JP7097183B2 - Anti-vibration foundation - Google Patents

Anti-vibration foundation Download PDF

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JP7097183B2
JP7097183B2 JP2018005448A JP2018005448A JP7097183B2 JP 7097183 B2 JP7097183 B2 JP 7097183B2 JP 2018005448 A JP2018005448 A JP 2018005448A JP 2018005448 A JP2018005448 A JP 2018005448A JP 7097183 B2 JP7097183 B2 JP 7097183B2
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vibration
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pile
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spring
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JP2019124054A (en
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典生 田口
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Taisei Corp
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本発明は、振動発生源が設置される防振基礎に関する。 The present invention relates to a vibration-proof foundation in which a vibration source is installed.

従来より、振動発生源である機械を基礎の上に設置する場合、この機械による振動を低減するため、以下のような構造が提案されている(特許文献1~3参照)。
特許文献1には、中空の杭体と、この杭体内に進退自在に配置された重錘と、この重錘と杭体との間に設けられた弾性体と、を備える制振杭が示されている。この制振杭を地盤に打ち込んで構造物を支持することで、構造物と地盤との間で伝達される振動により、重錘に反力を生じさせて振動を低減させる。
Conventionally, when a machine that is a vibration source is installed on a foundation, the following structures have been proposed in order to reduce the vibration caused by this machine (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
Patent Document 1 shows a vibration-damping pile including a hollow pile body, a weight freely arranged in the pile body, and an elastic body provided between the weight and the pile body. Has been done. By driving this vibration damping pile into the ground to support the structure, the vibration transmitted between the structure and the ground causes a reaction force on the weight to reduce the vibration.

特許文献2には、地盤中に打ち込まれた杭と、この杭の頭部に構築された矩形ブロック状の基礎と、基礎の四隅に立設された支柱と、支柱に上下方向へ位置調整可能に取り付けられた重錘と、を備える基礎制振装置が示されている。基礎上に据え付けた振動機器を運転し、振動機器と基礎側とが共振した場合に、支柱に対する重錘の取り付け高さを変更する。 Patent Document 2 describes a pile driven into the ground, a rectangular block-shaped foundation built on the head of this pile, columns erected at the four corners of the foundation, and the positions of the columns can be adjusted in the vertical direction. A basic vibration damping device with a weight attached to is shown. The vibration device installed on the foundation is operated, and when the vibration device and the foundation side resonate, the mounting height of the weight to the support is changed.

特許文献3には、杭と、この杭の上に構築されたマット基礎増厚部と、マット基礎増厚部の上に防振材を介して構築されて機器が載置される機器基礎と、を備える基礎構造が示されている。機器の荷重は、マット基礎増厚部から杭に伝達されるので、マット基礎の厚さを薄くできる。 Patent Document 3 describes a pile, a mat foundation thickening portion constructed on the pile, and an equipment foundation constructed on the mat foundation thickening portion via a vibration-proof material and on which equipment is placed. The foundation structure with, is shown. Since the load of the equipment is transmitted from the mat foundation thickening portion to the pile, the thickness of the mat foundation can be reduced.

特許2690357号公報Japanese Patent No. 2690357 特開2001-295300号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-295300 特開2002-167779号公報JP-A-2002-167779

本発明は、基礎上に振動発生源を設置した後であっても、基礎の固有周期を振動発生機械の固有周期から外れるように容易に調整可能な防振基礎を提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration-proof foundation in which the natural period of the foundation can be easily adjusted so as to deviate from the natural period of the vibration generating machine even after the vibration source is installed on the foundation. ..

本発明者らは、振動発生機械の振動を低減させる防振基礎として、振動発生機械が設置された浮き基礎体をばね材が設置された杭で支持することで、防振基礎を大型化することなく、杭やばね材が負担する鉛直荷重を増大できるとともに、浮き基礎体を支えるばね材を調整または交換することで、防振基礎の固有周期を振動発生機械の固有周期帯から外れるように容易に調整できる点に着眼して、本発明に至った。
第1の発明の防振基礎(例えば、後述の防振基礎1)は、振動発生源(例えば、後述の振動発生機械3)から地盤(例えば、後述の地盤2)に伝わる振動を低減させる防振基礎であって、前記地盤に埋設された杭(例えば、後述の杭10)と、当該杭の上面に設けられたばね(例えば、後述のばね20)と、当該ばねの上に設けられたコンクリート製の浮き基礎体(例えば、後述の浮き基礎体30)と、当該浮き基礎体に固定されて前記ばねを上下に貫通して前記杭の内部に挿入された連結部材(例えば、後述の連結部材40)と、を備えることを特徴とする。
As a vibration-proof foundation that reduces the vibration of the vibration-generating machine, the present inventors increase the size of the vibration-proof foundation by supporting the floating foundation on which the vibration-generating machine is installed with a pile on which a spring material is installed. The vertical load borne by the pile and spring material can be increased without any problem, and by adjusting or replacing the spring material that supports the floating foundation, the natural period of the vibration-proof foundation can be deviated from the natural period zone of the vibration generating machine. We came up with the present invention by focusing on the point that it can be easily adjusted.
The anti-vibration foundation of the first invention (for example, the anti-vibration foundation 1 described later) reduces vibration transmitted from a vibration source (for example, a vibration generating machine 3 described later) to the ground (for example, the ground 2 described later). A swaying foundation, a pile buried in the ground (for example, a pile 10 described later), a spring provided on the upper surface of the pile (for example, a spring 20 described later), and concrete provided on the spring. A floating foundation body (for example, a floating foundation body 30 described later) and a connecting member fixed to the floating foundation body, penetrating the spring up and down and inserted into the inside of the pile (for example, a connecting member described later). 40) and.

この発明によれば、杭、ばね、浮き基礎体を直列に配置したので、浮き基礎体の上に振動発生機械を設置した後であっても、ばねの構成を適宜変更することで、防振基礎の固有周期が振動発生源の固有周期から外れるように容易に調整可能である。よって、振動発生源と防振基礎との共振現象を抑制して、振動発生源から周辺地盤に伝播する振動を低減できる。 According to the present invention, since the pile, the spring, and the floating base body are arranged in series, vibration isolation can be performed by appropriately changing the configuration of the spring even after installing the vibration generating machine on the floating base body. The natural period of the foundation can be easily adjusted to deviate from the natural period of the vibration source. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the resonance phenomenon between the vibration source and the vibration-proof foundation and reduce the vibration propagating from the vibration source to the surrounding ground.

また、従来では、地盤上に厚くて重くどっしりしたマッシブな基礎を設け、その基礎上にばねを介して浮き基礎体を設ける場合や、地盤上にコンクリート基礎を設け、そのコンクリート基礎上にばねを介して浮き基礎体を設ける場合があった。しかしながら、本発明によれば、地盤に杭を埋設し、この杭でばねを介して浮き基礎体を支持したので、各杭に加わる基礎の重量が大きくなるため、従来の二重基礎構造のように、基礎や底板コンクリートを大型化して重量を増大させる必要はなく、防振基礎の建設コストを低減できる。 In addition, conventionally, when a thick, heavy and massive foundation is provided on the ground and a floating foundation is provided on the foundation via a spring, or when a concrete foundation is provided on the ground and a spring is placed on the concrete foundation. In some cases, a floating foundation was provided through the structure. However, according to the present invention, since a pile is buried in the ground and the floating foundation body is supported by the pile via a spring, the weight of the foundation applied to each pile becomes large, so that it is similar to the conventional double foundation structure. In addition, it is not necessary to increase the size of the foundation or bottom plate concrete to increase the weight, and the construction cost of the anti-vibration foundation can be reduced.

第2の発明の防振基礎は、前記ばねは、皿ばね(例えば、後述の皿ばね21)であることを特徴とする。
この発明によれば、浮き基礎体を皿ばねを介して杭で支持した。この皿ばねは、浮き基礎体と杭上面との間の僅かな高さ空間であっても設置可能である。また、皿ばねの高さ方向と水平方向との寸法比を変えたり、皿ばねを複数枚重ねたりすることで、様々なばね特性を得ることができる。よって、浮き基礎型式の防振基礎の固有周期を容易に調整できる。
The vibration-proof foundation of the second invention is characterized in that the spring is a disc spring (for example, a disc spring 21 described later).
According to the present invention, the floating foundation body was supported by piles via disc springs. This disc spring can be installed even in a small height space between the floating foundation body and the upper surface of the pile. Further, various spring characteristics can be obtained by changing the dimensional ratio between the height direction and the horizontal direction of the disc springs or by stacking a plurality of disc springs. Therefore, the natural period of the anti-vibration foundation of the floating foundation type can be easily adjusted.

第3の発明の防振基礎は、前記浮き基礎体の壁面と前記杭との間の地盤上または底板コンクリート上には、前記浮き基礎体の水平移動を規制する水平移動規制部材(例えば、後述の水平移動規制部材50)が設けられていることを特徴とする。 The vibration-proof foundation of the third invention is a horizontal movement restricting member (for example, described later) that regulates the horizontal movement of the floating foundation on the ground or bottom plate concrete between the wall surface of the floating foundation and the pile. The horizontal movement restricting member 50) is provided.

この発明によれば、水平移動規制部材を浮き基礎体の壁面と杭との間の地盤上または底板コンクリート上に設けた。よって、地震により大きな水平力が浮き基礎体に作用した際には、浮き基礎体が水平移動規制部材に当接することで、浮き基礎体の水平移動を抑制できる。また、水平移動規制部材を浮き基礎体の内側に設置したので、振動発生源の配置の自由度を確保できる。 According to the present invention, the horizontal movement restricting member is provided on the ground between the wall surface of the floating foundation body and the pile or on the bottom plate concrete. Therefore, when a large horizontal force acts on the floating foundation due to an earthquake, the floating foundation comes into contact with the horizontal movement restricting member, so that the horizontal movement of the floating foundation can be suppressed. In addition, since the horizontal movement restricting member is installed inside the floating base body, the degree of freedom in arranging the vibration source can be secured.

第4の発明の防振基礎は、前記ばねは、前記浮き基礎体の上面および下面のそれぞれに設けられ、前記連結部材は、当該各ばねを上下に貫通して前記杭の内部に挿入されることを特徴とする。 In the vibration-proof foundation of the fourth invention, the springs are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the floating foundation body, respectively, and the connecting member is inserted into the pile by penetrating the springs up and down. It is characterized by that.

この発明によれば、浮き基礎体の上面および下面のそれぞれにばねを設けたので、振動発生源の挙動は、振動発生源と浮き基礎体とを併せて1つの質点として、直列ばね形式による1質点系の振動系とみなすことができる。よって、既に防振基礎を構築し、浮き基礎体の上に振動発生源を設置した後であっても、浮き基礎体の上面のばねを適宜調整あるいは交換することで、防振基礎の固有周期を容易に変更できる。 According to the present invention, since springs are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the floating base body, the behavior of the vibration source is based on the series spring type as one mass point of the vibration source and the floating base body. It can be regarded as a mass point system vibration system. Therefore, even after the vibration-proof foundation has already been constructed and the vibration source has been installed on the floating foundation, the natural period of the vibration-proof foundation can be adjusted or replaced as appropriate by adjusting or replacing the spring on the upper surface of the floating foundation. Can be easily changed.

本発明によれば、基礎の上に振動発生源を設置した後であっても、基礎の固有周期を振動発生源の固有周期から外れるように容易に調整できる防振基礎を提供できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vibration-proof foundation in which the natural period of the foundation can be easily adjusted so as to deviate from the natural period of the vibration source even after the vibration source is installed on the foundation.

本発明の第1実施形態に係る防振基礎の側面図である。It is a side view of the vibration-proof foundation which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図1に示す防振基礎のA-A断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the anti-vibration foundation shown in FIG. 図1に示す防振基礎の破線Cで囲んだ部分の拡大断面図である。It is an enlarged sectional view of the part surrounded by the broken line C of the anti-vibration foundation shown in FIG. 防振基礎を構成する皿ばねによる振動低減効果に関するパラメータ解析結果を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the parameter analysis result about the vibration reduction effect by the disc spring which constitutes the vibration-proof foundation. 本発明の第2実施形態に係る防振基礎の部分拡大断面図である。It is a partially enlarged sectional view of the vibration isolation foundation which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第3実施形態に係る防振基礎の平面図および部分拡大断面図である。It is a plan view and a partially enlarged sectional view of the vibration-proof foundation which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第4実施形態に係る防振基礎の部分拡大断面図である。It is a partially enlarged sectional view of the vibration-proof foundation which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

本発明は、振動発生機械の振動を低減させるための浮き基礎型式の防振基礎構造である。第1実施形態は、振動発生機械が設置された浮き基礎体の下面周縁に切り欠き部を設け、その切り欠き部をばねを介して杭で支持した浮き基礎型式(図1~図3)である。第2実施形態は、浮き基礎体の上面および下面のそれぞれにばねを配置し、これら上下のばねを介して浮き基礎体と杭とを連結した浮き基礎型式(図5)である。第3、4実施形態は、浮き基礎体に切り欠き部を設けず、ばねを介して浮き基礎体と杭とを連結した浮き基礎型式(図6、図7)である。 The present invention is a floating foundation type anti-vibration foundation structure for reducing the vibration of a vibration generating machine. The first embodiment is a floating foundation model (FIGS. 1 to 3) in which a notch is provided on the lower peripheral edge of a floating foundation on which a vibration generating machine is installed, and the notch is supported by a pile via a spring. be. The second embodiment is a floating foundation type (FIG. 5) in which springs are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the floating foundation body, and the floating foundation body and the pile are connected via the upper and lower springs. The third and fourth embodiments are floating foundation types (FIGS. 6 and 7) in which the floating foundation body and the pile are connected via a spring without providing a notch in the floating foundation body.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、以下の実施形態の説明にあたって、同一構成要件については同一符号を付し、その説明を省略もしくは簡略化する。
〔第1実施形態〕
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る防振基礎1の側面図である。図2は、図1の防振基礎1のA-A断面図である。
防振基礎1は、振動発生機械3から地盤2に伝わる振動を低減させるものであり、地盤2上に構築されている。この防振基礎1の上には、振動発生源としての振動発生機械3が設置されている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the same components will be designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a side view of the vibration isolation foundation 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the anti-vibration foundation 1 of FIG.
The vibration-proof foundation 1 reduces the vibration transmitted from the vibration generating machine 3 to the ground 2, and is built on the ground 2. A vibration generating machine 3 as a vibration generating source is installed on the vibration isolating foundation 1.

防振基礎1は、地盤2の表面に打設された底板コンクリート4と、底板コンクリート4を貫通して地盤2に埋設された複数本の筒状の杭10と、これら杭10の上面に設けられたばね20と、ばね20の上に設けられた浮き基礎体30と、浮き基礎体30に固定されてばね20を上下に貫通し杭10の内部に上下動可能に挿入された連結部材40と、底板コンクリート4上に設けられて浮き基礎体30の水平移動を規制する水平移動規制部材50と、を備える。振動発生機械3は、浮き基礎体30の上に設置されている。 The anti-vibration foundation 1 is provided on the bottom plate concrete 4 placed on the surface of the ground 2, a plurality of tubular piles 10 embedded in the ground 2 through the bottom plate concrete 4, and the upper surface of these piles 10. A spring 20 that has been formed, a floating foundation body 30 provided on the spring 20, and a connecting member 40 that is fixed to the floating foundation body 30 and penetrates the spring 20 up and down and is vertically and vertically inserted into the pile 10. The bottom plate concrete 4 is provided with a horizontal movement restricting member 50 that regulates the horizontal movement of the floating foundation body 30. The vibration generating machine 3 is installed on the floating base body 30.

図3は、図1の防振基礎1の破線Cで囲んだ部分の拡大断面図である。
浮き基礎体30は、鉄筋コンクリート造の略直方体形状であり、底板コンクリート4の上に僅かな隙間70を空けて配置されている。浮き基礎体30と底板コンクリート4との隙間70は、ばね20が縮んで浮き基礎体30が沈み込んだ場合であっても、浮き基礎体30が底板コンクリート4に衝突しない程度の幅となっている。
また、この浮き基礎体30の下面周縁部には、切り欠き部31が形成されている。この切り欠き部31は、壁面31Aと天井面31Bとで構成される。浮き基礎体30のうち杭10の直上となる位置には、上下に延びる貫通孔32が形成され、この貫通孔32には、円筒形状のスリーブ33が取り付けられている。
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the anti-vibration foundation 1 of FIG. 1 surrounded by a broken line C.
The floating foundation body 30 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape made of reinforced concrete, and is arranged on the bottom plate concrete 4 with a slight gap 70. The gap 70 between the floating foundation body 30 and the bottom plate concrete 4 has a width such that the floating foundation body 30 does not collide with the bottom plate concrete 4 even when the spring 20 contracts and the floating foundation body 30 sinks. There is.
Further, a notch portion 31 is formed in the lower peripheral peripheral portion of the floating base body 30. The cutout portion 31 is composed of a wall surface 31A and a ceiling surface 31B. A through hole 32 extending vertically is formed at a position of the floating base body 30 directly above the pile 10, and a cylindrical sleeve 33 is attached to the through hole 32.

杭10は、浮き基礎体30の周縁部に沿って配置されている。具体的には、浮き基礎体30の切り欠き部31の天井面31Bの下に配置されている、この杭10は、円筒形状のPHC杭(Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete Piles)などの既製コンクリート杭である。この杭10の上端部には、図3に示すように、鋼製のパイルキャップ11が取り付けられている。パイルキャップ11は、杭10の内部を塞ぐ閉塞部12と、閉塞部12の周縁部から杭10の内壁面に沿って延びる筒状の壁部13と、壁部13の上端に設けられて杭10の上端面に係止する円環状の係止部14と、を備える。
ばね20は、円環状の鋼製の皿ばね21が複数枚積層されて構成されている。このばね20は、杭10の上端面に係止されたパイルキャップ11の係止部14の上に設けられている。なお、ばね20を構成する皿ばね21の枚数は、振動発生機械3により発生する振動の周波数や目標とする振動の減衰率に基づいて、適宜決定されてよい。
The pile 10 is arranged along the peripheral edge of the floating foundation body 30. Specifically, this pile 10, which is arranged under the ceiling surface 31B of the notch portion 31 of the floating foundation body 30, is a ready-made concrete pile such as a cylindrical PHC pile (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete Piles). be. As shown in FIG. 3, a steel pile cap 11 is attached to the upper end of the pile 10. The pile cap 11 is provided at the closed portion 12 that closes the inside of the pile 10, a tubular wall portion 13 that extends from the peripheral edge portion of the closed portion 12 along the inner wall surface of the pile 10, and a pile provided at the upper end of the wall portion 13. An annular locking portion 14 that locks to the upper end surface of the 10 is provided.
The spring 20 is configured by laminating a plurality of annular steel disc springs 21. The spring 20 is provided on the locking portion 14 of the pile cap 11 locked to the upper end surface of the pile 10. The number of disc springs 21 constituting the spring 20 may be appropriately determined based on the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating machine 3 and the damping rate of the target vibration.

連結部材40は、図3に示すように、上下方向に延びる円柱形状のガイド部41と、このガイド部41の上端に鍔状に形成された係止部42と、を備える。連結部材40のガイド部41は、浮き基礎体30のスリーブ33に上から挿入され、このスリーブ33および皿ばね21の内部を貫通して、杭10に取り付けたパイルキャップ11の内部まで延びている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting member 40 includes a cylindrical guide portion 41 extending in the vertical direction and a locking portion 42 formed in a crossguard shape at the upper end of the guide portion 41. The guide portion 41 of the connecting member 40 is inserted into the sleeve 33 of the floating foundation body 30 from above, penetrates the inside of the sleeve 33 and the disc spring 21, and extends to the inside of the pile cap 11 attached to the pile 10. ..

連結部材40の係止部42は、ボルト43で浮き基礎体30に固定されている。これにより、振動発生機械3により振動が発生した際に、連結部材40ががたつくのを防止している。なお、このボルト43は、不要である場合には省略することができる。
また、連結部材40のガイド部41の外周面には、表面処理または注油を行うことにより、スリーブ33、皿ばね21、およびパイルキャップ11の壁部13に対する摩擦抵抗が低減されている。ガイド部41の外周面とスリーブ33との間には、地震発生時に浮き基礎体30に水平変位が生じた場合であっても、スリーブ33の内周面がガイド部41に衝突しない程度に、隙間71が形成されている。
また、ガイド部41をパイルキャップ11の内部に挿入した状態では、ガイド部41の先端とパイルキャップ11の閉塞部12との間に隙間72が形成されるようになっている。ガイド部41の先端とパイルキャップ11の閉塞部12との隙間72の幅は、浮き基礎体30と底板コンクリート4との隙間70の幅と同程度であり、ばね20が縮んでガイド部41が沈み込んだ場合であっても、ガイド部41の先端とパイルキャップ11の閉塞部12とが衝突しないようになっている。
The locking portion 42 of the connecting member 40 is fixed to the floating base body 30 by a bolt 43. This prevents the connecting member 40 from rattling when vibration is generated by the vibration generating machine 3. The bolt 43 can be omitted if it is not needed.
Further, by surface-treating or lubricating the outer peripheral surface of the guide portion 41 of the connecting member 40, the frictional resistance against the wall portion 13 of the sleeve 33, the disc spring 21, and the pile cap 11 is reduced. Between the outer peripheral surface of the guide portion 41 and the sleeve 33, even if the floating foundation body 30 is horizontally displaced during an earthquake, the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 33 does not collide with the guide portion 41. A gap 71 is formed.
Further, in a state where the guide portion 41 is inserted inside the pile cap 11, a gap 72 is formed between the tip of the guide portion 41 and the closing portion 12 of the pile cap 11. The width of the gap 72 between the tip of the guide portion 41 and the closing portion 12 of the pile cap 11 is about the same as the width of the gap 70 between the floating foundation body 30 and the bottom plate concrete 4, and the spring 20 contracts to cause the guide portion 41 to shrink. Even when it sinks, the tip of the guide portion 41 and the closing portion 12 of the pile cap 11 do not collide with each other.

水平移動規制部材50は、切り欠き部31の壁面31Aと杭10との間に設けられており、浮き基礎体30の四辺に沿って直線状に延びる壁である。この水平移動規制部材50は、底板コンクリート4にボルト51で固定されている。浮き基礎体30の外壁面と水平移動規制部材50との間の隙間73の幅は、上述のスリーブ33の内周面とガイド部41との隙間71の幅よりも狭くなっている。これにより、地震発生時に浮き基礎体30に水平移動した場合、浮き基礎体30の水平移動を水平移動規制部材50が規制するため、スリーブ33の内周面がガイド部41に衝突しないようになっている。
防振基礎1は、以下のように動作する。振動発生機械3を運転すると、振動が発生するが、この振動は、ばね20で減衰されて杭10に伝達される。このとき、連結部材40のガイド部41が杭10に取り付けたパイルキャップ11の内部を上下動することにより、浮き基礎体30は上下に振動する。また、連結部材40のガイド部41および水平移動規制部材50は、想定を上回る地震荷重が加わった際に、浮き基礎体30が杭10から落下するのを防止するフェールセーフ機構として機能するとともに、浮き基礎体30が水平方向に移動するのを規制する。
The horizontal movement restricting member 50 is provided between the wall surface 31A of the cutout portion 31 and the pile 10, and is a wall extending linearly along the four sides of the floating foundation body 30. The horizontal movement restricting member 50 is fixed to the bottom plate concrete 4 with bolts 51. The width of the gap 73 between the outer wall surface of the floating foundation body 30 and the horizontal movement restricting member 50 is narrower than the width of the gap 71 between the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 33 and the guide portion 41. As a result, when the floating foundation body 30 moves horizontally when an earthquake occurs, the horizontal movement restricting member 50 regulates the horizontal movement of the floating foundation body 30, so that the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 33 does not collide with the guide portion 41. ing.
The anti-vibration foundation 1 operates as follows. When the vibration generating machine 3 is operated, vibration is generated, and this vibration is damped by the spring 20 and transmitted to the pile 10. At this time, the guide portion 41 of the connecting member 40 moves up and down inside the pile cap 11 attached to the pile 10, so that the floating foundation body 30 vibrates up and down. Further, the guide portion 41 of the connecting member 40 and the horizontal movement restricting member 50 function as a fail-safe mechanism for preventing the floating foundation body 30 from falling from the pile 10 when an earthquake load exceeding an assumption is applied. The floating foundation body 30 is restricted from moving in the horizontal direction.

また、浮き基礎体30の切り欠き部31の直下で杭10の外側近傍には、図示しないジャッキを取り付けるためのジャッキスペース60が設けられている。ばね20のメンテナンスを行う際には、このジャッキスペース60にジャッキを配置し、底板コンクリート4に反力をとって浮き基礎体30を支持する。底板コンクリート4を設けることで、ジャッキで浮き基礎体30を支持した際に、ジャッキが沈み込むのを防止している。 Further, a jack space 60 for attaching a jack (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the outside of the pile 10 directly below the cutout portion 31 of the floating base body 30. When performing maintenance of the spring 20, a jack is arranged in the jack space 60, and a reaction force is applied to the bottom plate concrete 4 to support the floating foundation body 30. By providing the bottom plate concrete 4, when the floating foundation body 30 is supported by the jack, the jack is prevented from sinking.

次に、上述の防振基礎の実施例について説明する。
杭およびばねの構造について、以下のように設定する。
杭:φ300mmのPHC杭を用いる。埋め込み杭とし、先端支持力のみで支持するものとする。
杭の支持地盤:N(値)=50
ばね:皿ばね1枚(外径250mm、内径127mm、厚さ10mm、高さ7mm)
杭の先端面の面積Aは、以下の式(1)により求められる。

Figure 0007097183000001
したがって、杭の長期許容支持力Rは、以下の式(2)により求められる。
Figure 0007097183000002
Next, an example of the above-mentioned anti-vibration foundation will be described.
The structure of piles and springs is set as follows.
Pile: A PHC pile with a diameter of 300 mm is used. It shall be an embedded pile and shall be supported only by the tip bearing capacity.
Supporting ground for piles: N (value) = 50
Spring: 1 disc spring (outer diameter 250 mm, inner diameter 127 mm, thickness 10 mm, height 7 mm)
The area Ap of the tip surface of the pile is calculated by the following equation (1).
Figure 0007097183000001
Therefore, the long-term allowable bearing capacity Rp of the pile is calculated by the following equation (2).
Figure 0007097183000002

皿ばねが50%撓んだ場合の荷重をfs50とし、このときの撓み量をts50とすると、fs50は、93.6kNつまり9.55tとなる。よって、fs50<Rpとなり、例えば、皿ばねが50%撓んだ場合でも杭が沈下しないと判断される。
また、この場合、皿ばねのばね定数kは、以下の式(3)により求められる。

Figure 0007097183000003
Assuming that the load when the disc spring is bent by 50% is f s50 and the amount of bending at this time is t s50 , f s50 is 93.6 kN, that is, 9.55 t. Therefore, f s50 <Rp, and it is determined that the pile does not sink even when the disc spring bends by 50%, for example.
Further, in this case, the spring constant ks of the disc spring is obtained by the following equation (3).
Figure 0007097183000003

次に、杭1本当りにかかる荷重Wを求める。振動発生機械および浮き基礎体について、以下のように設定する。
浮き基礎体の高さh:2m
単位面積当りの振動発生機械の重量m:2t/m
杭1本の負担面積A:1.4m
杭1本にかかる荷重Wは、鉄筋コンクリートの比重Sを2.4として、以下の式(4)で求められる。

Figure 0007097183000004
以上より、皿ばね1枚の防振振動数(固有振動数)fは、重力加速度Gを980(cm/S)として、以下の式(5)により求められる。
Figure 0007097183000005
Next, the load Wp applied to each pile is obtained. Set the vibration generating machine and the floating base as follows.
Floating foundation height h b : 2m
Weight of vibration generating machine per unit area m: 2t / m 2
Burden area of one pile Al: 1.4m 2
The load W p applied to one pile is calculated by the following equation (4), where the specific gravity Sc of the reinforced concrete is 2.4.
Figure 0007097183000004
From the above, the vibration-proof frequency (natural frequency) f 1 of one disc spring is obtained by the following equation (5) with the gravitational acceleration G as 980 (cm / S 2 ).
Figure 0007097183000005

同様に、皿ばね2枚を上下に直列に配置した場合の防振振動数(固有振動数)fは、以下の式(6)により求められる。

Figure 0007097183000006
同様に、皿ばね3枚を上下に直列に配置した場合の防振振動数(固有振動数)fは、以下の式(7)により求められる。
Figure 0007097183000007
Similarly, the vibration-proof frequency (natural frequency) f 2 when two disc springs are arranged vertically in series is obtained by the following equation (6).
Figure 0007097183000006
Similarly, the vibration-proof frequency (natural frequency) f3 when three disc springs are arranged vertically in series is obtained by the following equation (7).
Figure 0007097183000007

図4は、皿ばねによる振動低減効果に関するパラメータ解析結果であり、皿ばねを1枚単体で配置した場合、2枚直列に配置した場合、3枚直列に配置した場合における共振曲線を比較した図である。図4中、横軸は振動発生機械の振動数(Hz)であり、縦軸は振動低減効果(dB)である。図4より、振動発生機械の振動数が皿ばねの防振振動数から離れるに従って、振動低減効果が大きくなることが判る。例えば、振動発生機械の振動数が25Hzの場合、皿ばねを1枚単体で用いると、杭に伝わる振動を15.1dB低減でき、皿ばねを2枚直列で用いると、杭に伝わる振動を21.8dB低減でき、皿ばねを3枚直列で用いると、杭に伝わる振動を25.5dB低減できると推定される。 FIG. 4 is a parameter analysis result regarding the vibration reduction effect of the disc spring, and is a diagram comparing the resonance curves when one disc spring is arranged alone, two disc springs are arranged in series, and three disc springs are arranged in series. Is. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis is the frequency (Hz) of the vibration generating machine, and the vertical axis is the vibration reduction effect (dB). From FIG. 4, it can be seen that the vibration reducing effect increases as the frequency of the vibration generating machine deviates from the vibration-proof frequency of the disc spring. For example, when the frequency of the vibration generating machine is 25 Hz, the vibration transmitted to the pile can be reduced by 15.1 dB when one disc spring is used alone, and when two disc springs are used in series, the vibration transmitted to the pile is 21. It is estimated that the vibration transmitted to the pile can be reduced by 25.5 dB when three disc springs are used in series.

本実施形態によれば、以下のような効果がある。
(1)杭10、ばね20、浮き基礎体30を直列に配置したので、浮き基礎体30の上に振動発生機械3を設置した後であっても、ばね10の構成を適宜変更することで、防振基礎の固有周期が振動発生機械3の固有周期から外れるように容易に調整できる。
また、浮き基礎体30の切り欠き部31の下に杭10を設けたので、切り欠き部を設けない場合に比べて、振動発生機械3の重心高さを低くできるため、振動発生機械3の重心から地盤までの距離が短くなるため、杭10に作用するロッキング力(モーメント力)を低減できる。その結果、振動発生機械3から発生する加振力の周辺地盤2に伝播する振動伝達率を低く抑えることができる。
また、地盤2に杭10を設け、この杭10でばね20を介して浮き基礎体30を支持したので、従来の二重基礎構造のように、地盤に基礎を設ける必要がなく、コストを低減できる。
According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) Since the pile 10, the spring 20, and the floating base body 30 are arranged in series, the configuration of the spring 10 can be appropriately changed even after the vibration generating machine 3 is installed on the floating base body 30. , The natural period of the anti-vibration foundation can be easily adjusted so as to deviate from the natural period of the vibration generating machine 3.
Further, since the pile 10 is provided under the notch 31 of the floating base body 30, the height of the center of gravity of the vibration generating machine 3 can be lowered as compared with the case where the notch is not provided. Since the distance from the center of gravity to the ground is shortened, the locking force (moment force) acting on the pile 10 can be reduced. As a result, the vibration transmission coefficient propagating to the peripheral ground 2 of the exciting force generated from the vibration generating machine 3 can be suppressed to a low level.
Further, since the pile 10 is provided on the ground 2 and the floating foundation body 30 is supported by the pile 10 via the spring 20, it is not necessary to provide the foundation on the ground as in the conventional double foundation structure, and the cost is reduced. can.

(2)水平移動規制部材50を浮き基礎体30の切り欠き部31の壁面31Aと杭10との間の地盤2に設けた。よって、地震により大きな水平力が浮き基礎体30に作用した場合に、浮き基礎体30が水平移動規制部材50に当接することで、浮き基礎体30の水平移動を抑制できる。また、水平移動規制部材50を浮き基礎体30の内側に設置したので、振動発生機械3の配置の自由度を確保できる。
(3)浮き基礎体30の切り欠き部31の直下で杭10の外側近傍にジャッキスペース60が設けたので、このジャッキスペース60にジャッキを配置し、浮き基礎体30を支持することで、ばね20を構成する皿ばね21の交換や増減を容易にできる。
(4)ばね20として複数枚の皿ばね21を用いた。よって、皿ばね21として既製品を利用できるので、コストを削減できる。また、皿ばね21は厚み(高さ)が小さいので、防振基礎1の高さを低く抑えることができる。また、皿ばね21の枚数を変更するだけで、ばね20の特性を容易に調整できるので、防振基礎1の設計の自由度が高くなる。
(2) The horizontal movement restricting member 50 is provided on the ground 2 between the wall surface 31A of the notch 31 of the floating foundation body 30 and the pile 10. Therefore, when a large horizontal force acts on the floating foundation body 30 due to an earthquake, the floating foundation body 30 comes into contact with the horizontal movement restricting member 50, so that the horizontal movement of the floating foundation body 30 can be suppressed. Further, since the horizontal movement restricting member 50 is installed inside the floating base body 30, the degree of freedom in arranging the vibration generating machine 3 can be ensured.
(3) Since a jack space 60 is provided near the outside of the pile 10 directly under the cutout portion 31 of the floating base body 30, a jack is arranged in this jack space 60 to support the floating base body 30 to support a spring. The disc spring 21 constituting the 20 can be easily replaced or increased / decreased.
(4) A plurality of disc springs 21 were used as the spring 20. Therefore, since the ready-made product can be used as the disc spring 21, the cost can be reduced. Further, since the disc spring 21 has a small thickness (height), the height of the vibration-proof foundation 1 can be kept low. Further, since the characteristics of the spring 20 can be easily adjusted only by changing the number of disc springs 21, the degree of freedom in designing the anti-vibration foundation 1 is increased.

〔第2実施形態〕
図5は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る防振基礎1Aの部分拡大断面図である。
本実施形態では、ばね20A、20Bを浮き基礎体30の上面および下面のそれぞれに設けた点が、第1実施形態と異なる。
すなわち、杭10の中間高さ位置には、段差部15が形成されている。杭10の段差部15には、ばね20Aが配置され、杭10の上端面には、ばね20Bが配置されている。ばね20Aは、浮き基礎体30の下面に配置されており、ばね20Bは、浮き基礎体30の上面に配置されている。
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the anti-vibration foundation 1A according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the springs 20A and 20B are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the floating base body 30, respectively.
That is, a step portion 15 is formed at an intermediate height position of the pile 10. A spring 20A is arranged on the stepped portion 15 of the pile 10, and a spring 20B is arranged on the upper end surface of the pile 10. The spring 20A is arranged on the lower surface of the floating base body 30, and the spring 20B is arranged on the upper surface of the floating base body 30.

本実施形態によれば、上述の(1)~(4)に加えて、以下のような効果がある。
(5)浮き基礎体30の上面および下面のそれぞれにばね20A、20Bを設けたので、振動発生機械3の挙動は、振動発生機械3と浮き基礎体30とを併せて1つの質点として、直列ばね形式による1質点系の振動系とみなすことができる。よって、既に防振基礎1を構築し、浮き基礎体30の上に振動発生機械3を設置した後であっても、浮き基礎体30の上面のばね20Bを適宜調整あるいは交換することで、防振基礎1の固有周期を容易に変更できる。
According to this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned (1) to (4), the following effects are obtained.
(5) Since the springs 20A and 20B are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the floating base body 30, the behavior of the vibration generating machine 3 is such that the vibration generating machine 3 and the floating base body 30 are combined as one mass point in series. It can be regarded as a one-mass vibration system with a spring type. Therefore, even after the vibration-proof foundation 1 has already been constructed and the vibration generating machine 3 is installed on the floating foundation body 30, the spring 20B on the upper surface of the floating foundation body 30 can be appropriately adjusted or replaced to prevent vibration. The natural period of the shaking foundation 1 can be easily changed.

〔第3実施形態〕
図6は、本発明の第3実施形態に係る防振基礎1Bの平面図および部分拡大断面図である。
本実施形態では、浮き基礎体30Bおよび水平移動規制部材50Bの構造が、第1実施形態と異なる。
すなわち、浮き基礎体30Bは、切り欠き部が設けられておらず、一様な厚さとなっている。
杭10は、上端面の高さ位置が底板コンクリート4の上面と面一となるように配置されている。
水平移動規制部材50Bは、平面視で略L字形状であり、防振基礎1Bの対角線上の出隅部に一対設けられている。この一対の水平移動規制部材50Bは、浮き基礎体30Bの外側の底板コンクリート4上に設けられている。各水平移動規制部材50Bは、それぞれ、浮き基礎体30Bの隣り合う2側面を覆っており、各水平移動規制部材50Bと浮き基礎体30Bとの間には、隙間73が確保されている。
[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a plan view and a partially enlarged sectional view of the anti-vibration foundation 1B according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the structures of the floating foundation body 30B and the horizontal movement restricting member 50B are different from those of the first embodiment.
That is, the floating base body 30B is not provided with a notch and has a uniform thickness.
The pile 10 is arranged so that the height position of the upper end surface is flush with the upper surface of the bottom plate concrete 4.
The horizontal movement restricting member 50B has a substantially L-shape in a plan view, and is provided at a pair of diagonally protruding corners of the anti-vibration foundation 1B. The pair of horizontal movement restricting members 50B are provided on the bottom plate concrete 4 on the outer side of the floating foundation body 30B. Each of the horizontal movement restricting members 50B covers two adjacent side surfaces of the floating base body 30B, and a gap 73 is secured between each horizontal movement restricting member 50B and the floating base body 30B.

本実施形態によれば、上述の(1)、(4)に加えて、以下のような効果がある。
(6)略L字形状の水平移動規制部材50Bを浮き基礎体30Bの出隅部に一対設置することで、1つの水平移動規制部材50Bで浮き基礎体30Bの2方向の移動を規制可能である。
(7)浮き基礎体30Bに切り欠き部を設けないので、浮き基礎体30Bの建設コストを低減できる。
According to this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned (1) and (4), the following effects are obtained.
(6) By installing a pair of substantially L-shaped horizontal movement restricting members 50B at the protruding corners of the floating base body 30B, it is possible to regulate the movement of the floating base body 30B in two directions with one horizontal movement restricting member 50B. be.
(7) Since the floating foundation body 30B is not provided with a notch, the construction cost of the floating foundation body 30B can be reduced.

〔第4実施形態〕
図7は、本発明の第4実施形態に係る防振基礎1C部分拡大断面図である。
本実施形態では、杭10の上端面の高さ位置が底板コンクリート4の上面より下方となっている点が、第3実施形態と異なる。
本実施形態によれば、上述の(1)、(4)、(6)、(7)に加えて、以下のような効果がある。
(8)杭10の上端面の高さ位置が底板コンクリート4の上面より下方としたので、底板コンクリート4の上面と浮き基礎体30Bとの隙間70の幅を小さくできる。よって、浮き基礎体30Bの上面の高さ位置を限りなく低くでき、浮き基礎体30Bの上面に設置される振動発生機械3の操作性を向上できる。また、浮き基礎体30Bおよび振動発生機械3の高さ位置を低くできるので、地震発生時に作用する水平荷重を低減でき、優れた構造安全性を確保できる。
[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the vibration-proof foundation 1C according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the height position of the upper end surface of the pile 10 is lower than the upper surface of the bottom plate concrete 4.
According to this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned (1), (4), (6), and (7), the following effects are obtained.
(8) Since the height position of the upper end surface of the pile 10 is lower than the upper surface of the bottom plate concrete 4, the width of the gap 70 between the upper surface of the bottom plate concrete 4 and the floating foundation body 30B can be reduced. Therefore, the height position of the upper surface of the floating base body 30B can be lowered as much as possible, and the operability of the vibration generating machine 3 installed on the upper surface of the floating base body 30B can be improved. Further, since the height positions of the floating foundation body 30B and the vibration generating machine 3 can be lowered, the horizontal load acting at the time of an earthquake can be reduced, and excellent structural safety can be ensured.

なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的を達成できる範囲での変形、改良等は本発明に含まれるものである。
例えば、ばね20に風雨が当たらないように、ばね20をカバーで覆ってもよい。
また、上述の各実施形態では、ばね20として皿ばね21を用いたが、これに限らず、ばね高さを低くする必要がない場合は、コイルスプリングを用いてもよい。
また、第1、2実施形態では、ジャッキスペース60を杭10の近傍に設けたが、これに限らず、杭10の近傍に設けなくてもよい。
また、第3実施形態では、図6に示すように、水平移動規制部材50Bを防振基礎1Bの対角線上の出隅部に一対設けたが、これに限らず、水平移動規制部材50Bを防振基礎1Bの全ての出隅部に合計4つ設けてもよい。
また、上述の各実施形態では、水平移動規制部材50、50Bを底板コンクリート4上に設けたが、これに限らず、地盤2上に設けてもよい。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, and the like to the extent that the object of the present invention can be achieved are included in the present invention.
For example, the spring 20 may be covered with a cover so that the spring 20 is not exposed to wind and rain.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the disc spring 21 is used as the spring 20, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a coil spring may be used when it is not necessary to lower the spring height.
Further, in the first and second embodiments, the jack space 60 is provided in the vicinity of the pile 10, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the jack space 60 may not be provided in the vicinity of the pile 10.
Further, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a pair of horizontal movement restricting members 50B are provided at the diagonally protruding corners of the anti-vibration foundation 1B, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the horizontal movement restricting member 50B is prevented. A total of four may be provided at all the protruding corners of the shaking foundation 1B.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the horizontal movement restricting members 50 and 50B are provided on the bottom plate concrete 4, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the horizontal movement restricting members 50 and 50B may be provided on the ground 2.

1、1A、1B、1C…防振基礎 2…地盤 3…振動発生機械(振動発生源)
4…底板コンクリート
10…杭 11…パイルキャップ 12…閉塞部 13…壁部 14…係止部
15…段差部 20、20A、20B…ばね 21…皿ばね
30、30B…浮き基礎体 31…切り欠き部 31A…壁面 31B…天井面
32…貫通孔 33…スリーブ
40…連結部材 41…ガイド部 42…係止部 43…ボルト
50、50B…水平移動規制部材 51…ボルト 60…ジャッキスペース
70…浮き基礎体と底板コンクリートとの隙間 71…スリーブとガイド部との隙間
72…ガイド部とパイルキャップの閉塞部との隙間
73…浮き基礎体と水平移動規制部材との隙間
1, 1A, 1B, 1C ... Anti-vibration foundation 2 ... Ground 3 ... Vibration generating machine (vibration generation source)
4 ... Bottom plate concrete 10 ... Pile 11 ... Pile cap 12 ... Closure part 13 ... Wall part 14 ... Locking part 15 ... Step part 20, 20A, 20B ... Spring 21 ... Belleville spring 30, 30B ... Floating foundation 31 ... Notch Part 31A ... Wall surface 31B ... Ceiling surface 32 ... Through hole 33 ... Sleeve 40 ... Connecting member 41 ... Guide part 42 ... Locking part 43 ... Bolt 50, 50B ... Horizontal movement restricting member 51 ... Bolt 60 ... Jack space 70 ... Floating foundation Gap between the body and the bottom plate concrete 71 ... Gap between the sleeve and the guide part 72 ... Gap between the guide part and the closed part of the pile cap 73 ... Gap between the floating foundation and the horizontal movement restricting member

Claims (3)

振動発生源から地盤に伝わる振動を低減させる防振基礎であって、
前記地盤上に設けられた底板コンクリートと、
前記地盤に埋設されて前記底板コンクリートを貫通して上方に延びる複数の杭と、
当該杭の上面に設けられて上下に伸縮可能な皿ばねと、
当該皿ばねの上に設けられて前記底板コンクリートから離れた上方に位置するコンクリート製の浮き基礎体と、
記皿ばねの内部を上下に貫通して前記杭の内部に上下動可能に挿入された円柱形状のガイド部と、当該ガイド部の上端に鍔状に形成されて前記浮き基礎体に固定された係止部と、有する連結部材と、を備え、
前記複数の杭は、平面視で、前記浮き基礎体の周縁部に沿って設けられることを特徴とする防振基礎。
It is a vibration-proof foundation that reduces the vibration transmitted from the vibration source to the ground.
The bottom plate concrete provided on the ground and
A plurality of piles buried in the ground and extending upward through the bottom plate concrete ,
A disc spring that is installed on the upper surface of the pile and can expand and contract up and down,
A concrete floating foundation provided on the disc spring and located above the bottom plate concrete ,
A cylindrical guide portion that penetrates the inside of the disc spring up and down and is inserted vertically into the inside of the pile, and a crossguard-shaped guide portion formed at the upper end of the guide portion and fixed to the floating base body. It is provided with a locking portion and a connecting member to have.
The plurality of piles are a vibration-proof foundation characterized in that they are provided along the peripheral edge portion of the floating foundation body in a plan view .
前記浮き基礎体は、略直方体形状であり、The floating base body has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
当該浮き基礎体の下面周縁部には、切り欠き部が形成され、A notch is formed on the lower peripheral edge of the floating base body.
前記皿ばねは、前記切り欠き部の天井面と前記杭の上面との間に設けられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防振基礎。The vibration-proof foundation according to claim 1, wherein the disc spring is provided between the ceiling surface of the notch and the upper surface of the pile.
前記浮き基礎体の壁面と前記杭との間の地盤上または前記底板コンクリート上には、前記浮き基礎体の水平移動を規制する水平移動規制部材が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の防振基礎。 Claim 1 is characterized in that a horizontal movement restricting member for restricting the horizontal movement of the floating foundation body is provided on the ground between the wall surface of the floating foundation body and the pile or on the bottom plate concrete. Or the anti-vibration foundation described in 2 .
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