JP7027447B2 - 原油から化学製品用の統合された熱分解および水素化分解ユニット - Google Patents
原油から化学製品用の統合された熱分解および水素化分解ユニット Download PDFInfo
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G69/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process
- C10G69/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only
- C10G69/06—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G69/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process
- C10G69/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural parallel stages only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
- C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/22—Higher olefins
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
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Description
Claims (17)
- 炭化水素混合物を転化してオレフィンを生成するための、統合した熱分解および水素化分解プロセスであって:
全原油および軽油を混合して炭化水素混合物を形成し;
炭化水素混合物をヒーター中で加熱して、炭化水素混合物中の炭化水素の一部分を蒸発させ、加熱した炭化水素混合物を形成し;
加熱した炭化水素混合物を、第1のセパレーター中で第1の蒸気画分(fraction)および第1の液体画分に分離し;
スチームを第1の蒸気画分と混合してスチーム-第1の蒸気画分混合物を形成し、スチーム-第1の蒸気画分混合物を過熱して過熱した混合物を形成し、ついで、過熱した混合物を熱分解リアクターの輻射ゾーンの第1の輻射コイルに供給してオレフィンおよびパラフィンの混合物を含む熱分解流出物を生成し;
第1の液体画分またはその一部分および水素を水素化分解リアクターシステムに供給し、第1の液体画分を水素化分解触媒と接触させて第1の液体画分中の炭化水素の一部分を分解し、さらなるオレフィンおよび/またはジエンを含む水素化分解リアクターシステムから流出物を回収し;
流出物中の炭化水素から未反応水素を分離し;
流出物炭化水素を分画して、2以上の炭化水素画分を形成し、そのうちの1つは軽油である
ことを含む、統合した熱分解および水素化分解プロセス。 - 炭化水素混合物を転化してオレフィンを生成するための、統合した熱分解および水素化分解プロセスであって:
全原油および軽油を混合して炭化水素混合物を形成し;
炭化水素混合物をヒーター中で加熱して、炭化水素混合物中の炭化水素の一部分を蒸発させ、加熱した炭化水素混合物を形成し;
加熱した炭化水素混合物を、第1のセパレーター中で第1の蒸気画分および第1の液体画分に分離し;
第1の液体画分を熱分解リアクターの対流ゾーンで加熱して、第1の液体画分中の炭化水素の一部分を蒸発させ、第2の加熱した炭化水素混合物を形成し;
第2の加熱した炭化水素混合物を、第2のセパレーター中で第2の蒸気画分および第2の液体画分に分離し;
スチームを第1の蒸気画分と混合し、得られた混合物を対流ゾーンで過熱し、ついで、過熱した混合物を熱分解リアクターの輻射ゾーンの第1の輻射コイルに供給し;および
スチームを第2の蒸気画分と混合し、得られた混合物を対流ゾーンで過熱し、ついで過熱した混合物を熱分解リアクターの輻射ゾーンの第2の輻射コイルに供給し;
第2の液体画分またはその一部分および水素を水素化分解リアクターシステムに供給し、第2の液体画分を水素化分解触媒と接触させて、第2の液体画分中の炭化水素の一部分を分解し、ついで、水素化分解リアクターシステムから流出物を回収し;
流出物中の炭化水素から未反応水素を分離し;
流出物炭化水素を分画して、軽油および残留物画分を含む2以上の炭化水素画分を形成する
ことを含む、統合した熱分解および水素化分解プロセス。 - 第1の液体画分をスチームと混合することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- スチームを第1のセパレーターに供給することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 第2の液体画分をスチームと混合してスチーム/油混合物を形成し;
スチーム/油混合物を熱分解リアクターの対流ゾーンで加熱して、スチーム/油混合物中の炭化水素の一部分を蒸発させ、第3の加熱した炭化水素混合物を形成し;
第3の加熱した炭化水素混合物を第3のセパレーター中で第3の蒸気画分および第3の液体画分に分離し;
スチームを第3の蒸気画分と混合し、得られた混合物を対流ゾーンで過熱し、ついで、過熱した混合物を熱分解リアクターの輻射ゾーンの第3の輻射コイルに供給する
ことをさらに含む、請求項2に記載のプロセス。 - スチームストリームの一部分を引き出し、その一部分を炭化水素混合物、第1の液体画分、第1の蒸気画分、および第2の液体画分の少なくとも1つと混合するためのスチームとして用い;
スチームストリームの残りの部分を熱分解リアクターの対流ゾーンで過熱し;および
過熱したスチームを第1のセパレーター、第2のセパレーター、および第3のセパレーターの少なくとも1つに供給する
ことをさらに含む、請求項5に記載のプロセス。 - 第3の蒸気画分と混合するためのスチームとして、過熱したスチームの一部分を用いることをさらに含む、請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- 対流ゾーンの煙道ガスの温度は、第1の液体画分を加熱した場合よりも第2の液体画分を加熱した場合の方が高くなる、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 対流ゾーンの煙道ガスの温度は、第2の液体画分を加熱した場合よりも第1、第2および第3の蒸気画分を過熱した場合の方が高くなる、請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 炭化水素混合物が、少なくとも550℃の通常の沸点を有する炭化水素を含む全原油および/または軽油を含む、請求項1記載のプロセス。
- オレフィンおよび/またはジエンを生成するプロセスであって:
全原油を部分的に蒸発させて、液体画分および蒸気画分を形成し;
蒸気画分を過熱し;
過熱した蒸気画分を熱分解して、オレフィンおよびパラフィンの混合物を含む分解した炭化水素流出物を生成し;
液体画分の少なくとも一部分を水素化分解して、さらなるオレフィンおよび/またはジエンを含む水素化分解した炭化水素流出物を生成し;
水素化分解した炭化水素流出物を分離して、軽油画分を含む2以上の炭化水素画分を回収し;ついで
軽油画分を全原油と部分的蒸発ステップの前に混合する
ことを含む、プロセス。 - スチームを蒸気画分と過熱ステップの前に混合することをさらに含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 液体画分を部分的に蒸発させて、第2の液体画分および第2の蒸気画分を形成し;
第2の蒸気画分を過熱し;
過熱した蒸気画分を熱分解して、オレフィンおよびパラフィンの混合物を含む第2の分解した炭化水素流出物を生成し;および
液体画分の少なくとも一部分として、第2の液体画分を水素化分解ステップに供給する
ことをさらに含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。 - スチームを部分的に蒸発した全原油と混合し、その混合物を分離して液体画分および蒸気画分を形成することをさらに含む、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 第1の蒸気画分が約350℃のカットポイントを有する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 第1の蒸気画分が約200℃以下のカットポイントを有し、第2の蒸気画分が約200℃~約350℃の範囲のカットポイントを有する、請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 第1の蒸気画分が約200℃以下のカットポイントを有し、第2の蒸気画分が約200℃~約350℃の範囲のカットポイントを有し、第3の蒸気画分が約500℃以下のカットポイントを有する、請求項5記載のプロセス。
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