JP2019218853A - Fire resistant structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fire resistant structure capable of improving a fire resistant efficiency.SOLUTION: A decorative material 10, a plurality of substrate members 35 and a fire resistant material 20 arranged at a side of the decorative material 10 of the plurality of substrate members 35 are provided. Among the plurality of substrate members 35 adjacent substrate members 35 have adjacent ends each other. The fire resistant material 20 has a high fire resistant part 24 having a higher fire resistant efficiency than other part at its one part. The high fire resistant part 24 is arranged at a position corresponding to at least one part of the adjacent part 31 of the end part of the substrate member 35. The high fire resistant part 24 can easily prevent a flame or heat from entering from the outdoor side into the indoor side through the adjacent part 31 to improve the fire resistant efficiency.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

  The present invention relates to a refractory structure. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fireproof structure applicable to an outer wall, an inner wall, a roof, a ceiling, and the like of a building.

  Patent Literature 1 discloses a fire-resistant wall structure. In this fire-resistant wall structure, a plate made of calcium silicate is fixed to one side of a wooden stud with a nail, then a foamable fire-resistant sheet is fixed to the plate with a tucker, and the wooden torso is stuck to the stud. It is fixed, and a plate of ceramic siding is fixed to the body edge with nails from above.

  In such a fire-resistant wall structure, the foamable refractory sheet expands and expands when heated in the event of a fire, and a non-combustible porous heat insulating layer is formed between the calcium silicate plate and the ceramic siding plate. To form Therefore, it is possible to make it difficult to transmit heat and flame from outdoors to indoors or from indoors to outdoors.

JP 2011-94350 A

  However, in the fire-resistant wall structure as described above, the flame or heat easily enters from the outdoor side to the indoor side through the joint portion (butting portion) of the plate material of the adjacent calcium silicate plate, and the fire resistance is impaired. was there.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide a fireproof structure capable of improving fireproof performance.

  A fireproof structure according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a decorative material, a plurality of base members to which the decorative material is attached, and a fireproof material provided along a surface of the base members on the decorative material side. Of the plurality of base members, adjacent base members have end portions adjacent to each other, and the refractory material has a high refractory portion with higher fire resistance than other portions in a part thereof, and the high refractory portion includes The base member is arranged at a position corresponding to a portion adjacent to the end portions.

  In the present invention, there is an advantage that fire resistance performance can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a construction state of the base material in the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a construction state of the refractory material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is a perspective view illustrating an example of a method for constructing a refractory material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 6B is a perspective view showing another example of the method for constructing a refractory material in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another example of the construction state of the refractory material in Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view showing another example of Embodiment 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 2 according to the present invention. FIG. 11A is a sectional view showing a base member with a sheet used in a modification of the embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 11B is a perspective view showing the base member with a sheet according to the above. FIG. 11C is a perspective view showing a construction state of the base member with sheet according to the first embodiment. FIG. 12A is a perspective view showing a base member with a sheet used in a modification of the embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 12B is a perspective view showing a construction state of the base member with sheet according to the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a sectional perspective view showing Embodiment 3 according to the present invention. FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 3 according to the present invention.

(Embodiment 1)
(1) Outline FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show an outer wall structure 2 as a fireproof structure 1 of the present embodiment. The outer wall structure 2 includes a decorative material 10, a refractory material 20, a base material 30, a heat insulating material 40, and a support material 50. The decorative material 10, the refractory material 20, the base material 30, the heat insulating material 40, and the support material 50 are arranged in this order in the front-rear direction. That is, the base material 30 is disposed in front of the heat insulating material 40 and the support material 50. The refractory material 20 is disposed in front of the base material 30. Further, the decorative material 10 is disposed in front of the refractory material 20. In this specification, the front-back direction is the thickness direction of the outer wall structure 2 and is the same as the indoor and outdoor directions. Further, a substantially horizontal direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction is defined as a left-right direction, and a substantially vertical direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction is defined as a vertical direction.

(2) Cosmetic material 10
The decorative material 10 is an exterior material of the fireproof structure 1, and the fireproof structure 1 is decorated with the decorative material 10. In the case of the outer wall structure 2, the decorative material 10 is an outer wall material, for example, ceramic siding. Ceramic siding is a cured product of a hydraulic material including cement. The decorative material 10 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and has a design with an uneven pattern or a coating film on the surface thereof. The thickness of the decorative material 10 is formed, for example, in a range from 10 mm to 30 mm, but is not limited thereto. The shape of the decorative material 10 is also arbitrary, but is formed, for example, in a rectangular plate shape when viewed from the front (when viewed from the front). The cosmetic material 10 has a fruit. An actual concave portion 101 is provided at the upper end of the decorative material 10. At the lower end of the decorative material 10, a real convex portion 102 is provided. The decorative materials 10 to be applied vertically adjacent to each other are connected by fitting the real concave portions 101 and the real convex portions 102. The decorative material 10 may be a metal-based siding material obtained by molding a metal plate.

(3) Refractory material 20
The refractory material 20 improves the fire resistance of the refractory structure 1. The refractory material 20 foams due to the heat of the fire and increases its volume from the initial state before the fire. Here, fire resistance means suppressing the transmission of heat in the front-rear direction.

  The refractory material 20 can be formed by a plurality of sheet members 27. The sheet member 27 can be formed, for example, from a foamable refractory sheet having a rectangular shape in a front view, and in this case, a material containing a synthetic resin, a polyhydric alcohol, a flame-retardant foaming agent, and the like is preferable.

  Examples of the synthetic resin include melamine resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, polyolefin / vinyl acetate resin, and vinyl acetate / vinyl versatate. Polymer resins, vinyl acetate / polyolefin resins, vinyl acetate / versatic acid / acrylic resins, vinyl acetate / acrylic copolymer resins, acrylic / styrene copolymer resins, polybutadiene resins and the like can be mentioned. In addition, polyethylene etc. are mentioned as polyolefin.

  Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, polypentaerythritol and the like.

  As the flame-retardant foaming agent, phosphates such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, aluminum polyphosphate, and magnesium polyphosphate are preferably used. Sulfammonium, etc.), and borate (ammonium borate, etc.).

  The content ratio of the synthetic resin, the polyhydric alcohol, and the flame-retardant foaming agent in the refractory material 20 is 10 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less of the polyhydric alcohol and 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the synthetic resin. It is preferable that the amount is not less than 200 parts by mass and not more than parts by mass. The thickness of the refractory material 20 of the sheet is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and further preferably 0.4 mm or more and 1 mm or less.

  In order to enhance the heat shielding property of the refractory material 20 after foaming, it is preferable that the volume of the refractory material 20 after foaming has a foaming ratio of 10 to 30 times the volume before foaming. For example, by using a sheet-like refractory material 20 having a thickness of 0.6 mm for a 15 mm ventilation layer formed between the decorative material 10 and the base material 30, the expansion ratio becomes 25 times, and the fire resistance is relatively low. Can be enhanced. In addition, for example, a 1.2 mm sheet-like refractory material 20 having a foaming ratio of 12.5 times is used for a portion where the refractory performance is enhanced to further enhance the refractory property.

(4) Base material 30
The base material 30 is nonflammable, flat, and harder than the refractory material 20. The base material 30 is formed by a plurality of base members 35. As the base member 35, for example, a plaster board, a calcium silicate plate, or the like, which is rectangular in a front view, is used. The thickness of the base member 35 can be, for example, 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less, and preferably 9 mm or more and 21 mm or less, but is not limited thereto. The base member 35 conforms to the provisions of Article 68-26, Paragraph 1 of the Building Standards Act and Article 2-9 of the same law and Article 108-2 (non-combustible materials) of the same enforcement order. In some cases, it is preferable to have the certification of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

(5) Insulation material 40
The heat insulating material 40 improves the heat insulating property of the fireproof structure 1. That is. This is for reducing the amount of heat passing through the refractory structure 1 in the front-rear direction. Here, the heat insulating property means a performance of reducing the flow of heat.

It is preferable that the heat insulating material 40 is formed of a material having high fire resistance and nonflammability. For example, the heat insulating material 40 is formed using a fiber heat insulating material such as an artificial mineral fiber heat insulating material (for example, rock wool or glass wool). The shape of the heat insulating material 40 is, for example, a board or cotton, but is not limited thereto. The density of the heat insulating material 40 is 10 kg / m ³ or more and 32 kg / m ³ or less, preferably 15 kg / m ³ or more and 25 kg / m ³ or less, and the thickness is 50 mm or more and 150 mm or less, preferably 80 mm or more and 120 mm or less. When the density and the thickness of the heat insulating material 40 are in the above-described predetermined ranges, the heat insulating performance is hardly impaired, and the retention of heat inside can be reduced.

(6) Support material 50
As shown in FIG. 2, the supporting material 50 has the decorative material 10 and the base material 30 attached thereto and supports them. The support member 50 is a member that is long in the vertical direction, and is formed as, for example, a pillar and a stud. The support member 50 is made of metal, and for example, a C-shaped steel (lip-shaped channel steel) can be used. In addition to this, as the support member 50, various shapes of section steel can be used, and examples thereof include a square steel pipe, a channel steel, an H-section steel, and a hat section steel.

  The support member 50 has a mounting portion 51. The attachment portion 51 is formed in a flat plate shape that is long in the vertical direction. The base member 30 is attached to the attachment portion 51. The support member 50 has an opposing portion 52. The facing portion 52 is formed as a flat plate that is long in the vertical direction. The facing portion 52 is located behind the mounting portion 51 and faces the mounting portion 51. The support member 50 has a connecting portion 53. The connecting portion 53 is formed as a flat plate that is long in the vertical direction. One end in the short (width) direction of the connecting portion 53 is connected to one end in the short (width) direction of the mounting portion 51 over the entire length. The other end in the short (width) direction of the connecting portion 53 is connected to one end in the short (width) direction of the facing portion 52 over the entire length. Reinforcing portions 55 are provided over the entire length of the support member 50 in the vertical direction at the end of the mounting portion 51 on the side opposite to the connecting portion 53 and at the end of the facing portion 52 on the side opposite to the connecting portion 53. ing.

(7) Overall Configuration The outer wall structure 2 formed as the fireproof structure 1 is configured as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of support members 50 are provided on a base 63 via a base 64. The plurality of support members 50 are arranged one by one at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. Further, two or more support members 50 may be arranged in combination. When two support members 50 are combined, the outer surfaces of the joints 53 can be joined together.

  A plurality of base members 35 are attached in front of the plurality of support members 50. The plurality of base members 35 are arranged side by side in the vertical and horizontal directions. The base members 35 vertically adjacent to each other are attached such that the lower end of the upper base member 35 and the upper end of the lower base member 35 abut. The base members 35 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are attached such that the left end of the right base member 35 and the right end of the left base member 35 protrude. That is, the base members 35 arranged vertically are adjacent to each other via the adjacent portion 31, and the base members 35 arranged vertically are adjacent to each other via the adjacent portion 32. Each base member 35 is fixed to the mounting portion 51 of the support member 50 by a fixing tool 33 such as a screw or a nail.

  The adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 arranged in the left-right direction is desirably located in front of the mounting portion 51 of the support member 50. Thereby, even if the base member 35 is deformed in the event of a fire and a gap is generated in the adjacent portion 32, the fire resistance can be improved because the base portion 35 is closed by the attachment portion 51. Further, in this embodiment, the rectangular base member 35 is constructed horizontally, but may be constructed vertically.

  The heat insulating material 40 is disposed on the rear surface of the base material 30. The plurality of heat insulators 40 are respectively arranged between adjacent support members 50. The heat insulating material 40 may be bonded and fixed to the rear surface of the base material 30 with an adhesive or the like. The heat insulating material 40 can be fixed to the base material 30 with an adhesive tape in addition to bonding. It is preferable that the heat insulating material 40 be in close contact with the back surface of the base material 30. As a result, a space communicating vertically between the base material 30 and the heat insulating material 40 is not formed, and the heat transmitted from the base material 30 is prevented from moving vertically between the base material 30 and the heat insulating material 40. can do. When the support member 50 is made of wood, the support member 50 may be fixed to the support member 50 with a tucker or the like. Further, the heat insulating material 40 can be fixed to the support material 50 with an adhesive tape.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the refractory material 20 is disposed in front of the base material 30. Since the refractory material 20 is formed by a plurality of sheet members 27, the plurality of sheet members 27 are arranged side by side vertically and horizontally. The sheet member 27 is fixed to the base material 30 by a fixture 23 such as a tucker. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the mark portion 22 is provided on the surface of the sheet member 27. The mark portion 22 serves as a guide when attaching the sheet member 27 to the base material 30. For example, the mark part 22 is formed linearly long in the left-right direction, and an operator fixes the sheet member 27 with the fixture 23 while aligning the mark part 22 and the adjacent part 31. In addition, the overlapping dimension of the adjacent sheet members 27 can be adjusted using the mark portion 22 as a guide. Further, the mark portion 22 can be formed by a broken line, and the interval between the broken lines can be made equal, for example, at a pitch of 100 mm. In this case, the sheet member 27 can be constructed using the interval between the broken lines as a guide. Further, a dashed line of the mark portion 22 is formed at a position symmetrical with respect to the center in the width direction of the sheet member 27 so as to coincide with the dashed line of the other mark portion 22 in the width direction. The broken lines may be matched with each other, and may be used as a guide when the sheet member 27 is cut at a right angle.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, thick portions 21 are formed at positions corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 of the base member 35 vertically adjacent to each other. The thick portion 21 is formed by overlapping the end portions 26 of the sheet member 27. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 9B, by folding back the end portion 26 of the sheet member 27, the portion where the sheet member 27 overlaps double can be formed as the thick portion 21. As shown in FIG. 9C, another piece of refractory material (a refractory sheet member) 25 in the form of a short piece is overlapped on the surface of the refractory material 20, and a portion where the two refractory materials 20 overlap is formed as a thick portion 21. can do. In addition, for example, a part of the sheet-like refractory material 20 may be formed thicker than the other parts, and the thick part may be provided in the adjacent part 31 of the base member 35. Further, the thick portion 21 may be formed not only at a portion corresponding to the adjacent portion 31 of the base member 35 vertically adjacent, but also at a portion corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent horizontally. . That is, the thick portion 21 is preferably formed at a portion of the refractory material 20 corresponding to a boundary between the adjacent base members 35 and provided at least in a portion not opposed to the support member 50.

  Although the rolled long sheet has been described as an example of the refractory material 20 (sheet member 27), the present invention is not limited to this, and the refractory material 20 (sheet member 27) is slightly larger in size than the base member 35. Is also good. For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, a case will be described in which a rectangular base member 35 and a rectangular sheet member 27 are used, and the base member 35 is installed horizontally. The rectangular base member 35 and the rectangular sheet member 27 have substantially the same length on the long side and a longer rectangular sheet member 27 than the rectangular base member 35 on the short side. As an example, the rectangular base member 35 is 1820 mm (long side) × 606 mm (short side), and the rectangular sheet member 27 is 1820 mm (long side) × 700 mm (short side). Construction using the rectangular base member 35 and the rectangular sheet member 27 will be described. The construction of the rectangular base member 35 and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 described below are the same, and will not be described.

  A plurality of rectangular base members 35 are attached in front of the support member 50 in a vertically and horizontally abutting manner, and the adjacent portions 32 of the base members 35 arranged in the left-right direction may be located in front of the mounting portion 51 of the support member 50. desirable. Then, the rectangular sheet member 27 is fixed in front of the rectangular base member 35 with a tucker. At this time, the short sides of the rectangular base member 35 and the short sides of the rectangular sheet member 27 are made to substantially match. On the other hand, the long sides of the rectangular base member 35 do not coincide with the long sides of the rectangular sheet member 27, and the upper and lower long sides of the rectangular sheet member 27 Approximately the same size is protruded vertically from the upper and lower long sides. That is, the upper end 26a of the rectangular sheet member 27 is located above the upper long side of the rectangular base member 35, and the lower end 26b of the rectangular sheet member 27 is located below the rectangular base member 35. It is located below the long side of the side. When the lowermost rectangular sheet member 27 is constructed, the lower long side of the rectangular base member 35 coincides with the lower long side of the rectangular sheet member 27, and The sheet member 27 may protrude only above the long side on the upper side of the rectangular base member 35. In applying the rectangular sheet member 27 to the surface of the rectangular base member 35 in this manner, similarly to the above, a guide when attaching the mark portion 22 provided on the rectangular sheet member 27 to the base material 30. Can be As shown in FIG. 7, the adjacent position (boundary) 29 of the sheet members 27 arranged in the left-right direction may be shifted left and right from the support member 50 and the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 arranged in the left-right direction.

  By constructing the rectangular sheet member 27 upward from the lower tier, two protruding portions can be stacked forward (front side). The overlapping portion is formed as the thick portion 21 and is located in front of the adjacent portion 31 of the rectangular base member 35, so that fire resistance can be improved. Further, in the present embodiment, the short-side protruding portion of the rectangular base member 35 and the short-side protruding portion of the rectangular sheet member 27 are substantially matched in the front-rear direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The butted portion may be displaced in the left-right direction.

  In this manner, by making the sizes of the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 close to each other, it is possible to improve construction, packing, transportation, and the like. In the present embodiment, the case where the rectangular base member 35 is installed horizontally is described, but it may be installed vertically. In this case, the short side of the rectangular sheet member 27 has substantially the same size as the short side of the rectangular base member 35, and the long side is longer than the long side of the rectangular base member 35.

  In the above description, by providing the thick portion 21, the portion of the refractory material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portions 31, 32 of the base member 35 forms the high refractory portion 24 having higher fire resistance than other portions. Not limited to That is, the high refractory portion 24 only needs to have higher fire resistance in a part of the refractory material 20 than in other portions. Therefore, it is sufficient that the portion of the refractory material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 and 32 has, for example, a lower thermal conductivity than the other portions. A refractory material having a lower thermal conductivity than that of the portion may be provided, and a portion provided with the refractory material having a lower thermal conductivity may be formed as the high refractory portion 24. Alternatively, when the refractory material 20 is a foam sheet material, the portions of the refractory material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 and 32 may not be thicker than other portions. By configuring the ratio of the closed cells in the portion corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 and 32 to be higher than the ratio of the closed cells in the other portions, the portion of the refractory material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 and 32 is reduced. It can be formed as a high refractory part 24. Further, for example, the foaming ratio at a portion corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 and 32 of the refractory material 20 may be configured to be higher than the foaming ratio at other portions.

  After the refractory material 20 is attached to the entire surface of the base material 30, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached to the front side of the refractory material 20. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through and does not allow water droplets to pass through. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is also attached with a fixing tool such as a tucker. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached over the entire surface of the refractory material 20. A plurality of fasteners 80 are arranged on the front side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. The fastener 80 is arranged on the front surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 and is fixed to the support member 50 with a fastener 86 such as a screw.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the decorative material 10 is attached to the front of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 by a fastener 80. A plurality of makeup materials 10 are arranged, and each makeup material 10 is held by a plurality of fasteners 80. That is, the upper end of the decorative material 10 is hooked and held by the fastener 80 arranged above the decorative material 10, and the lower end of the decorative material 10 is hooked to the fastener 80 arranged below the decorative material 10. Held. The decorative materials 10 vertically adjacent to each other are connected by actual joining of the actual convex portions 102 and the actual concave portions 101. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, a joint material 81 is arranged between the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the left-right direction. A sealing material 83 is provided on the front side of the joint material 81. A drainer 84 is provided below the lowermost decorative material 10. A ventilation layer 85 is formed behind the decorative material 10. That is, the ventilation layer 85 is formed between the rear surface of the decorative material 10 and the front surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65.

  It is preferable that the joint of the adjacent decorative material 10 and the joint of the adjacent base member 35 are shifted so as not to overlap in a front view. That is, it is preferable that the position of the sealing material 83 between the decorative materials 10 adjacent in the left-right direction and the position of the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction be shifted so as not to overlap in a front view. In addition, it is preferable that the position of the adjacent portion 11 of the decorative material 10 adjacent in the vertical direction and the position of the adjacent portion 31 of the base member 35 adjacent in the vertical direction are shifted so as not to overlap in a front view. In this case, even if a flame enters the joint and the adjacent portion 11 of the adjacent decorative material 10 from the front, it is difficult for the flame to directly enter the joint and the adjacent portion 31 of the adjacent base member 35, thereby improving fire resistance. Can be done. However, when the joints of the decorative material 10 adjacent in the left-right direction and the joints of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction match the support material 50 in front view, both joints need not be shifted.

  In the fireproof structure 1 (outer wall structure 2) formed as described above, the fireproof material 20 is provided, so that when a fire occurs, the decorative material 10 is heated from the outdoor side, and the fireproof material 20 foams and expands. This expands in the ventilation layer 85. That is, the ventilation layer 85 is formed as a foaming space 88 in which the refractory material 20 foams and expands. In this way, the heat and flame barrier effect of the foamed and expanded refractory material 20 can reduce the invasion of flame and heat from outdoors to indoors, and therefore can improve fire resistance. At the same time, a space communicating vertically between the decorative material 10 and the base material 30 is not formed by the foamed and expanded refractory material 20, and heat moves in the vertical direction between the decorative material 10 and the base material 30. Can be suppressed. By providing the refractory material 20 behind the decorative material 10, the refractory material 20 does not need to have high weather resistance and water resistance, and can improve the fire resistance. Further, since the refractory material 20 is a thin material if there is no fire, it does not hinder the ventilation layer 85 under normal conditions, and the dimension of the refractory structure 1 in the front-rear direction (dimension from the decorative material 10 to the base material 30) is the It is hard to be bigger than that of Further, the provision of the heat insulating material 40 makes it difficult for heat to be transmitted to the rear (the indoor side) of the base material 30, thereby improving fire resistance.

(Embodiment 2)
The refractory structure 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 10 has a structure in which a filler 54 is provided on a support member 50. Hereinafter, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated. The configuration described in the second embodiment can be applied in appropriate combination with the configuration described in the first embodiment.

  The hollow portion 56 is closed by the filler 54 by filling the hollow portion 56, which is a space inside the support member 50, with the filler 54. That is, the vertical communication between the mounting portion 51 of the support member 50, the facing portion 52, the hollow portion 56 which is a space surrounded by the connecting portion 53 and the reinforcing portion 55 is closed by the filler 54. By filling and closing the hollow portion 56 of the support member 50 with the filler 54 in this manner, heat transfer through the hollow portion 56 is reduced, and fire resistance can be improved.

  The filler 54 can be formed by extending the heat insulating material 40. That is, the filler 54 is formed of a fibrous heat insulating material such as rock wool or glass wool made of the same material as the heat insulating material 40. In this case, the heat at the time of the occurrence of a fire is insulated by the filler 54 and becomes difficult to be transmitted, and the transmission of heat to the indoor side is reduced, so that the fire resistance can be improved. In addition, the filler 54 can also be constructed by a series of operations of attaching the heat insulating material 40 to the base material 30, and cost reduction can be achieved by using common members and simplifying the operation.

(Embodiment 3)
The fire-resistant structure 200 according to the present embodiment is different from the fire-resistant structure 1 according to the first or second embodiment in the configuration on the indoor side (indoor side) with respect to the base material 30. Hereinafter, the same components as those in the first or second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated. The configuration described in the third embodiment can be applied in appropriate combination with the configuration (including a modification) described in the first or second embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the fireproof structure 200 according to the present embodiment has an inner fireproof board 210, a metal support 220, an outer fireproof board 230, and a thermofoamable sheet from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The decorative material 260 is sequentially disposed via the foam 240 and the foaming space 250.

  Here, “indoor” and “outdoor” in the present embodiment correspond to “indoor” and “outdoor” in the first and second embodiments, respectively.

  The inner fire-resistant board 210 is equivalent to the “base member 35” in the first and second embodiments.

  The metal supporting member 220 includes a vertical supporting member 221, a runner 222, and an inner vertical supporting member (stud) 223. The vertical support member 221 is equivalent to the “support member 50” in the first and second embodiments, and is constructed similarly to the support member 50. In FIG. 13, a C-shaped steel is used. However, the invention is not limited to this, and a generally used steel such as a square steel pipe may be used.

  The runner 222 is located closer to the indoor side than the vertical support member 221. The runner 222 includes an upper runner (not shown) and a lower runner 225. The upper runner is located on the ceiling. The lower runner 225 is disposed on the floor. The upper runner is formed of a channel material (rail material) that opens downward and has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The lower runner 225 is formed of a channel material (rail material) that opens upward and has a substantially U-shaped cross section. Each runner 222 is formed to be long in the left-right direction (substantially horizontal direction) when the indoor side surface or the outdoor side surface of the fireproof structure 200 is viewed from the front. The upper runner may be fixed to the ceiling surface, or may be fixed to the vertical support 221. The lower runner may be fixed to the floor, or may be fixed to the vertical support 221.

  There are a plurality of inner vertical support members 223, and each of the inner vertical support members 223 is formed of a channel material (rail material) having a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens laterally. Each inner vertical support member 223 is formed to be long in the up-down direction (substantially vertical direction). Each inner vertical support member 223 has an end held by the runner 222. The upper end of each inner vertical support 223 is inserted and held in the upper runner. The lower end of each inner vertical support member 223 is inserted into and held by the lower runner 225. Note that the inner vertical support member 223 may have a substantially rectangular cross section.

  The outer fire-resistant board 230 is equivalent to the “base member 35” in the first and second embodiments, and is constructed in the same manner as the base member 35. The outer fire-resistant board 230 is preferably a gypsum board having a thickness of 15 mm or more.

  The thermally foamable sheet 240 is equivalent to the “sheet member 27” in the first and second embodiments, and is constructed in the same manner as the sheet member 27. Note that the size of the sheet member 27 may be slightly larger than the outer dimensions of the outer fire-resistant board 230 so that the vertical side and the horizontal side can be overlapped.

  The foaming space 250 is equivalent to the “foaming space 88” in the first and second embodiments, and is formed to be equivalent to the foaming space 88.

  The cosmetic material 260 is equivalent to the “cosmetic material 10” in the first and second embodiments, and is formed to be equivalent to the cosmetic material 10.

  The refractory structure 200 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the heat insulating material 40 on the indoor side (indoor side) with respect to the base material 30 is removed from the structures of the first and second embodiments, and the runner 222 and the inner support member 223 Is added. In other configurations, the fireproof structure 200 of the present embodiment is substantially equivalent to the fireproof structure 1 of the first and second embodiments.

  In the fireproof structure 200 of the present embodiment, a plurality of vertical support members 221 are provided on the upper side of the foundation 63 via the base 64. The plurality of vertical support members 221 are arranged one by one in the left-right direction at a predetermined interval. A plurality of outer fireproof boards 230 are attached to the front (outdoor side) of the plurality of vertical support members 221. The plurality of outer fire-resistant boards 230 are arranged side by side in the vertical and horizontal directions. The outer fire-resistant boards 230 vertically adjacent to each other are attached such that the lower end of the upper outer fire-resistant board 230 and the upper end of the lower outer fire-resistant board 230 abut. Further, the outer fire-resistant boards 230 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are attached such that the left end of the right outer fire-resistant board 230 and the right end of the left outer fire-resistant board 230 are protruded. Each outer refractory board 230 is fixed to the mounting portion 51 of the vertical support member 221 by a fixing tool such as a screw or a nail. The plurality of outer refractory boards 230 form a base material 30 similar to that shown in FIG.

  The outer side refractory boards 230 arranged in the left-right direction have the vertical sides 231 protruded from each other to form a vertical side protruding portion 234. It is desirable that the vertical side abutting portion 234 be located in front of the mounting portion 51 of the vertical support member 221. Thereby, even if the outer fire-resistant board 230 is deformed in the event of a fire and a gap is formed in the vertical side abutting portion 234, the fire-resistant performance can be prevented from being impaired because it is closed by the mounting portion 51. In addition, in this embodiment, although the rectangular outer refractory board 230 is constructed horizontally, it may be constructed vertically. A heat-foamable sheet 240 is arranged outside the fireproof board 230 fixed to the vertical support member 221 in the same manner as in the case shown in FIG. The thermally foamable sheets 240 are arranged side by side vertically and horizontally. The heat-foamable sheet 240 is fixed to the outer refractory board 230 by a fixing tool such as a tucker. Here, it is preferable that a mark portion similar to the mark portion 22 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 be provided on the surface of the thermally foamable sheet 240. This serves as a guide when attaching the heat-foamable sheet 240 to the outer fire-resistant board 230.

  At the positions corresponding to the lateral side abutting portions 233 of the upper and lower outer refractory boards 230, the lateral side ends 241 of the thermally foamable sheet 240 positioned above and below are overlapped. Thereby, the thick part 21 is formed. The dimension L1 of the thick portion 21 in the vertical direction (dimension of overlapping the side edge portions 241) L1 can be 90 mm or more. The thick portion 21 may be formed not only in a portion corresponding to an adjacent portion of the outer fire-resistant board 230 vertically adjacent to the portion, but also in a portion corresponding to a portion adjacent to the outer fire-resistant board 230 adjacent in the left-right direction. The thick portion 21 may be formed at a portion corresponding to a boundary (butting portion) between the outer refractory boards 230 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction as well as in the vertical direction.

  As in the case shown in FIG. 12, the long side of the rectangular outer refractory board 230 does not match the long side of the rectangular thermal foaming sheet 240, and the upper and lower sides of the rectangular thermal foaming sheet 240 Each of the long sides can extend substantially the same size up and down from the upper and lower long sides of the rectangular outer refractory board 230. In this case, the upper end of the rectangular heat-expandable sheet 240 is located above the upper long side of the rectangular outer fire-resistant board 230, and the lower end of the rectangular heat-expandable sheet 240 has the rectangular outer side. It is located below the lower long side of the fireproof board 230.

  When the lowermost rectangular thermal foamable sheet 240 is to be installed, the lower long side of the rectangular outer refractory board 230 coincides with the lower long side of the rectangular thermal foamable sheet 240. In this case, the rectangular heat-foamable sheet 240 may protrude only above the long side on the upper side of the rectangular outer refractory board 230. In addition, a base drainer 84 is disposed outside the lowermost heat-foamable sheet 240, and the lower end of the waterproof layer 270 is located outside the upper part of the base drainer 84. The waterproof layer 270 is disposed by fixing the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 271 to the outdoor side of the thermally foamable sheet 240 with a fixing tool such as a tucker.

  Although the short sides of the rectangular outer refractory board 230 and the short sides of the rectangular thermofoamable sheet 240 may substantially coincide with each other, the vertical side ends 242 of the thermofoamable sheets 240 adjacent in the left-right direction are connected to each other. They may be superimposed. In this case, the thick portion 21 is formed at a portion where the longitudinal side edges 242 of the thermally foamable sheet 240 overlap. The dimension L2 of the thick part 21 in the left-right direction (the dimension in which the vertical side ends 242 overlap each other) L2 can be 50 mm or more. Thereby, when foaming occurs at the time of fire or the like, a gap is hardly generated in the left and right foam layers, and the fire resistance can be improved.

  As described above, when the rectangular heat-foamable sheet 240 is applied to the surface of the rectangular outer fire-resistant board 230, the mark portion 22 provided on the rectangular heat-expandable sheet 240 is attached to the outer fire-resistant board 230. It can be used as a guide when attaching to 230. In addition, the adjacent position of the heat-foamable sheet 240 arranged in the left-right direction may be shifted left and right from the adjacent portion of the vertical support member 221 and the outer refractory board 230 arranged in the left-right direction.

  By constructing the rectangular heat-foamable sheet 240 upward from the bottom, two protruding portions can be stacked forward (front side). This overlapping portion is formed as the thick portion 21 and is located on the outdoor side adjacent to the rectangular outer fire-resistant board 230, so that fire resistance can be improved. Further, in the present embodiment, the short-side protruding portion of the rectangular outer refractory board 230 and the short-side protruding portion of the rectangular thermo-foamable sheet 240 are substantially aligned in the front-rear direction, but this is not restrictive. Alternatively, the respective abutting portions may be displaced in the left-right direction.

  In the above description, by providing the thick portion 21 in which the ends of the adjacent heat-foamable sheets 240 are overlapped with each other, a portion corresponding to the portion of the heat-foamable sheet 240 adjacent to the outer fire-resistant board 230 is more than other portions. Although the high refractory part 24 with high fire resistance is formed, it is not limited to this. The high refractory portion 24 only needs to have higher fire resistance in a part of the thermally foamable sheet 240 than in other parts. Therefore, the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the heat-foamable sheet 240 may have, for example, lower thermal conductivity than the other portions, and the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the heat-expandable sheet 240 may have a higher heat conductivity than the other portions. A portion provided with a refractory material having a low thermal conductivity may be formed as the high refractory portion 24. Alternatively, when the heat-foamable sheet 240 is a foam sheet material, a portion corresponding to an adjacent portion of the heat-foamable sheet 240 may not be thicker than other portions. Is configured such that the ratio of the closed cells at the portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the heat-expandable sheet 240 is higher than the ratio of the closed cells at the other portion. It can be formed as Further, for example, the foaming ratio at a portion corresponding to the adjacent portion of the thermofoamable sheet 240 may be configured to be higher than the foaming ratio at another portion.

  After attaching the heat-foamable sheet 240 to the base material 30 over the entire surface, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached to the outdoor side of the heat-foamable sheet 240 in the same manner as in FIG. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through and does not allow water droplets to pass through. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is also attached with a fixing tool such as a tucker. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 is attached over the entire surface of the plurality of heat-foamable sheets 240. A plurality of fasteners 80 are arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65. The fastener 80 is arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 and is fixed to the vertical support member 221 by a fastener 82 such as a screw.

  The cosmetic material 260 is attached to the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65 by the fastener 80. A plurality of decorative materials 260 are arranged, and each decorative material 260 is held by a plurality of fasteners 80. The upper end of the decorative material 260 is hooked and held by a fastener 80 disposed above the decorative material 260, and the lower end of the decorative material 260 is hooked by the fastener 80 disposed below the decorative material 260. Will be retained. Further, the vertically adjacent decorative materials 260 are connected by actual joining of the actual convex portions and the actual concave portions. As in the case shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, joint material 81 is arranged between decorative materials 260 adjacent in the left-right direction. A sealing material 83 is provided on the outdoor side of the joint material 81. A drainer 84 is provided below the lowermost decorative material 260. A ventilation layer 85 is formed on the indoor side of the decorative material 260. A ventilation layer 85 is formed between the rear surface (the indoor side surface) of the cosmetic material 260 and the front surface (the outdoor side surface) of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 65.

  It is preferable that the position of the adjacent portion of the decorative material 260 adjacent in the vertical direction and the position of the adjacent portion of the outer refractory board 230 adjacent in the vertical direction be shifted so as not to overlap in a front view. Further, it is preferable that the joint of the adjacent decorative material 260 and the joint of the adjacent outer refractory board 230 are shifted so as not to overlap in a front view. That is, it is preferable that the position of the sealing material 83 between the decorative materials 260 adjacent in the left-right direction and the position of the adjacent portion of the outer refractory board 230 adjacent in the left-right direction be shifted so as not to overlap in a front view. In this case, even if a flame enters the joint and the adjacent portion of the adjacent decorative material 260 from the outdoor side, it is difficult for the flame to directly enter the joint and the adjacent portion of the adjacent outer fire-resistant board 230, thereby improving the fire resistance. Can be done. In addition, it is preferable that the joint of the decorative material 260 adjacent in the left-right direction and the vertical side abutting portion of the outer refractory board 230 adjacent in the left-right direction match the vertical support member 221 in a front view. The vertical side butting portion may be made to coincide with the same vertical supporting member 221, or the joint and the vertical side butting portion may be made to coincide with different vertical supporting members 221.

  A runner 222 and a plurality of inner vertical support members 223 are arranged on the indoor side of the vertical support members 221. Of the runners 222, the upper runner is arranged on the ceiling surface, and the lower runner 225 is arranged on the floor surface. The upper end of each inner vertical support 223 is inserted and held in the upper runner. The lower end of each inner vertical support member 223 is inserted into and held by the lower runner 225. Then, the plurality of inner refractory boards 210 are fixed to at least one of the runner 222 and the plurality of inner vertical support members 223 with fixing members 224 such as screws or nails. The plurality of inner refractory boards 210 are arranged side by side in the vertical and horizontal directions. The inner refractory boards 210 adjacent to each other in the up-down direction and the left-right direction are arranged with their ends protruding. The upper runner may be fixed to the ceiling surface, or may be fixed to the vertical support 221. The lower runner may be fixed to the floor, or may be fixed to the vertical support 221.

  In the fireproof structure 200 formed as described above, the same effects as in the first and second embodiments can be obtained. That is, in the fire-resistant structure 200, by providing the heat-foamable sheet 240, when a fire occurs, the decorative material 260 is heated from the outdoor side, and the heat-foamable sheet 240 expands and expands, thereby forming the ventilation layer 85. A foam layer is formed within. The ventilation layer 85 is used as a foaming space 250 in which the thermofoamable sheet 240 foams and expands. This makes it possible to reduce the invasion of flames and heat from the outdoors to the indoors by the heat-shielding effect and the flame-shielding effect of the foamed and expanded thermofoamable sheet 240, and thus to improve the fire resistance. At the same time, a space communicating vertically between the decorative material 260 and the outer fire-resistant board 230 is not formed by the foamed and expanded thermo-foamable sheet 240, and heat is transferred between the decorative material 260 and the outer fire-resistant board 230 in the vertical direction. Can be suppressed. Further, by providing the heat-foamable sheet 240 behind the decorative material 260, high weather resistance and water resistance are not required for the heat-foamable sheet 240, and fire resistance can be improved. The heat-foamable sheet 240 is a thin material if there is no fire, so that it does not hinder the ventilation layer 85 under normal conditions. Is less likely to be larger than conventional ones. Further, since the heat-foamable sheet 240 is relatively lighter than the outer fire-resistant board 230, the load at the time of construction can be reduced. Further, in the fire-resistant structure 200, by providing the heat-foamable sheet 240, when a fire occurs, the inside of the inner fire-resistant board 210 is heated from the indoor side, and the heat-foamable sheet 240 expands and expands. A foam layer is formed in 85. This makes it possible to reduce the emission of flame and heat from indoors to outdoors due to the heat-shielding effect and the flame-shielding effect of the foamed and expanded thermofoamable sheet 240, and therefore to improve fire resistance. it can.

  Although the third embodiment has been described as a structure that does not use the heat insulator 40, the heat insulator 40 may be provided as in the first or second embodiment as needed.

(Modification)
Embodiments 1 to 3 are only one of various embodiments of the present disclosure. Various changes can be made to the first to third embodiments according to the design and the like as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved.

(1) Fireproof Structure Although the outer wall structure has been described above as the fireproof structure 1 of the first to third embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this. The fireproof structure 1 is applicable to, for example, an inner wall structure, a roof structure, a ceiling structure, and the like. In the case of the inner wall structure, the decorative material 10 becomes an inner wall material such as plywood. In the case of a roof structure, the decorative material 10 is a roof material. In the case of a ceiling structure, the decorative material 10 becomes a ceiling plate.

  In the first and second embodiments, the heat insulating material 40 is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat insulating material 40 may not be provided. In the third embodiment, the heat insulating material 40 is not provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat insulating material 40 may be provided.

  Further, in the first to third embodiments, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the adjacent portion 32 in the left-right direction of the base member 35 coincides with the support member 50, but is not limited thereto. It does not need to match the support material 50. In this case, a portion of the refractory material 20 corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 may be formed thicker than other portions of the refractory material 20.

  In the first to third embodiments, the decorative material 10 has the “horizontal stretching” structure provided so that the longitudinal direction is horizontal. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be a “vertical stretched” structure provided in such a manner. In addition, when the said embodiment is a roof structure, a decorative material may be a roofing material and may be any of a horizontal roofing structure and a vertical roofing structure.

  In the first to third embodiments, the refractory material 20 is formed by applying the plurality of base members 35 to form the base material 30 and then applying the plurality of sheet members 27. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The member 35 and the sheet member 27 may be integrated (before application) in advance to form the base member 36 with a sheet, and then a plurality of base members 36 with a sheet may be applied.

  11A and 11B show an example of the base member 36 with a sheet. In the base member 36 with a sheet, a horizontally long rectangular sheet member 27 similar to the above is provided on one surface (front surface) of a horizontally long rectangular base member 35 similar to the above. The left and right dimensions of the base member 35 and the left and right dimensions of the sheet member 27 are the same, and when viewed from the front, the left end of the base member 35 and the left end of the sheet member 27 match, and the right end of the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 corresponds to the right end. The vertical dimension of the sheet member 27 is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the base member 35. The tip of the upper end 26 a of the sheet member 27 protrudes above the upper end surface of the base member 35. The tip of the lower end 26 b of the sheet member 27 projects below the lower end surface of the base member 35. Although the surface of the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 are adhered over substantially the entire surface, as shown in FIG. 11A, the lower part of the surface of the base member 35 and the lower end 26b of the sheet member 27 are formed to be peelable. ing.

  The base material 30 and the refractory material 20 similar to the above are formed by arranging a plurality of base members 36 with sheets in the vertical and horizontal directions and attaching them to the support member 50 as shown in FIG. 11C. That is, the base material 30 is formed by the plurality of base members 35, and the refractory material 20 is formed by the plurality of sheet members 27. The thick portion 21 of the refractory material 20 is formed corresponding to the adjacent portion 31 of the base member 35 which is vertically adjacent. The thick portion 21 is formed by overlapping the upper end 26a of the sheet member 27 of the lower base member 36 with a sheet and the lower end 26b of the sheet member 27 of the upper base member 36 with a sheet. That is, after the upper end of the lower base member 35 and the lower end of the upper base member 35 are abutted, the lower end 26b of the upper sheet member 27 is separated from the surface of the upper base member 35, and Then, the upper end 26a of the lower sheet member 27 is inserted between the lower part of the upper base member 35 and the lower end 26b of the upper sheet member 27. Thereafter, the lower end 26b of the upper sheet member 27 is overlapped with the upper end 26a of the lower sheet member 27. Thus, the thick portion 21 is formed by the overlap between the upper end portion 26a and the lower end portion 26b of the two sheet members 27. In a portion corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction, the side ends of the sheet members 27 adjacent in the left-right direction are adjacent to each other.

  FIG. 12A shows another example of the base member 36 with a sheet. 11A and 11B, the sheet member 27 is shifted to one side in the left-right direction with respect to the base member 35. That is, for example, the right end of the sheet member 27 protrudes laterally (outside) from the right end surface of the base member 35 as the covering portion 28. Therefore, the left end of the surface of the base member 35 is formed as a covering portion 37 not covered with the sheet member 27. Conversely, the left end of the sheet member 27 protrudes laterally (outside) from the left end surface of the base member 35 as a cover portion 28, and the right end of the surface of the base member 35 is not covered with the sheet member 27. It may be formed as the part 37.

  As shown in FIG. 12B, such base members 36 with sheets are constructed by arranging them in the up-down direction and the left-right direction and attaching them to the support member 50 in the same manner as described above. Then, in the same manner as described above, the upper end 26a of the sheet member 27 of the lower base member 36 with a sheet and the lower end 26b of the sheet member 27 of the upper base member 36 with a sheet overlap with each other so as to be vertically adjacent. The thick portion 21 of the refractory material 20 is formed corresponding to the adjacent portion 31 of the base member 35 to be formed.

  Also, the sheet-attached base member 36 adjacent in the left-right direction is constructed such that the side ends of the base member 35 are abutted against each other, and at this time, one base member 35 has the side end from which the cover 28 protrudes. And the other base member 35 is a side end on the side of the covering portion 37. Then, after the side end portions of the base member 35 are abutted against each other, the cover 28 of the base member 36 with one sheet is disposed on the surface of the cover 37 of the base member 36 with the other sheet. In this case, the adjacent position (boundary) 29 of the sheet member 27 adjacent in the left-right direction does not coincide with the adjacent portion 32 in a front view, and both are shifted in the left-right direction. Therefore, a portion corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent in the left-right direction is covered by the cover portion 28 of the sheet member 27, so that flames and heat hardly enter through gaps between the adjacent portions 32.

  When the base member 36 with a sheet is used, the base member 35 and the sheet member 27 can be simultaneously constructed by one operation, and the workability is improved. Further, there is no need to separately pack and transport the base member 35 and the sheet member 27, and the workability is improved.

(2) Fireproof Material In the first to third embodiments, the fireproof material 20 is formed by a plurality of sheet members 27, but the fireproof material 20 may be formed by one sheet member 27.

  The sheet member 27 has not only the mark portion 22 formed linearly long in the left and right direction so as to indicate the horizontal position, but also the mark portion formed linearly long in the up and down direction so as to indicate the vertical position. May be provided.

  Further, the sheet member 27 may include the thick portion 21 at a position corresponding to the adjacent portion 32 of the base member 35 adjacent to the left and right.

  In addition, the refractory material 20 can be formed by a coating film. In this case, a paint that becomes the refractory material 20 can be applied to the front surface of the base material 30 and dried and cured. Further, portions of the coating film corresponding to the adjacent portions 31 and 32 of the base material 30 may be formed thicker than other portions.

  The refractory material 20 of the coating film is preferably formed of, for example, a foamed refractory paint containing a synthetic resin emulsion, a polyhydric alcohol, a nitrogen-containing blowing agent, and a flame-retardant blowing agent.

  Examples of the synthetic resin used in the synthetic resin emulsion include, for example, melamine resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyolefin-vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, and the like. Can be

  Examples of polyhydric alcohols include, for example, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, polypentaerythritol, triethylene glycol, sorbitol, resorcinol, glycerin, trimethylolmethane, trimethylolpropane, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, etc. Can be used.

  As the nitrogen-containing blowing agent, dicyandiamide, azodicarbonamide, melamine and its derivatives, urea, guanidine, trimethylolmelamine, hexamethylolmelamine and the like can be used.

  As the flame-retardant foaming agent, it is preferable to use ammonium phosphate and / or ammonium polyphosphate whose decomposition temperature is within the range of the decomposition temperature of the polyhydric alcohol.

  The compounding ratio of the synthetic resin emulsion, the polyhydric alcohol, the nitrogen-containing blowing agent, and the flame-retardant blowing agent is such that when the compounding amount of the polyhydric alcohol is 100 parts by mass, the nonvolatile content of the synthetic resin emulsion is 200 parts by mass or more It is preferable that the content is 500 parts by mass or less, the nitrogen-containing blowing agent is 80 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, and the flame retardant blowing agent is 280 parts by mass or more and 450 parts by mass or less. The thickness of the refractory material 20 of the coating film after drying and curing is preferably in the range of 0.3 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

(3) Support Material The support material 50 may be a vertical waist edge that is long in the up-down direction or a horizontal waist edge that is long in the left-right direction.

(Summary)
The fireproof structure (1) according to the first aspect includes a decorative material (10), a plurality of base members (35), and a fireproof material provided on the decorative material (10) side of the base members (35). (20). Among the plurality of base members (35), the adjacent base members (35) have ends adjacent to each other. The refractory material (20) has a high refractory part (24) with higher fire resistance than other parts in a part thereof. The high refractory portion (24) is arranged at a position corresponding to at least a part of the adjacent portion (31) between the ends of the base member (35).

  In this aspect, it is easy to reduce the invasion of flame or heat from the outdoor side to the indoor side through the adjacent portion (31) by the high fireproof portion (24), and the fire resistance can be improved.

  In a refractory structure (1) according to a second aspect, in the first aspect, the refractory material (20) has foamability. A foaming space (88) is formed between the decorative material (10) and the base member (35).

  In this aspect, the refractory material (20) is easily foamed in the foaming space (88), and it is easy to reduce the transmission of heat by the refractory material (20) when a fire occurs.

  A fire-resistant structure (1) according to a third aspect is the fire-resistant material (20) according to the first or second aspect, wherein the refractory material (20) is constituted by a sheet member (27). The high refractory part (24) is a thick part (21) on which the sheet members (27) are overlapped.

  According to this aspect, the thick portion (21) having high fire resistance can be formed only by overlapping the sheet members (27), and the fire resistance can be improved by a simple operation.

  In the fire-resistant structure (1) according to the fourth aspect, in the third aspect, the sheet member (27) is formed larger than the base member (35) in a front view. The plurality of sheet members (27) can be constructed by overlapping each end (26).

  According to this aspect, the boundary between the adjacent base members (35) can be covered with the ends (26) of the sheet members (27), and the ends (26) of the plurality of sheet members (27) can be connected to each other. By stacking, it is difficult for the flame or heat generated at the time of fire to pass through the gap generated at the boundary, and the fire resistance performance can be improved.

  In the fireproof structure (1) according to the fifth aspect, in the third or fourth aspect, the thick portion (21) is formed by overlapping the end portions (26) of adjacent sheet members (27). .

  According to this aspect, the thick portion (21) can be formed only by overlapping the end portions (26) of the adjacent sheet members (27), and the fire resistance can be improved by a simple operation. .

  In the fire-resistant structure (1) according to the sixth aspect, in the third or fourth aspect, the thick portion (21) is formed by folding a sheet member (27).

  According to this aspect, the thick portion (21) can be formed only by folding and overlapping the sheet members (27), and the fire resistance can be improved by a simple operation.

  In the fire-resistant structure (1) according to the seventh aspect, in any one of the third to sixth aspects, the sheet member (27) has a mark portion (22) serving as a guide for the position of the adjacent portion (31). .

  According to this aspect, the sheet member (27) can be disposed with the mark part (22) as a guide, and the positioning of the sheet member (27) can be easily performed.

  In a refractory structure (1) according to an eighth aspect, in the seventh aspect, the mark portion (22) is formed in a linear shape arranged along the longitudinal direction of the adjacent portion (31).

  According to this aspect, the sheet member (27) can be arranged along the adjacent portion (31) using the linear mark portion (22) as a guide, and the positioning of the sheet member (27) can be easily performed. Can be.

  A fireproof structure (1) according to a ninth aspect is the fireproof structure (1) according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, further including a heat insulating material (40) on a side of the base member (35) opposite to the fireproof material (20).

  In this aspect, in addition to the heat transfer at the time of fire occurrence being reduced by the refractory material (20), the heat transfer at the time of fire occurrence can also be reduced by the heat insulating material (40), so that the construction can be performed easily. The fireproof performance can be improved by using a suitable heat insulating material (40).

  The fireproof structure (200) according to the tenth aspect includes an inner fireproof board (210), a metal support (220), an outer fireproof board (230), and a thermally foamable sheet (from the indoor side to the outdoor side). 240) and the decorative material (260) is sequentially arranged via the foaming space (250). The vertical sides (231) of the outer refractory board (230) adjacent in the left-right direction are abutted against each other and fixed to the outdoor side of the vertical support (221) as the support (220). The lateral sides (232) of the outer refractory boards (230) vertically adjacent to each other are abutted to form a lateral side abutting part (233). The side edges (241) of the thermally foamable sheets (240) positioned above and below are overlapped with each other at positions corresponding to the side projections (233).

  In this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the flame or heat from entering the room from the outdoor side to the room side or to release the flame or heat from the room side to the room outside through the lateral side abutting portion (233). It becomes easy to reduce by overlapping the side edges (241), and the fire resistance can be improved. That is, when foaming occurs in a fire or the like, the vicinity of the lateral side abutting portion (233) is firmly protected by the foamed layer.

  In the fire-resistant structure (200) according to the eleventh aspect, in the tenth aspect, the longitudinal edges (242) of the thermally foamable sheets (240) located on the left and right are overlapped with each other.

  According to this aspect, a high fire resistance portion can be formed only by the longitudinal side edges (242) of the thermally foamable sheets (240) located on the left and right, and the fire resistance can be improved by a simple operation. Can be. Further, when foaming occurs in a fire or the like, a gap is hardly generated in the left and right foam layers, and fire resistance can be improved.

  A fireproof structure (200) according to a twelfth aspect is the fireproof structure (200) according to the tenth or eleventh aspect, further comprising a waterproof layer (270) on at least one surface side of the thermally foamable sheet (240).

  According to this aspect, the waterproof layer (270) can reduce the contact of water with the heat-foamable sheet (240), and can reduce the deterioration of the heat-foamable sheet (240) due to water. In addition, it is not necessary to separately provide a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, and the workability can be improved.

  The fireproof structure (200) according to a thirteenth aspect is the runner (222) according to any one of the tenth to twelfth aspects, wherein the support member (220) is located closer to the indoor side than the vertical support member (221). And an inner vertical support member (223) whose end is held by the runner (222). Secure the inner refractory board (210) to the inner longitudinal support (223).

  According to this aspect, the inner fire-resistant board (210) can be fixed to the inner vertical support (223) different from the vertical support (221), and the installation of the inner fire-resistant board (210) can be performed by the vertical support (210). 221) can be performed independently and independently of the construction outside the room. The refractory structure (200) according to the fourteenth aspect is configured such that the metal support member (220) includes a vertical support member (221), and a runner (222) located closer to the indoor side than the vertical support member (221). An inner vertical support member (223) whose end is held by the runner (222). The runners (222) and the inner vertical support members (223) are formed by abutting the vertical sides and the horizontal sides of the inner refractory board (210) adjacent in the left-right direction and the vertical direction on the indoor side of the inner vertical support members (223). Fixedly disposed on at least one of the above. The vertical sides (231) of the outer refractory boards (230) adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are abutted on the outdoor side of the vertical support (221), and are fixed to the vertical support (221). The lateral sides (232) of the outer refractory boards (230) vertically adjacent to each other are abutted against each other to form a lateral side abutting part (233). On the outdoor side of the outer fire-resistant board (230), the side edges (241) of the thermally foamable sheet (240) positioned above and below are overlapped and arranged at a position corresponding to the side edge abutting portion (233). . The longitudinal edges (242) of the thermofoamable sheets (240) located on the left and right sides are arranged so as to overlap each other. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (271) is arranged outside the heat-foamable sheet (240). A fastener (80) fixed to the vertical support (221) is arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (271). A cosmetic material (260) is attached to the fastener (80), and a foaming space (250) is provided between the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (271) and the cosmetic material (260).

  In this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the flame or heat from entering the room from the outdoor side to the room side or to release the flame or heat from the room side to the room outside through the lateral side abutting portion (233). When the side edges (241) are overlapped with each other, the reduction can be easily achieved, and the fire resistance can be improved. Can provide better protection. Furthermore, a portion having high fire resistance can be formed only by the longitudinal end portions (242) of the thermally foamable sheets (240) located on the left and right, and the fire resistance can be improved by a simple operation. Yes, even if the thermally foamable sheet (240) is pulled due to deformation of the vertical support member (221) or the like in a fire or the like, it is difficult to form a gap between the left and right foam layers when foaming, thereby improving fire resistance. Can be. Furthermore, the inner refractory board (210) can be fixed to the inner vertical support member (223) different from the vertical support member (221). ) Can be performed independently of the outside construction. In addition, a moisture-proof sheet (not shown) may be interposed between the inner support member (223) and the inner refractory board (210). In particular, when the heat insulating material (40) is provided, the indoor side Moisture can be suppressed from migrating to the heat insulating material (40).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fireproof structure 10 Decorative material 20 Fireproof material 21 Thick part 24 High fireproof part 22 Mark part 26 End part 27 Sheet member 31 Adjacent part 35 Base member 40 Thermal insulation 88 Foaming space 200 Fireproof structure 210 Inner fireproof board 220 Supporting material 221 Vertical Supporting material 222 Runner 223 Inner supporting material 230 Outer fireproof board 231 Vertical side 232 Horizontal side 233 Horizontal side abutting part 240 Thermal foaming sheet 241 Horizontal side end 242 Vertical side end 250 Foaming space 260 Cosmetic material 270 Waterproof layer 271 Transparent Wet waterproof sheet

Claims (14)

A decorative material, a plurality of base members, and a refractory material provided on the decorative material side of the plurality of base members,
Among the plurality of base members, adjacent base members have end portions adjacent to each other,
The refractory material has a high refractory portion with higher fire resistance than other portions in a part thereof,
The fire resistant structure, wherein the high fire resistant portion is disposed at a position corresponding to at least a part of an adjacent portion between the ends of the base member. In claim 1,
The refractory has foaming properties,
A fire-resistant structure in which a foaming space is formed between the decorative material and the base member. In claim 1 or 2,
The refractory material is configured by a sheet member,
The fireproof structure in which the high fireproof portion is a thick portion formed by stacking the sheet members. In claim 3,
In a front view, the sheet member is formed larger than the base member,
A fire-resistant structure in which the plurality of sheet members can be constructed by overlapping each end. In claim 3 or 4,
The fireproof structure in which the thick portion is formed by overlapping the ends of the adjacent sheet members. In claim 3 or 4,
The fireproof structure in which the thick portion is formed by folding the sheet members. In any one of claims 3 to 6,
The fire-resistant structure, wherein the sheet member has a mark portion as a guide of the position of the adjacent portion. In claim 7,
The refractory structure, wherein the mark portion is formed in a linear shape arranged along the adjacent portion. In any one of claims 1 to 8,
A fireproof structure further comprising a heat insulating material on the opposite side of the base member from the fireproof material. From the indoor side to the outdoor side, the inner fire-resistant board, the metal support material, the outer fire-resistant board, the thermofoamable sheet, and the cosmetic material are sequentially arranged via the foaming space,
The outer sides of the outer refractory boards adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are abutted against each other and fixed to the outdoor side of the vertical support material as the support material,
A horizontal side abutting portion is formed by abutting the horizontal sides of the outer refractory boards adjacent to each other in the vertical direction,
A fire-resistant structure in which the side edges of the thermally foamable sheet positioned above and below are overlapped with each other at positions corresponding to the lateral side abutting portions. In claim 10,
A fire-resistant structure in which the longitudinal edges of the thermally foamable sheets located on the left and right are overlapped with each other. In claim 10 or 11,
A fireproof structure comprising a waterproof layer on at least one side of the thermally foamable sheet. In any one of claims 10 to 12,
The support member further includes a runner located closer to the indoor side than the vertical support member, and an inner vertical support member having an end held by the runner.
A fire-resistant structure for fixing the inner fire-resistant board to the inner vertical support. A metal support member includes a vertical support member, a runner positioned closer to the indoor side than the vertical support member, and an inner vertical support member having an end held by the runner.
On the indoor side of the inner vertical support member, the vertical sides and the horizontal sides of the inner refractory board adjacent to each other in the left-right direction and the vertical direction are protruded and fixed to at least one of the runner and the inner vertical support member. And
On the outdoor side of the vertical support member, the vertical sides of the outer fire-resistant boards adjacent in the left-right direction are projected and fixed to the vertical support member and arranged, and the horizontal sides of the outer fire-resistant boards adjacent in the vertical direction are connected to each other. Butt to form a side butt,
On the outdoor side of the outer refractory board, the side edges of the thermally foamable sheet located vertically are overlapped and arranged at a position corresponding to the lateral side abutting portion, and the thermally foamable sheets located on the left and right sides are arranged. The edges of the vertical sides of
On the outdoor side of the heat-foamable sheet, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is arranged,
On the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, a fastener fixed to the vertical support member is arranged,
A fireproof structure comprising a decorative material attached to the fastener and a foamed space between the moisture permeable waterproof sheet and the decorative material.

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