can be efficiently separated. Chromium can be effectively removed from combustible waste.

In the combustible waste treatment apparatus, the magnetic force sorter for separating the combustible waste into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic material is a suspension type magnetic force sorter and a post-stage of the suspension type magnetic force sorter. A drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter that separates a non-magnetic material separated by a suspension-type magnetic force sorter into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material, and the heating device is from the drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter. By configuring the discharged magnetic material to be heated, a suspended magnetic force sorter can collect high-purity magnetic material without mixing foreign matter, and a drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter can be used to collect foreign matter. The magnetic material can be recovered and the chromium can be effectively removed.

In the combustible waste treatment apparatus, the suspension-type magnetic force sorting machine is provided with a sieve sorting means for separating the combustible waste into two-grain group or three-grain group or more in front of the suspension-type magnetic force sorting machine. The machine separates each combustible waste of the two-grain group or three-grain group or more into magnetic and non-magnetic particles, and the drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter is derived from the suspension-type magnetic force sorter. Each of the two or three or more non-magnetic particles to be discharged is separated into a magnetic and non-magnetic particles, and the heating device is a two-grain group discharged from the drum type or pulley type magnetic force sorter. Alternatively, by configuring the magnetic material of three or more grains to be heated together, the processing efficiency of the magnetic force sorter and the eddy current sorter at the subsequent stage of the sieve sorter can be improved.

In the combustible waste treatment device, each of the two-grain group or three-grain group or more non-magnetic particles discharged from the magnetic force sorter is not regarded as a conductive product in the subsequent stage of the drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter. By providing an eddy current sorter that separates from the conductive product, it is possible to remove chromium-containing metals such as austenite-based stainless steel as the conductive product, and it is possible to remove chromium contained in combustible waste more efficiently. can. Since the conductive product contains metals such as aluminum, copper, and brass in addition to stainless steel, it is advisable to treat the conductive product with a metal sorter when collecting only stainless steel.

Further, the present invention is a method for treating combustible waste, in which the combustible waste is separated into a magnetically-coated substance and a non-magnetically-coated matter by a first magnetic force sorting, and the magnetism separated by the first magnetic force sorting. It is characterized in that the kimono is heated, the heated material is crushed, and the crushed material is separated into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material by a second magnetic force selection.

Further, the present invention is a method for treating combustible waste, in which combustible waste is separated into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic material by magnetic force sorting, and the magnetic substance separated by the magnetic force selection is heated. It is characterized in that a heated product is crushed and the crushed product is separated into a heavy product and a light product by wind sorting and / and specific gravity sorting.

According to both of the above inventions, since the magnetic material obtained by magnetically sorting combustible waste is heated and then crushed, the metal contained in the magnetic material and the combustible component can be efficiently separated, and the combustible material is combustible. Chromium can be effectively removed from waste.

As described above, according to the present invention, chromium can be effectively removed from combustible waste such as shredder dust and effectively used.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the combustible waste processing apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a case where shredder dust is treated as combustible waste will be illustrated.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a combustible waste treatment device according to the present invention, in which the treatment device 1 is a sieve sorting machine 2 for sieving shredder dust and a sieve separated by a sieving sorting machine 2. A magnetic sorter (hereinafter referred to as a "magnetic sorter") 3 that sorts underneaths by magnetic force, a magnetic sorter 4 that sorts magnetically on a sieve, and a magnetic sorter that sorts non-magnetic material A separated by the magnetic sorter 3 again. The machine 5, a magnetic separator 6 that re-selects the non-magnetic material B separated by the magnetic separator 4, a vortex current sorter 7 that sorts the vortex current of the non-magnetic material C separated by the magnetic separator 5, and a magnetic separator. The vortex current sorter 8 that sorts the non-magnetic material D separated by 6 and the heating device 9 that heats the magnetic particles C and D separated by the magnetic separators 5 and 6 are discharged from the heating device 9. The crusher 10 for crushing the heated material and the wind sorter 11 for separating the crushed material discharged from the crusher 10 into heavy products and light products are provided.

The sieve sorter 2 is provided to screen the shredder dust and process it for each grain group. By sorting each grain group, it is possible to efficiently process the magnetic force sorting and the eddy current sorting in the subsequent stage. can. The grain group for sieving is 2 or more grains, and the mesh size is 3 to 30 mm. When the number of grains is 3 or more, the difference in the mesh setting is 5 mm or more (for example, 5 mm and 10 mm, etc.).

The magnetic separators 3 and 4 are preferably of a hanging type, and are provided to recover a highly pure magnetic substance without mixing foreign matter. The magnetic flux density of the magnets of the magnetic separators 3 and 4 is preferably 700 to 1500 gauss.

The second-stage magnetic separators 5 and 6 are preferably of a drum type or a pulley type, and are provided to recover the magnetic deposits C and D regardless of the inclusion of foreign matter (combustibles). The magnetic flux density of the magnets of the magnetic separators 5 and 6 is preferably 1500 gauss or more.

The eddy current sorters 7 and 8 are provided to remove metals such as chromium, aluminum, copper, and brass derived from non-magnetic stainless steel from the non-magnetic particles C and D, and the rotor rotation speed is the particle size of the processed product. When is 10 mm or more, it is 1500 rpm or more, and when it is less than 10 mm, it is 3000 rpm or more.

The heating device 9 is provided to heat the magnetic objects C and D to facilitate separation and recovery. In the illustrated example, the magnetic objects C and D are heated together, but the magnetic objects C and D are respectively. It may be heat-treated separately. The heating method is not specified, but considering the processing capacity, an external heat type rotary kiln is preferable.

The crusher 10 is provided to separate the heated material discharged from the heating device 9 into a metal and a combustible component (ash when the temperature is high), and the crusher 10 does not need to be finely crushed. Joe crushers, impact crushers, roll crushers, hammer crushers and the like can be used.

The wind power sorter 11 is provided to separate the crushed material by the crusher 10 into heavy products and light products, and can be selected from various types such as a blow-up type, a suction type, and a closed type.

Next, the operation of the processing apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

The received shredder dust is sieved into two or more grain groups by a sieve sorter (sieving sorting means) 2. In the illustrated example, it is sieved into two grain groups.

Each of the sieving material and the sieving material separated by the sieving machine 2 is magnetically sorted by the magnetic separators 3 and 4, and the magnetic deposits A and B having a small amount of foreign matter and high purity are recovered. Most of the magnetic particles A and B have a particle size of 10 mm or more, and contain chromium derived from ferromagnetic stainless steel.

Next, the non-magnetic particles A and B from the magnetic separators 3 and 4 are magnetically sorted by the magnetic separators 5 and 6, and the magnetic particles C and D are recovered regardless of the inclusion of foreign matter. Since flammable substances are mixed in the magnetic objects C and D, heat treatment is performed in the subsequent stage. Most of the magnetic particles C and D have a particle size of 10 mm or less, and contain chromium derived from ferromagnetic and weakly magnetic stainless steel.

Further, the non-magnetic deposits C and D from the magnetic separators 5 and 6 are introduced into the eddy current sorters 7 and 8, and the eddy currents are sorted by the eddy current sorters 7 and 8, and the conductive products A and B are non-magnetic. Recover chromium derived from stainless steel. Since the non-conductive product A separated by the eddy current sorter 7 has a small particle size, it can be charged as fuel from, for example, in front of the kiln of a cement kiln, at the end of the kiln, or in a calciner. Further, since the non-conductive product B separated by the eddy current sorter 8 has a large particle size, it can be charged as fuel from, for example, a kiln tail of a cement kiln or a calciner.

On the other hand, the magnetic deposits C and D separated by the magnetic separators 5 and 6 are heated by the heating device 9 to facilitate separation and recovery of the magnetic deposits in the subsequent stage. The magnetic particles C and D may be carbonized and incinerated at a high temperature by the heating device 9, but it is preferable to heat them at 250 to 450 ° C. in consideration of the utilization of thermal energy of the combustible material.

Next, the heated material discharged from the heating device 9 is crushed by the crusher 10 and separated into a metal and a combustible component or ash. The heated material is crushed by the crusher 10 until the target particle size is 5 to 20 mm or less.

Finally, the crushed material by the crusher 10 is separated into a heavy product and a light product by the wind sorter 11, and a metal having a high specific gravity including chromium derived from ferromagnetic and weak magnetic stainless steel is recovered in the heavy product, and the light product is obtained. The combustibles adhering to the magnetic deposits C and D can be recovered, and the recovered combustibles can be used as fuel, for example, as fuel from the front of the kiln of the cement kiln, the kiln butt, or the calcining furnace. If it is desired to separate weak magnetic / ferromagnetic stainless steel from heavy products and lumps of other metals and resins, further magnetic force sorting is performed.

In the above embodiment, the wind power sorter 11 is used to separate the crushed material by the crusher 10 into heavy products and light products, but instead of the wind power sorter 11 or together with the wind power sorter 11. A specific gravity sorter such as an air table can also be used.

Further, the shredder dust was separated into two groups of sieving material and sieving material by the sieving machine 2, and then treated separately. However, a sieving machine was further provided to separate the shredder dust into three or more grain groups. It is also possible to process each of them separately, and the separation processing can improve the processing efficiency of the magnetic force sorter and the eddy current sorter in the subsequent stage of the sieve sorter 2.

On the other hand, it is also possible to process the shredder dust without separating it into the sieve undercoat and the sieve top product by the sieve sorter 2, and the shredder dust is magnetically sorted as it is, the magnetic material is heated and crushed, and then the wind power is applied. Sorting and / and specific gravity sorting can also be performed.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case of treating shredder dust is exemplified, but other combustible waste such as construction waste can also be treated.

1 Combustible waste treatment device 2 Sieving machine 3 to 6 Magnetic separator 7, 8 Eddy current sorter 9 Heating device 10 Crusher 11 Wind power sorter

Claims (5)

A magnetic sorter that separates combustible waste into magnetic and non-magnetic materials,
A heating device that heats the magnetic material discharged from the magnetic force sorter,
A crusher that crushes the heated material discharged from the heating device, and
A combustible waste treatment apparatus comprising a wind power sorter and / or a specific gravity sorter that separates crushed matter discharged from the crusher into heavy products and light products. The magnetic force sorter for separating the combustible waste into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic material is a suspension type magnetic force sorter and a non-suspension type magnetic force sorter separated after the suspension type magnetic force sorter. A drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter that separates a magnetic material into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material.
The combustible waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device heats a magnetic material discharged from the drum type or pulley type magnetic force sorter. A sieve sorting means for separating the combustible waste into a group of 2 grains or a group of 3 grains or more is provided in front of the suspension type magnetic force sorter.
The suspension-type magnetic force sorter separates each combustible waste of the two-grain group or the three-grain group or more into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance.
The drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter separates each of the two-grain group or three-grain group or more non-magnetic material discharged from the suspension-type magnetic force sorter into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material.
The combustible waste according to claim 2, wherein the heating device heats together two or three or more magnetic particles discharged from the drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter. Processing equipment. An eddy current sorter that separates each of the two-grain group or three-grain group or more non-magnetic particles discharged from the magnetic force sorter into a conductive product and a non-conductive product after the drum-type or pulley-type magnetic force sorter. The combustible waste treatment apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: Combustible waste is separated into magnetic and non-magnetic materials by magnetic sorting.
The magnetic material separated by the magnetic force sorting is heated to heat it.
The heated material is crushed and
A method for treating combustible waste, which comprises separating the crushed material into heavy products and light products by wind power sorting and / or specific gravity sorting.

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