JP7012449B2 - Underwater structure and construction method of underwater structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an underwater structure and a method for constructing an underwater structure.

In Japan, the so-called underwater habitat experiment plan, the so-called seat pier plan, has been promoted since the 1960s, and many valuable results have been achieved regarding underwater habitat bases, underwater elevators, decompression chambers, and the like. Research is also underway on technology for constructing residential areas in the sea area using existing reclamation technology.

In connection with this, many techniques related to structures for underwater residence and underwater prospects have been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and Patent Document 5).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-79803 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-249295 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 04-371676 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 04-189909 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 03-10630

However, in the above-mentioned technologies such as underwater habitat, when an event requiring evacuation such as a sudden change in weather or a fire occurs, there is no choice but to install a device at sea to support it, or a diver who supports it. Many issues remain, such as the inability to ensure the safety of rescue workers.

That is, in order to create a seabed space or the like, a structure that can withstand water pressure is required to maintain the closed space. In addition, there are many legal and safety problems in providing a living space completely underwater.

Furthermore, even when the existing reclamation technology is used, the water area and the living space are completely separated by the seawall structure, so it is difficult to recognize this even though the seabed space is used. There is a problem that the environment of the space cannot be fully utilized.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a safer and more open underwater structure and a method for constructing an underwater structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

The underwater structure of the present invention is an annular primary with at least one of concrete and steel that extends above the surface of the water from the bottom of the water and forms a closed space in the water by separating it from the outside world. In order to accommodate water between the structure and the primary structure to form a water layer inside the closed space, the structure is arranged at a predetermined distance from the primary structure. It is characterized by comprising , at least in part, a transparent annular secondary structure.
In addition, "transparent" in the present invention also includes "substantially transparent".

Further, in the underwater structure of the present invention, it is desirable that the bottom surface of the ground located below the closed space is higher than the bottom surface of the water area outside the primary structure in the vertical direction.

Further, in the underwater structure of the present invention, there is provided a water supply / drainage means for guiding water from the water area outside the primary structure to the water layer and circulating the water between the water layer and the water area. Is more desirable.
Further, the underwater structure of the present invention may have a roof structure that is connected to the primary structure and covers the closed space.

In the construction method of the underwater structure of the present invention, a primary structure having an outer peripheral wall shape is constructed in water so as to stand above the water surface from the bottom of the water area and continuously extend in the lateral direction. Water is discharged from the internal closed space surrounded by the primary structure, and the water is erected at a predetermined interval between the primary structure and the closed space side, and is continuously extended in the lateral direction. It is characterized in that a secondary structure having an inner peripheral wall shape and at least partially transparent is constructed, and water is poured between the primary structure and the secondary structure to form an aqueous layer.
Further, the method of constructing an underwater structure of the present invention is a method of constructing an underwater structure capable of accommodating water between a primary structure and a secondary structure, and is a method of constructing an underwater structure in the water area. The first step of constructing the annular primary structure extending above the water surface in water, the second step of discharging the water inside the closed space surrounded by the primary structure, and the first step. After the second step, the inside of the closed space has a third step of constructing an annular secondary structure that is at least partially transparent with a predetermined space from the primary structure. It is characterized by.
Further, in the method for constructing an underwater structure of the present invention, in the first step, the bottom surface of the ground located below the closed space in the vertical direction is larger than the bottom surface of the water area outside the primary structure. The primary structure may be constructed so as to be high.

In the underwater structure and the construction method of the underwater structure of the present invention, a tide embankment-like primary structure is constructed in the water area (including the sea area), water in the primary structure is drained, and a secondary structure is inside the primary structure. By providing the structure, the primary structure receives external forces such as wave force and impact of drifting objects, and the ground on the bottom of the closed section inside the secondary structure is utilized, and the closed space is utilized as a living space, etc. can do.

Further, since the primary structure receives an external force such as a wave force or an impact of a drifting object, the secondary structure can be constructed with a light structure such as glass or an acrylic plate.

Then, water is put between the primary structure and the secondary structure like a seawall to provide a water layer, and this water layer is managed like an aquarium tank, and fish and shellfish can be bred. ..

This makes it possible to see the sky at the same time while being surrounded by a water layer all around, creating an attractive simulated underwater space.

Therefore, according to the underwater structure and the construction method of the underwater structure of the present invention, it is possible to realize an underwater structure that is safer, more open, and has less legal problems than completely underwater.

Further, as compared with the conventional reclamation method, it is possible to preferably produce an underwater sensation. Furthermore, it is more environmentally friendly than the landfill method and can be easily restored to the original water area environment in the future. That is, it is also possible to realize a reversible underwater structure.

It is a figure which shows the underwater structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the underwater structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the construction method of the underwater structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the underwater structure and the construction method of the underwater structure according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the underwater structure A of the present embodiment is erected above the water surface from the bottom of the water area W such as a sea area and is continuously extended in the lateral direction. It is erected at a predetermined distance between the outer peripheral wall-shaped primary structure 1 for forming the closed space H in which water is discharged and the closed space H side of the primary structure 1. It is continuously extended in the lateral direction and is configured to include an inner peripheral wall-shaped secondary structure 3 for forming a water layer 2 between the primary structure 1 and the closed space H side.

The primary structure 1 is a seawall-like structure constructed so as to withstand water pressure, form a closed space H in the water area W, and reliably hold the closed space H. For example, concrete, steel, etc. Is constructed using.

The secondary structure 3 can form a space between the primary structure 1 and the closed space H side, can reliably hold the water layer 2 that stores water in this space, and can reliably hold the secondary structure 3. It is a structure in which at least a part of the water layer 2 is transparent (including substantially transparent) so that the inside of the water layer 2 can be seen from the inside of the structure, and is constructed by using, for example, tempered glass or an acrylic plate (acrylic block). ..

Further, in the underwater structure A of the present embodiment, the primary structure 1 is formed in an annular shape, and the secondary structure 3 is also formed in an annular shape so that the outer surface is along the inner surface of the primary structure 1. ing. As a result, the water layer 2 between the primary structure 1 and the secondary structure 3 is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the inner closed space H.

It is preferable that the bottom surface in the closed space H closed by the primary structure 1 is raised above the water bottom surface in the external water area W. By raising the bottom surface in the closed space H in this way, the durability of the primary structure 1 against water pressure and the like can be increased, and a more stable structure can be obtained.

Further, the bottom surface of the closed space H inside the secondary structure 3 may be further raised. In this case, the secondary structure 3 can be structurally more stable.

Further, the secondary structure 3 may be provided below the water surface of the water area W outside the primary structure 1 or may be provided so as to project upward.

In the underwater structure A of the present embodiment, for example, an intake port, a drain port, and a filter for guiding and circulating water from a water area W such as a sea area outside the primary structure 1 to the water layer 2 as appropriate. , Pumps, purification devices, etc. are provided for water supply and drainage means. In the present embodiment, the water supply / drainage means is provided in the primary structure 1.

In this underwater structure A, the closed space H inside the secondary structure 3 is used as a living space, and the water layer 2 surrounding the living space includes fish, shellfish, etc. that live in the water area W such as the sea area. Is put in, and an environment like a water tank in an aquarium is formed and produced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a roof structure 4 that covers the upper part of the closed space H and partitions the closed space H from the outside is provided, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, other buildings 5 and the like are provided. The structure 6 may be connected and provided. For example, it is provided so as to penetrate a water structure such as a bridge extending from the closed space H to the external water area W above the water surface, or a secondary structure 3 and a primary structure 1 from the closed space H. An underwater structure extending into the water of the external water area W may be provided.

Further, in the case of providing the roof structure 4, by connecting to the primary structure 1 and providing the roof structure 4, it becomes possible to structurally stabilize the primary structure 1. Similarly, by connecting to the secondary structure 3 and providing the roof structure 4, it becomes possible to structurally stabilize the secondary structure 3. Further, the roof structure 4 may be provided between the primary structure 1 and the secondary structure 3.

On the other hand, when constructing the underwater structure A of the present embodiment having the above configuration (in the construction method of the underwater structure of the present embodiment), as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). , The primary structure 1 having an outer peripheral wall shape is constructed in water so as to stand above the water surface from the bottom of the water area W such as a sea area and to extend continuously in the lateral direction. At this time, in the present embodiment, the foundation structure 7 is constructed by driving steel pipe piles (support piles) at predetermined positions in the ground of the water area W in advance (FIG. 3A).

Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, the water inside (closed space H) surrounded by the primary structure 1 is discharged to the external water area W.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 (d) and 3 (e), the secondary structure 3 is constructed with a predetermined space between the primary structure 1 and the closed space H side (FIG. 3). (D)) Water is put between the primary structure 1 and the secondary structure 3 by the water supply / drainage means to form the water layer 2 (FIG. 3 (e)). Thereby, the underwater structure A of the present embodiment can be constructed. A foundation structure (support pile or the like) for supporting the secondary structure 3 may be provided at a predetermined position in the water area W. Further, even if the foundation structure of the secondary structure 3 and the foundation structure of the building / structure provided in the closed space H are constructed in front of the primary structure 1, after the water in the closed space H is discharged. You may build it.

Therefore, in the construction method of the underwater structure A and the underwater structure A of the present embodiment, the primary structure 1 which is an annular tide embankment structure is constructed in the water area W such as the sea area, and the water in the primary structure 1 is constructed. By providing the secondary structure 3 inside the primary structure 1, the primary structure 1 receives an external force such as a wave force or an impact of a drifting object, and the closed space inside the secondary structure 3 is received. H can be retained. As a result, the ground on the bottom surface of the closed space H inside the secondary structure 3 can be utilized, and this closed space H can be used as a living space or the like.

Further, since the primary structure 1 reliably receives an external force such as a wave force or an impact of a drifting object to maintain the closed space H, it is not necessary to require a large yield strength from the secondary structure 3. As a result, the secondary structure 3 can be constructed as a minor structure such as glass or an acrylic plate.

Then, water is put into the space between the primary structure 1 and the secondary structure 3 like a tide embankment to provide a water layer 2, and the water in the water layer 2 is circulated with the outside water to improve the water quality. By doing so, the water layer 2 can be managed like a water tank in an aquarium, and fish and shellfish can be bred.

As a result, the entire circumference of the living space is surrounded by the water layer 2, and the sky can be seen at the same time, making it possible to create an attractive simulated underwater space.

In addition, the living space inside the water layer 2 can be used for various architectural purposes by hanging a roof structure 4 or connecting other box-shaped buildings 5, structures 6, and the like. can.

Therefore, according to the underwater structure A and the construction method of the underwater structure A of the present embodiment, it is possible to realize an underwater structure that is safer, more open, and has less legal problems than completely underwater.

Further, as compared with the reclamation method, it is possible to preferably produce an underwater sensation. Furthermore, it is more environmentally friendly than the landfill method and can be easily restored to the original water area environment in the future. That is, it is also possible to realize a reversible underwater structure.

Although the embodiment of the underwater structure and the method of constructing the underwater structure according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit thereof. Is.

For example, in the present embodiment, the annular primary structure 1 (and the secondary structure 3) is constructed in the water area, but in the present invention, the primary structure 1 is connected to the land and the land is connected. The underwater structure A may be configured by connecting the closed space H and the closed space H.

1 Primary structure 2 Water layer 3 Secondary structure 4 Roof structure 5 Building 6 Structure 7 Basic structure A Underwater structure H Closed space W Water area

Claims (7)

An annular primary structure with at least one of concrete and steel that extends above the surface of the water from the bottom of the water and forms a closed space within the water by separating it from the outside world.
Inside the closed space, in order to accommodate water and form an aqueous layer with the primary structure, it is arranged at a predetermined distance from the primary structure and at least a part thereof. Is a transparent annular secondary structure and
An underwater structure characterized by being equipped with. In the underwater structure according to claim 1,
An underwater structure characterized in that, in the vertical direction, the ground bottom surface located below the closed space is located higher than the water bottom surface of the water area outside the primary structure. In the underwater structure according to claim 1 or 2.
An underwater structure characterized in that a water supply / drainage means for guiding water from a water area outside the primary structure to the water layer and circulating water between the water layer and the water area is provided. In the underwater structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
An underwater structure that is connected to the primary structure and has a roof structure that covers the closed space. A primary structure in the shape of an outer wall was constructed in water so as to stand above the water surface from the bottom of the water area and to extend continuously in the lateral direction.
The water in the internal closed space surrounded by the primary structure is drained, and the water is discharged.
A secondary structure having an inner peripheral wall shape and at least partially transparent so as to be erected at a predetermined interval between the primary structure and the closed space side and continuously extended in the lateral direction. Build and
A method for constructing an underwater structure, which comprises putting water between the primary structure and the secondary structure to form an aqueous layer. It is a construction method of an underwater structure that can accommodate water between a primary structure and a secondary structure.
In the water area, the first step of constructing the annular primary structure extending above the water surface from the water bottom of the water area in the water, and
The second step of discharging the water inside the closed space surrounded by the primary structure, and
After the second step, a third step of constructing an annular secondary structure, which is at least partially transparent, at a predetermined distance from the primary structure inside the closed space.
A method of constructing an underwater structure characterized by having. In the method for constructing an underwater structure according to claim 6,
In the first step, the primary structure is constructed so that the bottom surface of the ground located below the closed space is higher than the bottom surface of the water area outside the primary structure in the vertical direction. A method of constructing an underwater structure, which is characterized by this.

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