JP7042599B2 - Cover structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a novel coated structure.

When a structure such as a building or a civil engineering structure is exposed to a high temperature due to a fire or the like, there is a problem that the physical strength of the steel frame constituting the columns, beams, etc. is sharply reduced. On the other hand, there is known a coating structure in which a steel frame is coated with a heat-resistant covering material to delay the temperature rise of the steel frame in the event of a fire and suppress a decrease in the physical strength of the steel frame.

As the coating structure, for example, a wet coating structure is known in which a mixed composition in which an inorganic binder such as cement is appropriately mixed with an inorganic fibrous substance, a lightweight aggregate, an inorganic powder containing water of crystallization, etc. is thickly applied to the steel frame surface. Has been done. Further, instead of the above-mentioned wet coating structure, a dry coating structure using a dry material such as an inorganic fiber mixed mat, rock wool, fireproof board, and a heat-foamable sheet is also known. The dry coating structure is suitable because it is superior in workability and finishability to the wet coating structure.

In the drywall structure, as a method of fixing the drywall material (coating material) to the steel frame beam, a method of fixing with a fixing member such as a welding pin, a screw, a tapping screw, or a tacker is often adopted. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method of fixing a steel frame covering sheet with a welding pin.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-31797

As described above, in the drywall structure, fixing work by welding or the like is often required at the time of construction. However, since these fixing operations require a lot of time and effort, there is a demand to set the installation interval of the fixing members as large as possible from the viewpoint of work efficiency. However, if the installation interval of the fixing members is too large, the desired heat resistance may not be obtained.

The present invention relates to an H-type or I-type steel frame (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “steel frame”) constituting a steel frame structure and a covering structure made of a dry material provided so as to cover the steel frame, and has stable heat-resistant protection. The purpose is to gain sex.

As a result of diligent studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor covers the upper flange edge portion of the steel frame with a heat-foamable coating material, and further fixes the heat-foamable sheet so as to cover the periphery of the steel frame. I came up with the structure and completed the present invention.

That is, the covering structure of the present invention has the following characteristics.
1. 1. A coated structure having an H-type or I-type steel frame fixed below the structural material and a heat-foamable sheet.
A heat-foamable coating material is attached to the upper flange edge of the steel frame.
The heat-foamable sheet is provided so as to cover the periphery of the steel frame, is provided so as to cover the surface of the heat-foamable coating material at the upper flange edge portion, and is provided so as to cover the surface of the heat-foamable coating material, and the structural material and / or the upper flange of the steel frame. A covering structure characterized in that it is fixed to an edge portion by a fixing member.
2. 2. 1. The fixing members are installed at intervals of 50 to 300 mm. The covering structure described in.
3. 3. The heat-foamable coating material is characterized in that it is in the form of a sheet, a tape, or a coating material. Or 2. The covering structure described in.

In the present invention, when the H-type or I-type steel frame fixed below the structural material is exposed to a high temperature due to a fire or the like, stable heat resistance can be obtained.

It is (I) sectional view and (II) perspective view which shows an example of the covering structure of this invention. It is (I) sectional view and (II) perspective view which shows an example of the covering structure of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the steel frame used in this invention. It is a side view which shows an example of the covering structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows an example of the covering structure of this invention. It is a side view which shows an example of the covering structure of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the steel frame used in this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the covering structure of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described.

An example of the covering structure of the present invention is shown in FIG.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (I) and a perspective view (II) showing an example of the covering structure of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an H-shaped steel frame 2 provided below the structural material 1 and a heat-foamable sheet 3 are provided, and a heat-foamable coating material 4 is provided on the edge portion 2d of the upper flange 2a of the H-type steel frame 2. Is provided so that the heat-foamable sheet 3 covers the periphery of the H-shaped steel frame 2 excluding the surface in contact with the structural material 1 via the air layer 5, and both ends of the heat-foamable sheet 3 are covered. It is fixed to the structural material 1 by a fixing member 6. At the edge portion 2d of the upper flange 2a, the heat-foamable sheet 3 is provided so as to cover the surface of the heat-foamable coating material 4. Further, the heat-foamable sheet 3 and the heat-foamable coating material 4 may be provided via an air layer, may be provided so as to be in contact with each other, or may be bonded with an adhesive or the like.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (I) and a perspective view (II) showing an example of the covering structure of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the H-shaped steel frame 2 provided below the structural material 1 and the heat-foamable sheet 3 are provided, and the heat-foamable coating material 4 is provided on the edge portion 2d of the upper flange 2a of the H-type steel frame 2. Is provided so that the heat-foamable sheet 3 covers the periphery of the H-shaped steel frame 2 excluding the surface in contact with the structural material 1 via the air layer 5, and both ends of the heat-foamable sheet 3 are covered. It is fixed to the edge portion 2d of the upper flange 2a of the H-shaped steel frame 2 by the fixing member 6. At the edge portion 2d of the upper flange 2a, the heat-foamable sheet 3 is provided so as to cover the surface of the heat-foamable coating material 4, and is fixed by the fixing member 6 together with the heat-foamable coating material 4. At this time, the heat-foamable sheet 3 and the heat-foamable coating material 4 may be provided so that the region other than the fixing portion fixed by the fixing member 6 is provided through the air layer or is in contact with the heat-foamable coating material 4. Further, it can be bonded with an adhesive or the like.

When the structural coating of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is exposed to a high temperature due to a fire or the like, the heat-foamable sheet 3 provided so as to cover the periphery of the H-shaped steel frame 2 foams to form a carbonized heat insulating layer. Form. In the process of forming the carbonized heat insulating layer, the heat-foamable sheet 3 may bend between the fixing members, and a gap between the structural material 1 and the heat-foamable sheet 3 may occur. Even in such a case, in the present invention, the heat-foamable coating material 4 adhering to the upper flange edge portion 2d of the H-shaped steel frame 2 foams to create a gap between the structural material 1 and the heat-foamable sheet 3. A carbonized heat insulating layer can be formed so as to be filled, the heat-resistant protection of the edge portion of the upper flange of the steel frame can be enhanced, and stable heat-resistant protection can be obtained. Further, due to the above effect, it is possible to set a large distance between the fixing members, and the fixing work can be efficiently performed.

The structural material 1 of the present invention may be any known material in which a steel frame can be installed, and examples thereof include floors and ceilings of buildings, preferably those having heat resistance, for example, ALC plates, PC plates, deck plates, and the like. Examples include deck plate concrete.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the H-shaped steel frame used in the present invention. The H-shaped steel frame 2 of the present invention functions as a beam that supports the structural material 1, and is fixed to the structural material 1 directly or via a connecting member or the like by fixing means such as bolts and welding. .. As the H-shaped steel frame 2 of the present invention, the one having an H-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 3 and formed by connecting the upper flange 2a and the lower flange 2b with a plate-shaped web 2c is used. .. The H-shaped steel frame has a wide flange width and the inner and outer surfaces of the flange are parallel to each other. Further, in the present invention, the edge portion 2d of the upper flange means the vicinity of both ends of the upper flange. In the present invention, the side in contact with the structural material 1 is referred to as an upper flange, and the opposite side is referred to as a lower flange.

The heat-foamable sheet 3 of the present invention foams when the ambient temperature rises due to a fire or the like and the sheet temperature reaches a predetermined foaming temperature (preferably 180 ° C. or higher, more preferably 200 to 400 ° C.), and the temperature range thereof. It forms a carbonized heat insulating layer in. The heat-foamable sheet 3 preferably contains a resin component, a flame retardant, a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, and a filler as constituent components. Among these, the resin component is, for example, a thermoplastic resin such as acrylic resin, acrylic styrene resin, vinyl acetate resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, the flame retardant is, for example, ammonium polyphosphate, and the foaming agent is, for example, melamine or dicyandiamide. Examples of the carbonizing agent such as azodicarbonamide include pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol, and examples of the filler include titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, and inorganic fibers.

The blending ratio of each component is 200 to 600 parts by weight of the flame retardant, 40 to 150 parts by weight of the foaming agent, 40 to 150 parts by weight of the carbonizer, and 50 to 50 parts by weight of the filler with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component in terms of solid content. It is preferably 160 parts by weight.
The thickness of the heat-foamable sheet 3 may be appropriately set depending on the application site and the like, but is preferably about 0.2 to 10 mm, more preferably about 0.3 to 6 mm.

Further, the heat-foamable sheet 3 may contain various additives in addition to the above-mentioned constituent components, if necessary. The additive may be any additive that does not significantly impair the effects of the present invention, for example, pigments, fibers, wetting agents, plasticizers, lubricants, preservatives, fungicides, algae-proofing agents, antibacterial agents, thickeners. , Dispersants, antifoaming agents, cross-linking agents, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, diluting solvents and the like.

Further, the heat-foamable sheet 3 of the present invention may be composed only of a sheet containing the above-mentioned constituent components, but a fibrous sheet may be laminated on the back surface (steel frame side). As such a fibrous sheet, for example, a known sheet containing organic fibers and / or inorganic fibers can be used.

The heat-foamable coating material 4 of the present invention foams when the ambient temperature rises due to a fire or the like and the temperature reaches a predetermined foaming temperature (preferably 180 ° C. or higher, more preferably 200 to 400 ° C.), and the temperature thereof. It forms a carbonized heat insulating layer in the region. As the constituent components of the heat-foamable coating material 4, those containing a resin component, a flame retardant, a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, a filler, and various additives as necessary are preferable, and each of these components is suitable. The same sheet as the heat foamable sheet 3 can be used. Further, as the embodiment, any one can be used as long as it can be attached to the upper flange edge portion of the steel frame, and either a dry covering material such as a sheet or a tape, or a wet coating material such as a coating material can be used. In the present invention, a dry covering material having excellent workability and finish is suitable.

The sheet-shaped heat-foamable coating material 4 may be a sheet containing the above-mentioned constituent components, and for example, the same material as the above-mentioned heat-foamable sheet 3 may be used, and the thickness thereof may be appropriately set. It is preferably about 0.2 to 10 mm (more preferably 0.3 to 6 mm). The sheet-shaped heat-foamable coating material 4 is preferably adhered to the upper flange edge portion of the steel frame via an adhesive. The adhesive is not particularly limited, but an organic adhesive using a synthetic resin such as an acrylic resin as a binder is suitable.

As the tape-shaped heat-foamable coating material 4 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “heat-foamable tape”), one in which an adhesive layer is laminated on the back surface of the heat-foaming layer containing the above components can be used, for example. A heat-foamable sheet 3 (heat-foaming layer) having an adhesive layer laminated on the back surface can be used. The thickness of the heat foam layer may be appropriately set, but is preferably about 0.2 to 10 mm (more preferably 0.3 to 6 mm). The adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but for example, an organic adhesive using a synthetic resin such as an acrylic resin as a binder is suitable. Further, the heat-foamable tape is preferably one in which a release paper that protects the adhesive layer is laminated, and in such an embodiment, the release paper can be peeled off and used at the time of construction. The release paper is not particularly limited, and a known release paper can be used.

The fixing member 6 of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, a fastener such as a washer (screw), a tacker, a welding pin, a bolt, and a tapping screw can be used. Further, as these materials, nonflammable materials such as those made of metal are preferable.

The covering structure of the present invention can be formed, for example, by the following method.
(1) A step of adhering the heat-foamable coating material 4 to the edge portion 2d longitudinal direction (L) of the upper flange 2a of the H-shaped steel frame 2 fixed below the structural material 1 (2) Next, the H-shaped steel frame 2 A step of covering the periphery with the heat-foamable sheet 3 so as to cover it, and fixing the end portion of the heat-foamable sheet 3 to the structural material 1 and / or the upper flange edge 2d of the steel frame with the fixing member 6.

In the above (1), the heat-foamable coating material 4 is a fixing portion other than a fixing portion in which at least the heat-foaming sheet 3 is fixed by the fixing member 6 in the edge portion 2d longitudinal direction (L) of the upper flange 2a of the H-shaped steel frame 2. However, it is preferable that the edge portion 2d is adhered so as to cover the entire longitudinal direction (L). As a result, when exposed to a high temperature due to a fire or the like, even if the heat-foamable sheet 3 bends, the heat-foamable coating material 4 foams to fill the gap between the structural material 1 and the heat-foamable sheet 3. As described above, the carbonized heat insulating layer can be formed, the heat-resistant protection of the edge portion of the upper flange of the steel frame can be enhanced, and stable heat-resistant protection can be obtained.

As a method of adhering the heat-foamable coating material 4, when the heat-foamable coating material 4 is a coating material, for example, a coating tool such as a spray, a roller, or a brush may be used for coating. When the heat-foamable coating material 4 is in the form of a sheet, it may be attached via an adhesive, and when it is in the form of a tape, the release paper may be peeled off and attached.

In the above (2), when the end portion of the heat-foamable sheet 3 is fixed to the structural material 1 and / or the upper flange edge 2d of the steel frame by the fixing member 6, the space X between the fixing members 6 is the heat-foaming sheet 3. Is not particularly limited as long as it can be held, and may be appropriately set depending on the type of the fixing member 6, but is preferably installed at intervals of 50 to 300 mm (more preferably 80 to 200 mm). If the distance X between the fixing members 6 is 50 mm or more, it is advantageous in terms of work efficiency, and if it is 300 mm or less, the effect of the present invention can be fully exhibited.

Further, when a plurality of heat-foamable sheets 3 are provided in the longitudinal direction (L) of the H-shaped steel frame 2, as shown in FIG. 4, the heat-foamable sheets 3 are covered so as to have an overlapping portion (FIG. 4). It may be (I)) or butt-coated (FIG. 4 (II)). Further, when the heat-foamable sheets 3 are coated so as to have the overlapped portion A, it is preferable that the heat-foamable sheets 3 of the overlapped portion A are fixed to each other, for example, the heat-foamable sheet inside the overlapped portion A. The front surface of the 31 and the back surface of the outer heat-foamable sheet 32 are fixed with an adhesive or the like (FIG. 5 (I)), and / or the end portion of the outer heat-foamable sheet 32 is attached to the front surface of the inner heat-foamable sheet 31. It is preferable to attach and fix it with a heat-foamable tape or the like (FIG. 5 (II)). Further, when the heat-foamable sheets 3 are abutted against each other and covered, it is preferable to attach the above-mentioned heat-foamable tape to the abutting portion B (FIG. 6). Further, in the coating structure of the present invention, the heat-foamable sheet 3 covering the lower flange 2b of the H-shaped steel frame 2 may be fixed via an adhesive as described above.

In the covering structure of the present invention, two or more heat-foamable sheets 3 can be laminated and used. When two or more heat-foamable sheets 3 are laminated, a heat-foamable sheet laminated in advance with an adhesive or the like may be used, but the above step (2) may be repeated.

Further, the covering structure of the present invention may have a protective layer on the heat-foamable sheet 3 if necessary. As the protective layer, for example, a topcoat material, a sheet (or film) material, or the like can be used, and these may be a transparent layer or a colored layer (pattern layer). Specifically, the topcoat material can be formed by applying a known coating material, and for example, a coating material such as an acrylic resin-based, urethane resin-based, acrylic silicon resin-based, or fluororesin-based coating material can be used. .. The topcoat material may be applied by a known application method, and for example, a coating tool such as a spray, a roller, or a brush can be used. Further, as the sheet (or film) material, for example, various known resin sheets can be attached.

The present invention can be applied to an I-type steel frame as well as the above-mentioned H-type steel frame.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the type I steel frame used in the present invention. As the I-shaped steel frame 21 of the present invention, a steel frame 21 having an I-shaped cross section and formed by connecting the upper flange 21a and the lower flange 21b with a plate-shaped web 21c is used. The I-type steel frame 21 is usually sloped inside the flange.

In FIG. 7, the heat-foamable coating material 4 is attached to the edge portion 21d of the upper flange 21a of the I-type steel frame 21 provided on the structural material 1 and the I-type steel frame 21, and is in contact with the structural material 1. The heat-foamable sheet 3 is provided so as to cover the periphery of the H-shaped steel frame 21 excluding the surface to be covered with the air layer 5, and both ends of the heat-foamable sheet 3 are fixed to the structural material 1 by the fixing member 6. There is.

Examples are shown below to clarify the features of the present invention.

(Thermal foaming sheet)
Pressurization of a mixture containing 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic resin (acrylic resin), 90 parts by weight of melamine, 90 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol, 320 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, and 100 parts by weight of titanium oxide at a temperature of 120 ° C. After kneading with a kneader to prepare a kneaded material for a heat-foamable sheet, the kneaded material is laminated on a glass fiber sheet and processed into a sheet by a rolling roller to form a heat-foamable sheet (450 mm × 1200 mm) having a thickness of 1.5 mm. Made.

( Thermal foaming tape )
A heat-foamable sheet (20 mm × 1200 mm) having a film thickness of 1 mm was produced in the same manner as the above-mentioned heat-foamable sheet. Next, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was applied to one surface and protected with a release paper to prepare a heat-foamable tape.

(Test Example 1)
As shown in FIG. 2, an H-shaped steel frame (H400 × 200 × 8 × 13 mm, length 1200 mm) was installed on a structural material (floor plate: ALC plate). The heat-foamable tape 4 was attached in the longitudinal direction (L) of the edge portion of the upper flange of the H-shaped steel frame. Next, according to FIG. 2, one end of the heat-foamable sheet 3 is fixed to a fixing member (welded stud pin: fixing interval X =) so that the glass fiber sheet side of the manufactured heat-foamable sheet 3 is on the H-shaped steel frame side. Welded and fixed with 120 mm), and then wrapped around the H-shaped steel frame so that the heat-foamable sheet 3 covers (the overlapping width of the joints between the heat-foamable sheets is 20 mm), and the other side of the heat-foamable sheet. The end portion of the test piece was also fixed with a fixing member in the same manner as a test piece.
The prepared test piece was subjected to a heating test for 1 hour according to the standard heating curve of ISO834. As a result, a substantially uniform carbonized heat insulating layer was formed, and further, a carbonized heat insulating layer was formed without a gap between the structural material and the heat-foamable sheet in the upper flange portion of the H-shaped steel frame, and showed good fire resistance.

(Test Example 2)
In Test Example 1, a test piece was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the heat-foaming sheet was butted and covered, and the heat-foaming tape was attached to the butted portion as shown in FIG.
The prepared test piece was subjected to a heating test for 1 hour according to the standard heating curve of ISO834. As a result, a substantially uniform carbonized heat insulating layer was formed, and further, a carbonized heat insulating layer was formed without a gap between the structural material and the heat-foamable sheet in the upper flange portion of the H-shaped steel frame, and showed good fire resistance.

1. 1. Structural material (floor material)
2. 2. H-shaped steel frame 2a. Upper flange 2b. Lower flange 2c. Web 2d. Edge part 21. Type I steel frame 21a. Upper flange 21b. Lower flange 21c. Web 21d. Edge part 3. Thermal foaming sheet 4. Heat-foamable dressing 4'heat-foamable tape 5. Air layer 6. Fixing member A. Overlapping part B. Butt part X. Spacing of fixing members L. Longitudinal direction

Claims (3)

A coated structure having an H-type or I-type steel frame fixed below the structural material and a heat-foamable sheet.
A heat-foamable coating material is attached to the upper flange edge of the steel frame.
The heat-foamable sheet is provided so as to cover the periphery of the steel frame, is provided so as to cover the surface of the heat-foamable coating material at the upper flange edge portion, and is provided so as to cover the surface of the heat-foamable coating material, and the structural material and / or the upper flange of the steel frame. A covering structure characterized in that it is fixed to an edge portion by a fixing member. The covering structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixing members are installed at intervals of 50 to 300 mm. The coating structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat-foamable coating material is in the form of a sheet, a tape, or a coating material.

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