JP7056838B2 - Complex and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a complex and a method for producing the complex.

Carbon nanotubes (hereinafter referred to as CNTs) have excellent properties such as conductivity and thermal conductivity, and are expected to be applied to functional materials. As a functional material using such CNTs, various composites in which CNTs are adhered to the surface of a base material and various methods for producing the same have been proposed. In the complex, it is desirable that the CNTs are uniformly fixed to the surface of the base material in order to exhibit functions such as conductivity.

For a complex as described above, for example, the base material is put into a dispersion liquid in which CNTs are dispersed at the nano level, the CNTs adhere to the base material, and then the base material is taken out from the dispersion liquid and dried. Can be made. In order to uniformly adhere the CNTs to the surface of the base material, the CNTs need to be dispersed in the dispersion liquid, but the CNTs self-aggregate in the dispersion liquid by the van der Waals force. In order to prevent such aggregation, a method using a dispersion liquid to which a surfactant as a dispersant is added is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Further, in addition to the dispersant, an additive such as an adhesive is generally added to adhere the CNT to the surface of the base material.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-059561

By the way, in the composite produced by using the dispersion liquid to which additives such as dispersants and adhesives are added as described above, the conductivity derived from CNTs is derived even though the CNTs are attached to the base material. There are problems such as thermal conductivity and insufficient mechanical strength. This is because the additive covers the surface of the CNT, and the additive is interposed between the CNT and the base material, between the CNTs, or between other members bonded to the composite via the CNT. This is because the electrical resistance and the thermal resistance increase.

An object of the present invention is to provide a complex capable of fully exerting a function derived from CNT and a method for producing the complex.

The composite of the present invention has a base material and a plurality of carbon nanotubes fixed to the surface of the base material, and the carbon nanotubes are directly fixed to the surface of the base material.

In the method for producing a composite of the present invention, a base material is immersed in a dispersion liquid consisting of a plurality of carbon nanotubes and a dispersion medium, and mechanical energy such as ultrasonic irradiation or shearing force is applied to the dispersion liquid to disperse the mixture. It has a bonding step of adhering carbon nanotubes in a liquid to the surface of a base material, and a drying step of removing a dispersion medium by taking out the base material from the dispersion liquid and drying it.

In the composite of the present invention, since a plurality of carbon nanotubes formed on the surface of the base material are directly fixed to the surface of the base material, the functions derived from the carbon nanotubes can be exhibited.

Further, according to the method for producing a composite of the present invention, since the carbon nanotubes are directly fixed to the surface of the base material, it is possible to prepare a composite capable of exhibiting the functions derived from the carbon nanotubes.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the complex which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the apparatus for adhering carbon nanotubes to a base material. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the pores connected inside the base material. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the pore of the shape which the bottom is sharp. It is sectional drawing which shows the example which the surface of a base material became a rough surface in an uneven shape. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the complex which formed the polymer film which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a complex 10 to which carbon nanotubes (hereinafter referred to as CNT) according to the first embodiment are attached. The complex 10 is composed of a base material 12 and a plurality of CNTs 15 provided on the surface of the base material 12.

The surface of the base material 12 is formed of a rough surface due to the original unevenness of the base material. In the case of the present embodiment, the surface of the base material 12 has innumerable pores 16 in addition to the above-mentioned unevenness. As the material of the base material 12, for example, a polymer compound such as rubber or plastic, metal, glass, ceramics or the like can be used. Further, the shape of the base material 12 may be any shape.

The surface of the base metal 12 preferably has an arithmetic mean height (Sa) of 1 μm or less as defined by ISO25178. If the arithmetic mean height (Sa) exceeds 1 μm, it is difficult for the CNTs 15 to penetrate and adhere to the irregularities on the surface of the base metal 12 and the depths of the pores 16, so that the functions derived from CNTs can be fully exerted. It will be difficult.

In the case of the present embodiment, the base material 12 may have pores 16 formed in a part or all of the base material 12. The base material 12 has irregularities and openings of pores 16 formed on the surface thereof. The CNT 15 is fixed along the surface of the base material 12, that is, the unevenness and the surface of the pores 16, and one end thereof protrudes from the surface of the base material 12. Therefore, as will be described later, when joining another member having a rough surface, the protruding CNT 15 can be brought into direct contact with the other member, so that the conductivity and thermal conductivity with the other member are high. It is advantageous to do so. Further, even if a polymer film such as plastic is formed on the surface of the base material 12, the CNT 15 can be partially exposed on the surface of the polymer film. In such a form in which the CNT 15 can be partially exposed on the surface of the coating film, when another member is joined to the surface of the base material 12, the CNT 15 can also be brought into direct contact with the other member. It is advantageous in increasing the conductivity and thermal conductivity with the member. Further, the other part of the CNT 15 may be fixed inside the base material 12.

The surface of the base metal 12 is a rough surface and can take an advantageous form as described above. In this example, the surface 12a of the base material and the inner surface 16a of the pores 16 are the surfaces of the base material 12 to which the CNT 15 is fixed. In the following description, when it is not necessary to particularly distinguish between the base material surface 12a and the inner surface 16a in order to adhere and fix the CNT 15, these are collectively referred to as an adhesion surface for convenience.

The plurality of pores 16 may be formed regularly or irregularly. The size and internal shape of each pore 16 are not particularly limited. The shape and size of each pore 16 may be different from each other. Further, it is preferable that the diameter of the pore 16 of the base metal 12 is 1 μm or less, and the ratio of the depth to the diameter (= depth / diameter) is 1 or more. This is to fully demonstrate the characteristics of CNT15, which is a nanomaterial having a high aspect ratio. When the opening of the pore 16 is not circular, the diameter of the circle (diameter equivalent to the circle) equal to the area of the opening may be the diameter of the pore. Therefore, the pore 16 preferably has an opening area of about 0.8 μm ² or less, including the case where the opening of the pore 16 is circular.

It is preferable to form an affinity layer (not shown) on the adhesion surface of the base material 12 for fixing the CNT 15 in order to enhance the affinity with the CNT 15. The affinity layer can be, for example, an oxide film formed by an oxidation treatment if the base material 12 is a metal. In addition, as other treatments for forming an oxide film, there are phosphate treatment, fermite treatment and the like. By forming the affinity layer on the adhesion surface of the base material 12 in this way, the fixing force between the adhesion surface of the base material 12 and the CNT 15 can be increased, and the CNT 15 can be formed on the adhesion surface of the base material 12 at the time of manufacture. Can be easily attached.

The CNT 15 is not covered with a dispersant, a surfactant, an adhesive or the like, and its surface is exposed, and is directly fixed to either the base material surface 12a or the inner surface 16a of the pores 16. That is, the CNT 15 is directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12 without any dispersant such as a surfactant or an adhesive intervening between the CNT 15 and the adhesion surface of the base material 12. The term "fixed" here means a bond by van der Waals force.

The CNTs 15 fixed to the base material surface 12a are arranged along the base material surface 12a. A part or all of the CNT 15 fixed to the inner surface 16a has entered the pores 16, and at least a part of the entered portion is directly fixed to the inner surface 16a. In the CNT 15 in which a part of the CNTs has entered the pores 16, the remaining portion exits from the pores 16, and the portion exiting the pores 16 is bent and fixed to the base metal surface 12a, or the base metal surface. It may extend from 12a in a protruding manner or may take various forms.

As shown, some or all of the plurality of CNTs 15 may form a structure 14 having a network structure directly connected to each other. That is, the CNTs 15 are not covered with a dispersant or the like, and are directly connected to each other in an entangled state. The connection here includes a physical connection (mere contact) and a chemical connection. As a result, the structure 14 imparts CNT-derived characteristics such as electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in the plane of the surface of the base material 12. The shape of the surface of the base material 12 is not particularly limited, and may be a flat surface or a curved surface. Further, the CNTs 15 may be fixed to two or more surfaces of the base metal 12.

The CNT 15 has a diameter of preferably 50 nm or less, more preferably 30 nm or less. As the diameter of the CNT 15 increases, the rigidity increases, so that it becomes difficult for the CNT 15 to be deformed along the surface of the base material 12 having a coarse surface roughness, and it becomes difficult for the CNT 15 to adhere to and immobilize the base material 12. Further, when the diameter of the CNT 15 becomes large, it becomes difficult for the CNT 15 to enter the pores 16. If the CNT 15 has a diameter of 30 nm or less, it is highly flexible, can be deformed along the surface of the base material 12, and easily penetrates into the pores 16 having a diameter of 100 nm or less. The diameter of the CNT 15 is an average diameter measured using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image.

As the CNT 15, a single-walled CNT and a multi-walled CNT can be used. Further, the length of the CNTs 15 is preferably 0.2 μm or more from the viewpoint of forming a network structure in which the CNTs 15 are entangled and connected to each other. From the viewpoint that the CNTs 15 exhibit CNT-derived characteristics such as conductivity and thermal conductivity, the CNTs 15 preferably have a length of 1 μm or more. Further, the CNT 15 is preferably 15 μm or less in length, more preferably 10 μm or less in length, from the viewpoint of facilitating uniform dispersion. If the length of the CNTs is less than 0.2 μm, the CNTs are less likely to be entangled with each other, and if the length is more than 50 μm, the CNTs 15 are likely to aggregate or form an aggregate. Such an aggregate of CNTs 15 has poor adhesion to the base material 12, and even if it adheres, it easily falls off from the base material 12.

Next, a method for producing the complex 10 will be described. The complex 10 is produced by a preparation step of preparing a dispersion liquid, an attachment step of adhering CNT 15 to the surface (adhesion surface) of the base material 12, and a drying step of drying the base material 12 and CNT 15. When the base material 12 on which the base material 12 is formed is used, the affinity layer forming step is performed before the adhesion step to form the affinity layer on the adhesion surface of the base material 12.

In the preparation step, the dispersion liquid 22 (see FIG. 2) is generated from the dispersion medium and the CNT 15 prepared in advance. The dispersion liquid 22 is a liquid in which CNT 15 is nano-dispersed in a dispersion medium. In the present specification, "nano-dispersion" refers to a state in which CNTs 15 are physically separated one by one and dispersed in a non-entangled state, and is an aggregate in which two or more CNTs 34 are aggregated in a bundle. It means that the ratio is 10% or less.

The CNT 15 to be charged into the dispersion medium can be produced, for example, by using a thermal CVD method as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-126311. That is, a catalyst film made of an alloy of aluminum and iron is formed on a silicon substrate, and then catalyst particles are formed. By contacting the hydrocarbon gas with the catalyst particles in a heating atmosphere, CNT15 is grown with the catalyst particles as nuclei. It is preferable to use one that contains as little impurities as possible other than CNT15. Therefore, for the CNTs 15 produced by the thermal CVD method, for example, the CNTs obtained in a mixed acid of nitric acid: sulfuric acid = 1: 3 (volume ratio) are immersed (for example, immersed for 1 hour) and then neutralized. It is preferable to use CNT15 from which the residual catalyst metal has been removed by performing a cleaning treatment, a filtration treatment, and a drying treatment.

It is also possible to use CNT15 obtained by other methods such as an arc discharge method and a laser evaporation method. For CNTs produced by such a method, impurities may be removed by high-temperature annealing in an inert gas.

In the dispersion liquid 22, the CNT 15 produced as described above is added to the dispersion medium, and mechanical energy is applied to the nano level to disperse the dispersion. For this dispersion treatment, a general dispersion device such as a bead mill, a roll mill, a ball mill, a jet mill, or an ultrasonic homogenizer can be used. Further, in order to improve the adhesion to the base material 12, a chemical treatment method (acid treatment, functional group modification) may be used in combination.

In this example, methyl ethyl ketone is used as the dispersion medium, but in addition to this, alcohols such as ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol, toluene, acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF: Tetrahydrofuran), hexane, normal hexane, ethyl ether and xylene , Methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and other liquid organic compounds can be used. Further, as the dispersion medium, water can be used in addition to the liquid organic compound. These can also be combined into a dispersion medium.

In the adhesion step, the CNT 15 in the dispersion liquid 22 generated in the above preparation step is adhered to the adhesion surface of the base material 12. In this attachment step, as shown in FIG. 2, the dispersion liquid 22 is irradiated with ultrasonic waves (for example, 40 kHz) from the ultrasonic vibrator 26 in order to apply mechanical energy to the dispersion liquid 22 stored in the tank 25. The base material 12 is immersed in the dispersion liquid 22. When the dispersion liquid 22 is irradiated with ultrasonic waves, a reversible reaction state in which the CNT 15 is constantly dispersed and the aggregated state is generated occurs in the dispersion liquid 22, and when the dispersion state is changed to the aggregated state, the mother is generated. CNT 15 adheres to the adhesion surface of the material 12. Further, the vibration of the ultrasonic wave allows the CNT 15 to easily enter the pores 16. As a result, some CNTs 15 adhere to the base material surface 12a, and some other CNTs 15 enter the pores 16 and adhere to the inner surface 16a. When the CNTs 15 aggregate, a van der Waals force acts between the base material 12 and the CNTs 15, and the van der Waals force causes the CNTs 15 to adhere to the adhesion surface of the base material 12. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave irradiating the dispersion liquid 22 can be appropriately determined. Further, instead of ultrasonic irradiation, mechanical energy such as shearing may be applied to the dispersion liquid 22.

The base material 12 to which the CNTs 15 have adhered to the adhered surface in the adhesion step is withdrawn from the dispersion liquid 22, and is subjected to a drying treatment by a subsequent drying step. By drying the base material 12 in this drying process, the CNTs 15 are directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12. In this embodiment using methyl ethyl ketone as the dispersion medium, the dispersion medium is removed by setting the drying temperature of the drying treatment to 60 ° C. and the drying time to 20 minutes, but the drying temperature and the drying time are determined by the type of the dispersion medium and the like. It can be decided as appropriate. In this way, the complex 10 in which the CNT 15 is directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12 can be obtained.

By repeating the step of forming the structure 14, more CNTs 15 may be directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a complex 10 in which the structure 14 having a network structure directly connected to each other is formed on the surface of the base material 12. In this case, the dispersion liquid 22 used from the second time onward adjusts the concentration of CNT 15 by adding a predetermined amount of CNT 15 each time, and applies mechanical energy to disperse the CNT 15.

As described above, the dispersion liquid 22 is prepared from CNT 15 and a dispersion medium and contains no additives. Therefore, no additives or the like remain on the surface of each CNT 15, and the surface of the CNT 15 is exposed. Since no additive or the like remains on the adhesion surface of the base material 12, the CNT 15 is in a state of being directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12.

As described above, the complex 10 is in a state where the CNTs 15 are directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12, so that the functions derived from the CNTs can be fully exhibited. For example, since each CNT 15 is directly fixed to the adhesion surface of the base material 12, in the composite 10, the CNT 15 is difficult to peel off from the adhesion surface of the base material 12. Further, the complex 10 can directly transfer the heat from the base material 12 to the CNT 15. Therefore, it is possible to effectively diffuse heat through the CNT 15, dissipate heat, and transfer heat to other members.

Further, when the structure 14 is formed by the CNTs 15, the structure 14 forms a network structure in which the CNTs 15 are directly connected to each other without the intervention of additives, so that the thermal conductivity in the structure 14 is high. It becomes a good one according to the thermal conductivity of CNT15. Therefore, in this example, the heat from the base material 12 is further effectively diffused in the structure 14, for example, the temperature unevenness of the base material 12 is less likely to occur, heat is dissipated over a wide area, and heat is generated to other members. Can be conveyed.

The same applies to the conductivity. For example, when the base material 12 is an insulator, the complex 10 is provided with the high conductivity of the CNT 15 on the surface of the base material 12, and has high heat. Conductivity is also imparted. Further, even when the base material 12 is a conductor, the high conductivity and thermal conductivity of the CNT 15 can improve the conductivity on the surface of the base material 12.

Further, for example, when joining members to each other, if the joining surface of one member is a rough surface having some irregularities, the electrical resistance increases due to the decrease in the contact area between the joining surfaces. However, when other members are joined to the composite 10 so as to sandwich the CNTs 15, even if the joining surface of the other members is a rough surface, a large number of CNTs 15 come into contact with the joining surfaces of the other members, so that electrical resistance is obtained. Does not grow. The same applies to heat conduction. In relation to other members joined in this way, one end of the base material 12 protrudes from the surface of the base material 12 by using the base material 12 having a rough surface or the base material 12 having pores 16. The complex 10 having the CNTs 15 fixed so as to be advantageous.

As described above, the size and internal shape of the pores 16 are not particularly limited. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the pores 31 are connected to each other inside the base metal 12, and FIG. 4 shows an example in which the bottom inside the pores 32 has a sharp shape. In addition to this, the pores may be formed so that the inner diameter is larger than the surface of the base material 12.

In the case of the above embodiment, the case where pores are formed in the base material 12 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a base material 12 having a base material surface 12a having a rough surface having an uneven shape may be used. In this case, the CNT 15 adheres to and is fixed to the fine slope 35 constituting the surface of the base material 12. Such CNTs 15 are fixed in various directions on the slope 35, but some CNTs 15 are fixed in a state of protruding from the surface (tip of the convex portion) of the base material 12. Even with the shape of the pores and the shape of the surface of the base material 12, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment in which a polymer film is formed on the complex will be described. The complex according to the second embodiment is the same as the complex according to the first embodiment except that a polymer film is formed, and the same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. The detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 6, the complex 40 has a base material 12, a CNT 15, and a polymer film 41. The polymer film 41 is formed on the surface of the base material 12, covers the surface of the base material 12a, and penetrates into the pores 16. The polymer film 41 may be thin enough to project the CNT 15 or may be thick enough to cover the CNT 15, but in this example, the polymer film 41 is formed thin enough to project the CNT 15 on the surface of the base material 12. ..

The polymer film 41 is formed of an arbitrary elastic body. The elastic body may be formed of, for example, resin, rubber, or the like. Examples of the thermoplastic elastomer include olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPO), styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, ester-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPC), urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPU), polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPAE), and vinyl chloride. Examples of the resin include AS resin, ABS resin, epoxy resin, tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer (ETFE), and tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP). ), Hexafluoropropylene / Elastomer Elastomer (EFEP), Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF), Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), Chlorotrifluoroethylene / Elastomer Elastomer (ECTFE), Polycaproamide (Nylon 6) ), Polyhexamylene adipamide (nylon 66), polytetramethyleneadipamide (nylon 46), polyhexamerylene sevacamamide (nylon 610), polyhexamerylend decamide (nylon 612), polydodecanamide. (Nylon 12), Polyundecaneamide (Nylon 11), Polyhexamethylene terephthalamide (Nylon 6T), Polyxylylene adipamide (Nylon XD6), Polynonamethylene terephthalamide (Nylon 9T), Polyundecanemethylene terephthalamide (Nylon 9T) Nylon 11T), polydecamethylene decaneamide (nylon 1010), polydecamethylene dodecaneamide (nylon 1012) amide elastomer (TPA), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) ) Polycarbonate (PC), Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), Ultra Low Density Polyethylene, Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Crosslinked Polyethylene, Elastomer / Vinyl Elastomer Polymer (EVA), ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), butenediol / vinyl alcohol copolymer (BVOH), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polybutene (PB), urethane elastomer (TPU), ester elastomer (TPC), olefin elastomer (TPO), styrene elastomer (TPS), modified polyphenylene ether (modified PPE), liquid crystal polymer (LC) P), cycloolefin copolyma (COC), polyetherketone (PEK), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyallylate (PAR), polymethylpentene (PMP), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethersalphon (P) PES), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), phenol resin (PF), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), polyimide (PI), polyetherimide (PEI), acrylic resin (PMMA), polyacetal (PES), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), phenol resin (PF), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), polyimide (PI) POM), polypropylene (PP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSU), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like, and examples of the rubber include natural rubber. (NR), ethylene / propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), chloroprene rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR), polyurethane rubber (U), silicone rubber (VMQ, FVMQ), acrylic rubber (ACM), epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO). , Fluorine rubber (FKM, FEPM, FFKM), nitrile rubber (NBR), hydride nitrile rubber (H-NBR), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene -Examples include butadiene rubber (SBR).

In the case of producing the composite 40, for example, a liquid polymer compound is poured on the surface of the base material 12 by carrying out a polymer film forming step after the adhesion step and the drying step, and then the polymer compound thereof. Is cured to form the polymer film 41.

As the polymer film 41, an elastic material-containing solution (varnish) in which the material to be the elastic body is dissolved in a solvent may be used in addition to the arbitrary elastic body itself. Also in this case, the elastic material-containing solution is applied, for example, on the surface 12 of the base material, and then dried to volatilize the solvent. As the solvent, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or the like used as a dispersant can be used, but the solvent is not limited to these, and a solvent suitable for the elastic material to be dissolved may be used.

In this composite 40, since a part of the CNT 15 protrudes from the film surface of the polymer film 41, when another member is bonded to the composite 40 so as to sandwich the polymer film 41, the film of the polymer film 41 is formed. The CNT 15 protruding from the surface is brought into contact with the joint surface of the other member, and high conductivity and thermal conductivity derived from the CNT 15 can be obtained between the base material 12 and the other member. Further, regardless of whether or not a part of the CNT 15 protrudes from the film surface of the polymer film 41, the presence of the CNT 15 near the interface between the base material 12 and the polymer film 41 causes the interface of the polymer film 41 to exist. It is possible to improve the peeling strength in.

10,40 Composite 12 Base material 12a Base material surface 14 Structure 15 Carbon nanotubes 16, 31, 32 Pore 16a Inner surface 22 Dispersion liquid 35 Slope 41 Polymer film

Claims (4)

With the base material,
It has a plurality of carbon nanotubes fixed to the surface of the base material and has a plurality of carbon nanotubes.
The surface of the base metal has pores formed and is a rough surface, and the diameter of the pores is 1 μm or less and the ratio of the depth to the diameter is 1 or more.
The plurality of carbon nanotubes are a complex characterized in that they are directly fixed to the surface of the base material and the inner surface of the pores. The composite according to claim 1, wherein the material of the base material is a polymer compound, metal, glass, or ceramics. The composite according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polymer film is provided on the surface of the base material, and the polymer film covers the surface of the base material and penetrates into the pores. .. A base material having pores having a diameter of 1 μm or less and a depth ratio of 1 or more to the diameter is immersed in a dispersion liquid consisting of a plurality of carbon nanotubes and a dispersion medium, and the base material is immersed in the dispersion liquid. An attachment step of attaching the carbon nanotubes in the dispersion liquid to the inner surface of the pores of the base material by the vibration of the ultrasonic waves by irradiating with ultrasonic waves.
A drying step of removing the dispersion medium by removing the base material from the dispersion and drying it.
A method for producing a composite having a polymer film forming step of forming a polymer film on the surface of the base material and the inner surface of the pores.

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