JP7047741B2 - Forging manufacturing method - Google Patents

Forging manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP7047741B2
JP7047741B2 JP2018231296A JP2018231296A JP7047741B2 JP 7047741 B2 JP7047741 B2 JP 7047741B2 JP 2018231296 A JP2018231296 A JP 2018231296A JP 2018231296 A JP2018231296 A JP 2018231296A JP 7047741 B2 JP7047741 B2 JP 7047741B2
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一憲 中島
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Description

本発明は鍛造品の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a forged product.

従来、金属を加熱及び加圧して鍛造品を製造する熱間鍛造において、熱した金属に対して、潰し、荒地成形、中荒地成形、仕上げ、芯抜き等の加工が行われている。これらの加工は、プレス機による一度の加圧動作により、それぞれ個別の加工対象物に対して同時に行われる。例えば、特許文献１が開示する鍛造方法では、荒地鍛造、仕上鍛造及びトリミングが、プレス機による一度の押圧動作により、それぞれ個別の加工対象物に対して同時に行われる（特許文献１の図７）。 Conventionally, in hot forging in which a forged product is manufactured by heating and pressurizing a metal, the heated metal is subjected to processing such as crushing, rough ground forming, medium rough ground forming, finishing, and core removal. These processes are simultaneously performed on individual objects to be processed by a single pressurizing operation by a press machine. For example, in the forging method disclosed in Patent Document 1, wasteland forging, finish forging, and trimming are simultaneously performed on individual objects to be processed by a single pressing operation by a press machine (FIG. 7 of Patent Document 1). ..

特開２００３－３１１３６１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-31361

しかしながら、特許文献１が開示する鍛造方法では、製品の完成度に大きな影響を及ぼす仕上げ工程において、プレス機の中心位置から外れた位置に設置された仕上げパンチが荒地成形品（異形荒地棒状体）に荷重を加えるため、仕上げパンチを下降させるプレス機の加圧部の重心位置と仕上げパンチの中心位置とがずれた状態で、荒地成形品に仕上げパンチの荷重が加わる恐れがある。その結果、荒地成形品を均等に加圧することができず、仕上げ成形品（異形仕上棒状体）の厚さのバラつきや欠肉が生じ、また、仕上げ成形品に黒皮が残るという問題があった。 However, in the forging method disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the finishing process which greatly affects the completeness of the product, the finishing punch installed at a position deviating from the center position of the press machine is a rough ground molded product (deformed rough ground rod-shaped body). Since the load is applied to the rough ground, the load of the finish punch may be applied to the rough ground forged product in a state where the position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing part of the press machine for lowering the finish punch and the center position of the finish punch are deviated from each other. As a result, it is not possible to pressurize the rough-ground molded product evenly, and there is a problem that the thickness of the finished molded product (deformed finished rod-shaped body) varies and the thickness of the finished product is insufficient, and black skin remains in the finished molded product. rice field.

本発明は、このような問題を解決するためになされたものであり、仕上げ成形の精度を高めることが可能な鍛造品の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a forged product capable of improving the accuracy of finish molding.

本発明に係る鍛造品の製造方法は、高圧の第１のプレス機と、低圧の第２のプレス機とを用いて行う鍛造品の製造方法であって、潰し工程、荒地成形工程、中荒地成形工程、芯抜き工程及び仕上げ工程を含み、各工程は、前記潰し工程、前記荒地成形工程、前記中荒地成形工程、前記芯抜き工程及び前記仕上げ工程の順序で行われ、前記荒地成形工程、前記中荒地成形工程、及び前記芯抜き工程は、前記第１のプレス機で行われ、前記潰し工程及び前記芯抜き工程は、前記第２のプレス機で行われ、前記第１のプレス機が備える加圧部の重心位置と、仕上げ成形用の上型の中心位置とが一致しており、前記第１のプレス機は、前記芯抜き工程において、前記第２のプレス機による芯抜き加工が施された加工対象物に対し、前記仕上げ成形用の上型を用いて仕上げ成形を施すことを特徴とする。 The method for manufacturing a forged product according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a forged product performed by using a high-pressure first press machine and a low-pressure second press machine, and is a crushing process, a wasteland forming process, and a medium wasteland. Each step includes the molding step, the centering step and the finishing step, and each step is performed in the order of the crushing step, the rough ground forming step, the middle rough ground forming step, the core removing step and the finishing step, and the rough ground forming step, The middle rough ground forming step and the centering step are performed by the first pressing machine, the crushing step and the centering step are performed by the second pressing machine, and the first pressing machine is used. The position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion provided coincides with the center position of the upper mold for finish molding, and the first press machine is subjected to the centering process by the second press machine in the centering step. It is characterized in that the processed object to be processed is subjected to finish molding using the upper mold for finish molding.

本発明により、仕上げ成形の精度を高めることが可能な鍛造品の製造方法を提供することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a forged product capable of improving the accuracy of finish molding.

本発明の一実施形態に係る鍛造品の製造方法を行うプレス機１０，２０を概略的に示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows typically the press machines 10, 20 which perform the manufacturing method of the forged article which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の鍛造品の製造方法で採用されるＲＢ搬送の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the RB transfer adopted in the manufacturing method of the forged product of this invention. 従来の方法及び本発明の鍛造品の製造方法による仕上げ成形の様子を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the finish molding by the conventional method and the manufacturing method of the forged product of this invention. 従来の方法及び本発明の鍛造品の鍛造方法による仕上げ成形品の厚さ振れの計測結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the measurement result of the thickness runout of the finish molded article by the conventional method and the forging method of the forged article of this invention. 従来の方法及び本発明の鍛造品の製造方法による仕上げ成形品の重量を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the weight of the finish molded article by the conventional method and the manufacturing method of the forged article of this invention.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の一実施形態である鍛造品の製造方法について説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る鍛造品の製造方法を行うプレス機１０，２０を概略的に示す平面図である。本実施形態に係る鍛造品の製造方法は、（１）潰し工程、（２）荒地成形工程、（３）中荒地成形工程、（４）芯抜き工程、及び（５）仕上げ工程の５つの工程で構成され、この順序で実行される。 Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a forged product according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing press machines 10 and 20 for manufacturing a forged product according to an embodiment of the present invention. The forged product manufacturing method according to the present embodiment consists of five steps: (1) crushing step, (2) rough ground forming step, (3) medium rough ground forming step, (4) core removal step, and (5) finishing step. It consists of and is executed in this order.

プレス機１０は、（２）荒地成形工程、（３）中荒地成形工程、及び（５）仕上げ工程が行われる高圧のプレス機である。プレス機１０の具体例として、１６００Ｔプレス機等が挙げられる。プレス機１０は、荒地成形用上型、中荒地成形用上型、及び仕上げ用上型を介して加圧対象物を加圧する加圧部（図示せず）を備える。プレス機１０の作業台１００には、３つの作業領域１２，１３，１５が有り、それぞれ荒地成形用下型、中荒地成形用下型、及び仕上げ用下型が設置される。プレス機１０の加圧部には、荒地成形用上型、中荒地成形用上型、及び仕上げ用上型が、それぞれ作業領域１２，１３，１５に設置された荒地成形用下型、中荒地成形用下型、及び仕上げ用下型に対応する位置に設置される。これらの上型は、加圧部が作業台１００に向かって移動することにより、対応する下型に向かって移動する。なお、上型の中心位置は、対応する下型の中心位置と一致させることが好ましい。 The press machine 10 is a high-pressure press machine in which (2) a rough ground forming step, (3) a medium rough ground forming step, and (5) a finishing step are performed. Specific examples of the press machine 10 include a 1600T press machine and the like. The press machine 10 includes a pressurizing unit (not shown) that pressurizes an object to be pressurized via a wasteland forming upper die, a medium roughland forming upper die, and a finishing upper die. The workbench 100 of the press machine 10 has three work areas 12, 13, and 15, and a lower mold for rough ground molding, a lower mold for medium rough ground molding, and a lower mold for finishing are installed, respectively. In the pressurizing part of the press machine 10, a wasteland forming upper mold, a middle wasteland forming upper mold, and a finishing upper mold are provided in the work areas 12, 13, and 15, respectively, as a wasteland forming lower mold and a middle wasteland forming upper mold. It is installed at the position corresponding to the lower mold for molding and the lower mold for finishing. These upper dies move toward the corresponding lower dies as the pressurizing section moves toward the workbench 100. It is preferable that the center position of the upper mold coincides with the center position of the corresponding lower mold.

本発明では、プレス機１０の加圧部の重心位置と仕上げ用上型の中心位置を一致させる。一般に、プレス機１０の加圧部の重心位置は、プレス機１０の中心位置（破線の交点）と一致するため、プレス機１０の中心位置と仕上げ用上型の中心位置を一致させることにより、加圧部の重心位置と仕上げ用上型の中心位置を一致させることができる。 In the present invention, the position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion of the press machine 10 and the center position of the finishing die are matched. Generally, the position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion of the press machine 10 coincides with the center position of the press machine 10 (the intersection of the broken lines). The position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion and the center position of the finishing die can be matched.

プレス機２０は、（１）潰し工程、及び（４）芯抜き工程が行われる低圧のプレス機である。プレス機２０の具体例として、１００Ｔプレス機等が挙げられる。プレス機２０は、潰し用上型及び芯抜き用上型を介して加圧対象物を加圧する加圧部（図示せず）を備える。プレス機２０の作業台２００には、２つの作業領域１１，１４が有り、それぞれ潰し用下型、芯抜き用下型が設置される。プレス機２０の加圧部には、潰し用上型及び芯抜き用上型が、それぞれ作業領域１１，１４に設置された潰し用下型及び芯抜き用下型に対応する位置に設置される。これらの上型は、加圧部が作業台２００に向かって移動することにより、対応する下型に向かって移動する。なお、上型の中心位置は、対応する下型の中心位置と一致させることが好ましい。 The press machine 20 is a low-pressure press machine in which (1) a crushing process and (4) a core removal process are performed. Specific examples of the press machine 20 include a 100T press machine and the like. The press machine 20 includes a pressurizing unit (not shown) that pressurizes the object to be pressurized via the upper die for crushing and the upper die for core removal. The workbench 200 of the press machine 20 has two work areas 11 and 14, and a lower mold for crushing and a lower mold for core removal are installed, respectively. In the pressurizing portion of the press machine 20, a crushing upper die and a centering upper die are installed at positions corresponding to the crushing lower die and the centering lower die installed in the work areas 11 and 14, respectively. .. These upper dies move toward the corresponding lower dies as the pressurizing section moves toward the workbench 200. It is preferable that the center position of the upper mold coincides with the center position of the corresponding lower mold.

本発明の鍛造品の製造方法の各工程によって加工される加工対象物は、図１の矢印が示すように搬送される。図２は、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法で採用される加工対象物のロボット（ＲＢ）搬送の一例を示す図である。本実施形態では、３台の搬送ＲＢ５０ａ，５０ｂ，５０ｃを用いて、プレス機１０とプレス機２０の間で加工対象物を搬送することができる。例えば、搬送ＲＢ５０ａは、潰し加工が施された加工対象物を作業領域１１から作業領域１２へ搬送する。搬送ＲＢ５０ｂは、中荒地成形が施された加工対象物を作業領域１３から作業領域１４へ搬送する。搬送ＲＢ５０ｃは、芯抜き加工が施された加工対象物を作業領域１４から作業領域１５へ搬送する。 The processed object processed by each step of the forged product manufacturing method of the present invention is conveyed as shown by the arrow in FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of robot (RB) transport of a work object adopted in the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the object to be machined can be conveyed between the press machine 10 and the press machine 20 by using three transfer RBs 50a, 50b, 50c. For example, the transport RB50a transports the crushed object to be machined from the work area 11 to the work area 12. The transport RB50b transports the work target that has been formed in the middle wasteland from the work area 13 to the work area 14. The transport RB50c transports the work target to which the centering process has been performed from the work area 14 to the work area 15.

図３（Ａ）は、従来の方法による仕上げ成形の様子を示す図である。従来の方法では、プレス機の加圧部の重心位置から外れた位置に設置された仕上げ成形用上型の下面３０が、仕上げ成形用下型３１に配置された加工対象物を加圧するため、均等に加工対象物を加圧することができない。その結果、図３（Ａ）に示すように、仕上げ成形品３２の厚さのバラつきや欠肉が生じ、欠肉部分に黒皮が残ってしまうことがある。 FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a state of finish molding by a conventional method. In the conventional method, the lower surface 30 of the upper die for finish molding installed at a position deviating from the position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion of the press presses the object to be machined placed on the lower die 31 for finish molding. It is not possible to pressurize the object to be processed evenly. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3A, the thickness of the finished molded product 32 may vary or lack of meat, and black skin may remain in the portion of the lack of meat.

図３（Ｂ）は、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法による仕上げ成形の様子を示す図である。本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、プレス機１０の加圧部の重心位置に対応する位置に設置された仕上げ成形用上型の下面４０が、仕上げ成形用下型４１に配置された加工対象物を加圧するため、均等に加工対象物を加圧することができる。その結果、図３（Ｂ）に示すように、仕上げ成形品の厚さのバラつきや欠肉を抑制し、黒皮を除去することができる。 FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a state of finish molding by the method for producing a forged product of the present invention. In the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention, the lower surface 40 of the upper die for finish molding installed at a position corresponding to the position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion of the press machine 10 is a processing target arranged on the lower die 41 for finish molding. Since the object is pressurized, the object to be processed can be pressed evenly. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), it is possible to suppress the variation in the thickness of the finished molded product and the lack of meat, and to remove the black skin.

図４は、同一の仕上げ成形用上型及び下型を用いて行われた従来の方法及び本発明の鍛造品の鍛造方法による仕上げ成形品の厚さのバラつきである厚さ振れの計測結果を示すグラフである。図４に示す厚さ振れは、仕上げ成形品の厚さの最大値から仕上げ成形品の厚さの最小値を減算することによって算出した（図３（Ａ）を参照）。従来の方法では、厚さ振れは０．４８ｍｍであり、一方、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、厚さ振れは０．１ｍｍであった。この結果から、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法は、従来の方法と比較して、仕上げ成形品の厚さのバラつきを効果的に抑制できることが実証された。 FIG. 4 shows the measurement results of the thickness runout, which is the variation in the thickness of the finished molded product by the conventional method performed using the same upper and lower molds for finish molding and the forging method of the forged product of the present invention. It is a graph which shows. The thickness runout shown in FIG. 4 was calculated by subtracting the minimum value of the thickness of the finish-molded product from the maximum value of the thickness of the finish-molded product (see FIG. 3A). In the conventional method, the thickness runout was 0.48 mm, while in the method for producing the forged product of the present invention, the thickness runout was 0.1 mm. From this result, it was demonstrated that the method for producing a forged product of the present invention can effectively suppress the variation in the thickness of the finished molded product as compared with the conventional method.

図５は、同一の仕上げ成形用上型及び下型を用いて行われた従来の方法及び本発明の鍛造品の製造方法による仕上げ成形品の重量を示すグラフである。従来の方法による仕上げ成形品の重量は２１３８ｇであり、一方、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法による仕上げ成形品の重量は１９４７ｇであった。この結果から、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法は、従来の方法と比較して、仕上げ成形品における不要な部分を抑制することができることが実証された。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing the weight of a finish-molded product by a conventional method performed using the same upper and lower molds for finish molding and the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention. The weight of the finish-molded product by the conventional method was 2138 g, while the weight of the finish-molded product by the method for producing the forged product of the present invention was 1947 g. From this result, it was demonstrated that the method for producing a forged product of the present invention can suppress unnecessary parts in a finished molded product as compared with the conventional method.

本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、上述したように、プレス機１０の加圧部の重心位置に対応する位置に設置された仕上げ成形用上型の下面が、仕上げ成形用下型に配置された加工対象物を加圧するため、均等に加工対象物を加圧することができる。これにより、仕上げ成形品の厚さのバラつきや欠肉を抑制し、黒皮を除去することができる。その結果、仕上げ成形品を加工する手間を減らすことができる。 In the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention, as described above, the lower surface of the upper mold for finish molding installed at the position corresponding to the position of the center of gravity of the pressure portion of the press machine 10 is arranged on the lower mold for finish molding. Since the processed object is pressurized, the processed object can be pressed evenly. As a result, it is possible to suppress variations in the thickness of the finished molded product and lack of meat, and to remove black skin. As a result, it is possible to reduce the labor of processing the finished molded product.

また、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、芯抜き加工が施された加工対象物に対して仕上げ成形を施す。このため、芯抜き加工が施されていない加工対象物に対して仕上げ成形を施す方法に比べ、加圧すべき加工対象物の体積を減少させ、低圧力で加工対象物に仕上げ成形を施すことができる。これにより、仕上げ成形に必要な圧力を低減することができるため、仕上げ成形に使用する上型及び下型の寿命を延ばすことができ、上型及び下型に係る費用を低減することができる。 Further, in the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention, finish molding is performed on a processed object that has been cored. For this reason, compared to the method of performing finish molding on a work object that has not been centered, it is possible to reduce the volume of the work object to be pressurized and perform finish molding on the work object at low pressure. can. As a result, the pressure required for finish molding can be reduced, so that the life of the upper and lower dies used for finish molding can be extended, and the cost related to the upper and lower dies can be reduced.

さらに、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、加圧部の重心位置の直下に加工対象物を配置することができるため、加圧部の荷重を効率的に加工対象物に加えることができ、仕上げ成形に必要な圧力を低減することができる。その結果、仕上げ成形に使用する上型及び下型の寿命を延ばすことができ、上型及び下型に係る費用を低減することができる。 Further, in the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention, since the object to be machined can be placed directly under the position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing section, the load of the pressurizing section can be efficiently applied to the object to be machined. The pressure required for finish molding can be reduced. As a result, the life of the upper and lower dies used for finish molding can be extended, and the cost related to the upper and lower dies can be reduced.

さらに、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、（１）潰し工程、（２）荒地成形工程、（３）中荒地成形工程、（４）芯抜き工程、及び（５）仕上げ工程を２つに分割し、それぞれ異なるプレス機で行うため、プレス機を小型化することができる。 Further, in the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention, there are two steps: (1) crushing step, (2) rough ground forming step, (3) medium rough ground forming step, (4) core removal step, and (5) finishing step. Since it is divided and each is performed by a different press machine, the press machine can be miniaturized.

さらに、本発明の鍛造品の製造方法では、２つのプレス機の間の加工対象物の移動を、自由度の高いＲＢ搬送によって行うことにより、加工工程の分割に伴うリードタイムの増加を抑制することができる。 Further, in the method for manufacturing a forged product of the present invention, the object to be machined is moved between the two press machines by RB transfer having a high degree of freedom, thereby suppressing an increase in lead time due to division of the machining process. be able to.

なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限られたものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更することができる。例えば、上述した実施形態では、ＲＢ搬送によって加工対象物を移動するが、他の実施形態では、３軸のローダ等の他の搬送方法を用いて加工対象物を移動してもよい。また、上述した実施形態では、５工程による鍛造品の製造方法について説明したが、その他の工程数の製造方法についても、本発明を適用することができる。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the work target is moved by RB transport, but in other embodiments, the work target may be moved by using another transport method such as a 3-axis loader. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the method of manufacturing the forged product by five steps has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to the manufacturing method of other steps.

１０ プレス機
１００ 作業台
１１ 潰し工程の作業領域
１２ 荒地成形工程の作業領域
１３ 中荒地成形工程の作業領域
１４ 芯抜き工程の作業領域
１５ 仕上げ成形工程の作業領域
２０ プレス機
２００ 作業台 10 Press machine 100 Workbench 11 Work area of crushing process 12 Work area of wasteland forming process 13 Work area of medium wasteland forming process 14 Work area of centering process 15 Work area of finish molding process 20 Press machine 200 Workbench

Claims (1)

高圧の第１のプレス機と、低圧の第２のプレス機とを用いて行う鍛造品の製造方法であって、
潰し工程、荒地成形工程、中荒地成形工程、芯抜き工程及び仕上げ工程を含み、
各工程は、前記潰し工程、前記荒地成形工程、前記中荒地成形工程、前記芯抜き工程及び前記仕上げ工程の順序で行われ、
前記荒地成形工程、前記中荒地成形工程、及び前記芯抜き工程は、前記第１のプレス機で行われ、
前記潰し工程及び前記芯抜き工程は、前記第２のプレス機で行われ、
前記第１のプレス機が備える加圧部の重心位置と、仕上げ成形用の上型の中心位置とが一致しており、
前記第１のプレス機は、前記芯抜き工程において、前記第２のプレス機による芯抜き加工が施された加工対象物に対し、前記仕上げ成形用の上型を用いて仕上げ成形を施すことを特徴とする、鍛造品の製造方法。 It is a method for manufacturing a forged product performed by using a high-pressure first press machine and a low-pressure second press machine.
Includes crushing process, wasteland forming process, medium wasteland forming process, core removal process and finishing process.
Each step is performed in the order of the crushing step, the rough ground forming step, the medium rough ground forming step, the centering step, and the finishing step.
The rough ground forming step, the medium rough ground forming step, and the centering step are performed by the first press machine.
The crushing step and the core removing step are performed by the second press machine.
The position of the center of gravity of the pressurizing portion provided in the first press machine coincides with the center position of the upper mold for finish molding.
In the centering step, the first press machine performs finish molding on a work target that has been centered by the second press machine using the upper die for finish molding. A characteristic method for manufacturing forged products.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003311361A (en) 2002-04-18 2003-11-05 Toyota Motor Corp Method for forging deformed bar-shaped body
JP2008137038A (en) 2006-12-01 2008-06-19 Komatsu Sanki Kk Forming method using hot-forging press, and hot forging press
JP2010207827A (en) 2009-03-06 2010-09-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Method and apparatus for manufacturing connecting rod

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3406212B2 (en) * 1997-12-26 2003-05-12 本田技研工業株式会社 Bevel gear forming equipment

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003311361A (en) 2002-04-18 2003-11-05 Toyota Motor Corp Method for forging deformed bar-shaped body
JP2008137038A (en) 2006-12-01 2008-06-19 Komatsu Sanki Kk Forming method using hot-forging press, and hot forging press
JP2010207827A (en) 2009-03-06 2010-09-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Method and apparatus for manufacturing connecting rod

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