JP7042507B2 - 経腸栄養補給デバイスおよび関連する使用の方法 - Google Patents
経腸栄養補給デバイスおよび関連する使用の方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7042507B2 JP7042507B2 JP2019161877A JP2019161877A JP7042507B2 JP 7042507 B2 JP7042507 B2 JP 7042507B2 JP 2019161877 A JP2019161877 A JP 2019161877A JP 2019161877 A JP2019161877 A JP 2019161877A JP 7042507 B2 JP7042507 B2 JP 7042507B2
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Description
本出願は、2015年10月14日に出願された米国仮出願第62/241,608号および2016年10月12日に出願された米国出願第15/291,530号からの優先権の利益を主張し、これらの各々の全体が、本明細書において参考として援用される。
本開示の実施形態は、栄養調合物を加工するためのデバイスおよび方法を対象とし、より詳細には、摂取のために栄養調合物中の脂肪を遊離脂肪酸とモノグリセリドとに加水分解するためのデバイスおよび方法を対象とする。
したがって、栄養を必要としている人にLC-PUFAなどの容易に吸収可能な脂肪(遊離脂肪酸およびモノグリセリド)を送達するための、デバイスおよび方法の必要性が存在する。さらに、胃腸管に直接、モノグリセリドおよび遊離脂肪酸の形をとる吸収可能な脂肪が送達されるように、長鎖トリグリセリドを効率的に加水分解することが可能なデバイスおよび方法の必要性が存在する。本明細書に記述される本開示の実施形態は、現在利用可能な治療の選択肢の制限の1つまたは複数を克服すること、および食餌脂肪、例えばLC-PUFAを適切に加水分解する能力が損なわれた人々のクオリティオブライフを改善することを目標とする。
710を付着するための、安定な、永続的または半永続的は、不可逆的な、および/または共有状態の結合を指す。
吸着を使用した、および共有結合を使用した、例示的粒子300への例示的リパーゼ710の固定の比較
例示的粒子300に付着した例示的リパーゼ710の合計6つの試験試料を調製した。本明細書においてA1、A2、およびA3と呼ばれる3つの試験試料は、粒子300への例示的リパーゼ710の吸着により調製し、一方、本明細書においてC1、C2、およびC3と呼ばれる他の3つの試験試料は、粒子300への例示的リパーゼ710の共有結合的付着により調製した。試料A1、A2、およびA3用の例示的粒子300は、反応基を有さないスチレン(A1、A2)またはメタクリレート(A3)ポリマーから形成した。試料C1、C2、およびC3用の例示的粒子300は、共有結合のための反応(エポキシ)基を有するメタクリレートポリマーから形成した。6つの試験試料は全て、粒子300のグラム当たり125mgのリパーゼ710で調製した。試料C1、C2、およびC3における粒子300へのリパーゼ710の共有結合的付着は、リパーゼ710を、粒子300の表面上のエポキシ基に共有結合させることにより達成された。粒子300の直径は、220μmから500μmの範囲であり、粒子300は、PEGでコーティングされた。3種類のアッセイを行って、6つの試験試料を評価し、共有結合を使用した場合に対して、吸着を使用した場合の粒子300へのリパーゼ710の固定を比較した。
頁(1994年)を参照されたい。共有結合に好適な支持体は、例えば、Immobead(商標)(ChiralVision)を含み得る。
fluorescens、Burkholderia cepacia、およびRhizopus oryzaeにより産生されるリパーゼは、他のリパーゼ、例えばCandida rugosa、Rhizomucor miehei、Penicilium camemberti、Aspergillus niger、およびAspergillis oryzaeにより産生されるリパーゼよりも、DHA、EPA、およびARAに対する大きな特異性を有することが決定されている。したがって、リパーゼ710は、Chromobacterium viscosumリパーゼ、Pseudomonas
fluorescensリパーゼ、Burkholderia cepaciaリパーゼ、および/またはRhizopus oryzaeリパーゼの少なくとも1つから選択される微生物リパーゼであってもよい。一部の実施形態では、リパーゼ710は、Chromobacterium viscosumリパーゼ、Pseudomonas fluorescensリパーゼ、またはRhizopus oryzaeリパーゼである。一部の実施形態では、リパーゼ710は、Rhizopus oryzaeリパーゼである。一部の実施形態では、リパーゼ710は、Chromobacterium viscosumリパーゼ、Pseudomonas fluorescensリパーゼ、またはRhizopus oryzaeリパーゼの1つまたは複数の比活性度と同等の、DHA、EPA、および/またはARAを有するトリグリセリドに対する比活性度を有する。
oryzaeリパーゼ、Thermomyces lanuginosusリパーゼ、Pseudomonas fluorescensリパーゼ、Bacillus subtilisリパーゼ、Candida rugosaリパーゼ、Mucor javanicusリパーゼ、Lecitase、Rhizopus niveusリパーゼ、Rhizomucor mieheiリパーゼ、Aspergillus nigerリパーゼ、Penicillium camembertiリパーゼ、Burkholderia cepaciaリパーゼ、Aspergillus oryzaeリパーゼ、Pseudomonas stutzeriリパーゼ、Alcaligenes spp.リパーゼ、Candida antarcticaリパーゼ、Hansenula polymorphaリパーゼ、Humicola insolensリパーゼ、Thermomyces langunosaホスホリパーゼ、レシチナーゼホスホリパーゼ、または上記の属のいずれかに含まれる任意の組み換え種からのリパーゼもしくはホスホリパーゼ、または任意の好適なリパーゼもしくはホスホリパーゼ、またはそれらの組合せの少なくとも1つから選択され得る。
(実施例2)
例示的デバイス200を通る栄養調合物110の分布した流動
(実施例3)
異なる向きでの例示的デバイス200を通る例示的栄養調合物110の流量の比較
(実施例4)
例示的デバイス200を通る栄養調合物110の流量に対する例示的フィルタ材料の効果の評価
X-4906 PEまたはPorex POR-4744 Hydrophilic PE)を選択した。2種類の多孔質プラスチック材料のそれぞれは、カスタマイズ可能なポリエチレン(PE)シートであり、0.125”の厚さを有し、90μmから130μmの範囲の多孔性を有していた。Applied Separationsからの別の多孔性プラスチック材料を最初に考慮した。この材料は、20μmから70μmの範囲の多孔性および0.062”の厚さを有する親水性PEシートであった。より厚い材料のより高い剛性にある程度起因して、Porex Corporationからの2種類の多孔質プラスチック材料(Porex X-4906 PEまたはPorex POR-4744 Hydrophilic PE)のみを、入口フィルタ250および出口フィルタ260としての使用のために試験した。
Adjustable Columnに取り付けた。異なるカラムを通る栄養調合物110、Peptamen AF(登録商標)の流量に対する各多孔質材料の効果を評価した。この評価に基づいて、メッシュ材料を選択し、次いで、栄養調合物110の流量に対する粒子300の密度およびチャンバ222の直径の効果を評価した。
(実施例5)
例示的デバイス200を通る栄養調合物110の流量に対する、チャンバ222の例示的直径および粒子300の量の効果の評価
(実施例6)
栄養調合物110の流量に対する例示的デバイス200の効果の評価
(実施例7)
例示的デバイス200を通って流動する栄養調合物110の流量の安定性
(実施例8)
例示的デバイス200により試験された経腸調合物のランドスケープ
(実施例9)
例示的デバイス200を通過した、またはデバイス200を通過しなかった栄養調合物の比較分析
卒中、パーキンソン病、統合失調症、糖尿病、多発性硬化症、ならびに慢性炎症性疾患、例えば関節リウマチ、全身性エリテマトーデス、および炎症性大腸炎を含む、1つまたは複数の疾患を有する患者における、加水分解された脂肪酸の摂取を増加させるために使用され得る。一部の実施形態では、システム100およびデバイス200は、口から栄養を得ることができない、安全に嚥下することができない、または別様に栄養補助を必要とする患者への栄養補給に使用され得る。一部の実施形態では、システム100およびデバイス200は、非経口栄養の必要性を低減するために使用され得る。経腸栄養は、感染症の発生、望ましくない免疫反応、および/または胃腸管の退化の危険性を低減するため、可能な場合には経腸栄養の使用が好ましくなり得る。一部の実施形態では、システム100およびデバイス200は、未熟状態、発育障害、栄養不足、神経および神経筋障害、嚥下困難、口および食道の解剖学的および術後の変形、がん、消化および/または代謝障害を有する患者への栄養補給に使用され得る。一部の実施形態では、システム100およびデバイス200は、患者に脂肪栄養を提供することにより、がん等の他の疾患の治療を改善および/または支援するために使用され得る。
システム100およびデバイス200の追加の例
(実施例10)
実質的に安定した加水分解効率を示す、例示的デバイス200を使用した経腸調合物脂肪のin vitro加水分解
(実施例11)
ブタ由来膵酵素カプセル(PERTカプセル)との、例示的デバイス200のex vivo加水分解効率の比較
(実施例12)
例示的デバイス200を使用した、異なる体積の栄養調合物中の脂肪の加水分解
(実施例13)
全膵機能不全を有する幼若ブタにおける長鎖多価不飽和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)の消化に対する、粒子300に付着したリパーゼ710の有効性の試験
13.1 試験デザインおよび手順:
13.1.1 処置前期間(7~10日)
13.1.2 適応期間(14日)
13.1.3 処置期間(6週間)
1)対照EPI群(EPI):6匹のEPIブタに、強化された非加水分解調合物を栄養補給した。
2)iRO群(EPI+iRO):7匹のEPIブタに、iROで事前に加水分解された調合物を栄養補給した。
3)健康対照群(健康):同じ年齢および種の6匹の健康なブタに、強化された調合物のみを栄養補給した。
13.2 結果
13.2.1 便重量、外観、および全脂肪含量に対するPND摂取の効果
13.2.2 血中脂質プロファイルに対する事前加水分解の効果
13.2.3 LC-PUFAレベルの血漿および組織変化
13.2.3.1 血漿およびRCB LC-PUFAレベルの変化
13.2.3.2 LC-PUFAの組織沈着
13.2.4 ビタミンAおよびビタミンEの吸収の向上
13.3 要約
(実施例14)
Gチューブを介して栄養補給されたEPIブタに対する、例示的デバイス200の12日間有効性試験
14.1 試験デザインおよび手順
1)対照群:5匹のEPIブタを加え、日中7AMおよび3PMに2回、固形食を栄養補給した。7PMから11PMの夜間、4時間の期間中にGチューブ栄養補給を用いて500mLの非加水分解Peptamen AF(登録商標)を提供した。
2)試験群:6匹のEPIブタを加え、日中7AMおよび3PMに2回、固形食を栄養補給した。7PMから11PMの夜間、4時間の期間の経腸栄養補給中に、デバイス200を用いて事前に加水分解された500mLのPeptamen AF(登録商標)を提供した。
食物および便試料中の脂肪およびタンパク質含量の測定
脂肪血指数=(OD660nm-OD700nm)×100%
14.2 結果
1)事前に加水分解された、または非加水分解Peptamen AF(登録商標)の使用に関わらず、小腸の中央部分における病変がないこと。
2)非加水分解調合物が栄養補給された対照群と比較して、わずか12日間の事前加水分解Gチューブ栄養補給後のPepAF+デバイス群における粘膜厚さの若干の増加傾向。
(実施例15)
例示的デバイス200を使用した、およびいかなるデバイス200も使用しない単回Gチューブ栄養補給後のEPIブタにおける全脂肪および遊離脂肪酸の24時間薬力学的プロファイルの比較
(実施例16)
デバイス200を使用した脂肪吸収を評価するためのCF患者のヒト試験
(実施例17)
早産ブタモデルにおいて乳児用調合物の投与に使用されたデバイス200の評価
a.群1:非加水分解Similac Special Care 24 with Iron(59mL、24Kcal、0.25%DHAおよび0.40%AA、Abbott Nutrition)が栄養補給された7匹の仔ブタの対照群;
b.群2:脂肪を事前に加水分解するためにデバイス200に通過させた後のSimilac Special Care 24 with Ironが栄養補給された8匹の仔ブタの処置群。
i.DHA:
1.対照:51.6±7.4から51.4±15.8ug/mL、p=有意ではない
2.処置:47.4±5.4から55.7±6.7ug/mL、p=0.005
ii.AA:
1.対照:95.4±16.5から105.3±32.1ug/mL、p=有意ではない2.処置:87.5±14.9から112.2±27.4ug/mL、p=0.047
(例示的なデバイス200)
(デバイス実施例1)
oryzaeは、栄養調合物110がデバイス200に曝露されたときに、脂肪を加水分解する、より大きい能力を有していてもよい。粒子グラム当たり(乾燥重量で)凡そ5mgから凡そ250mgの精製されたRhizopus oryzaeリパーゼを、粒子300に結合させてもよい。
(デバイス実施例2)
(デバイス実施例3)
本発明の実施形態の例として、以下の項目が挙げられる。
(項目1)
リパーゼに栄養調合物を曝露することによって前記栄養調合物中のトリグリセリドを加水分解するための経腸栄養補給デバイスであって、
チャンバを収容する本体と、
栄養調合物の供給源と流体カップリングするように構成された入口であり、前記栄養調合物を前記供給源から前記デバイスに進入させかつ前記チャンバに流入させる入口と、
経腸栄養補給チューブと流体カップリングするように構成された出口であり、前記栄養調合物を前記チャンバから出しかつ前記経腸栄養補給チューブに流入させる出口と、
前記チャンバ内に含有された複数の粒子であり、前記リパーゼが前記複数の粒子に共有結合される複数の粒子と、
前記複数の粒子により占有されていない空間を画定する、前記チャンバ内に含有されるヘッドスペースと、
前記入口と前記チャンバとの間に位置付けられた入口フィルタであり、第1の複数の開口を含有する入口フィルタと、
前記チャンバと前記出口との間に位置付けられた出口フィルタであり、前記出口フィルタが第2の複数の開口を有し、前記第2の複数の開口が前記複数の粒子よりも小さい出口フィルタと
を含み、
前記栄養調合物中の前記トリグリセリドが、それらが前記チャンバ内に含有される前記複数の粒子を通過するときに加水分解されるデバイス。
(項目2)
前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに前記チャンバの少なくとも50%を満たす、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目3)
前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに前記チャンバの少なくとも80%を満たす、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目4)
前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに前記チャンバの少なくとも90%を満たす、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目5)
前記複数の粒子が、前記栄養調合物に曝露されたときに前記チャンバの少なくとも80%を満たす、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目6)
前記複数の粒子が、前記栄養調合物に曝露されたときに前記チャンバの少なくとも90%を満たす、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目7)
前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに、前記複数の粒子が前記栄養調合物に曝露されたときよりも少なく前記チャンバを満たすように膨潤する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目8)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つの外面が、少なくとも部分的に疎水性である、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目9)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、ジメタクリル酸エチレングリコール、メタクリル酸ブチル、またはメタクリル酸グリシジルの1種または複数で形成される、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目10)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、重量で約50%から約60%の間のジメタクリル酸エチレングリコール、重量で約30%から約45%の間のメタクリル酸ブチル、および重量で約0.01%から約10%の間のメタクリル酸グリシジルで形成される、項目9に記載のデバイス。
(項目11)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、重量で約0%から約10%のポリエチレングリコールで形成される、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目12)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、実質的に中実な断面を有する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目13)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、実質的に滑らかな外面を有する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目14)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、テクスチャ付き外面を有する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目15)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、前記少なくとも1つの粒子内に内面を形成する多孔質断面を有する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目16)
前記多孔質断面の細孔の中位径または平均直径が、約1nmから約50μmの範囲である、項目15に記載のデバイス。
(項目17)
前記リパーゼが前記内面に共有結合される、項目15に記載のデバイス。
(項目18)
前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つの外面または内面の少なくとも1つが、官能基を含む、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目19)
前記官能基がエポキシ基であり、前記リパーゼが前記エポキシ基に共有結合される、項目18に記載のデバイス。
(項目20)
前記複数の粒子の中位径または平均直径が、約100μmから約800μmの間である、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目21)
前記複数の粒子が、第1の群の粒子および第2の群の粒子を含み、前記第1の群の粒子が、前記第2の群の粒子の中位径または平均直径とは異なる中位径または平均直径を有する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目22)
前記複数の粒子に共有結合された前記リパーゼの量が、前記複数の粒子1g当たりリパーゼが約5mgから約500mgの範囲内にある、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目23)
前記第1の複数の開口または前記第2の複数の開口の少なくとも1つが、複数の曲がりくねった経路を含む、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目24)
前記入口フィルタが、前記栄養調合物が前記入口フィルタを通過するときに前記栄養調合物を乳化するよう構成された少なくとも1種の乳化剤で被覆されている、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目25)
前記入口フィルタおよび前記出口フィルタがそれぞれ、約0.1mmから約10mmの間の厚さを有する、項目1に記載のデバイス。
(項目26)
リパーゼに栄養調合物を曝露することによって前記栄養調合物中のトリグリセリドを加水分解するための経腸栄養補給デバイスであって、
チャンバを収容する本体であって、前記チャンバが、
前記チャンバ内に含有されている複数の粒子であり、前記リパーゼが前記複数の粒子に共有結合される複数の粒子、および
前記複数の粒子によって占有されていない空間を画定する、前記チャンバ内に含有されるヘッドスペース
を含む本体と、
前記デバイスを第1のチューブと流体カップリングさせるように構成された第1のコネクタと、
前記第1のコネクタと前記チャンバとの間に位置決めされ、かつ前記第1のコネクタおよび前記チャンバと流体カップリングされた入口と、
前記デバイスを第2のチューブと流体カップリングさせるように構成された第2のコネクタと、
前記第2のコネクタと前記チャンバとの間に位置決めされ、かつ前記チャンバおよび前記第2のコネクタと流体カップリングされた出口と、
前記チャンバと前記出口との間に位置付けられた出口フィルタであり、前記出口フィルタが複数の開口を有し、前記複数の開口が前記複数の粒子よりも小さい出口フィルタと
を含み、
前記栄養調合物中の前記トリグリセリドが、それらが前記チャンバ内に含有される前記複数の粒子を通過するときに加水分解されるデバイス。
Claims (19)
- 栄養調合物をリパーゼに曝露することにより、前記栄養調合物中のトリグリセリドまたは脂肪酸エステルを加水分解するためのデバイスであって、
前記デバイスの入口端部における第1のコネクタ;
前記デバイスの出口端部における第2のコネクタ;
入口フィルタまたは出口フィルタの少なくとも1つであって、ここで、前記入口フィルタまたは出口フィルタの少なくとも1つにおける細孔が、100μm~500μmの直径またはサイズを有する、入口フィルタまたは出口フィルタの少なくとも1つ;
チャンバを収容する本体;
前記チャンバ内に含有される複数の粒子であって、ここで、リパーゼが前記複数の粒子に結合されており、そしここで、前記複数の粒子に結合されている前記リパーゼの量が、前記複数の粒子の1g当たり5mg~250mgのリパーゼの範囲に入る、複数の粒子;および
前記複数の粒子により占有されていない空間を画定する、前記チャンバ内に含有されるヘッドスペース
を含み、
ここで、前記複数の粒子は、栄養調合物に曝露されたときに乾燥構成から湿潤構成へと移行するように構成され;そして
ここで、前記乾燥構成において、前記複数の粒子は、0.1%~5%の水分レベルを有し、そしてここで、前記湿潤構成において、前記複数の粒子は、15%以下の体積で膨潤し;そして
ここで、前記栄養調合物中の前記トリグリセリドまたは前記脂肪酸エステルが、それらが前記チャンバ内に含有される前記複数の粒子を通過するときに加水分解される、
デバイス。 - 前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに前記チャンバの少なくとも50%を満たす、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに前記チャンバの少なくとも80%を満たす、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子が、乾燥したときに前記チャンバの少なくとも90%を満たす、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子が、前記栄養調合物に曝露されたときに前記チャンバの少なくとも80%を満たす、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子が、前記栄養調合物に曝露されたときに前記チャンバの少なくとも90%を満たす、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記デバイスがさらに、前記栄養調合物を受容するために前記チャンバと流体連絡する入口を含む、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つの外面が、少なくとも部分的に疎水性である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、ジメタクリル酸エチレングリコール、メタクリル酸ブチル、またはメタクリル酸グリシジルの少なくとも1種で形成される、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子のうちの少なくとも1つが、ポリエチレングリコールコーティングを含み、ここで、前記ポリエチレングリコールコーティングの量が、2重量%から10重量%の間である、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記デバイスが、経腸栄養補給デバイスである、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つが、前記少なくとも1つの粒子内に内面を形成する多孔質断面を有し、そしてここで、前記リパーゼが、前記内面に結合される、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記多孔質断面の細孔の中位径または平均直径が、10nm~250nmの範囲である、請求項12に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子の少なくとも1つの外面または内面の少なくとも1つが、官能基を含む、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記官能基がエポキシ基であり、前記リパーゼが前記エポキシ基に結合される、請求項14に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子が、第1の群の粒子および第2の群の粒子を含み、ここで、前記第1の群の粒子が、前記第2の群の粒子の中位径または平均直径とは異なる中位径または平均直径を有する、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記デバイスが前記入口フィルタを備え、ここで、前記入口フィルタが、前記栄養調合物を乳化するように構成された少なくとも1種の乳化剤で被覆されている、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子に結合したリパーゼがホスホリパーゼである、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記複数の粒子が、250μm~800μmの平均直径を有する、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
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