JP7036890B2 - Edible part of farmed tuna fish and farmed tuna fish - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to tuna farmed fish and its uses, and a method for breeding tuna farmed fish.

In fish farming, from the viewpoints of nutrition, stable supply, environmental pollution, permanent aquaculture, etc., the conversion from live food to compound feed has been promoted, and various compound feeds have been developed. In particular, compound feeds that match the taste of fish species have been proposed so that the conversion to compound feeds will proceed even for fish species that are highly piscivorous.
For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a fish feed having an outer layer and an inner layer. Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, these feeds for fish farming are used for farmed fish with high palatability such as tuna, and it is described that the feedability and feed efficiency are good. Patent Document 3 discloses a feed having a double structure consisting of an exodermis and an internal capsule containing a protein raw material and a liquid oil, and describes that this feed has high feedability and suppresses oil leakage. Has been done.

International Publication No. 2010/10326 Pamphlet Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-65565 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-45750

On the other hand, it is known that vitamin E has an antioxidant effect and the like, and in a living body, vitamin E exerts a function peculiar to each tissue. Therefore, even in farmed fish, it is required that the physiological action of vitamin E in each tissue is high.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vitamin E-enriched tuna farmed fish, its use, and a method for raising the same.

The present invention is as follows.
[1] A tuna farmed fish in which at least one selected from the group consisting of muscle, liver and eyeball contains 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g.
[2] The tuna farmed fish according to [1], which was obtained by breeding and managing with a feed containing a compound feed.
[3] The tuna farmed fish according to [1] or [2], which has a specific pyloric weight of 2% or more.
[4] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [3], which has a pylorus containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g.
[5] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [4], which has a total fish weight of 20 kg or more.
[6] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [5], which has a fork length of 90 cm or more.
[7] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [6] having an obesity degree of 20 or more.
[8] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [7], which are tuna species of the genus Tuna, Auxis, Mackerel tuna, or Skipjack.
[9] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [8], which is albacore, bluefin tuna, southern bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, longtail tuna, hagatsuo or suma.
[10] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [8], which is a tuna whose staple food is fish whose habitat is in the northern hemisphere.
[11] The tuna farmed fish according to [10], which is albacore, bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, longtail tuna, longtail tuna or mackerel tuna.
[12] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [11], wherein at least one of the parts selected from the group consisting of gills, internal organs, tail and head has been removed.
[13] The tuna farmed fish according to any one of [1] to [12], which is a form in which the gills and internal organs are removed.
[14] The tuna farmed fish according to [13], which has a total weight of 17 kg or more.
[15] An edible portion of farmed tuna fish containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g.
[16] The edible portion of a farmed tuna fish according to [15], which is at least a part of fish meat, internal organs, eyeballs, skin or brain.
[17] The edible portion of the tuna farmed fish according to [15], which is lean or fat.
[18] The edible portion of the tuna farmed fish according to [15], which is at least one selected from the group consisting of liver, pylorus, stomach, esophagus, intestine, testis, ovary, spleen, heart and float.
[19] A non-heated food for cultured tuna fish, which comprises a non-heated product of an edible portion of the cultured tuna fish containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g, and a container for accommodating the unheated product of the edible portion.
[20] A cooked food for cultured tuna fish, which comprises a heated product of an edible portion of the cultured tuna fish containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g, and a container for accommodating the heated product of the edible portion.
[21] The internal capsule contains fish meal and fat and oil, and the outer skin which is at least one heated gel selected from the group consisting of proteins and polysaccharides, and the content of vitamin E in the internal capsule is the whole feed. A method for breeding aquacultured tuna fish, which comprises continuously feeding a compound feed having a concentration of 500 ppm or more for at least 60 days.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vitamin E-enriched tuna farmed fish, its use, and a method for raising the same.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of a fish body showing a place where fish meat is collected in the examples.

In the present specification, the term "process" is included in this term not only as an independent process but also as long as the intended purpose of the process is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes. .. In the present specification, the numerical range indicated by using "-" shall indicate the range including the numerical values described before and after it as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
As used herein, the term "less than or equal to" or "less than" with respect to percentage includes 0% or "not contained" unless otherwise specified, or includes values undetectable by current means. Means a range. In the present specification, the amount of each component in the composition means the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition when a plurality of substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, unless otherwise specified. do.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.

<Tuna farmed fish>
The tuna farmed fish in one embodiment of the present invention contains at least 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g selected from the group consisting of muscle, liver and eyeball. In the present specification, this tuna farmed fish may be referred to as "vitamin E-enriched farmed fish".
Generally, the content of vitamin E in fish-eating farmed fish is about 1 mg to 2 mg per 100 g of edible portion in yellowtail, and 100 g in edible portion in hamachi (cultured), according to the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan 2010. It is known that about 4 mg of vitamin E is contained per 100 g of edible portion of yellowtail, and about 3 mg of vitamin E is contained per 100 g of edible portion. On the other hand, tuna (fat) is lower than these fish species, and the amount of vitamin E is known to be 1.5 mg per 100 g.

On the other hand, in this bluefin tuna farmed fish, at least one selected from the group consisting of muscle, liver and eyeball contains 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g. No tuna farmed fish having such a high vitamin E content has been identified so far.

Therefore, since the tuna farmed fish in the present invention contains vitamin E at a much higher concentration than the conventional tuna, the high physiological action of vitamin E peculiar to the tissue can be exhibited in each tissue. In addition, since the tuna farmed fish in the present invention has vitamin E accumulated in each tissue at a much higher concentration than the conventional tuna farmed fish, the vitamin E immunostimulatory action in the breeding environment or By suppressing the production of lipid peroxide due to its antioxidant effect, it can be expected that it is resistant to feeding restrictions, has a high survival rate, is resistant to stress, and is less likely to get sick. When such an edible portion of tuna farmed fish is used as food, it can be inferred that it is difficult to form so-called burnt meat due to the antioxidant power of vitamin E, and further, a larger amount of vitamin E can be obtained with a smaller amount. Therefore, it can be expected that the effect of vitamin E will be exhibited efficiently.

It is known that tuna, which are vitamin E-enriched cultured fish, generally contain a relatively large amount of functional unsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Since vitamin E-enriched farmed fish contain a large amount of vitamin E, the oxidation of functional unsaturated fatty acids can be suppressed.
Examples of tuna species include tuna and Bonitos. Examples of the tuna family include the genus Tuna, the genus Auxis, the genus Mackerel tuna, and the genus Bonito, and examples of the Bonito family include the genus Dogtooth tuna and the genus Bonito. Examples of tuna include bonito of the genus Tuna, black tuna, bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, bonito, bonito, bonito, Auxis and Auxis, and Suma of the genus Auxis. The genus Auxis can be mentioned, or it can be Binnaga, Black Tuna, Minami Tuna, Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Kihada, Auxis, Koshinaga, Skipjack or Suma.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish are preferably tuna that can feed on fish whose habitat is in the northern hemisphere in nature. Examples of tuna that can feed on fish whose habitat is the northern hemisphere in nature include albacore, bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, longtail tuna, hagatsuo, and mackerel tuna. ..

The vitamin E-enriched farmed fish may be obtained by any method, and is preferably obtained by breeding and managing with a feed containing a compound feed.
"Compound feed" means a feed in which materials are combined so as to satisfy nutrients such as proteins, vitamins and minerals necessary for the growth of fish. By "breeding management" is meant being bred with a diet selected to achieve a particular purpose.

In vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, at least one selected from the group consisting of muscle, liver and eyeball contains 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g, preferably 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, 20 mg. It contains 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, 80 mg or more, 100 mg or more, or 150 mg or more of vitamin E. The vitamin E-enriched farmed fish may be at least one selected from the group consisting of muscle, liver and eyeball, and a part thereof may contain 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g. The upper limit of the content of vitamin E in at least one tissue selected from the group consisting of muscle, liver and eyeball of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less.

Examples of muscles include dorsal muscles, ventral muscles, dorsal keel muscles, ventral keel muscles, and blood muscles. The dorsal, ventral, dorsal and ventral dorsal muscles are located relatively deep in the fish body, with lean meat with higher myoglobin content and redness, and relatively shallow parts of the fish body. , Can be divided into fats with less myoglobin content and less redness. Fatty tuna is also commonly called "toro", and is called "large toro" or "medium toro" depending on the amount of fat. The blood muscle is a reddish brown muscle near the junction of the dorsal and ventral muscles.

The content of vitamin E is measured as follows. In the case of muscle, a part of the muscle, for example, cut into a size of about 5 cm square and used as a test piece. In the case of the liver, a part of the liver, for example, the central part is cut into a size of 5 cm × 5 cm and used as a test piece. In the case of the eyeball, take it out together with the eyeball and the optic nerve, chop it into small pieces, and use it as a test piece.
The amount of vitamin E in the test piece is quantified by a high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) method (fluorescence spectrophotometer) using an unsaponified product taken out by alkaline saponification. That is, alkali saponification is performed using a sodium chloride solution, a pyrogallol-ethanol solution and a potassium hydroxide solution, shaking extraction is performed using a mixed solution of sodium chloride solution and hexane and ethyl acetate, the upper layer is separated, and the solvent is retained. After removal, it is added to hexane to prepare a sample for measurement, and quantified based on the peak ratio in HPLC.

Examples of vitamin E include tocopherol and tocotrienol, and specific examples thereof include α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol, β-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, and δ-tocotrienol. And so on. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can contain these vitamin Es alone or in combination of two or more.

Preferably, the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish contains vitamin E in any two of muscle, liver and eyeball, ie, muscle and eyeball, muscle and liver, liver and eyeball, more preferably muscle, liver. And in any of the eyeballs, 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, or 15 mg or more can be contained per 100 g. It can be inferred that such vitamin E-enriched farmed fish have a high vitamin E content in a plurality of tissues. The upper limit of the vitamin E content of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less and 300 mg or less.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can contain vitamin E in an amount of 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, or 10 mg or more per 100 g of muscle. The upper limit of the content of vitamin E in the muscle of a farmed fish enriched with vitamin E is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less, 300 mg or less, 100 mg or less, or 50 mg or less. Such a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having muscles having a high vitamin E content can, for example, exercise for a long time without getting tired, and can suppress the generation of so-called burnt meat.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish contain vitamin E per 100 g of liver, 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, 80 mg or more, 100 mg or more, or 150 mg or more. Can include. The upper limit of the content of vitamin E in the liver of a farmed fish enriched with vitamin E is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less or 300 mg or less. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having such a high vitamin E content liver can maintain, for example, the digestive capacity of tuna farmed fish for a longer period of time, and for a longer period of time due to more sustained nutrient absorption. You can stay healthy throughout.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can contain vitamin E in an amount of 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, or 20 mg or more per 100 g of eyeballs. The upper limit of the content of vitamin E in the eyeballs of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less, 300 mg or less, 100 mg or less, or 50 mg or less. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having an eyeball with a high vitamin E content are less likely to get tired due to, for example, an effect of improving peripheral circulatory disorders, an effect of preventing an increase in lipid peroxide, and an effect of improving metabolic abnormalities of the retina. In addition, the feeding ability can be improved, or collision with obstacles can be easily avoided by improving the visual acuity of the farmed fish.

Preferably, the vitamin E-enriched fish is subjected to α-tocopherol in any two of muscle, liver and eyeball, ie, muscle and eyeball, muscle and liver, liver and eyeball, more preferably muscle, liver. And in any of the eyeballs, 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, or 15 mg or more can be contained per 100 g. It can be inferred that such vitamin E-enriched farmed fish has a high vitamin E content as a whole fish body. The upper limit of the content of α-tocopherol in the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less or 300 mg or less.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can contain α-tocopherol in an amount of 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, or 10 mg or more per 100 g of muscle. The upper limit of the content of α-tocopherol in the muscle of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less, 300 mg or less, 100 mg or less, or 50 mg or less. Such vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having muscles having a high α-tocopherol content can, for example, exercise for a long time without getting tired, and can suppress the generation of so-called burnt meat.
Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish contain α-tocopherol at 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, 80 mg or more, 100 mg or more, or 150 mg or more per 100 g of liver. , Can be included. The upper limit of the content of α-tocopherol in the liver of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less, or 300 mg or less. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having a liver with a high α-tocopherol content can, for example, maintain the digestive capacity of tuna-cultured fish for a longer period of time, and can be longer due to more sustained nutrient absorption. You can stay healthy over a period of time.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can contain α-tocopherol in an amount of 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, or 20 mg or more per 100 g of eyeballs. The upper limit of the content of α-tocopherol in the eyeballs of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1000 mg or less, 300 mg or less, 100 mg or less, or 50 mg or less. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having such an eyeball with a high α-tocopherol content become tired due to, for example, peripheral circulatory disorder improving action, lipid peroxide increase preventing action, retinal metabolic abnormality improving action, and the like. It is difficult, and it is possible to improve the feeding ability, or it is possible to easily avoid collision with obstacles by improving the visual acuity of the farmed fish.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can have a classification of obesity of preferably 20 or more, more preferably 21 or more, still more preferably 22 or more. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish with an obesity of 20 or more can be said to be so-called fat-rich compared to natural fish, and can provide more vitamin E-enriched edible parts. can.
The degree of obesity can generally be evaluated based on the following formula [1].
Classification of obesity =
Weight (g) / [Caudal ramus length (cm) x Caudal ramus length (cm) x Caudal ramus length (cm)] x 1000
... [1]

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can have a caudal ramus length of 90 cm or more, 100 cm or more, 120 cm or more, 150 cm or more, or 200 cm or more. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having a tail fork length of 90 cm or more has a larger fish body than natural fish and can provide more edible parts enriched with vitamin E. Caudal ramus length refers to the distance from the tip of the head of the fish to the end of the center of the fin, and is an index of external morphology well known to those skilled in the art. The length of the caudal ramus is measured by measuring the distance in a straight line in a plane from the tip of the head of the fish to the end of the center of the fin. The upper limit of the tail fork length of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 2000 cm or less.

In the case of a vitamin E-enriched cultured fish of an individual fish, the total weight of the vitamin E-enriched cultured fish, that is, the total fish weight is preferably 20 kg or more, more preferably 25 kg or more, and more preferably 30 kg or more. Is even more preferable, and it is even more preferably 35 kg or more, and particularly preferably 40 kg or more. Vitamin E-rich farmed fish, which have a heavier total fish weight, have the advantage of being able to obtain more vitamin E-rich edible parts, and the difference between the fat part and the lean part due to the large amount of fat. It becomes more prominent, and it is possible to obtain an advantage that more fat that is hard to be oxidized can be obtained due to the antioxidant power of vitamin E.
The upper limit of the total weight of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 500 kg or less.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can have sites with higher vitamin E content when compared to non-vitamin E-enriched farmed fish. In the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, the portion having a high vitamin E content can exhibit a good function by suppressing the production of lipid peroxide and the like by the enriched vitamin E.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can have larger pyloric droops compared to non-vitamin E-enriched fish. For example, in vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, the weight of the pylorus can be 2% or more. Since the pylorus is a nutrient-absorbing organ in fish, it is expected that nutrient absorption is relatively large when the size of the pylorus is large. When the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is bred using the compound feed, the weight of the pyorrhea tends to be larger than that of the farmed fish other than the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish. The ratio of the weight of the pylorus to the total body weight in the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, that is, even if the weight of the pylorus is 2% or more, 2.5% or more, 3% or more, or 3.5% or more. good. The upper limit of the specific weight of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 10% or less.
Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, which have a high weight, have relatively good nutrient absorption. Therefore, when one or more other nutrients that can be accumulated in edible parts are contained in the compound feed, , It can be expected that these other nutritional components will be highly accumulated. The weight of the pylorus can be measured by separating it from the internal organs extracted from the fish body to obtain the pylorus.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish pylorus can contain vitamin E in an amount of 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, or 80 mg or more per 100 g. When the content of vitamin E in the pylorus is high, it is expected that the function of the pylorus is effectively exerted based on the antioxidant power of vitamin E. The upper limit of the vitamin E content of the pyloric pylorus of a farmed fish enriched with vitamin E is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 500 mg or less.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish can have tissues or organs having a vitamin E content of 2 mg or more in addition to the above. Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish may have high vitamin E content in tissues or organs such as stomach, esophagus, intestine, testis, ovary, spleen, heart and blood.

Examples of the form of vitamin E-enriched cultured fish include a form having any part from the head to the tail, that is, a "fish individual" and a "processed form" in which a part of the fish body of the fish individual is removed. be able to.
Examples of the processed form of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish include those in which at least one of the sites selected from the group consisting of gills, internal organs, tail and head has been removed. Examples of the internal organs include the esophagus, stomach, intestinal tract, liver, pylorus, testis, ovary, pancreas, heart, and floating bag. The processing form is appropriately selected, for example, according to the convenience of distribution, and examples thereof include a form in which the gills and internal organs are removed. The form of tuna from which the gills and internal organs have been removed is generally referred to as GG tuna. In other words, "GG tuna" is a form in which the gills and internal organs, specifically, the esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, pylorus, gonads (testis or ovary), spleen, heart, and sac are removed. Point to.

It is known that the weight of GG tuna corresponds to about 85 to 89% of the total fish weight. The weight of the GG tuna in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 17 kg or more, more preferably 21 kg or more, further preferably 26 kg or more, still more preferably 34 kg or more. The heavier the weight, the more vitamin E-rich edible parts can be obtained. It is possible to obtain an advantage that more fat that is hard to be oxidized can be obtained due to the oxidizing power. The length of the GG tuna is substantially the same as the tail fork length of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish described above, that is, the GG tuna can have a length of 90 cm or more, 100 cm or more, or 120 cm or more. GG tuna having a length of 90 cm or more can provide a larger edible portion having a larger fish body and enriched with vitamin E as compared with natural fish.

As other processing forms, for example, the so-called headless form in which the head and tail are further removed from the GG tuna and the headless form are divided into four parts by dividing the headless form into left and right, dorsal and ventral sides. It can be mentioned as a so-called loin form in a state.

A processed form of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish in which at least one of the sites selected from the group consisting of gills, internal organs and head has been removed can have muscle, eyeball, or both muscle and eyeball. The processed form of vitamin E-enriched cultured fish muscle can contain 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, or 10 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g, as in the case of individual fish. The eyeballs of the processed form of vitamin E-enriched cultured fish can contain 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, or 20 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g, as in the case of individual fish.

Examples of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish according to one embodiment of the present invention include:
(1) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish containing 5 mg, 8 mg or 10 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of muscle, obesity degree of 21 or more, total fish weight of 25 kg or more, and tail fork length of 90 cm or more; (2) Muscle 100 g Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish containing 5 mg, 8 mg or 10 mg or more of vitamin E, obesity of 20 or more, total fish weight of 20 kg or more, and tail fork length of 100 cm or more;
(3) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish, which is a GG tuna containing 5 mg, 8 mg or 10 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of muscle, having an obesity degree of 21 or more, a total fish weight of 21 kg or more, and a tail fork length of 90 cm or more; ,
(4) Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish that contains 5 mg, 8 mg, or 10 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of muscle, has an obesity degree of 20 or more, has a total fish weight of 17 kg or more, and has a tail fork length of 100 cm or more.

(5) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish containing 50 mg, 80 mg or 100 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of liver, obesity degree of 21 or more, total fish weight of 25 kg or more, and tail fork length of 90 cm or more;
(6) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish containing 50 mg, 80 mg or 100 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of liver, obesity degree of 20 or more, total fish weight of 20 kg or more, and tail fork length of 100 cm or more;
(7) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish, which is a GG tuna containing 50 mg, 80 mg or 100 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of liver, having an obesity degree of 21 or more, a total fish weight of 21 kg or more, and a tail fork length of 90 cm or more; ,
(8) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish that contains 50 mg, 80 mg, or 100 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of liver, has an obesity degree of 20 or more, has a total fish weight of 17 kg or more, and has a tail fork length of 100 cm or more.

(9) Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish containing 10 mg, 15 mg or 20 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of eyeball, having an obesity degree of 21 or more, a total fish weight of 25 kg or more, and a tail fork length of 90 cm or more;
(10) Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish containing 10 mg, 15 mg or 20 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of eyeball, obesity of 20 or more, total fish weight of 20 kg or more, and tail fork length of 100 cm or more;
(11) Vitamin E-enriched cultured fish, which is a GG tuna containing 10 mg, 15 mg or 20 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of eyeball, having an obesity degree of 21 or more, a total fish weight of 21 kg or more, and a tail fork length of 90 cm or more; ,
(12) A vitamin E-enriched cultured fish that contains 10 mg, 15 mg, or 20 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of eyeball, has an obesity degree of 20 or more, has a total fish weight of 17 kg or more, and has a tail fork length of 100 cm or more.

The vitamin E-enriched farmed fish of (1) to (12) are less likely to get sick, and even when used as food, they are enriched with vitamin E and can exhibit better properties.
The morphology of (1) to (4) relating to the muscle, the morphology of (5) to (8) relating to the liver, and the morphology of (9) to (12) relating to the eyeball are independent of each other to the extent possible. It may be a combination.

In the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish of (1), (2), (5), (6), (9) and (10) above, the weight of the pylorus is 2% or more, 2.5% or more, 3 % Or more, or 3.5% or more. In the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish of the above (1), (2), (5), (6), (9) and (10), the pylorus is 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more per 100 g. It may be 15 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, or 80 mg or more. Further, in the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish of (1), (2), (5), (6), (9) and (10), the above-mentioned rational pyloric weight and vitamin E content were combined. It may be a thing.

<Edible part and food>
One embodiment of the present invention comprises an edible portion of a farmed tuna fish, which is an edible portion of tuna containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g. In other words, the edible portion of the bluefin tuna farmed fish may be the edible portion of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish described above. The edible portion of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish contains vitamin E at a much higher concentration than the edible portion of conventionally known tuna, so that it has high economic value when provided as food, and vitamin E. Can be expected to exert its effects.

The "edible part" may be any part of the fish body that can be donated to food, and examples thereof include fish meat, internal organs, eyeballs, skin, brain, blood, and in the case of tissues or organs. It may be the whole tissue or organ or even a part thereof. For example, in the case of the liver, it may be the whole liver or a part thereof.

The edible portion may be fish meat, internal organs or eyeballs.
Fish as food as an edible portion is a muscle, which is generally unheated (raw) or heated and eaten. Examples of the fish meat include the above-mentioned lean meat, fat meat, blood line muscle and the like, and lean meat or fat meat is preferable.

Examples of internal organs as edible parts include liver, pylorus, stomach, esophagus, intestinal tract, gonads (testis or ovary), spleen, heart, and floating bag. These internal organs can generally be heated and eaten. Peripheral muscles may be attached to the eyeball as an edible portion.

As described above, since the edible portion of the tuna farmed fish in one embodiment of the present invention is the edible portion of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, the vitamins in the fish meat, liver, pyorrhea, and eyeball as the edible portion. As for the E content, the matters described above for vitamin E-enriched farmed fish are applied as they are. As for other parts as edible parts, the matters described above regarding vitamin E-enriched farmed fish are applied as they are to the extent possible. For example, the vitamin E content in other parts as an edible portion is 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, 80 mg or more, 100 mg or more, or 100 g or more. It can be 150 mg or more.

The edible portion of the cultured tuna fish may have fish meat, internal organs, or a portion around the eyeball attached to the edible portion. For example, coarse (ara) is also included in the "edible portion" of the present invention. Coarse generally means the head, bones, gills, fins or combinations of two or more of these that remain after grated fish and the meat and skin attached to them. In the case of crude, the remaining portion from which the coarsely contained bone has been removed contains vitamin E having a content of 2 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 15 mg or more, or 20 mg or more per 100 g. Just do it.

The edible portion of the cultured tuna fish is preferably used as a food, for example, the following heated food and non-heated food, and can also be applied as an animal feed. The food and animal feed according to one embodiment may include an edible portion of aquacultured tuna fish. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide foods and animal feeds that are resistant to denaturation due to the antioxidant power of vitamin E and have an suppressed oxidative odor. Since the food and animal feed according to one embodiment contain vitamin E at a much higher concentration than the edible portion of tuna conventionally known, they have high economic value when provided as food, and vitamins. The effect of E can be expected. Examples of animal feeds include cat foods, dog foods, and farmed fish feeds. The animal feed may be contained in a container described later. Examples of the food include non-heated foods and heated foods.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a non-heated food in an edible portion of a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish and a non-heated food containing a container for accommodating the edible portion. The non-heated product means an edible portion that has not been cooked, and includes surimi, sashimi, sashimi, blocks and fillets, as well as these frozen products, chilled products, freeze-dried products, dried fish, and pickles. be able to. It can be judged from the color tone of the surface of the edible portion that it is not cooked. As used herein, the term "heating" means that heat is applied to a state in which actomyosin is denatured to a visible extent. When the edible portion of the farmed fish is heat-treated, the edible portion is discolored due to the denaturation of actomyosin, so that the judgment can be made based on the discoloration of the edible portion.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a heated product of an edible portion of a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish and a heated food product containing a container for accommodating the heated product. The heated product means an edible portion that has been cooked, and examples thereof include simmered foods, grilled foods, steamed foods, fried foods, and paste products.

The shape of the heated product and the non-heated product is not particularly limited, and may have a shape peculiar to the edible portion, an amorphous shape obtained by shredding, or a specific shape. It may be a molded product of.
The heated and unheated foods may optionally include at least one selected from the group consisting of other foods, food materials and accessories. Other foods include rice, radish (radish, seaweed, etc.), ginger (gari), and the like. Examples of the food material include green onions and green onions for roasting. Examples of accessories include baluns, labels, ice packs, coolants, ice, dry ice, sherbet ice and the like. The accessory may be housed in the container together with the edible portion, may be arranged on the outside of the container, may be inseparable from the container, or may be detachably attached. .. Other foods, food materials and accessories may be one or more combinations, respectively.

The container may be any container used to accommodate the edible portion, and examples thereof include styrofoam, paper, vinyl, soft plastic, hard plastic, metal, and glass. The shape of the container may be any as long as it can accommodate an edible portion, and examples thereof include a packaging sheet, a tray with or without a lid, a bag, and a can.

The above-mentioned vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, the above-mentioned edible portion of the vitamin E-enriched fish, and the vitamin E-enriched cultured fish for the non-heated products and the heated products of the edible part were obtained by any method. There may be. The vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is preferably a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish produced by the following breeding method.

<Breeding method>
The breeding method in one embodiment of the present invention comprises an encapsulation containing fish meal, oil and fat, and an outer skin which is at least one heated gel selected from the group consisting of proteins and polysaccharides. Including feeding a compound feed having a vitamin E content of 500 ppm or more with respect to the whole feed to tuna as a farmed fish continuously for at least 60 days, and performing other steps as necessary. Can include.
In this breeding method, a double-structured compound feed containing a specific inclusion and a specific outer skin containing vitamin E is continuously fed to tuna for at least 60 days, so that the present invention enriched with vitamin E. The vitamin E-enriched farmed fish in the embodiment can be efficiently obtained. From this point of view, the "method of breeding vitamin E-enriched fish" in the present specification is synonymous with the "method of producing vitamin E-enriched fish" and can be read as each other.

The compound feed used in the breeding method of this embodiment has a double structure including an exodermis and an inclusion containing vitamin E. In the present specification, this compound feed used in the breeding method of this embodiment may be referred to as a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed.
The inclusion of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed is mainly composed of fish meal and fats and oils, contains a predetermined amount of vitamin E, and further contains other nutritional components other than vitamin E, which is known as a nutritional component for fish farming. You may. Examples of other nutritional components include vitamins such as minerals and vitamin C.

Examples of vitamin E contained in the internal capsule include tocopherol and tocotrienol, and derivatives thereof. Tocopherol and its derivatives include α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, and carboxylic acid esters thereof, for example, α-tocopherol acetate, nicotinic acid-α-tocopherol, linoleic acid-α-tocopherol. , Succinic acid-α-tocopherol. As the tocopherol, a mixture thereof, that is, mixed tocopherol can be used. Examples of tocotrienols and derivatives thereof include α-tocotrienols, β-tocotrienols, γ-tocotrienols, δ-tocotrienols, and acetic acid esters thereof.

The content of vitamin E is preferably 500 ppm or more, more preferably 550 ppm or more, and even more preferably 600 ppm or more of the total weight of the compound feed. The upper limit of the content of vitamin E is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 20% by weight or less of the total weight of the compound feed.

Polysaccharides, hydrogenated oils and the like can be blended into the internal capsule to emulsify and stabilize the capsule. This makes it possible to suppress the leakage of fish meal or liquid fats and oils. When the compound feed is produced by a machine, the physical characteristics of the inclusions are preferably mechanically suitable fluidity or physical characteristics. Examples of the oil / fat adsorbent include Oil Q (manufactured by Nissho Chemical Co., Ltd.), Unishort K (manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) as the hydrogenated oil, and New Fuji Pro SEH (manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) as the emulsifier. ..

The raw materials used in the conventional compound feed for farmed fish can be added to the internal capsule. For example, raw fish, squid meal, okiami meal, soybean oil residue, corn gluten meal and other proteins, okiami oil, whale oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, hardened oil and other fats and oils, starch, wheat flour, rice flour, tapioca flour, corn. Starch such as flour, alginic acid and its salts, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), guagam, dextrin, chitosan, curdran, pectin, carrageenan, mannan, gellan gum, arabic gum, polysaccharides such as edible water-soluble cellulose, vitamins, Examples include minerals.

The inclusions have a fat content of 20 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 35% by weight or more, most preferably when feeding large farmed fish. It can be blended so as to be 45% by weight or more. A large amount of fat and oil can exert an excellent effect on the growth and growth efficiency of farmed fish, and if it is 70% by weight or less, it becomes easy to select and blend other preferable components. Fish oil and other vegetable oils and fats can be used as they are, or preferably Vitacel (registered trademark, hereinafter the same) WF200, Vitacel WF600 or Vitacel WF600 / 30 (manufactured by Lettenmeier), Oil Q No. .. 50 or oil-absorbing polysaccharides such as dextran such as Oil Q-S (manufactured by Nissho Chemical Co., Ltd.), Pine Flow (manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), oil-absorbing proteins such as fermented soybeans and isoflavones, or soybean oil, rapeseed oil Alternatively, a hydrogenated hardened oil such as palm oil can be used with reduced fluidity. Fish oil can also be used by reducing its fluidity by emulsification. From the viewpoint of fish digestibility, these components that reduce fluidity are preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 5% by weight or less of the total weight of the inclusions. As the fat and oil, fish oil is most preferable. Fish oil can be partially replaced with other vegetable oils and fats.

As the fish meal which is an essential component of the inclusion, various fish meals usually used as a feed raw material for fish farming, crustacean powder such as krill, and the like can be used. The fish meal content can be 30 to 70% by weight, preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 35% by weight or more, and most preferably 45% by weight or more, based on the total weight of the inclusions. From the viewpoint of maintaining the shape, it is preferable to add excipients such as a binding polysaccharide, hydrogenated oil and an emulsifier to the internal capsule.

The husk of a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish feed is a heated gel obtained from at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of proteins and polysaccharides. A raw material containing a protein raw material and / or a polysaccharide raw material (hereinafter referred to as an outer skin composition) that forms a gel by heating is used. The composition for the outer skin gels by heating and exhibits a certain elasticity, extensibility, and adhesiveness. By using such a heated gel, the internal capsule is surely covered.
The gel by heating is a gel formed by heating at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of proteins and polysaccharides to 60 ° C. or higher, or heating to 60 ° C. or higher and then cooling, and starch and the like. It means a gel formed by gelatinizing a polysaccharide by adding water to it and heating it to 60 ° C. or higher.

The outer skin is not particularly limited as long as it encloses the internal capsule. Examples of the protein applied to the rind include a gel such as a single protein such as fish meat, ground meat, oyster, gluten, collagen, soybean protein, enzymatically decomposed soybean protein, gelatin, and egg white, or a mixture of two or more thereof. Proteins having the ability to form are preferable. Proteins also include alginic acid and its salts. Examples of the polysaccharide include starch, alginic acid and its salts, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), guagam, dextrin, chitosan, curdlan, pectin, carrageenan, mannan, gellan gum, arabic gum, edible water-soluble cellulose and the like. ..
As the starch applied to the outer skin, tapioca starch, wheat starch, potato starch, corn starch, bean starch, waxy corn starch, and processed starches thereof are preferable. Food materials rich in these proteins and / or starch can also be used. The outer skin having a composition containing these proteins and / or polysaccharides has a gel fixed by heating, has flexibility, and has a holding power of the inner layer composition, and has a certain strength. Among them, a gel formed by heating a protein or a gel formed by heating starch is preferable in terms of physical properties such as flexibility and extensibility.

For example, when fish paste is used as a raw material, it can be produced by using a general method for producing a paste product such as kamaboko. Specifically, 2% by weight or more of salt is added, and the mixture is left at 10 ° C. or higher, preferably 30 ° C. to 40 ° C. for 10 minutes or longer, and then heated at 80 to 90 ° C. for 10 minutes or longer. When egg white is used, for example, egg white: starch: fish meal: water are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1: 2: 6 and heated to obtain a composition having desirable physical characteristics.

Various auxiliary raw materials can be added to the composition for the outer skin as long as the gel formation is not affected.
Fish meal or oil may be added to the composition for the outer skin as long as it does not affect the gelation of the outer skin. Although it depends on the type of gel used, in the case of fishmeal, the outer skin can contain up to about 60% by weight of fishmeal, and in the case of fats and oils, the outer skin contains up to 30% by weight of the total weight of the composition for outer skin. It is possible. When both fish meal and fats and oils are contained, the outer skin preferably contains 20 to 30% by weight of fish meal and 5 to 10% by weight of fats and oils based on the total weight of the composition for outer skin.

In order to improve the quality of the gel of the outer skin, additives used as quality improving agents such as fish paste products can be added to the composition for the outer skin. Examples of the additive include starch, thickening polysaccharide, isolated soy protein, baking soda, polymerized phosphate, egg white, transglutaminase, various protease inhibitors and the like. In particular, the rind is agar, gellan gum, pullulan, starch, mannan, carrageenan, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, curdlan, pectin, alginic acid and its salts, arabic gum, chitosan, dextrin, edible to enhance gel strength. A thickener such as water-soluble cellulose can be appropriately contained.

As another preferred embodiment for the outer skin, a heated gel containing starch as a main component is excellent in its elasticity and flexibility. A gel in which water is added to starch, kneaded and heated can exhibit good elasticity, flexibility and extensibility. In particular, various modified starches have their own characteristics, and by combining two or more types, it is possible to obtain an outer skin having better elasticity, flexibility, extensibility and the like. It is advisable to combine different types of modified starch, for example a combination of etherified starch and phosphoric acid cross-linked starch.
A stronger gel can be obtained by adding proteins such as gluten and soy protein to starch. Wheat flour containing gluten can also be used instead of gluten. Other auxiliary ingredients include grain flour such as wheat flour; proteins such as soybean protein, gluten, and egg white; sugar or sugar alcohols such as sugar and water candy; carrageenan, agar, gellan gum, pullulan, mannan, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, and curd. A thickener such as orchid, pectin, alginic acid and salts thereof, arabic gum, chitosan, dextrin, edible water-soluble cellulose; salts such as phosphate may be added. For example, adding flour to starch can give strength to the rind. In addition, by adding a certain amount of protein, the stickiness of the surface after heating can be suppressed.

The starch in the outer skin is not particularly limited, but tapioca starch, wheat starch, potato starch, corn starch, bean starch and the like can be used, and in particular, these etherification, acetylation, acetyl cross-linking, ether cross-linking, phosphoric acid cross-linking, etc. Modified starch such as pregelatinized hydroxypropyl phosphate cross-linking is preferred. Among them, the outer skin of the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed contains a combination of tapioca acetate starch and etherified tapioca starch. In the case of such a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed, it is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the stickiness of the surface and making the feed easy to eat. The combination of tapioca acetate starch and etherified tapioca starch can be, for example, 1: 1 to 1:20 by weight, preferably 1: 2 to 1:15, and 1: 8 to 1: 1. It is more preferably 12.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed is made by adding water to a composition for outer skin, which is made by adding other auxiliary materials such as protein to starch, which is the raw material of the outer skin, mixing and kneading, and wrapping the inner package with a bean paste machine or the like. After that, it can be manufactured by heating.

Preferably, the composition for the outer skin and the inner capsule are each supplied to the extruder of the double nozzle, and the composition for the outer skin is mixed and heat-treated while being extruded by wrapping the inner capsule with the outer skin, if necessary. It can be manufactured by a method including other steps.
For example, using an extruder equipped with a double nozzle, heat treatment of the outer skin composition by extrusion cooking and coating of the inner capsule by the outer skin are simultaneously performed, for example, the speed at which the molded product extruded into a columnar shape is extruded. It can be produced by cutting to a certain length with a shutter mechanism that moves up and down according to the above, and covering the cut surface with an outer skin to obtain a double-structured compound feed.

A device provided with a double nozzle and suitable for obtaining such a double-structured compound feed may be uniaxial or biaxial, and may have an extrusion mechanism and a heating mechanism. A device suitable for obtaining a compound feed having a double structure is preferably a device of a biaxial type that rotates in the same direction and meshes with each other. When such an apparatus is used, advantages such as sufficient kneading in a short time can be obtained. Examples of such a device include those manufactured by Buhler, and are disclosed in, for example, International Publication No. 2013/061892.

This device is provided with an extruder with a heating function to which an outer skin composition supply device is connected, and a nozzle for feeding the internal capsule to the center of the outer skin composition is arranged near the discharge port of the extruder. An inclusion supply device is connected to this nozzle. A conveyor is adjacent to the extruder, and a shutter mechanism is arranged at the end of the conveyor's transport path. The outer skin composition supply device mixes the outer skin composition and pumps it into the extruder. The internal capsule supply device pumps the separately mixed and manufactured internal capsule from the nozzle to the discharge port of the extruder. The rind composition is kneaded in an extruder and then heated to form a heated gel. At the discharge port, the outer skin is extruded into a tubular shape, and the inside thereof is filled with an inclusion inserted from a nozzle and discharged in a double-structured columnar shape. The discharged double-structured columnar object is conveyed by a conveyor and inserted vertically downward into the shutter mechanism. The shutter mechanism cuts the encapsulation to a certain length, and a double-structured molded product is completed.

The mixing with the extruder can be a screw rotation speed of 300 to 800 rpm, preferably 350 to 700 rpm. The heating temperature may be at least the temperature at which starch, added protein, etc. gels, and the product temperature may be 60 to 110 ° C, preferably 70 to 100 ° C, more preferably 80 to 95 ° C. .. The discharge temperature can be 80 to 110 ° C, preferably 85 to 105 ° C. The outlet pressure can be 2 MPa to 10 MPa, preferably 4 MPaa to 8 MPa.

The combination ratio of the encapsulation and the outer skin composition can be 4: 6 to 9: 1 by weight, and is preferably 5: 5 to 8: 2. By combining in such a weight ratio, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the elasticity of the obtained vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed, the strength of the outer skin, and the like.

The water activity may be adjusted in consideration of the storage stability of the compound feed. This adjustment of water activity can be adjusted by the composition of the inner capsule and / the outer skin. For example, by adjusting the amount of water to be added, the water activity of the inclusions can be lowered. Salts (salt, sodium apple acid, sodium lactic acid, etc.), sugars (sugar, lactose, maltose, sorbitol, etc.), sugar alcohols, amino acids, nucleic acid-related substances, organic acids, alcohols, propylene glycos, glycerin, starches, proteins The water activity of the composition may be adjusted by adding a water activity adjusting agent such as the above.

The amount of water added to the composition for the outer skin may be an amount that can be applied to the bean paste machine or the extruder, and is appropriately about 30 to 50% by weight. For example, the water content of the outer skin formed by wrapping the internal capsule with a heated gel of starch can be about 25 to 50% by weight. Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed can be stored for a long period of time by refrigerating or freezing. The feed can be further dried to a water content of 10-20% by weight. In this case, the storage stability can be further improved. By combining drying the outer skin and adding an additive to the outer skin composition to reduce the water activity, a feed that can be stored at room temperature for a long period of time can be produced. From the viewpoint of long-term storage, the outer skin of the compound feed preferably has a water content of 10 to 20% by weight and a water activity of 0.8 or less, particularly 0.75% or less, or 0.7% or less. In the present invention, the value measured by the room temperature heating and drying method is used for the water content, and the value measured by the water activity measuring device is used for the water activity.

In the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed, for example, various patterns can be considered in the formulation of the composition for the outer skin containing starch. In the case of feed, the nutrients and calories required for feed differ depending on the fish species or the growth stage of the fish. The more fishmeal and fish oil you add, the more you need to rigorously adjust the composition of the rind, but if the amount of fishmeal and fish oil is less, there is considerable freedom in the composition of the rind. It is preferable to contain starch at least in terms of dry matter in an amount of 20 to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the outer skin. When the exodermis contains 25 to 50% by weight (dry matter equivalent) of fish meal, 20 to 65% by weight of starch, 5 to 20% by weight of wheat flour, protein, fat, thickener, salts, etc. are totaled 5 to 15 in terms of dry matter. It is preferable to add about% by weight. When the exodermis contains fish oil, 1 to 5% by weight of fish oil, 1 to 2% by weight of phosphate, 1 to 5% by weight of protein, and 1 to 5% by weight of thickener should be added. preferable.
When used as an auxiliary material, the wheat flour is preferably a strong flour having a high gluten content, but may be a weak flour. In order to improve the quality of the rind, additives used as quality improvers for starch foods can be added.

The method for producing a compound feed can include drying a double-structured compound feed obtained by cutting by a shutter mechanism, that is, a drying step.
The drying means is not particularly limited as long as the compound feed can be dried. For drying, the conditions for achieving the above-mentioned water content may be set for the water content of the outer skin of the feed.

The drying conditions are preferably mild and can be such that the moisture content of the outer skin can be achieved by 10 to 20% by weight. When mild drying conditions are used, the water content of the outer skin decreases during the drying treatment, while the water content of the encapsulation tends to be higher than that immediately after the cutting treatment due to the transfer of water from the outer skin. There is. As a result, it is possible to obtain a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed having good physical characteristics that matches the taste of the farmed fish. The mild drying conditions can be appropriately set based on the relative humidity, for example, in the temperature range of 20 ° C. to 45 ° C., the range of 6 hours to 48 hours, and the relative humidity range of 20% to 50%. The drying means that can be used may be any one that can achieve such mild drying conditions, for example, placing it on a mesh conveyor, a mesh container or a sheet and drying it. Can be done.

The method for raising tuna farmed fish according to an embodiment of the present invention includes feeding the above-mentioned vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed to tuna continuously for at least 60 days. By continuing breeding with a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed for at least 60 days, vitamin E can be satisfactorily accumulated in the fish body in the tuna to be bred, and due to the action of the accumulated vitamin E. It is possible to maintain a healthy condition throughout the breeding period. Being a farmed fish that has been bred and managed is a characteristic that is not contained in the live food and can remain in the fish body among the components of the vitamin E-enriched aquaculture feed fed during the breeding period. It can be confirmed by confirming the components such as vegetable oil.

The breeding period with the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed can be a longer period, for example, 3 months or more, 6 months or more, or 1 year or more. In this case, vitamin E can be stably accumulated, and vitamin E-enriched farmed fish having good physical characteristics can be reliably produced. In addition, by breeding for a longer period of time using a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed, it is possible to maintain a good health condition for a longer period of time.

As the breeding conditions, the conditions usually applied for the breeding of tuna can be used as they are. For example, the water temperature during the growing period may be 10 ° C. to 32 ° C., and the feeding may be satiety feeding once a day in the normal season and once every two days in the winter season.

During the breeding period, there may be a period of feeding other feeds as long as the feeding with the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed is continued for at least 60 days. Examples of other feeds include raw feeds (horse mackerel, mackerel, etc.), moist pellets, and the like.

Breeding can be started, for example, from a fish individual having a total fish weight of 200 g, and can be started from a fish individual having a total fish weight of 500 g, 1 kg, or 10 kg. By starting breeding from such a period, it is possible to maintain a healthy state according to the growth until the desired time, and by breeding during such a period, vitamin E that meets the requirements of individual fish Can be supplied.

The breeding time may be any time from the start of breeding to the final time of the purpose such as shipping and spawning. For example, the breeding time can be the time immediately before shipment. In this case, it is possible to supply a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish in which vitamin E is stably accumulated and an edible portion thereof.

The vitamin E-enriched farmed fish may be produced by a method other than the above-mentioned breeding method as long as it has the characteristics described in the present specification, and for example, a vitamin E-enriched fish may be produced. It may be manufactured by feeding the used food.

<Manufacturing method of edible part>
The method for producing an edible portion according to an embodiment of the present invention is to prepare a cultured fish for tuna bred by the breeding method in the above-described embodiment, and to prepare an edible portion from the prepared cultivated tuna fish. Can include, if desired, other steps.
In the method for producing the edible portion, since the edible portion is collected from the tuna farmed fish bred by the breeding method in the above-described embodiment, it contains more vitamin E than the conventional edible portion of tuna. The edible portion can be obtained efficiently.

The tuna farmed fish may be an individual fish or may be a fish in the above-mentioned processed form. There are no particular restrictions on the method of collecting the edible part, and those skilled in the art can collect the edible part by a method normally used for cutting out the target edible part from an individual fish or a part thereof. can do.

<Use>
Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish and their edible portions are preferable as vitamin E-enriched foods because they have a high concentration of vitamin E. Vitamin E-enriched The heated and unheated foods containing the edible portion of the cultured fish contain the heated or unheated portion of the edible portion of the vitamin E-enriched tuna fish, and thus are enriched with vitamin E. It is preferable as a food, and it is presumed that it is a high-quality food with less burnt meat due to the antioxidant power of vitamin E.
Vitamin E-rich farmed fish and their edible parts are rich in vitamin E, so they can be used as feed for livestock such as cows, pigs and birds, feed for other farmed fish, and feed for animals such as pet food. Can be used.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish are bred using a vitamin E-enriched cultivated fish breeding feed containing vitamin E for a certain period of time. It is presumed that it is possible to have good health conditions such as difficulty. As a result, the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish is expected to be a farmed fish that exhibits good growth potential.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Example 1]
(1) Preparation of vitamin E-enriched cultured fish breeding feed Fish meal 35-40% by weight, starch (etherified tapioca starch: hydroxypropyl starch, Nissho Chemical Co., Ltd., G-800) 17-23% by weight, wheat flour 7% by weight , Starch (tapioca acetate starch: Nissho Kagaku Co., Ltd., Z-300) 2% by weight, fish oil 2% by weight, salt 3% by weight, sugar 2.5% by weight, gluten 1% by weight, water residue screwed with extruder The mixture was mixed under the conditions of a rotation speed of 450 rpm, a discharge temperature of 90 ° C., and an outlet pressure of 50 bar (5 MPa) to prepare a composition for outer skin.
59% by weight of fish meal, 36% by weight of fish oil, 1.965% by weight of hydrogenated oil, 2% by weight of vitamins, 1% by weight of minerals, 0.035% by weight of α-tocopherol were mixed at 60 ° C. using an extruder and mixed with the inclusion. did. As the vitamins, those containing 3.03% by weight of vitamin E in terms of α-tocopherol were used.

In order to prepare a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed by combining the composition for the outer skin and the inclusion, it has a double nozzle at the tip and is a biaxial type that rotates in the same direction with a discharge capacity of 1 t / h. An extruder (manufactured by Buhler) was used.
Both the composition for the outer skin and the inner capsule were granulated from the double nozzle at the tip of the extruder, and a vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed in which the inner capsule was covered with the outer skin was obtained by a shutter device. The weight ratio of inclusion: outer skin was 65:35. The α-tocopherol content in the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish feed was 621 ppm.
Then, the compound feed immediately after molding was placed on a conveyor and dried by natural drying in an environment of 30 ° C. to 40 ° C. and a relative humidity of 20% to 50% for 24 hours. By this treatment, a good compound feed with almost no cracks or the like was obtained.
The water content of the outer skin of the obtained vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed was 12 to 17%, and the water activity was less than 0.8. The water content of the inclusions is estimated to be about 4.7% immediately after molding. The water content was measured by Drying Oven DX300 (manufactured by Yamato Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and the water activity was measured by Aquarab CX-3 (manufactured by Milestone General Co., Ltd.).

(2) Breeding Bluefin tuna were cultivated using the produced vitamin E-enriched aquaculture feed.
About 3000 tuna with a body weight of about 16 kg and a body length of about 50 cm were housed in an oval cage with a diameter of 70 m, and breeding was started. The water temperature during the growing period was 13 ° C to 29 ° C. As the feed, the prepared vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed was used, and the feed was usually fed once a day and once every two days in winter. Throughout the test period, feed intake was 30-50% by weight of live food. The breeding was started in March and carried out for one year or more, and after a predetermined period, the amount of α-tocopherol, the weight, the weight of the pyloric pylorus and the degree of obesity were measured or calculated. The amount of vitamin E in the liver is a measured value after 15 months and 17 months, and the amount of vitamin E in other tissues is a measured value in a fish body having a breeding period of 15 months. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

The amount of α-tocopherol and the total amount of tocopherol were measured by the HPLC method after performing the alkali saponification treatment. The total tocopherol amount means the total amount of α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol.
As the measurement sites of tuna, the central dorsal deep part (lean), the central dorsal shallow part (middle toro), the central dorsal keel muscle, the blood line muscle, the eyeball, the liver and the pyloric droop were used. The collection and preparation of each test piece was performed as follows.

FIG. 1 shows the central dorsal deep part (FIG. 1, site A), the central dorsal shallow part (FIG. 1, site B), the central dorsal keel muscle (FIG. 1, site C), and the bloodline muscle (FIG. 1, site D). ) Is shown. In FIG. 1, E indicates the abdominal cavity.
Dorsal fin Kami The head when the dorsal fin is cut vertically from the posterior end of the first dorsal fin toward the middle bone and divided into the head side and the tail side. From the cut surface on the side, sample pieces of the central dorsal deep part (lean), the central dorsal shallow part (middle toro), the central dorsal dorsal skeletal muscle, and the bloody muscle were collected.

As for the eyeballs, the left and right eyeballs (vitreous body) and the optic nerve were taken out and finely chopped into test pieces.
As for the liver, the whole amount of the liver extracted as an internal organ at the time of picking up was finely chopped into test pieces.
As for the pyloric pylorus, only the pyloric pylorus was taken out from the internal organs extracted at the time of picking up, and the whole amount was finely chopped into test pieces.

As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the total fish weight of tuna bred with the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish feed increased from about 16 kg at the start of the test to about 60 kg after about 15 months. rice field. The weight of fish and the degree of obesity were almost the same as those of tuna raised using live food. The weight of the pyloric pylorus is generally about 1.4% for natural tuna, but the weight of the tuna bred with the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish feed is much higher than that of the natural tuna. rice field. From this, it was shown that the tuna bred with the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed is also advantageous for nutrient absorption.

On the other hand, as shown in Table 2, tuna grown using a vitamin E-enriched cultured fish breeding feed has a vitamin E content of more than 2 mg per 100 g in any tissue of fish meat, eyeball, liver and pyorrhea. It was found that vitamin E was accumulated in high concentration. As described above, it is unexpected that each tissue of tuna shows a high accumulation amount of 2 mg or more per 100 g by breeding using vitamin E enriched in the feed, and other fat-soluble vitamins, For example, it was not found in retinol.

As shown in Table 2, the amount of vitamin E accumulated in the tuna cultivated using the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish feed, that is, the vitamin E-enriched fish, was different for each tissue. It was found that in fish meat, the amount of vitamin E accumulated was relatively large in the fatty tuna, the bloody muscle, and the central ventral keel muscle, and in the eyeball, liver, and pylorus as compared with fish meat. The tendency of vitamin E accumulation did not necessarily correlate with the amount of lipids. Thus, it is also unexpected that in vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, the amount of vitamin E accumulated differs depending on the tissue, and that the eyeball, liver and pyloric ptosis have relatively higher accumulation than muscle. rice field. Vitamin E has an effect of preventing the increase of lipid peroxide, an effect of improving metabolic abnormality of the retina, and an effect of promoting blood circulation in peripheral blood vessels. In addition, it can be expected to suppress the collisional death of tuna in a breeding environment.

The vitamin E content, which was 19.8 mg / 100 g in the muscle (Medium Toro) 14 months after the start of breeding, became 2.2 mg / 100 g after switching to live food for 30 days, but it became 2.0 mg / 100 g or less. It didn't happen. When live food was fed for only 30 days during the breeding period, a high accumulation of α-tocopherol was not observed. It turned out to be necessary for the accumulation of.
When I ate the lean meat and fat (medium fatty tuna) used in the measurement as sashimi, it was delicious.

From these facts, it was suggested that the use of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed is expected to grow to the same extent as live food, and that the weight of the pylorus is high and the nutrient absorption is high. Furthermore, in this tuna, vitamin E is accumulated in a high concentration in each tissue, and in particular, the accumulation in the eyeball was confirmed, so that it is expected that the tuna has high immune activity and good visual acuity.
From such vitamin E-enriched farmed fish, fish meat having a high vitamin E content, internal organs such as liver, eyeballs, etc. can be collected as edible parts, and can be provided as a heated or unheated product. The edible portion of vitamin E-enriched farmed fish has high economic value as a delicious food with good preservation and nutritional value due to the action of vitamin E.

[Example 2]
(1) Preparation of vitamin E-enriched cultured fish breeding feed Fish flour 24% by weight, starch (etherified tapioca starch: hydroxypropyl starch, Nissho Chemical Co., Ltd., G-800) 16% by weight, wheat flour 2% by weight, starch (waxie) Corn starch: Nissho Chemical Co., Ltd., Delica SE) 2% by weight, starch (tapiocalic acid cross-linked pregelatinized starch: Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Pine Gold VE) 2% by weight, carboxymethyl cellol 2% by weight, protein (powdered soybean) Tanpaku: Fuji Oil Co., Ltd., New Fujipro SEH) 3% by weight, fish oil 2% by weight, salt 3% by weight, starch 3% by weight, gluten 2% by weight, phosphate 0.5% by weight, water residue, The starch was mixed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a composition for outer skin.
In the internal capsule, each of the following components was mixed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain internal capsule 2-1 and internal capsule 2-2. As the vitamins, those containing 3.03% by weight of vitamin E in terms of α-tocopherol were used.

Inclusion 2-1:
Fish meal 56.211% by weight, fish oil 38% by weight, vitamins 2.7% by weight, hydrogenated oil 1% by weight, minerals 2% by weight, α-tocopherol 0.05% by weight, CoQ10 0.015% by weight, anhydrous iodate 0.024% by weight of calcium.
Inclusion 2-2:
56.25% by weight of fish meal, 38% by weight of fish oil, 2.7% by weight of vitamins, 1% by weight of hydrogenated oil, 2% by weight of minerals, 0.05% by weight of α-tocopherol.

Vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed in which the inner capsule is covered with the outer skin by combining the above composition for outer skin with the inner capsule 2-1 or the inner capsule 2-2 under the same conditions as in Example 1, respectively. 1 or 2-2 was obtained. The weight ratio of inclusion: outer skin was 65:35. The α-tocopherol content in the vitamin E-enriched fish breeding feed was 830 ppm in the vitamin E-enriched fish breeding feed 2-1 and 920 ppm in the vitamin E-enriched fish breeding feed 2-2.

After that, the compound feed immediately after molding is placed on a conveyor and subjected to a drying process by natural drying under the same conditions as in Example 1, that is, in an environment of 30 ° C to 40 ° C and a relative humidity of 20% to 50%. I went there for 24 hours. By this treatment, a good compound feed with almost no cracks or the like was obtained.
The water content of the outer skin of the obtained vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feed was 12 to 17%, and the water activity was less than 0.8. The water content of the inclusions is estimated to be about 4.7% immediately after molding. The water content was measured by Drying Oven DX300 (manufactured by Yamato Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and the water activity was measured by Aquarab CX-3 (manufactured by Milestone General Co., Ltd.).

(2) Breeding Bluefin tuna were bred using the produced vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feeds 2-1 and 2-2.
About 200 tuna with a body weight of about 15 kg and a fork length of about 90 cm were housed in a sea-level oval cage with a diameter of 15 m, and breeding was started. The water temperature during the growing period was 13 ° C to 29 ° C. As the feed, the prepared vitamin E-enriched farmed fish breeding feeds 2-1 and 2-2 were used, and were usually fed once a day and once every two days in winter. Throughout the test period, feed intake was 30-50% by weight of live food. Breeding started in May and has been carried out for over a year. After a predetermined period, the amount, weight, and obesity of α-tocopherol in the superficial part of the central dorsal normal muscle (middle toro) were measured or calculated. The amount of α-tocopherol was measured by the same method as in Example 1. The test piece was collected and prepared by the same method as in Example 1.
The amount of protein in the superficial part of the central dorsal normal muscle (middle toro) was measured by the Kjeldahl method, and the amount of lipid was measured by the Soxhlet extraction method.
The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

As shown in Tables 3 and 4, in the dorsal normal muscle shallow part (middle toro) of other vitamin E-enriched farmed fish raised using the vitamin E-enriched farmed fish feeds 2-1 and 2-2. The accumulated amount of vitamin E exceeded 2 mg per 100 g in both 6-month and 8-month growth.
In this example, feeding is restricted (3-4) due to typhoons and red tides during the period from the start of breeding to 6 months, and low water temperature of 18 ° C or less during the period from 6 to 8 months. Although it was performed once a day), tuna with a high amount of vitamin E accumulated could be obtained. The survival rate of this tuna was over 95%.

Claims (14)

Tuna farmed fish containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of pyloric pylorus. The tuna farmed fish according to claim 1, which is obtained by breeding and managing with a feed containing a compound feed. The tuna farmed fish according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight of the pylorus is 2% or more. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total fish weight is 20 kg or more. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tail fork length is 90 cm or more. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the degree of obesity is 20 or more. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is a tuna of the genus Tuna, Auxis, Mackerel tuna, or Skipjack. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is albacore, bluefin tuna, southern bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, longtail tuna, longtail tuna, or mackerel tuna. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is a tuna whose staple food is fish whose habitat is in the northern hemisphere. The tuna farmed fish according to claim 9, which is albacore, bluefin tuna, southern bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, Atlantic bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, bigeye tuna, longtail tuna, longtail tuna, or mackerel tuna. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein at least one of the parts selected from the group consisting of gills, internal organs, tail and head has been removed. The tuna farmed fish according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the gills and internal organs are removed. The tuna farmed fish according to claim 12, which has a total weight of 17 kg or more. An edible part of farmed tuna fish containing 2 mg or more of vitamin E per 100 g of pyloric drop.

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