JP7051113B2 - Building construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a building, and more particularly to a method of constructing a wall-type reinforced concrete structure.

Conventionally, at the construction site of a building with a wall-type reinforced concrete structure, concrete is poured in order from the lower floors. That is, at this type of construction site, after the foundation is created, the work of bar arrangement, formwork creation, and placement is performed to create the walls on the first floor and the floor on the second floor. In addition, after a certain curing period, the same reinforcement arrangement, formwork creation, and placement work are performed to create the walls on the second floor and the floor on the third floor. Further, these steps are repeated to sequentially create walls and floors on the upper floors, and finally walls and rooftops on the top floors, thereby creating a multi-story building.

Conventionally, various devices for shortening the construction period have been proposed for such a building (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-193820

By the way, in the construction of this kind of building, it is desired to further shorten the construction period.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to propose a construction method of a building that can further shorten the construction period as compared with the conventional case.

The present inventor has repeated diligent research in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has come up with the idea of placing floors on a plurality of floors together, and has completed the present invention.

Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

(1) The construction method of the building according to the present invention is
In the construction method of a building with a wall-type reinforced concrete structure
The wall creation process to create walls on multiple floors of the building by placing concrete,
Following the wall making step, plates are placed on each of the two or more layers of the wall, and the floor is continuously placed on the two or more layers by placing concrete using the wall and the plate as a formwork. With a floor making process to create
In the wall making step, anchor bolts are provided on two or more layers of the wall so as to protrude from the wall.
In the floor making step, the plate is placed using the anchor bolts.
It is a construction method of a building.

(2) According to the construction method of (1) above , after creating walls on multiple floors, floors on two or more floors are created by placing concrete, and floors on multiple floors are placed together. This can shorten the construction period.

(3) In the construction method of (1) above
The wall making step is
The wall is created by placing concrete in units of two layers.

(4) According to the construction method of (3) above , it is possible to create walls on multiple floors and then place floors on multiple floors together without ensuring excessive strength in the formwork. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened.

(5) In the construction method of (1) or (2) above
The floor making step is
When the floors are created on the two or more levels, the landing of the stairs up to the two or more levels is also created by placing concrete.

(6) According to the construction method of (5) above , the stairs can be used on the floor where the floor is created, so that it is possible to simplify the carry-in of materials and tools in the post-process. The construction period can be further shortened.

According to the present invention, the construction period can be further shortened as compared with the conventional case.

It is a perspective view which shows the building which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the building of FIG. It is a top view provided for the explanation of the floor of the building of FIG. It is sectional drawing which provides the explanation of the receiving material of the building of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the stairs of the building of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the construction process of the building of FIG.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a building according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
This building 1 is a building with a wall-type reinforced concrete structure, and is formed by a five-story building as indicated by reference numerals 1F to 5F.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the building 1 which is cut out by a cross section extending in the vertical direction and shows a cross section.
In the building 1, the foundation 2 and the wall 3 are formed by reinforced concrete, and the floor 4 of each floor is formed by placing concrete. Further, in the building 1, the landing 5 is formed by placing the same concrete, and the landings 5 are connected by the iron staircase main body 6 to form the stairs K.

FIG. 3 is a diagram used for explaining the foundation 2, the wall 3, the floor 4, and the landing 5 made of reinforced concrete, and is a plan view showing the configuration of the first floor of the building 1.
In this building 1, a part excluding the stairs is assigned to a living space of one house, and a wall 3 made of reinforced concrete is provided so as to surround the living space. As a result, in the building 1, one living space is provided on one floor, but the present invention is not limited to this, and when a plurality of living spaces are provided on one floor, a floor having one living space and a plurality of living spaces are provided. It can be widely applied even when it is mixed with the hierarchy provided with. When a plurality of living spaces are provided on one floor, a wall 3 made of reinforced concrete may be provided so as to surround each living space, or a wall 3 made of reinforced concrete may be provided so as to surround a part or all of the plurality of living spaces. The wall 3 may be provided.
Further, in the building 1, a wall 3 made of reinforced concrete is provided so as to surround the stairs K.

The building 1 is created by supporting the floor 4 and the landing 5 by the wall 3.
That is, the building 1 is provided with a receiving material 11 extending along the wall 3 inside the wall 3. As a result, in the living space, the receiving material 11 is arranged so as to extend along the outer periphery of the floor 4 and surround the living space (floor 4). Further, in the stairs K, the receiving material 11 is arranged so as to surround the landing 5 from the wall 3 side in a U-shape.
In the building 1, a metal plate 12 is arranged on the receiving material 11, and concrete is cast on the plate 12 to form a floor 4. In the building 1, a floor surface is formed by arranging a flooring board or the like on the floor 4, and a decorative panel is arranged on the opposite side to form a ceiling on a lower floor. Similarly, a decorative panel or the like is arranged on the wall 3 to form a wall surface.

More specifically, the building 1 is anchored to the wall 3 so as to project from the wall 3 so that the portion indicated by the reference numeral A in FIG. 2 is partially enlarged and the cross section on the living space side is shown in FIG. Bolts 21 are provided, and the receiving material 11 is fixed to the wall 3 by the anchor bolts 21.
Anchor bolts 21 are arranged by being embedded in the wall 3 by placing the wall 3 after being arranged by the reinforcement work of the wall 3, but may be separately provided after the wall 3 is placed.
The anchor bolt 21 is formed so that the portion embedded in the wall 3 bends downward in the middle and extends along the wall 3, thereby providing sufficient bearing capacity against a load on the portion protruding from the wall 3. It is formed so that it can be secured. If sufficient proof stress can be ensured by this, various configurations can be widely applied.
Further, the anchor bolts 21 are arranged at regular intervals, and are formed so as to secure sufficient proof stress against the load of the receiving material 11.

The receiving material 11 is formed in a shape that extends in a rod shape so that the plate 12 can be held and the upper portion on the side on which the plate 12 is arranged extends in a direction away from the wall 3. Further, the receiving material 11 is formed so as to be displaceable on the wall 3 by the anchor bolts 21.
In this embodiment, the receiving material 11 is formed by a cross section and a U-shape, and is screwed to and held by an anchor bolt 21 by a through hole provided in the bottom surface of the U-shape.
As a result, the receiving material 11 may be formed in a shape having an L-shaped cross section, and may have various shapes such as a rectangular cross section that can hold the plate 12 and can be arranged on the wall 3 by anchor bolts 21. It can be widely applied.

The plate 12 is formed by bending a metal plate material, functions as a frame for placing concrete 13, and is further provided together with the concrete 13 to secure the strength of the floor 4. The plate 12 is formed in a shape extending in a direction orthogonal to the cross section shown in FIG. 4, and ridges 12A having a trapezoidal cross section are provided at a constant pitch, whereby sufficient strength can be secured. .. Although the plate 12 is arranged on the receiving material 11 by welding, various methods can be applied to the arrangement method. Further, the plates 12 are arranged without gaps in the cross-sectional direction shown in FIG. 4, and in this embodiment, the plates 12 are arranged so that the adjacent plates 12 and the ends overlap each other, and are arranged without gaps. Further, in the longitudinal direction, the plate 12 is laid across the receiving material 11 facing the plate 12.
When the length of the plate 12 in the repeating arrangement direction becomes long, the receiving beam 27 made of H steel is provided with a constant span L.

The concrete 13 is cast using the plate 12 and the wall 3 as a formwork.
As a result, the building 1 is configured so that the concrete related to the floor 4 can be placed to simplify the process and the construction period can be shortened without providing the formwork related to the floor 4.
Specifically, in the building 1, the floor area of the living space is formed by about 30 m ² , and as a result of various studies, the floor 4 is formed by placing concrete using the plate 12 in the floor area of this degree. It was found that sufficient strength can be secured even if it is formed.
Further, with a floor area of this degree, the concrete 13 can be placed without providing a pipe support, whereby the process can be further simplified and the construction period can be shortened.
As a result, the area of the portion surrounded by the receiving material 11 (in this embodiment, the floor area of the first floor) is 10 m ² or more and 45 m ² or less, preferably 15 m ² or more and 40 m ² or less. Therefore, the wall 3 and the receiving material 11 can be arranged so as to be more preferably 20 m ² or more and 35 m ² or less, and the pipe support related to the floor 4 can be omitted to shorten the construction period.

In the building 1, a fireproof coating 24 is formed so as to cover the receiving material 11, further, decorative panels 23 and 25 are provided on the wall 3 and the floor 4, and a decorative panel 26 for the ceiling is further provided.

As shown by the stairs K in FIG. 5, in the landing 5, anchor bolts 21 are provided on the wall 3 in the landing area 5, and the receiving material 11 is fixed to the wall 3 by screwing with the anchor bolts 21. Further, a plate 12 is arranged on the receiving material 11 by welding, and a receiving beam 31 made of H steel is provided on the side of the receiving material 11 at the tip of the plate 12 (which is a portion on the corresponding landing 5 side) by welding. Will be. In the building 1, the staircase main body 6 is hung and arranged on the receiving beam 31 of the facing landing 5, and the staircase main body 6 is fixed by welding or bolting to the receiving beam 31.
In the building 1, the landing 5 is formed by placing concrete 13 using the end faces of the wall 3, the plate 12, and the stairs main body 6 on the landing 5 side as a formwork.
As a result, the landing 5 is formed by a simple process that omits the formwork making step, and the construction period can be shortened.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the construction process of the building 1.
In this construction process, in the foundation 1st floor floor preparation process SP2, after reinforcing the reinforcement, a formwork is created and concrete is placed to create the foundation 2nd and 1st floor floors. Subsequently, in the wall creation process SP3 on the 1st and 2nd floors, after reinforcing the reinforcement, the formwork is created and the anchor bolts 21 are placed and concrete is placed to cast concrete on multiple floors from the 1st floor to the 2nd floor. Create wall 3 of.
After that, in the wall creation process SP4 on the 3rd to 4th floors, after arranging the reinforcements, the formwork is created and the anchor bolts 21 are placed and concrete is placed on the multiple floors from the 3rd floor to the 4th floor. Create wall 3 of. Further, in parallel with the wall making step SP4 on the 3rd to 4th floors, or by appropriately changing the steps, the floor making step SP4 on the 2nd floor is executed, and after arranging the plate 12 using the anchor bolt 21, the pipe is used. Concrete is cast to create floor 4 on the second floor without providing support. In addition, the anchor bolt 21 is used by executing the staircase creation process SP4 on the 1st to 2nd floors in parallel with the wall creation process on the 3rd to 4th floors or by switching the processes as appropriate. After arranging the plate 12, the staircase main body 6 is arranged and concrete is placed, thereby creating a landing 5 and creating a staircase K up to the second floor.

Subsequently, in the wall making step SP5 on the 5th floor, the wall 3 on the 5th floor is created by creating a formwork and arranging anchor bolts 21 and placing concrete after arranging the reinforcements. Further, in parallel with the wall making step SP5 on the 5th floor or by switching the steps as appropriate, the floor making step SP5 on the 3rd to 4th floors is executed, and after arranging the plate 12 using the anchor bolt 21, the pipe is used. Concrete is cast to create floors 4 on the 3rd and 4th floors without providing support. In addition, the anchor bolt 21 is used by executing the staircase creation process SP5 on the 2nd to 4th floors in parallel with the wall creation process on the 5th floor or in parallel with the floor creation process on the 3rd to 4th floors or by switching the processes as appropriate. After arranging the plate 12, the staircase main body 6 is arranged and concrete is placed, thereby creating a landing 5 and creating a staircase K up to the 4th floor.

Subsequently, the floor preparation process SP6 on the 5th to R floors is executed, the plate 12 is placed using the anchor bolts 21, and then concrete is poured without providing the pipe support, and the floors on the 5th floor and the rooftop are placed. Create 4. Further, in parallel with this step or as appropriate, the steps are switched to execute the stairs creation step SP6 on the 4th to R floors, the plate 12 is placed using the anchor bolts 21, and then the stairs main body 6 is placed. Concrete is cast, and a landing 5 is created by this, and a staircase K to the roof is created.

As a result, in this construction process, the walls 3 on a plurality of floors are collectively created in units of two layers.
Here, when placing walls on multiple floors together, it is necessary to secure sufficient strength in the formwork, but in practice, when creating in units of two layers as in this embodiment. In that case, it is possible to create walls on multiple floors without ensuring excessive strength in the formwork.
As a result, the walls of all floors may be placed together, or the walls of a plurality of floors may be placed together on a part of all floors.

As a result, in this construction process, after the walls of multiple floors are created in advance, concrete is placed on two or more floors in succession by placing concrete, so that concrete is placed without providing pipe supports. By effectively utilizing the possible feature, floors on multiple floors can be placed together, which can shorten the construction period compared to the conventional method.
That is, in this case, the construction period can be shortened by being able to create the upper floor 4 without waiting for the concrete curing of the lower floor 4 for the plurality of floors to be collectively created. In addition, since concrete can be placed collectively on the floors of a plurality of floors, the construction period can be shortened and the process control can be simplified. In addition, the construction period can be shortened by omitting the work related to the installation and removal of the pipe support.
In the continuous preparation of the floor 4, concrete may be cast on the same day to prepare the floor 4, or the floor 4 may be created over two days, for example.

Further, when the floors of a plurality of floors are collectively created in this way, the landing 5 up to the floor on which the floor 4 is created is also created, so that the stairs K can be used on the floor on which the floor 4 is created. This makes it possible to simplify the delivery of materials and tools in the subsequent process, and further shorten the construction period. Further, the process control related to the creation of the landing 5 is simplified, and further, since it is not necessary to separately create the landing, the process can be simplified by this as well.

In the subsequent interior process SP7, this construction process ends this process by executing waterproofing treatment on the roof, such as interior decoration of each layer. In the interior process, the work that can be started may be executed in parallel with the floor and staircase creation steps SP5 and SP6.

According to the above configuration, after creating walls on multiple floors, floors on two or more floors can be continuously created by placing concrete, so that floors on multiple floors can be placed together. As a result, the construction period can be shortened.

In addition, by creating walls by placing concrete on every two floors, walls on multiple floors are created without ensuring excessive strength in the formwork, and then floors on multiple floors are placed together. This can shorten the construction period.

Furthermore, in the floor creation process, by creating a landing for the stairs by placing concrete, the stairs can be used on the floor where the floor was created, and materials and tools can be brought in in the subsequent process. Can be simplified and the construction period can be further shortened.

[Other embodiments]
Although the specific configuration suitable for carrying out the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention can be variously modified with respect to the configuration of the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

That is, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a five-story building is described, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be widely applied to a multi-story building other than the five-story building. ..

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where one living space is provided on one floor has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be widely applied to the case where a plurality of living spaces are provided on one floor. In some cases, it is possible to create multiple floors of the corridor connecting the plurality of living spaces to the stairs and the floor of the elevator hall at the same time as the floor of the living space in the same manner as the living space and the landing.

1 Building 2 Foundation 3 Wall 4 Floor 5 Landing 6 Stairs Main body 11 Lumber 12 Plate 13 Concrete 21 Anchor bolt

Claims (4)

In the construction method of a building with a wall-type reinforced concrete structure
The wall creation process to create walls on multiple floors of the building by placing concrete,
Following the wall making step, plates are placed on each of the two or more layers of the wall, and the floor is continuously placed on the two or more layers by placing concrete using the wall and the plate as a formwork. With a floor making process to create
In the wall making step, anchor bolts are provided on two or more layers of the wall so as to protrude from the wall.
In the floor making step, the plate is placed using the anchor bolts.
Building construction method. The method for constructing a building according to claim 1, wherein the receiving material is fixed to the wall by the anchor bolt, and the plate is arranged on the wall via the receiving material . The wall making step is
The construction method of a building according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein concrete is poured in units of two layers to create the wall. The floor making step is
Construction of the building according to any one of claims 1 to 3 when floors are created on the two or more floors, and a landing for stairs up to the two or more floors is also created by placing concrete. Method.

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