JP6997935B2 - Manufacturing method of separator for fuel cell - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of separator for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6997935B2 JP6997935B2 JP2017024294A JP2017024294A JP6997935B2 JP 6997935 B2 JP6997935 B2 JP 6997935B2 JP 2017024294 A JP2017024294 A JP 2017024294A JP 2017024294 A JP2017024294 A JP 2017024294A JP 6997935 B2 JP6997935 B2 JP 6997935B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- separator
- resin
- manufacturing
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
本発明は、燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a separator for a fuel cell.
燃料電池は、水素を電気化学的に酸化するときに発生する水の生成ギブスエネルギーを電気エネルギーとして取り出す装置である。 A fuel cell is a device that extracts the generated Gibbs energy of water generated when hydrogen is electrochemically oxidized as electrical energy.
この種の燃料電池は、一般に、燃料電池セルを複数積層してスタックとし、実用に供される。燃料電池セルは、通常、電解質の一方面に燃料ガスを供給するアノード電極、他方面に酸化剤ガスを供給するカソード電極を接合した電解質電極接合体を、ガス流路、冷媒液流路などが形成された一対のセパレータにより挟持してなる。 In general, this type of fuel cell is put into practical use by stacking a plurality of fuel cell cells to form a stack. A fuel cell usually has an electrolyte electrode junction in which an anode electrode that supplies fuel gas to one side of an electrolyte and a cathode electrode that supplies an oxidizing agent gas to the other side are joined, and a gas flow path, a refrigerant liquid flow path, or the like is used. It is sandwiched by a pair of formed separators.
このような構造を有する燃料電池では、燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとの混合、各ガスまたは冷媒の漏れなどを防止する必要がある。そのため、セパレータと電解質間、セパレータ間など、気密性、液密性が要求される部位には、接着性シール部材が設けられていることが多い。 In a fuel cell having such a structure, it is necessary to prevent mixing of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, leakage of each gas or a refrigerant, and the like. Therefore, an adhesive seal member is often provided at a portion where airtightness and liquidtightness are required, such as between the separator and the electrolyte, and between the separators.
例えば、セパレータの製造方法としては、金属層、被着層との接合部に使用する接着剤としては、エポキシ系などの熱硬化性主成分とする接着剤(特許文献1,2)を用いる方法が発明されている。
エポキシ系接着剤は、硬化させる必要があり、硬化が完了するまで時間を要したことと、硬化の際に、不純物などの影響により硬化不良を起こすことがあり、作業環境など、取扱いに極めて注意する必要があった。
そこで、特許文献3には、接着剤としてオレフィン系の熱可塑性樹脂を含む熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤を用いて、金属層を加熱して接着している。しかしながら、接着力が弱いなどの問題があった。
For example, as a method for manufacturing a separator, a method using an adhesive containing a thermosetting main component such as an epoxy-based adhesive (
Epoxy adhesives need to be cured, and it takes time to complete the curing, and during curing, curing defects may occur due to the effects of impurities, etc., so be extremely careful when handling the work environment. I had to do it.
Therefore, in Patent Document 3, a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive containing an olefin-based thermoplastic resin is used as an adhesive to heat and bond the metal layer. However, there are problems such as weak adhesive strength.
上記課題に鑑み、本発明の目的は、金属層、酸価1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂を含有する熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層の順で積層されてなる積層体と、被着層とを接着して燃料電池用セパレータを製造する方法において、接着工程時に電磁誘導加熱方法を用いることで、短時間での接着および良好な接着力を有する燃料電池用セパレータを得ることである。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to bond an adherend layer to a laminate formed by laminating a metal layer and a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive layer containing a resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g in this order. In the method of manufacturing a separator for a fuel cell, an electromagnetic induction heating method is used during the bonding step to obtain a separator for a fuel cell having adhesion in a short time and good adhesive strength.
本発明者らは、鋭利研究を重ねた結果、課題を解決する燃料電池用セパレータ及び燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法を見出した。 As a result of repeated sharp research, the present inventors have found a fuel cell separator and a method for manufacturing a fuel cell separator that solves the problem.
すなわち、本発明は、金属層、熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層の順で積層されてなる積層体と、被着層とを、接着させる工程を含有する燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法であって、前記工程が電磁誘導加熱により金属層を加熱する工程を含み、かつ前記熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤が、酸価1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 That is, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a separator for a fuel cell, which comprises a step of adhering a laminate formed by laminating a metal layer and a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive layer in this order and an adherend layer. The present invention relates to a method for producing a separator for a fuel cell, wherein the step includes a step of heating a metal layer by electromagnetic induction heating, and the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive contains a resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g. ..
また本発明は、、樹脂が、エチレンと(メタ)アクリル酸との共重合体、および/またはポリオレフィンを含むことを特徴とする前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for producing the separator for a fuel cell, wherein the resin contains a copolymer of ethylene and (meth) acrylic acid and / or a polyolefin.
また本発明は、樹脂が、酸変性スチレン系芳香族炭化水素と、共役ジエンブロックとの共重合体、または、その水添物を含むことを特徴とする前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for producing the separator for a fuel cell, wherein the resin contains a copolymer of an acid-modified styrene-based aromatic hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene block, or a hydrogenated product thereof.
また本発明は、樹脂の融点が、70~250℃であることを特徴とする前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the separator for a fuel cell, which is characterized in that the melting point of the resin is 70 to 250 ° C.
また本発明は、熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤が、25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分を含むがその含量が5重量%未満であることを特徴とする前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for producing the fuel cell separator, wherein the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive contains a component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C., but the content thereof is less than 5% by weight.
また本発明は、被着層が金属層であることを前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a fuel cell separator, wherein the adherend layer is a metal layer.
また本発明は、電磁誘導加熱により金属層を加熱する工程に要する時間が5秒以内であることを特徴とする前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a separator for a fuel cell, which is characterized in that the time required for a step of heating a metal layer by electromagnetic induction heating is within 5 seconds.
また本発明は、前記燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池の製造方法に関する。 The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a fuel cell, which comprises a method for manufacturing the separator for a fuel cell.
上記のように本発明に係る燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法によれば、セパレータの冷却液流路にはカーボンまたは金属層などの導電層の接着時間を短時間で、耐熱性があり、良好な接着を行うことが出来る。 As described above, according to the method for manufacturing a fuel cell separator according to the present invention, the bonding time of a conductive layer such as a carbon or metal layer in the coolant flow path of the separator is short, and the heat resistance is good. Adhesion can be done.
以下、本発明のセパレータの製造方法について説明する。 Hereinafter, the method for producing the separator of the present invention will be described.
[燃料電池の構造]
本発明の燃料電池の構造について、詳細に説明する。図1は、燃料電池セル1の断面図を示す。燃料電池セル1は、発電体18とセパレータ11からなる。発電体18は電解質膜71、アノード層41、カソード層42、ガス拡散層31,32からなり、セパレータ11は、熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層12で接着した金属層13,被着層15及び冷却液流路からなる。
[Fuel cell structure]
The structure of the fuel cell of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the
電解質膜71は、アノード層41で発生した水素イオンをカソード層42まで移動させる機能を有している。電解質膜71の材料には、化学的に安定であるフッ素樹脂樹脂、例えばパーフルオロカーボン酸(ナフィヨン)樹脂膜が使用される。
The
アノード層41、カソード層42は、アノード極側での水素の酸化反応や、カソード極側での酸素の還元反応を促進する機能を有している。触媒は、反応させる電極面積をより大きくするため、一般的に粒子状にして、触媒の担体に付着させて使用される。触媒には、水素の酸化反応や酸素の還元反応について、より小さい活性化過電圧を有する白金族元素である白金等が使用される。触媒の担体としては、カーボン材料、例えば、カーボンブラック等が使用される。
The
ガス拡散層31,32は、燃料ガスである水素ガスなどと、酸化剤ガスである空気などとをアノード層41,カソード層42に拡散させる機能や、電子を移動させる機能などを有している。そして、ガス拡散層31,32には、電導性を有する材料であるカーボン繊維織布、カーボン紙などが使用される。
The
[セパレータ]
本発明のセパレータ11とは、発電体18に積層され、隣接する燃料電池セルにおける燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを分離する機能を有している。セパレータ11は、電気伝導材料で凸凹状に形成された金属層13及び被着層15と接着して形成されている。電気伝導層を凸凹状にすることにより、燃料ガスまたは酸化ガスが流れるガス流路17、19と、エチレングリコールなどが含有される冷却液LLC(long-Life-Coolant)が使用され、流れる冷却液流路14とが、形成される。
[Separator]
The
このような構造を有する燃料電池のセパレータ11は、発電時などに発生する熱を防止する為に冷却液で冷却する必要がある。そのため、セパレータ内を冷却効率を良くし、冷却液を循環させる為に冷却液流路14が形成されており、セパレータ11は金属層13と被着層15を熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層12で接着して出来ている。
The
[金属層]
本発明のセパレータの金属層13は、導電体で耐酸性のあるチタン(Ti)、チタン合金、金(Au)、白金(Pt)、SUS316及びSUS304のステンレス鋼などで形成されることが好ましい。
金属層13の厚さは、好ましくは10~500μm、さらに好ましくは50~300μmである。金属層の厚さが10μm未満であると金属層の疲労などで冷却水が漏れたり、500μm以上であるとセルの重量が重くなり、現実的でない。
[Metal layer]
The
The thickness of the
[被着層]
被着層15は、金属、セラミックス、ポリマーなどからなり、必ずしも導電体である必要なはい。
[Applied layer]
The
[熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層]
本発明の熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層を形成する熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤は、加熱すると溶融状態になり、冷却により固まり被着層と接着する。
(酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂)
熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤は、酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂を含有することを特徴とする。
本発明の酸価とは、遊離脂肪酸1gを中和するのに必要な水酸化カリウムのmg数である。
本発明の熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤に含有される樹脂の酸価は、1~200mgKOH/gであることが特徴であり、さらに好ましくは酸価が1~160mgKOH/gである。樹脂の酸価が1mgKOH/g未満であると金属との接着力が弱く使用できず、酸価が200mgKOH/gよりも大きい場合樹脂が脆くなり、接着しても簡単な衝撃で割れてしまい接着力が大きく低下してしまう。
熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤に含まれる樹脂とは、酸変性オレフィン、(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、酸変性スチレン系芳香族炭化水素と、スチレン-ブチレン-スチレンブロックポリマー(SBS),スチレン-エチレン・プロピレン-スチレンブロックポリマー(SEPS),スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロックポリマー(SIS),スチレン-ブチレン・ブタジエン-スチレンブロックポリマー(SBBS)等の共役ジエンブロックとの共重合体の酸変性物または、その水添物、ロジン系樹脂などが挙げられる。
[Thermoplastic hot melt adhesive layer]
The thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive forming the thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive layer of the present invention is in a molten state when heated, and is solidified by cooling and adheres to the adherend layer.
(Resin with acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g)
The thermoplastic hot melt adhesive is characterized by containing a resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g.
The acid value of the present invention is the number of mg of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 g of free fatty acid.
The acid value of the resin contained in the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive of the present invention is characterized by being 1 to 200 mgKOH / g, and more preferably 1 to 160 mgKOH / g. If the acid value of the resin is less than 1 mgKOH / g, the adhesive strength with the metal is weak and it cannot be used. The force is greatly reduced.
The resins contained in the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive include acid-modified olefins, (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, acid-modified styrene-based aromatic hydrocarbons, styrene-butylene-styrene block polymer (SBS), and styrene-ethylene. An acid-modified product of a copolymer with a conjugated diene block such as propylene-styrene block polymer (SEPS), styrene-isoprene-styrene block polymer (SIS), styrene-butylene butadiene-styrene block polymer (SBBS), or an acid-modified product thereof. Examples include polymer, rosin-based resin, and the like.
(酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂の融点)
本発明の融点とは、JIS K 7121における示差走査熱量測定(DSC:熱流束)に準拠する。
発明の熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤に含有される酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂の融点は70~250℃が好ましく、さらに好ましくは、130~250℃である。樹脂の融点が70℃未満であると耐熱性がなく、高温時剥離し、250℃より高いと低温で接着強度が低下し低温で剥離することがある。
(Melting point of resin with acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g)
The melting point of the present invention is based on the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC: heat flux) in JIS K 7121.
The melting point of the resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g contained in the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive of the present invention is preferably 70 to 250 ° C, more preferably 130 to 250 ° C. If the melting point of the resin is less than 70 ° C, it has no heat resistance and peels off at a high temperature, and if it is higher than 250 ° C, the adhesive strength decreases at a low temperature and may peel off at a low temperature.
(酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂の25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分)
酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂は、25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分を含むがその含量が5重量%未満であることが好ましい。さらに好ましくは2重量%未満である。25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分を含むがその含量が5重量%以上であると酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂の融点が70℃以上であっても70℃未満で軟化する成分が含まれる為高温で接着力が低下して剥離することがある。酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂に25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分を含まないことが良いのであるが、25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分を含んでいても、その含有量が5重量%未満の場合には、強固に接着される。5重量%以上含有している場合は、接着力が低下する。
(A component of a resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g that is soluble in xylene at 25 ° C)
The resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g contains a component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C., but the content thereof is preferably less than 5% by weight. More preferably, it is less than 2% by weight. A component that contains a component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C but softens at less than 70 ° C even if the melting point of the resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g is 70 ° C or higher when the content is 5% by weight or more. Since it is contained, the adhesive strength may decrease at high temperatures and peel off. It is preferable that the resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g does not contain a component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C. However, even if a resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g contains a component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C, the content is 5 If it is less than% by weight, it is firmly adhered. If it is contained in an amount of 5% by weight or more, the adhesive strength is lowered.
(その他の樹脂)
本発明の熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤は、上記酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂以外にその他の樹脂を併用することできる。熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤は、熱可塑性ポリマー、粘着付与剤、ワックスなど単独または混合することによって得られる。熱可塑性ポリマーは、ABS、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、アクリル、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ-1-ブテン、ポリイソブチレン、ポリメチルペンテン、プロピレン-エチレン共重合体、エチレン-プロピレン-ジエン共重合体、エチレン/ブテン-1共重合体、エチレン/オクテン共重合体などのポリオレフィン、シクロペンタジエンとエチレン及び/又はプロピレンとの共重合体などの環状ポリオレフィン、エチレン/酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)、エチレン/アクリル酸エチル共重合体(EEA)、イソブチレン/無水マレイン酸共重合体などの極性基が導入されたポリオレフィン、無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン、マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン、アクリル酸変性ポリプロピレン、スチレン系エラストマーなどが挙げられる。粘着付与剤としては、特に限定されないがフェノール樹脂、変性フェノール樹脂、テルペンフェノール樹脂、キシレンフェノール樹脂、シクロペンタジエン-フェノール樹脂、キシレン樹脂、脂肪族系、脂環族系、芳香族系等の石油樹脂、水素添加された脂肪族系、脂環族系、芳香族系等の石油樹脂、フェノール-変性石油樹脂、ロジンエステル樹脂、水素添加されたロジンエステル樹脂、低分子量ポリスチレン系樹脂、テルペン樹脂、水素添加されたテルペン樹脂などの粘着付与樹脂などが挙げられる。ワックスとは、カルナバワックス、キャンデリアワックス、モンタンワックス、パラフィンワックス、マイクロワックス、フィッシャートロプシュワックス、ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス、これらのワックスの酸化物、エチレンーアクリル酸共重合体、エチレンーメタクリル酸共重合体などが挙げられる。
(Other resins)
In the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive of the present invention, other resins can be used in combination with the above resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g. Thermoplastic hot melt adhesives are obtained by themselves or by mixing thermoplastic polymers, tackifiers, waxes and the like. Thermoplastic polymers include ABS, polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, acrylic, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-1-butene, polyisobutylene, polymethylpentene, propylene-ethylene copolymer, and ethylene-propylene-diene co-weight. Combined, ethylene / butene-1 copolymers, polyolefins such as ethylene / octene copolymers, cyclic polyolefins such as cyclopentadiene with ethylene and / or propylene copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), Polycone introduced with polar groups such as ethylene / ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene, maleic acid-modified polypropylene, acrylic acid-modified polypropylene, styrene-based elastomer, etc. Can be mentioned. The tackifier is not particularly limited, but is a petroleum resin such as a phenol resin, a modified phenol resin, a terpene phenol resin, a xylene phenol resin, a cyclopentadiene-phenol resin, a xylene resin, an aliphatic type, an alicyclic group type, or an aromatic type. , Hydrogenated aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic petroleum resins, phenol-modified petroleum resins, rosin ester resins, hydrogenated rosin ester resins, low molecular weight polystyrene resins, terpene resins, hydrogen Examples thereof include a tackifier resin such as added terpene resin. Waxes include carnauba wax, canderia wax, montan wax, paraffin wax, microwax, fisher tropus wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, oxides of these waxes, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and ethylene-methacrylic acid. Examples include polymers.
(添加剤)
本発明の熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤には、添加剤として、必要により各種のものが使用可能である。例えば、ブロッキング防止剤、無機フィラー、酸化防止剤、充填剤、難燃剤、可塑剤、帯電防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤や重金属不活性化剤などである。
(Additive)
As the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive of the present invention, various additives can be used as needed. For example, antiblocking agents, inorganic fillers, antioxidants, fillers, flame retardants, plasticizers, antistatic agents, light stabilizers, UV absorbers and heavy metal deactivating agents.
無機フィラーとしては、金属、金属酸化物及び金属水酸化物など粒子、繊維状などが挙げられる。具体的には、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、珪酸カルシウム、チタン酸カルシウム、ホウ酸アルミニウム繊維、フレーク状ガラス、タルク、カオリン、マイカ、ハイドロタルサイト、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、リン酸一水素カルシウム、ワラストナイト、シリカ、ゼオライト、アルミナ、ベーマイト、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、酸化ケイ素、酸化マグネシウム、珪酸カルシウム、アルミナ珪酸ナトリウム、珪酸マグネシウム、カーボンナノチーブ、グラファイト、銅、銀、アルミニウム、ニッケル、鉄、フッ化カルシウム、雲母、モンモリナイト、アパタイトなどが挙げられる。
酸化防止剤としては、高分子量ヒンダード多価フェノール、トリアジン誘導体、高分子量ヒンダード・フェノール、ジアルキル・フェノール・スルフィド、2,2-メチレン-ビス-(4-メチル-6-第三-ブチルフェノール)、4,4-メチレン-ビス-(2,6-ジ-第三-ブチルフェノール)、2,6-ジ-第三-ブチルフェノール-p-クレゾール、2,5-ジ-第三-ブチルヒドロキノン、2,2,4-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロキノン、2,2,4-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロキノン、ジブチル・ジチオカルバミン酸ニッケル、1-オキシ-3-メチル-4-イソプロピルベンゼン、4,4-ブチリデンビス-(3-メチル-6-第三-ブチルフェノール)、2-メルカプトベンゾイミダゾールなどが挙げられる。
Examples of the inorganic filler include particles such as metals, metal oxides and metal hydroxides, and fibrous materials. Specifically, glass fiber, carbon fiber, calcium silicate, calcium titanate, aluminum borate fiber, flake-like glass, talc, kaolin, mica, hydrotalcite, calcium carbonate, zinc carbonate, zinc oxide, monohydrogen phosphate. Calcium, Wallastnite, Silica, Zeolite, Alumina, Boehmite, Aluminum Hydroxide, Titanium Oxide, Silicon Oxide, Magnesium Oxide, Calcium Silica, Alumina Sodium Silate, Magnesium Silica, Carbon Nanochieve, Graphite, Copper, Silver, Aluminum, Nickel , Iron, calcium fluoride, mica, montmorillonite, apatite and the like.
Antioxidants include high molecular weight hindered polyhydric phenol, triazine derivative, high molecular weight hindered phenol, dialkyl phenol sulfide, 2,2-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-3-butylphenol), 4 , 4-Methyl-bis- (2,6-di-third-butylphenol), 2,6-di-third-butylphenol-p-cresol, 2,5-di-3-butylhydroquinone, 2,2 , 4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinone, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinone, nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 1-oxy-3-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, 4,4- Examples thereof include butylidenebis- (3-methyl-6-3-butylphenol), 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole and the like.
充填剤としては、湿式シリカ、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、モンモリロナイト、マイカ、スメクタイト、有機化モンモリロナイト、有機化マイカ、有機化スメクタイト等が挙げられる。 Examples of the filler include wet silica, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, montmorillonite, mica, smectite, organic montmorillonite, organic mica, and organic smectite.
難燃剤としては、燐含有化合物系難燃剤、ハロゲン含有化合物系難燃剤、スルホン酸金属塩系難燃剤、珪素含有化合物系難燃剤等が挙げられる。
可塑剤としては、フタル酸エステル系可塑剤、ポリエステル系可塑剤、脂肪族二塩基酸エステル系可塑剤、脂肪族一塩基酸エステル系可塑剤、リン酸エステル系可塑剤、クエン酸エステル系可塑剤、エポキシ系可塑剤、トリメリット酸エステル系可塑剤、テトラヒドロフタル酸エステル系可塑剤、グリコール系可塑剤、及びビスフェノールAアルキレンオキサイド誘導体などが挙げられる。
帯電防止剤としては、プラスチックの帯電防止剤として汎用されているものでよく、具体的には、非イオン界面活性剤(例えば、多価アルコールの脂肪酸エステル、アルキルアミンのエチレンオキサイド付加物、及びアルキルアミンのエチレンオキサイド付加物の脂肪酸エステルなど)、陰イオン界面活性剤(例えば、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩など)、陽イオン界面活性剤(例えば、脂肪族アミン塩、4級アンモニウム塩など)、両性界面活性剤(例えばイミダゾリン型、ベタイン型など)が挙げられる。
Examples of the flame retardant include a phosphorus-containing compound-based flame retardant, a halogen-containing compound-based flame retardant, a sulfonic acid metal salt-based flame retardant, and a silicon-containing compound-based flame retardant.
Examples of the plasticizer include phthalate ester plasticizer, polyester plasticizer, aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizer, aliphatic monobasic acid ester plasticizer, phosphoric acid ester plasticizer, and citric acid ester plasticizer. , Epoxy-based plasticizers, trimellitic acid ester-based plasticizers, tetrahydrophthalate ester-based plasticizers, glycol-based plasticizers, bisphenol A alkylene oxide derivatives and the like.
The antistatic agent may be one that is widely used as an antistatic agent for plastics, and specifically, a nonionic surfactant (for example, a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ethylene oxide adduct of an alkylamine, and an alkyl). Aminium ethylene oxide adduct fatty acid esters, etc.), anionic surfactants (eg, alkylbenzene sulfonates, higher alcohol sulfates, etc.), cationic surfactants (eg, aliphatic amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts). Etc.), amphoteric surfactants (eg, imidazoline type, betaine type, etc.).
光安定剤としては、ヒンダードアミン系化合物及びベンゾエイト系化合物などが挙げられる。
紫外線吸収剤としては、ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤、トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤などが挙げられる。
重金属不活性化剤としては、サリチル酸誘導体、ヒドラジド誘導体又はシュウ酸アミド誘導体などが挙げられる。
Examples of the light stabilizer include hindered amine compounds and benzoate compounds.
Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include a benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber, a triazine-based ultraviolet absorber, and a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber.
Examples of the heavy metal inactivating agent include salicylic acid derivatives, hydrazide derivatives, oxalic acid amide derivatives and the like.
上記添加剤は、1種を単独で、又は必要に応じて任意の比率で2種以上混合して用いることができる。 The above additives can be used alone or in admixture of two or more at any ratio as required.
[電磁誘導加熱]
本発明の電磁誘導加熱とは、電磁誘導加熱装置のコイルに高周波の交流電流を流すことにより交流磁界を発生させて、磁界中の導電物質の内部に渦電流を発生させて、この渦電流に基づくジュール熱で導電物質を発熱させる加熱方法である。コイルに流す交流の周波数を高くする程磁界の変化が速くなり、それに基づく渦電流が大きくなって、加熱時間を短くすることが出来る。コイルは、例えばソレノイド型コイルであり、必ずしも円筒形である必要はなく、内部に鉄心、フェライトなどの磁性体を備えても良い。
加熱方法としては、加熱する金属層または、被着層の上又は下にコイルに電流を印加して加熱しても、コイル内にセパレータを入れてコイルに電流を印加して加熱しても良い。
[Electromagnetic induction heating]
In the electromagnetic induction heating of the present invention, an alternating current is generated by passing a high-frequency alternating current through the coil of the electromagnetic induction heating device, and an eddy current is generated inside the conductive material in the magnetic field to generate this eddy current. This is a heating method in which a conductive material is heated by the eddy current heat based on the eddy current. The higher the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the coil, the faster the change in the magnetic field, the larger the eddy current based on it, and the shorter the heating time. The coil is, for example, a solenoid type coil, and does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, and may be provided with a magnetic material such as an iron core or ferrite inside.
As a heating method, the coil may be heated by applying an electric current above or below the metal layer or the adherend layer to be heated, or a separator may be inserted in the coil and the electric current may be applied to the coil to heat the coil. ..
[セパレータの製造方法]
本発明のセパレータの製造方法は、被着層15に熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤を付着させ、金属層13で挟み込む。例えば、ディスペンサーの塗布又は予め熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤をフィルムにして、被着層15と金属層13を挟み込んでも貼り合せても良い。次に電磁誘導加熱装置により加熱可能な程度に、金属層13及び被着層15を積層して、好ましくは5秒以内で電磁誘導加熱装置のコイルに電流を流し、金属層13及び/または被着層15を加熱させ熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤を溶融させる。電磁誘導加熱装置の電流が切れて加熱が終了しても、金属層13及び被着層15が冷えるまで待ち熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤が冷えてから接着させる。
[Manufacturing method of separator]
In the method for producing a separator of the present invention, a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive is attached to an
以下に、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明はこれによって限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
<酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂Aの合成例>
重量平均分子量(以下Mwと略す)10,000のポリプロピレン100部に無水マレイン酸20部及びキシレン375部を窒素吹き込み口、温度計、攪拌機を備えた1リットルも3口フラスコに仕込み、窒素還流下130℃に昇温後、0.1部の過酸化ベンゾイルを40部のキシレンに溶解し、90分間滴下する。滴下後130℃で4時間反応させた後、60分間室温まで冷却する。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、キシレンを除去した後メチルエチルケトンで洗浄を2~3回繰り返し、メチルエチルケトン中に無水マレイン酸及び無水マレイン酸単独反応物が液体クロマトグラフィーによって殆ど認められなくなるまで洗浄を続ける。得られた無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン樹脂のパウダーを風乾して得た。
<酸価が1~200mgKOHの樹脂BからGの合成例>
Mwがそれぞれ7,000、20,000、50,000、100,000、200,000及び300,000であるポリプロピレンを用いて、<酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂Aの合成例>と同様の方法で、原料のポリプロピレンのMwが、7,000、20,000、50,000、100,000、200,000及び300,000である無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン樹脂(樹脂B~G)をえた。
<Synthesis example of resin A having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g>
20 parts of maleic anhydride and 375 parts of xylene are charged in 100 parts of polypropylene having a weight average molecular weight (hereinafter abbreviated as Mw) of 10,000 in a 3-port flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet, a thermometer, and a stirrer, and under nitrogen reflux. After raising the temperature to 130 ° C., 0.1 part of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 40 parts of xylene and added dropwise for 90 minutes. After dropping, the mixture is reacted at 130 ° C. for 4 hours and then cooled to room temperature for 60 minutes. The obtained suspension was filtered, xylene was removed, and then washing with methyl ethyl ketone was repeated 2-3 times, and washing was performed until maleic anhydride and maleic anhydride alone reaction product were hardly observed in the methyl ethyl ketone by liquid chromatography. continue. The obtained powder of maleic anhydride-modified propylene resin was air-dried to obtain it.
<Example of synthesis of resin B to G having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH>
Using polypropylene having Mw of 7,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 200,000 and 300,000, respectively, with <Synthesis example of resin A having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g>. In the same manner, the maleic anhydride-modified propylene resin (resins B to G) having Mw of the raw material polypropylene of 7,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 200,000 and 300,000 is prepared. Yeah.
<酸価が1~200mgKOHの樹脂H>
エチレン-アクリル酸共重合体であるダウ・ケミカル社製プリマコール5980Iを用いた。
<酸価が1~200mgKOHの樹脂I>
酸変性スチレン系芳香族炭化水素と、共役ジエンブロックとの共重合体の水添物が、旭化成社製タフテックM1953(スチレン含有量40重量%、酸価10mgKOH/g)を用いた。
<酸価が1~200mgKOHの樹脂J>
酸変性スチレン系芳香族炭化水素と、共役ジエンブロックとの共重合体が、クレイトン・ポリマー社製クレイトンFG1901X(スチレン含有量28重量%、無水マレイン酸付加量2.0重量%、酸価22mgKOH/g)を用いた。
<樹脂K>
ポリプロピレンである日本ポリエチレン社製ノバテックLD LC600Aを用いた。酸価:1mgKOH/g未満。
<樹脂L>
スチレン-アクリル酸樹脂である星光PMC社製VS-1047を用いた。酸価:240mgKOH/g。
<Resin H with an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH>
Primacol 5980I manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd., which is an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, was used.
<Resin I with an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH>
As a hydrogenated product of a copolymer of an acid-modified styrene-based aromatic hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene block, Tough Tech M1953 (styrene content 40% by weight, acid value 10 mgKOH / g) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. was used.
<Resin J with an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH>
The copolymer of acid-modified styrene-based aromatic hydrocarbon and conjugated diene block is Kraton FG1901X manufactured by Kraton Polymer Co., Ltd. (styrene content 28% by weight, maleic anhydride added 2.0% by weight, acid value 22 mgKOH / g) was used.
<Resin K>
Novatec LD LC600A manufactured by Japan Polyethylene Corporation, which is polypropylene, was used. Acid value: less than 1 mgKOH / g.
<Resin L>
VS-1047 manufactured by Seiko PMC Corporation, which is a styrene-acrylic acid resin, was used. Acid value: 240 mgKOH / g.
<熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤樹脂(1)、(2),(4)~(7)の製造方法>
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂は、上記樹脂を酸価が1未満及び/又は200mg以上の樹脂とポリプロピレンA(日本ポリプロ社製FL02A)を混合して、押し出し機によりブレンドして、製造した。
<熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤(3)、(8)~(10)>
熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤(3)及び(8)~(10)は、樹脂B,H,I,Jをそのまま使用した。
<Manufacturing method of thermoplastic hot melt adhesive resin (1), (2), (4) to (7)>
The thermoplastic resin of the present invention was produced by mixing the above resin with a resin having an acid value of less than 1 and / or 200 mg or more and polypropylene A (FL02A manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation) and blending them with an extruder.
<Thermoplastic hot melt adhesive (3), (8)-(10)>
As the thermoplastic hot melt adhesives (3) and (8) to (10), the resins B, H, I and J were used as they were.
<25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分の測定方法>
酸価が1~200mgKOH/gの樹脂中の25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分は以下の方法で算出した。樹脂ペレットを約50重量倍のキシレンを用いて130℃にて3時間加熱して溶解した後、25℃で一晩放冷して晶析物を析出させた。晶析物をろ過して、ろ液を回収し、濃縮乾固した。さらに、80℃にて一晩減圧乾燥して残留溶媒を除去し、25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分を得た。樹脂ペレットと25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分の重量から、25℃のキシレンに可溶な成分の重量%を算出した。
樹脂H,I,Jは、トルエンに可能である為測定が出来なかった。
<Measuring method of components soluble in xylene at 25 ° C>
The component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C. in the resin having an acid value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g was calculated by the following method. The resin pellets were melted by heating at 130 ° C. for 3 hours using about 50 times by weight of xylene, and then allowed to cool overnight at 25 ° C. to precipitate crystallized products. The crystallization was filtered, the filtrate was collected, and concentrated to dryness. Further, it was dried under reduced pressure overnight at 80 ° C. to remove the residual solvent, and a component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C. was obtained. From the weight of the resin pellet and the component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C., the weight% of the component soluble in xylene at 25 ° C. was calculated.
The resins H, I, and J could not be measured because they could be made of toluene.
<製膜方法>
押出しラミネーターを用いて、表2-1、2-2に示す熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤を、離型処理したPETフィルム(厚み:25μm)に、膜厚を変えて積層し、巻取部で巻取り、熱可塑性接着層を作製した。
以下に加工条件を示した。
押出しラミネーター:ムサシノキカイ製400M/MテストEXTラミネーター
ダイ直下樹脂温度:140~240℃(樹脂のMFR等により適宜調整した)
加工速度:30m/分
Tダイ幅:400mm
冷却ロール表面温度:20℃
<Film formation method>
Using an extruded laminator, the thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive shown in Tables 2-1 and 2-2 was laminated on a release-treated PET film (thickness: 25 μm) with different film thicknesses, and wound at the winding section. A thermoplastic adhesive layer was prepared.
The processing conditions are shown below.
Extruded laminator: 400M / M test made by Musashinokikai Resin temperature directly under the EXT laminator die: 140-240 ° C (adjusted appropriately by resin MFR etc.)
Processing speed: 30 m / min T die width: 400 mm
Cooling roll surface temperature: 20 ° C
<接着構造物の製造方法>
本発明のセパレータの製造方法の性能を評価するため、下記の製造方法により接着構造物を作成し、評価を行った。用いた熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤の組成および評価結果を表1-1、1-2および表2-1、2-2に示す。
<Manufacturing method of adhesive structure>
In order to evaluate the performance of the separator manufacturing method of the present invention, an adhesive structure was prepared by the following manufacturing method and evaluated. The composition and evaluation results of the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive used are shown in Tables 1-1 and 1-2 and Tables 2-1 and 2-2.
金属層(100μmアルミ板)、熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層(膜厚:20~500μm)、被着層(100μmアルミ板)を積層し、入力電圧:100V、消費電力:550Wの電磁誘導加熱装置により1~5秒加熱し、熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤を軟化させ、加熱を終了することにより、電磁誘導加熱装置で圧着させて熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤を冷却・固化させ、接着構造物が得られる。 An electromagnetic induction heating device in which a metal layer (100 μm aluminum plate), a thermoplastic hot melt adhesive layer (thickness: 20 to 500 μm), and an adherend layer (100 μm aluminum plate) are laminated, and an input voltage: 100 V and a power consumption: 550 W. The thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive is softened by heating for 1 to 5 seconds, and when the heating is completed, the thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive is pressure-bonded by an electromagnetic induction heating device to cool and solidify the thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive, and an adhesive structure is obtained. Be done.
<接着力>
接着構造物を、引張試験機を用いて、T剥離強度を測定した。測定条件は、下記の通りである。
・サンプル巾:10mm
・測定温度:23℃、80℃
・引張速度:10mm/min
評価結果は、80N/10mm以上を〇、80N/10mm未満を×とした。
<Adhesive strength>
The T peel strength of the bonded structure was measured using a tensile tester. The measurement conditions are as follows.
・ Sample width: 10 mm
-Measurement temperature: 23 ° C, 80 ° C
・ Tensile speed: 10 mm / min
The evaluation results were 0 for 80N / 10mm or more and x for less than 80N / 10mm.
<温水後接着力>
接着構造物を80℃の温水に96時間を浸漬した後接着構造物を、引張試験機を用いて、T剥離強度を測定した。測定条件は、下記の通りである。
・サンプル巾:10mm
・測定温度:23℃
・引張速度:10mm/min
評価結果は、100N/10mm以上:◎、80N/10mm以上:〇、20N/10mm未満:△、20N/10mm未満:×とした。〇及び◎を合格とした。
<Adhesive strength after warm water>
After immersing the adhesive structure in warm water at 80 ° C. for 96 hours, the T peel strength of the adhesive structure was measured using a tensile tester. The measurement conditions are as follows.
・ Sample width: 10 mm
・ Measurement temperature: 23 ° C
・ Tensile speed: 10 mm / min
The evaluation results were 100 N / 10 mm or more: ⊚, 80 N / 10 mm or more: 〇, 20 N / 10 mm or less: Δ, 20 N / 10 mm or less: ×. 〇 and ◎ were accepted.
(比較例1,2)
比較例1に酸価1mgKOH/gのポリプロピレン樹脂、比較例2に酸価240mgKOH/gのスチレン-アクリル酸樹脂を用いて、評価した結果示す。いずれの比較例も接着力が低かった。
(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
The results of evaluation are shown in Comparative Example 1 using a polypropylene resin having an acid value of 1 mgKOH / g and Comparative Example 2 using a styrene-acrylic acid resin having an acid value of 240 mgKOH / g. The adhesive strength was low in all the comparative examples.
(比較例3)
比較例3には、接着性樹脂(1)を用いて、ヒートシール(250℃)でサンプルを作製し、評価した。接着力は接着力が低かった。
(Comparative Example 3)
In Comparative Example 3, an adhesive resin (1) was used, and a sample was prepared by heat sealing (250 ° C.) and evaluated. The adhesive strength was low.
本発明のセパレータの製造方法を用いることで短時間で接着し、接着強度(常温及び80℃)、温水後接着強度があるセパレータおよびそれを用いた燃料電池が得られる。 By using the method for producing a separator of the present invention, a separator having adhesive strength (normal temperature and 80 ° C.) and adhesive strength after warm water and a fuel cell using the same can be obtained by adhering in a short time.
1 燃料電池セル、11 セパレータ、12 熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤層、
13 金属層、14 冷却液流路、15 被着層、17,19ガス流路、
18 発電体、41 アノード層、42 カソード層、31,32 ガス拡散層、
71 電解質膜
1 fuel cell, 11 separator, 12 thermoplastic hot melt adhesive layer,
13 metal layer, 14 coolant flow path, 15 adherend layer, 17,19 gas flow path,
18 power generator, 41 anode layer, 42 cathode layer, 31, 32 gas diffusion layer,
71 Electrolyte membrane
Claims (8)
A method for manufacturing a fuel cell, which comprises the method for manufacturing a separator for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Citations (4)
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JP2004197012A (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-15 | Saiden Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Polyamide resin based hot melt adhesive composition for electromagnetic induction heating |
JP2005347256A (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | Ei Du Pont Canada Co | New sealant for electrochemical battery component |
JP2011213767A (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Adhesive sealing member |
JP2013187036A (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Device and method for manufacturing member for fuel cell |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2004197012A (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-15 | Saiden Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Polyamide resin based hot melt adhesive composition for electromagnetic induction heating |
JP2005347256A (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | Ei Du Pont Canada Co | New sealant for electrochemical battery component |
JP2011213767A (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Adhesive sealing member |
JP2013187036A (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Device and method for manufacturing member for fuel cell |
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