JP6976327B2 - 化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Xはメチル基であり;
Y’は水素原子またはフェニル基であり;
pは0乃至25の整数であり、qは0乃至25の整数であって、ただし、p+qは5乃至25の整数であり;
Rは水素原子、アセチル、ベンゾイル、テカノイル、パルミトイル、メチルまたはエチル基であり;
MはNa、K、またはLiであり;
Zは水素原子、メチルまたはフェニル基である。
W−M’は
PADはD,L−ポリ乳酸、D−ポリ乳酸、ポリマンデル酸、D,L−乳酸とグリコール酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とマンデル酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体およびD,L−乳酸と1,4−ジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体から構成されたグループより選択されるものであり;
Rは水素原子、アセチル、ベンゾイル、テカノイル、パルミトイル、メチルまたはエチル基であり;Mは独立にNa、K、またはLiである。
Sは
PADはD,L−ポリ乳酸、D−ポリ乳酸、ポリマンデル酸、D,L−乳酸とグリコール酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とマンデル酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体、およびD,L−乳酸と1,4−ジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体からなる群より選択されるものである。
R’は−PAD−O−C(O)−CH2CH2−C(O)−OMであり、
ここでPADはD,L−ポリ乳酸、D−ポリ乳酸、ポリマンデル酸、D,L−乳酸とグリコール酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とマンデル酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体、D,L−乳酸と1,4−ジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体から構成されたグループより選択されるものであり、MはNa、K、またはLiであり;
aは1乃至4の整数である。
XおよびX’は独立に水素、炭素数が1〜10であるアルキルまたは炭素数が6〜20であるアリールであり;
YおよびZは独立にNa、K、またはLiであり;
mおよびnは独立に0乃至95の整数であって、5<m+n<100であり;
aおよびbは独立に1乃至6の整数であり;
Rは−(CH2)k−、炭素数が2〜10である2価アルケニル(divalent alkenyl)、炭素数が6〜20である2価アリール(divalent aryl)またはこれらの組み合わせであり、ここでkは0乃至10の整数である。
パクリタキセル450mg、mPEG−ポリ(D,L−ラクチド)7600mg、ポリ乳酸ナトリウム塩1642mgを称量して丸いフラスコに入れてジクロロメタン(Dichloromethane)少量に完全に溶解した後、回転蒸発器を利用して40℃の温度で溶媒を完全に除去した。ここに精製水を加えて完全に溶解して滅菌濾過し、薬物濃度が20mg/mlになるようにした後、凍結乾燥して高分子ナノ粒子を製造した。
水溶性造影剤としてパミレイ250(Pamiray 250、商品名、DONGKOOK製薬社製)に前記実施例1で製造したパクリタキセル高分子ナノ粒子を溶解してパクリタキセル濃度が20mg/mlになるようにした。製造された溶液を37℃の温度で200RPMで攪拌しながら時間経過による薬物の沈澱量を定量して薬物の溶解度変化を確認した。試験液は500μlずつ分注し、0、0.5、1、2、3、4および8時間後に試験液を濾過(Millex HV、PVDF、0.22μm)して濾過液中のナノ粒子に含まれている薬物濃度をHPLCで測定した。HPLC測定条件を下表1に示した。
前記パクリタキセルナノ粒子溶液の37℃の温度保管後の薬物沈澱量変化を図1に示し、調製後37℃の温度で2時間まで薬物の溶解度は約20mg/mlに維持されたことを確認した。
前記実施例2の溶液と水不溶性造影剤としてリピオドール(商品名)を体積比が1:4になるようにそれぞれ注射器に満たした後、3−ウェイストップコックを利用して50回以上ポンピングしてエマルジョンを製造した。
前記製造されたエマルジョンの安定性を評価するために25℃で時間により光学顕微鏡で観察して液滴の大きさ変化を観察した。その結果、製造直後10乃至30μmの大きさで均質な液滴が形成されることを確認することができた。
4.1 動物モデルの製作
Sprague Dawley ratを開腹して肝左葉を暴露させた後、1x107個のN1−S1 rat hepatoma tumor cell(ソウル大学病院)を接種して肝癌動物モデルを製作した。12日後にMRIを施行して腫瘍の形成の有無を確認し、腫瘍の大きさを測定した。
前記実施例4.1で製造されたラットの頸動脈を剥離し、糸で縛って止血を予防した後、24G medicutを利用して頸動脈を穿刺した。以降、微細ガイドワイヤー(microguidewire)と微細カテーテル(microcatheter)を順次に挿入した。蛍光透視法(fluoroscopy)誘導下に腹部大動脈血管照影術を施行した後、肝動脈に前記実施例3のエマルジョンを投与し、対照薬としてドキソルビシンを水性造影剤でパミレイ250(商品名)に20mg/mlの濃度に溶解し、これをリピオドールと1:4(パミレイ:リピオドール)の体積比に混合した液と、パクリタキセルを水不溶性造影剤としてリピオドール(商品名)に溶解したものを同一容量投与した。以降、コンピュータ断層撮影と磁気共鳴画像でリピオドールが腫瘍内部に沈着したことを確認し、モデルラットの頸動脈を通じてカテーテルを挿入した後に化学塞栓術を施行した。
実施例4.2の塞栓術実施1週、2週および3週以降に磁気共鳴(magnetic resonance)を利用して癌組織の大きさ変化を測定し、その結果を図3に示した。図3に示したように、パクリタキセル高分子ナノ粒子を水性造影剤および油性造影剤を利用したエマルジョンで投与する場合、ドキソルビシンエマルジョンに比べて癌組織の大きさが増加しないことを確認した。
実施例2で製造されたパクリタキセル高分子ナノ粒子エマルジョンおよび比較例としてドキソルビシンエマルジョンおよびパクリタキセル溶液でTACE実施後7日にバイオプシーを実施して正常肝潮職と癌組織を分離した。分離された組織をヘマトキシリンおよびエオシン染色して生存腫瘍比率を確認してその結果を図4に示した。
肝毒性の有無を確認するためにパクリタキセル高分子ナノ粒子エマルジョン、ドキソルビシンエマルジョンおよびパクリタキセル溶液にTACE実施前、実施後1日、3、7日に採血してASTおよびALTを測定した。
Claims (13)
- 活性成分として水溶性抗癌剤、水不溶性抗癌剤またはこれらの組み合わせ、および親水性(A)ブロックおよび疎水性(B)ブロックを含む両親媒性ブロック共重合体を含む高分子ナノ粒子;
水溶性造影剤;および、
水不溶性造影剤を含む、化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物であって、
前記水溶性抗癌剤は、ドキソルビシン、イダルビシン、エピルビシン、マイトマイシンCおよびイリノテカンからなる群より選択された1以上であるか、前記水不溶性抗癌剤は、パクリタキセルおよびドセタキセルからなる群より選択された1以上のものであり、
前記親水性(A)ブロックは、ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアクリールアミド、およびその誘導体から構成された群より選択された1種以上のものであり、前記疎水性(B)ブロックは、ポリエステル、ポリアンハイドライド、ポリアミノ酸、ポリオルトエステル、およびポリフォスファゼンから構成された群より選択される1種以上のものであり、
前記水溶性造影剤は、イオパミドール(iopamidol)であり、前記水不溶性造影剤は、ケシの実由来のヨード化油、大豆由来のヨード化油およびエチオドール(ethiodol)からなる群より選択された1以上のものである、化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。 - 前記水不溶性抗癌剤は、パクリタキセルである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記親水性(A)ブロックは、モノメトキシポリエチレングリコール、モノアセトキシポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレンとプロピレングリコールの共重合体、およびポリビニルピロリドンから構成された群より選択された1種以上のものであり、
前記疎水性(B)ブロックは、ポリラクチド、ポリグリコライド、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリジオキサン−2−オン、ポリラクチドとグリコライドの共重合体、ポリラクチドとポリジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体、ポリラクチドとポリカプロラクトンの共重合体およびポリグリコライドとポリカプロラクトンの共重合体から構成された群より選択される1種以上のものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。 - 前記親水性(A)ブロックまたは疎水性(B)ブロックの数平均分子量が500乃至50,000Daであるものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記親水性(A)ブロックと疎水性(B)ブロックの重量比が2:8乃至8:2であるものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記高分子ナノ粒子がカルボン酸末端基を含有するポリ乳酸誘導体を追加的に含むものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記カルボン酸末端基を含有するポリ乳酸誘導体が化学式1乃至6の化合物からなる群より選択される1以上であるものである、請求項6に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物:
Aは−COO−CHZ−であり;
Bは−COO−CHY−、−COO−CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2−または−COO−CH2CH2OCH2であり;
Rは水素原子、アセチル、ベンゾイル、テカノイル、パルミトイル、メチル、またはエチル基であり;
ZとYは、それぞれ水素原子、メチルまたはフェニル基であり;
MはNa、K、またはLiであり;nは1乃至30の整数であり;mは0乃至20の整数である。
Xはメチル基であり;
Y’は水素原子またはフェニル基であり;
pは0乃至25の整数であり、qは0乃至25の整数であって、ただし、p+qは5乃至25の整数であり;
Rは水素原子、アセチル、ベンゾイル、テカノイル、パルミトイル、メチルまたはエチル基であり;
MはNa、K、またはLiであり;
Zは水素原子、メチルまたはフェニル基である。
W−M’は
PADはD,L−ポリ乳酸、D−ポリ乳酸、ポリマンデル酸、D,L−乳酸とグリコール酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とマンデル酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体およびD,L−乳酸と1,4−ジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体から構成されたグループより選択されるものであり;
Rは水素原子、アセチル、ベンゾイル、テカノイル、パルミトイル、メチルまたはエチル基であり;
Mは独立にNa、K、またはLiである。
Sは
PADはD,L−ポリ乳酸、D−ポリ乳酸、ポリマンデル酸、D,L−乳酸とグリコール酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とマンデル酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体、およびD,L−乳酸と1,4−ジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体からなる群より選択されるものである。
ここでPADはD,L−ポリ乳酸、D−ポリ乳酸、ポリマンデル酸、D,L−乳酸とグリコール酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とマンデル酸の共重合体、D,L−乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体、D,L−乳酸と1,4−ジオキサン−2−オンの共重合体から構成されたグループより選択されるものであり、MはNa、K、またはLiであり;aは1乃至4の整数である。
XおよびX’は独立に水素、炭素数が1〜10であるアルキルまたは炭素数が6〜20であるアリールであり;
YおよびZは独立にNa、K、またはLiであり;
mおよびnは独立に0乃至95の整数であって、5<m+n<100であり;
aおよびbは独立に1乃至6の整数であり;
Rは−(CH2)k−、炭素数が2乃至10である2価アルケニル(divalent alkenyl)、炭素数が6乃至20である2価アリール(divalent aryl)またはこれらの組み合わせであり、ここでkは0乃至10の整数である。 - 前記ポリ乳酸誘導体のカルボキシ末端基が2価または3価金属イオンで固定されたものである、請求項7に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記2価または3価金属イオンが、カルシウム(Ca2+)、マグネシウム(Mg2+)、バリウム(Ba2+)、クロム(Cr3+)、鉄(Fe3+)、マンガン(Mn2+)、ニッケル(Ni2+)、銅(Cu2+)、亜鉛(Zn2+)およびアルミニウム(Al3+)からなるグループより選択されるものである、請求項8に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記水溶性造影剤または水不溶性造影剤の粘度は、それぞれ37℃で10乃至40mPaであるものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記全体エマルジョン組成物基準に抗癌剤の濃度が1乃至40mg/mlになるように高分子ナノ粒子が水溶性造影剤中に溶解されているものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記高分子ナノ粒子が溶解されている水溶性造影剤と水不溶性造影剤の体積比が1:2乃至1:10であるものである、請求項11に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
- 前記エマルジョン組成物の粘度が37℃で20乃至50mPaであるものである、請求項1に記載の化学塞栓用エマルジョン組成物。
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