JP2021001362A - Method of recovering valuable metal and recovery system - Google Patents
Method of recovering valuable metal and recovery system Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021001362A JP2021001362A JP2019114411A JP2019114411A JP2021001362A JP 2021001362 A JP2021001362 A JP 2021001362A JP 2019114411 A JP2019114411 A JP 2019114411A JP 2019114411 A JP2019114411 A JP 2019114411A JP 2021001362 A JP2021001362 A JP 2021001362A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 glass Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、有価金属の回収方法及び回収システムに関し、特に、エコセメント製造時に原料から有価金属を回収する技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a method and system for recovering valuable metals, and more particularly to a technique for recovering valuable metals from raw materials during the production of eco-cement.
都市ごみや下水汚泥等の廃棄物の焼却灰等を有効活用して環境負荷を低減するため、焼却灰等を予備処理した後、竪型ローラーミルで粉砕選別し、得られたミル精粉を原料としてエコセメントを製造している。ここで、焼却灰等に含まれる金、銀等の貴金属、銅、亜鉛、アルミニウム及び鉄等の有価金属はミル精粉側へ移行し、ミル精粉側から有価金属を回収するには、薬剤を用いて湿式処理を行う必要があるなど、回収に要するコストが高くなる。また、竪型ローラーミルで金属を含む廃棄物を粉砕するため、ミルの振動が大きくなったり、部品の摩耗が激しく、保守管理コストも高くなるという問題があった。 In order to reduce the environmental load by effectively utilizing the incineration ash of waste such as municipal waste and sewage sludge, after pre-treating the incineration ash, etc., crushing and sorting with a vertical roller mill, the obtained mill refined powder is used. We manufacture eco-cement as a raw material. Here, precious metals such as gold and silver contained in incineration ash and valuable metals such as copper, zinc, aluminum and iron are transferred to the mill refined powder side, and a chemical is used to recover the valuable metals from the mill refined powder side. The cost required for recovery is high, such as the need to perform wet treatment using. Further, since the vertical roller mill crushes the waste containing metal, there is a problem that the vibration of the mill becomes large, the parts are heavily worn, and the maintenance cost becomes high.
そこで、特許文献１に記載の有価金属回収システムでは、ミル精粉の所定粒径分布を調整するように竪型ローラーミルで粉砕及び選別を行うことにより、ミル排石における有価金属の含有率が原料廃棄物における有価金属の含有率よりも高くなるように調整している。
Therefore, in the valuable metal recovery system described in
上記特許文献１に記載の発明は、ミル排石に貴金属等の有価金属を濃縮回収することができるなど有効であるが、ミル精粉側へ移行する有価金属も依然として存在するため、有価金属の回収効率をさらに高めることが望まれていた。また、竪型ローラーミルの振動やミルの部品の摩耗の問題は解決されておらず、保守管理コストを低減することも望まれていた。
The invention described in
そこで、本発明は、上記従来の技術における問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、焼却灰等からより効果的に有価金属を回収すると共に、竪型ローラーミルの振動やミルの部品の摩耗を低く抑え、保守管理コストを低減することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional technique, and more effectively recovers valuable metals from incineration ash and the like, and at the same time, vibration of a vertical roller mill and wear of mill parts. The purpose is to keep the cost low and reduce maintenance costs.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の有価金属回収方法は、有価金属を含む廃棄物から嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上の粉砕物が得られるように該廃棄物を粉砕し、該粉砕物から有価金属を回収することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the valuable metal recovery method of the present invention crushes the waste so that a pulverized product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more can be obtained from the waste containing the valuable metal, and the pulverization is performed. It is characterized by recovering valuable metals from things.
本発明によれば、嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上の粉砕物を得ることで、粉砕物の有価金属含有量が高まり、粉砕物から効果的に有価金属を回収することができる。 According to the present invention, by obtaining a pulverized product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more, the valuable metal content of the pulverized product is increased, and the valuable metal can be effectively recovered from the pulverized product.
前記有価金属回収方法において、前記廃棄物を竪型ローラーミルで粉砕し、ミル排石に前記嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上の粉砕物を得るようにすることができる。ミル排石の嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上になるように竪型ローラーミルの運転を調整することで、ミル排石の有価金属含有量が高まり、ミル排石から効果的に有価金属を回収することができる。また、廃棄物に含まれる金属の過粉砕を抑制して竪型ローラーミルの振動や部品の摩耗を低く抑え、保守管理コストを低減することもできる。 In the valuable metal recovery method, the waste can be pulverized with a vertical roller mill so that the pulverized product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more can be obtained from the mill stones. By adjusting the operation of the vertical roller mill so that the bulk density of the mill stones is 1.3 t / m 3 or more, the valuable metal content of the mill stones is increased, and the valuable metals are effectively discharged from the mill stones. Can be recovered. In addition, it is possible to suppress over-crushing of the metal contained in the waste, suppress vibration of the vertical roller mill and wear of parts, and reduce maintenance cost.
上記有価金属回収方法において、前記ミル排石を磁力選別により磁着物と非磁着物とに分離し、該非磁着物から有価金属を回収してもよく、クロム等を含む磁着物を除去した後に有価金属を回収することができる。 In the above-mentioned valuable metal recovery method, the milled stone may be separated into a magnetic deposit and a non-magnetic deposit by magnetic force sorting, and the valuable metal may be recovered from the non-magnetic deposit, and is valuable after removing the magnetic deposit containing chromium and the like. The metal can be recovered.
また、前記非磁着物を比重選別により軽産物と重産物とに分離し、該重産物から有価金属を回収してもよく、シリカ粒子やアルミニウムを含む軽産物を除去した後に、重産物から貴金属や銅等の有価金属を回収することができる。 Further, the non-magnetic deposit may be separated into a light product and a heavy product by specific gravity sorting, and a valuable metal may be recovered from the heavy product. After removing the light product containing silica particles and aluminum, the noble metal is removed from the heavy product. And valuable metals such as copper can be recovered.
さらに、前記非磁着物を篩分け選別により篩上物と篩下物に分離し、該篩上物及び篩下物の各々を比重選別により軽産物と重産物とに分離し、各々の重産物から有価金属を回収してもよく、シリカ粒子やアルミニウムを含む軽産物を除去した後に、重産物から貴金属や銅等の有価金属を回収することができる。 Further, the non-magnetic particles are separated into a sieve product and a sieve product by sieving and sorting, and each of the sieve product and the sieve product is separated into a light product and a heavy product by specific gravity sorting, and each heavy product is separated. Valuable metals may be recovered from the heavy products, and after removing light products containing silica particles and aluminum, valuable metals such as precious metals and copper can be recovered from heavy products.
また、前記軽産物を渦電流選別により導電産物と非導電産物とに分離し、該導電産物から有価金属を回収してもよく、シリカ粒子を多く含む非導電産物を除去した後に導電産物からアルミニウムを回収することができる。 Further, the light product may be separated into a conductive product and a non-conductive product by eddy current sorting, and a valuable metal may be recovered from the conductive product. After removing the non-conductive product containing a large amount of silica particles, aluminum is removed from the conductive product. Can be recovered.
さらに、本発明は、有価金属回収システムであって、有価金属を含む廃棄物から嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上の粉砕物が得られるように該廃棄物を粉砕する粉砕システムと、該粉砕物から有価金属を回収する有価金属回収手段とを備えることを特徴とする。 Further, the present invention is a valuable metal recovery system, which comprises a crushing system for crushing the waste so that a pulverized product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more can be obtained from the waste containing the valuable metal. It is characterized by comprising a valuable metal recovery means for recovering valuable metals from the crushed material.
本発明によれば、粉砕システムで嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上の粉砕物を得ることで、粉砕物の有価金属含有量が高まり、粉砕物から効果的に有価金属を回収することができる。 According to the present invention, by obtaining a pulverized product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more in the pulverized product, the valuable metal content of the pulverized product is increased, and the valuable metal can be effectively recovered from the pulverized product. it can.
前記粉砕システムは、竪型ローラーミルを含み、該竪型ローラーミルのミル排石に前記嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上の粉砕物を得ることができる。ミル排石の嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上になるように竪型ローラーミルを運転することで、ミル排石から効果的に有価金属を回収することができると共に、廃棄物に含まれる金属の過粉砕を抑制して竪型ローラーミルの振動や部品の摩耗を低く抑え、保守管理コストを低減することができる。 The pulverization system includes a vertical roller mill, and a pulverized product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more can be obtained from the mill stones of the vertical roller mill. By operating the vertical roller mill so that the bulk density of the mill stones is 1.3 t / m 3 or more, valuable metals can be effectively recovered from the mill stones and contained in the waste. It is possible to suppress over-crushing of metal, suppress vibration of the vertical roller mill and wear of parts, and reduce maintenance cost.
上記有価金属回収システムにおいて、前記ミル排石を磁着物と非磁着物とに分離する磁力選別機を設け、前記有価金属回収手段は、該磁力選別機で分離した非磁着物から有価金属を回収することができ、クロム等を含む磁着物を除去した後に有価金属を回収することができる。 In the valuable metal recovery system, a magnetic force sorter for separating the milled stone into a magnetic object and a non-magnetic material is provided, and the valuable metal recovery means recovers valuable metal from the non-magnetic material separated by the magnetic force sorter. It is possible to recover the valuable metal after removing the magnetic deposit containing chromium and the like.
また、前記非磁着物を軽産物と重産物とに分離する比重選別機を設け、前記有価金属回収手段は、該比重選別機で分離した重産物から有価金属を回収することができ、シリカ粒子やアルミニウムを含む軽産物を除去した後に、重産物から貴金属や銅等の有価金属を回収することができる。 Further, a specific gravity sorter for separating the non-magnetic deposit into light products and heavy products is provided, and the valuable metal recovery means can recover valuable metals from the heavy products separated by the specific gravity sorter, and silica particles. After removing light products containing silica and aluminum, valuable metals such as precious metals and copper can be recovered from heavy products.
さらに、前記非磁着物を篩上物と篩下物に分離する篩選別機と、該篩選別機で分離された篩上物及び篩下物の各々を軽産物と重産物とに分離する比重選別機とを設け、前記有価金属回収手段は、前記比重選別機で分離された各々の重産物から有価金属を回収することができ、シリカ粒子やアルミニウムを含む軽産物を除去した後に、重産物から貴金属や銅等の有価金属を回収することができる。 Further, a sieve sorter that separates the non-magnetic deposit into a sieve product and a sieve product, and a specific gravity that separates each of the sieve product and the sieve product separated by the sieve sorter into a light product and a heavy product. A sorter is provided, and the valuable metal recovery means can recover valuable metals from each heavy product separated by the specific gravity sorter, and after removing light products containing silica particles and aluminum, the heavy products Valuable metals such as precious metals and copper can be recovered from.
また、前記軽産物を導電産物と非導電産物とに分離する渦電流選別機を備え、前記有価金属回収手段は、該渦電流選別機で分離された導電産物から有価金属を回収してもよく、シリカ粒子を多く含む非導電産物を除去した後に導電産物からアルミニウムを回収することができる。 Further, the eddy current sorter for separating the light product into a conductive product and a non-conductive product may be provided, and the valuable metal recovery means may recover the valuable metal from the conductive product separated by the eddy current sorter. , Aluminum can be recovered from the conductive product after removing the non-conductive product containing a large amount of silica particles.
以上のように、本発明によれば、焼却灰等から効果的に有価金属を回収することができると共に、竪型ローラーミルの振動やミルの部品の摩耗を低く抑え、保守管理コストを低減することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, valuable metals can be effectively recovered from incineration ash and the like, vibration of the vertical roller mill and wear of mill parts are suppressed to a low level, and maintenance and management costs are reduced. be able to.
次に、本発明の一実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。尚、以下の説明では、都市ごみ焼却灰等の焼却灰から有価金属を回収する場合を例示する。 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a case where valuable metals are recovered from incineration ash such as municipal waste incineration ash will be illustrated.
図１は、本発明に係る有価金属回収システムの一実施の形態を示し、この回収システム１は、焼却灰を予備処理する予備処理設備２と、予備処理設備２からの処理物をミル精粉とミル排石とに粉砕しながら分離する竪型ローラーミル３と、竪型ローラーミル３から排出されるミル排石を磁力選別する磁力選別機（以下「磁選機」という。）４と、磁選機４から排出される非磁着物を篩選別する篩選別機５と、篩選別機５の篩上物及び篩下物の各々を比重選別する比重選別機６、８と、比重選別機６、８で分離された各軽産物Ａ、Ｂを別々に渦電流選別する渦電流選別機７、９とで構成される。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a valuable metal recovery system according to the present invention. In this
予備処理設備２は、竪型ローラーミル３に供給される焼却灰を予備処理するために設けられ、具体的には、焼却灰の含水率を好ましくは５重量％以下、最大粒径を好ましくは４０ｍｍ以下、より好ましくは２０ｍｍ以下に調整するために設けられる。予備処理設備２には、焼却灰の性状に合わせ、乾燥機、磁選機、篩分機、粉砕機及び渦電流選別機等が設けられる。 The pretreatment facility 2 is provided for pretreatment of the incineration ash supplied to the vertical roller mill 3. Specifically, the water content of the incineration ash is preferably 5% by weight or less, and the maximum particle size is preferably. It is provided to adjust to 40 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less. The pretreatment facility 2 is provided with a dryer, a magnetic separator, a sieving machine, a crusher, an eddy current sorter, and the like according to the properties of the incinerated ash.
竪型ローラーミル３は、複数個のローラと回転するテーブルとの間で焼却灰を圧縮、剪断しながら粉砕する装置である。粉砕された焼却灰は上部のセパレータで分級され、ミル精粉を得ると共に、粒径の大きい焼却灰は再びローラとテーブルで粉砕される。テーブルの周囲にはダムリングが設けられ、ダムリングを超えて落下して排出されるのがミル排石である。竪型ローラーミル３には種々の形式があり、本発明では竪型ローラーミル３の形式は問わない。 The vertical roller mill 3 is a device that crushes incineration ash while compressing and shearing between a plurality of rollers and a rotating table. The crushed incineration ash is classified by the upper separator to obtain mill refined powder, and the incineration ash having a large particle size is crushed again by a roller and a table. A dam ring is provided around the table, and it is the mill stone that falls beyond the dam ring and is discharged. There are various types of vertical roller mills 3, and in the present invention, the type of vertical roller mills 3 does not matter.
磁選機４としては、吊り下げ式、ドラム式又はプーリー式のものを用いることができ、吊り下げ式のものを２段にわたって配置することが好ましい。また、磁選機４の磁石の磁束密度を３０００ガウス以上とすることで、ミル排石に含まれる鉄分、ステンレス及びクロムを磁着物として回収することができる。 As the magnetic separator 4, a hanging type, a drum type, or a pulley type can be used, and it is preferable to arrange the hanging type in two stages. Further, by setting the magnetic flux density of the magnet of the magnetic separator 4 to 3000 gauss or more, iron, stainless steel and chromium contained in the mill stone can be recovered as magnetic deposits.
篩選別機５は、磁選機４からの非磁着物を２粒群以上に分離するために設けられ、篩い目は０．３〜１０ｍｍとすることができる。後段で粒群毎に選別することで、選別効率が向上する。また、非磁着物を３粒群以上に分離する際は、篩い目の設定を２ｍｍ以上の差とすることが好ましい（例えば、０．５ｍｍと３ｍｍ）。尚、篩選別機５を設けずに、磁選機４からの非磁着物のすべてを比重選別、渦電流選別等で処理してもよい。 The sieve sorter 5 is provided to separate the non-magnetic deposits from the magnetic separator 4 into two or more grain groups, and the sieve mesh can be 0.3 to 10 mm. Sorting efficiency is improved by sorting by grain group in the latter stage. Further, when separating the non-magnetic material into three or more grain groups, it is preferable to set the sieve mesh to a difference of 2 mm or more (for example, 0.5 mm and 3 mm). It should be noted that all the non-magnetic deposits from the magnetic separator 4 may be processed by specific gravity sorting, eddy current sorting, or the like without providing the sieve sorting machine 5.
比重選別機６、８は、篩選別機５による篩上物及び篩下物を各々別々に、アルミニウムの他、ガラス、陶器、小石等のシリカ（Ｓｉ）を含む軽産物Ａ、Ｂと、金、銀等の貴金属や、銅（銅合金）を含む重産物Ａ、Ｂとに分離するために設けられ、エアテーブル等の選別装置を用いることができる。 In the specific gravity sorters 6 and 8, the sieving products and the sieving products produced by the sieving machine 5 are separately separated from aluminum, as well as light products A and B containing silica (Si) such as glass, pottery, and pebbles, and gold. , It is provided to separate precious metals such as silver and heavy products A and B containing copper (copper alloy), and a sorting device such as an air table can be used.
渦電流選別機７、９は、軽産物Ａ、Ｂを各々別々に、アルミニウムを多く含む導電産物Ａ、Ｂと、シリカ粒子を多く含む非導電産物Ａ、Ｂとに分離するために設けられ、ロータの回転数は、１５００ｒｐｍ以上とすることができる。篩下物側の渦電流選別機９においては、ロータの回転数を高くした方が選別効率が向上するため、好ましくは３０００ｒｐｍとする。 The eddy current sorters 7 and 9 are provided to separately separate the light products A and B into the conductive products A and B containing a large amount of aluminum and the non-conductive products A and B containing a large amount of silica particles. The rotation speed of the rotor can be 1500 rpm or more. In the eddy current sorter 9 on the sieve material side, the higher the rotation speed of the rotor is, the higher the sorting efficiency is, so that the speed is preferably 3000 rpm.
次に、上記構成を有する回収システム１の動作について図１を参照しながら説明する。
Next, the operation of the
受け入れた焼却灰を予備処理設備２で予備処理し、焼却灰の含水率を好ましくは５重量％以下、最大粒径を好ましくは４０ｍｍ以下、より好ましくは２０ｍｍ以下に調整する。 The received incineration ash is pretreated in the pretreatment facility 2, and the water content of the incineration ash is adjusted to preferably 5% by weight or less, and the maximum particle size is preferably 40 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less.
次に、予備処理した焼却灰を竪型ローラーミル３で粉砕する。この際、ミル排石の嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上、好ましくは１．５ｔ／ｍ3以上となるように調整する。ミル排石の嵩密度は、例えばダムリングの高さを調整することで調整可能である。ダムリングの高さを高くすれば、ミルのテーブル上における焼却灰の滞留時間が長くなり、より細かく粉砕されるため、嵩密度が大きくなる。一方、ダムリングの高さを低くすれば、ミルのテーブル上における焼却灰の滞留時間が短くなり、完全に粉砕されない粒子も発生するため、嵩密度が小さくなる。 Next, the pretreated incineration ash is crushed by the vertical roller mill 3. At this time, the bulk density of the mill stone is adjusted to be 1.3 t / m 3 or more, preferably 1.5 t / m 3 or more. The bulk density of mill stones can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the height of the dam ring. If the height of the dam ring is increased, the residence time of the incineration ash on the table of the mill becomes longer, and the incineration ash is crushed more finely, so that the bulk density increases. On the other hand, if the height of the dam ring is lowered, the residence time of the incinerated ash on the table of the mill is shortened, and particles that are not completely crushed are generated, so that the bulk density is reduced.
竪型ローラーミル３のミル排石を磁選機４に供給して磁力選別し、ミル排石に含まれる鉄、ステンレス、クロム等を磁着物として回収する。 The mill stones of the vertical roller mill 3 are supplied to the magnetic separator 4 to be magnetically sorted, and iron, stainless steel, chromium, etc. contained in the mill stones are recovered as magnetic deposits.
一方、竪型ローラーミル３から排出される非磁着物を篩選別機５で篩選別し、篩上物（中粒）と篩下物（細粒）とに分離する。 On the other hand, the non-magnetic material discharged from the vertical roller mill 3 is sieve-sorted by the sieve sorter 5 and separated into a sieve product (medium grain) and a sieve product (fine grain).
次に、篩上物及び篩下物の各々を比重選別機６、８で比重選別し、アルミニウムの他、ガラス、陶器、小石等のシリカ粒子を含む軽産物Ａ、Ｂと、貴金属や、銅（銅合金）を含む重産物Ａ、Ｂとに分離する。 Next, each of the sieving product and the sieving product is subjected to specific gravity sorting by specific gravity sorters 6 and 8, and light products A and B containing silica particles such as glass, pottery, and pebbles in addition to aluminum, precious metals, and copper. Separates into heavy products A and B containing (copper alloy).
さらに、比重選別機６、８で得られた軽産物Ａ、Ｂを各々別々に渦電流選別機７、９で渦電流を用いて分離し、アルミニウムを多く含む導電産物Ａ、Ｂと、シリカ粒子を多く含む非導電産物Ａ、Ｂとに分離する。シリカ粒子を多く含む非導電産物Ａ、Ｂは、粉砕可能であるため、竪型ローラーミル３に戻して再度粉砕する。竪型ローラーミル３に戻す際に、粉砕が困難な粒子が多く含まれると再度ミル排石として排出され、粉砕が困難な粒子が半永久的に循環することとなるため、後工程で鉄、ステンレス、銅、アルミニウムなどの金属を回収することが重要となる。 Further, the light products A and B obtained by the specific gravity sorters 6 and 8 are separately separated by the eddy current sorters 7 and 9 using eddy currents, and the conductive products A and B containing a large amount of aluminum and the silica particles are separated. It is separated into non-conductive products A and B containing a large amount of. Since the non-conductive products A and B containing a large amount of silica particles can be pulverized, they are returned to the vertical roller mill 3 and pulverized again. When returning to the vertical roller mill 3, if a large amount of particles that are difficult to crush are contained, they are discharged again as mill stones, and the particles that are difficult to crush circulate semipermanently. Therefore, iron and stainless steel are used in the subsequent process. It is important to recover metals such as copper and aluminum.
次に、本発明の試験例について説明する。 Next, a test example of the present invention will be described.
上記竪型ローラーミル３によって焼却灰を粉砕し、その際、ミル排石の嵩密度を変化させ、異なる嵩密度のミル排石に含まれる貴金属等の有価金属の含有量を測定した。測定結果を表１に示す。 The incineration ash was crushed by the vertical roller mill 3, and at that time, the bulk density of the mill stones was changed, and the content of valuable metals such as precious metals contained in the mill stones of different bulk densities was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
表１より、ミル排石の嵩密度が１．３ｔ／ｍ3以上であれば、シリカを除くすべての金属特に貴金属の含有量が低嵩密度の場合よりも増加し、嵩密度が１．５ｔ／ｍ3以上になると、これらの金属含有量が大幅に増加することが分かる。 From Table 1, when the bulk density of milled stones is 1.3 t / m 3 or more, the content of all metals except silica, especially noble metals, is higher than that of low bulk density, and the bulk density is 1.5 t. / m 3 becomes above, it can be seen that these metal content is greatly increased.
上述のように、竪型ローラーミル３のミル排石を嵩密度で運転管理することで、貴金属等の金属の過粉砕を抑制して回収率の向上を図り、さらには竪型ローラーミル３の振動・摩耗防止といった運転安定化にも繋がる。また、本発明によれば、金属特に銅、亜鉛、クロム等の重金属がミル精粉に含まれることを防ぐ効果があるため、ミル精粉を原料とするエコセメントプラントで製造されたクリンカや、セメントキルンから抽気するダストの品質向上にも繋がる。 As described above, by controlling the operation of the mill stones of the vertical roller mill 3 with bulk density, over-crushing of metals such as precious metals can be suppressed to improve the recovery rate, and further, the vertical roller mill 3 can be operated. It also leads to stable operation such as vibration and wear prevention. Further, according to the present invention, since there is an effect of preventing metals, especially heavy metals such as copper, zinc and chromium, from being contained in the mill refined powder, clinker manufactured in an eco-cement plant using milled refined powder as a raw material, or It also improves the quality of dust extracted from cement kiln.
尚、上記実施の形態においては、竪型ローラーミル３の後段に、磁選機４〜渦電流選別機７、９の各々の装置を設けたが、必ずしもすべての装置を設ける必要はなく、焼却灰の性状、回収すべき金属の種類等によって適宜構成を変更することができ、各装置の型式、能力等も適宜変更可能である。 In the above embodiment, the devices of the magnetic separator 4 to the eddy current sorters 7 and 9 are provided after the vertical roller mill 3, but it is not always necessary to provide all the devices, and the incineration ash is incinerated. The configuration can be appropriately changed depending on the properties of the device, the type of metal to be recovered, etc., and the model, capacity, etc. of each device can be appropriately changed.
また、竪型ローラーミル３を例示したが、嵩密度を管理できる粉砕方法であれば、装置は竪型ローラーミル３に限定されず、ジョークラッシャ、ハンマークラッシャ、インパクトクラッシャのような破砕機で破砕した後、風力選別や篩い分け選別によって微粒分を除去した後、再度破砕機で処理し、目標の嵩密度になるまで破砕を繰り返す粉砕システムであってもよく、竪型ローラーミル３の内部で起きている微粒分の除去と粗粒分の循環・滞留破砕と同等の効果を得ることができれば、破砕機や粉砕機の種類や他の装置との構成は問わない。 Further, although the vertical roller mill 3 has been illustrated, the apparatus is not limited to the vertical roller mill 3 as long as it is a crushing method capable of controlling the bulk density, and crushing is performed by a crusher such as a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher, or an impact crusher. After that, fine particles may be removed by wind sorting or sieving sorting, and then treated again with a crusher, and crushing may be repeated until the target bulk density is reached. Inside the vertical roller mill 3. As long as it is possible to obtain the same effect as the removal of the fine particles that are occurring and the circulation / retention crushing of the coarse particles, the type of crusher or crusher or the configuration with other devices does not matter.
さらに、都市ごみ焼却灰等の焼却灰から有価金属を回収する場合を例示したが、焼却灰以外の有価金属を含む廃棄物を処理することも可能である。 Further, although the case of recovering valuable metals from incineration ash such as municipal waste incineration ash has been illustrated, it is also possible to treat waste containing valuable metals other than incineration ash.
１ 有価金属回収システム
２ 予備処理設備
３ 竪型ローラーミル
４ 磁選機
５ 篩選別機
６、８ 比重選別機
７、９ 渦電流選別機
1 Valuable metal recovery system 2 Pretreatment equipment 3 Vertical roller mill 4 Magnetic separator 5 Sift sorter 6, 8 Specific gravity sorter 7, 9 Eddy current sorter
Claims (12)
該篩上物及び篩下物の各々を比重選別により軽産物と重産物とに分離し、各々の重産物から有価金属を回収することを特徴とする請求項３に記載の有価金属回収方法。 The non-magnetic material is separated into a sieving product and a sieving product by sieving and sorting.
The valuable metal recovery method according to claim 3, wherein each of the sieved product and the sieved product is separated into a light product and a heavy product by specific gravity sorting, and the valuable metal is recovered from each heavy product.
該粉砕物から有価金属を回収する有価金属回収手段とを備えることを特徴とする有価金属回収システム。 A crushing system that crushes the waste so that a crushed product having a bulk density of 1.3 t / m 3 or more can be obtained from the waste containing valuable metals.
A valuable metal recovery system including a valuable metal recovery means for recovering valuable metals from the pulverized material.
該篩選別機で分離された篩上物及び篩下物の各々を軽産物と重産物とに分離する比重選別機とを備え、
前記有価金属回収手段は、前記比重選別機で分離された各々の重産物から有価金属を回収することを特徴とする請求項９に記載の有価金属回収システム。 A sieving sorter that separates the non-magnetic material into a sieving product and a sieving product.
A specific gravity sorter for separating each of the upper and lower sieve products separated by the sieve sorter into light products and heavy products is provided.
The valuable metal recovery system according to claim 9, wherein the valuable metal recovery means recovers valuable metals from each heavy product separated by the specific gravity sorter.
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