JP6975856B2 - Driving support device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a driving support device.

In recent years, parking support devices that automate the parking of vehicles have been put into practical use for the purpose of reducing driver's operation and preventing accidents. Specifically, the parking support device calculates a route from the current position to the target parking position, steers and accelerates / decelerates on behalf of the driver, and automatically travels on the route to park. In addition to this, the parking assistance device detects obstacles around the vehicle and automatically stops or decelerates the vehicle if it determines that the vehicle may collide with the obstacle while parking. It has a function.

On the other hand, when leaving the parking lot, when an obstacle such as another parked vehicle or a structure of a building is close to the side of the own vehicle and the driver leaves the vehicle while turning by steering himself / herself. If the steering angle and steering start position are not appropriate, the side surface of the vehicle body of the own vehicle may come into contact with or collide with an obstacle due to the difference between the inner and outer wheels of the vehicle. Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a driving support device that assists in avoiding a collision with the side surface of a vehicle when the vehicle is turning.
According to Patent Document 1, the driving support device synthesizes a bird's-eye view image from images taken by cameras installed at a plurality of positions of the vehicle, and further calculates a locus of a vehicle corner according to a steering angle. Is superimposed on the bird's-eye view image.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-66616

In the device described in Patent Document 1, it is not determined whether or not the vehicle collides with an obstacle when the vehicle is discharged, and the driving support is insufficient.

The driving support device according to the present invention is a driving support device that assists the driver in the operation of leaving the vehicle, and is located around the vehicle based on the input information from the outside world sensor that detects an obstacle in the outside world of the vehicle. The outside world when traveling on the outside world recognition unit that recognizes the existing obstacle, the route calculation unit that calculates the travel route based on the current steering angle of the vehicle, and the travel route calculated by the route calculation unit. a determination section for determining whether or not impinge on recognized the obstacle recognition unit, when it is determined that impinges on the obstacle by the determination unit, and a notification unit that notifies the driver, the When the vehicle is in the forward direction, the determination unit is on the side of the inner ring side of the vehicle at a future position along the travel route, and when the vehicle is in the backward direction, the future along the travel route. A search area having a size corresponding to the size of the steering angle is set on the side of the outer ring side of the vehicle at the position, and it is determined that the vehicle collides when the obstacle exists in the search area.

According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately provide driving support when the vehicle is delivered.

It is a system block diagram of the driving support device in 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which provided the search area on the inner ring side of a vehicle. It is the figure which provided the search area on the outer ring side of a vehicle. It is a flowchart which shows the collision determination operation in the collision determination part. It is a system block diagram of the driving support device in 2nd Embodiment. It is a system block diagram of the driving support device in 3rd Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the driving support device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The driving support device 1 includes a driving support control unit 100, an external sensor 200, a vehicle sensor 300, an in-vehicle network 400, 401, a human-machine interface (hereinafter referred to as HMI) 500, a power steering 601, a transmission 602, an engine 603, and a brake. 604 is provided.

The driving support control unit 100 includes an outside world recognition unit 110, a route calculation unit 120, a collision determination unit 130, and a vehicle position estimation unit 140.
The outside world recognition unit 110 recognizes a space in which the vehicle can park and obstacles around the vehicle by using the information input from the outside world sensor 200 described later. Further, the outside world recognition unit 110 stores the information input from the outside world sensor 200 in the obstacle map 111 which is a memory in the outside world recognition unit 110.

The route calculation unit 120 calculates a circular orbit having a turning radius corresponding to the current steering angle value input from the steering angle sensor 302 of the vehicle sensor 300.
The collision determination unit 130 assumes that the vehicle has traveled on the circular orbit using the information on obstacles around the vehicle input from the outside world recognition unit 110 and the information on the circular orbit input from the route calculation unit 120. In some cases, it is determined whether or not the vehicle collides with an obstacle.

The own vehicle position estimation unit 140 uses the wheel speed input from the wheel speed sensor 301 of the vehicle sensor 300 and the steering angle input from the steering angle sensor 302 to use the own vehicle position coordinates and yaw angle of the own vehicle. Calculate the position information.
The outside world sensor 200 detects the space, obstacles, and road surface markings in the outside world of the vehicle, and outputs the detected information to the outside world recognition unit 110. Specifically, it is composed of a camera, sonar, radar, or a combination thereof, but the type is not limited in this embodiment.

Depending on the type of the external world sensor 200, the external world sensor 200 and the external world recognition unit 110 may be connected via the in-vehicle network 400 described later or may be directly connected via a dedicated interface. The form does not limit the connection form.
The vehicle sensor 300 is a general term for various sensors that detect the state of the vehicle, and in the configuration of the present embodiment, at least the wheel speed sensor 301 that detects the wheel speed of the vehicle and the steering angle sensor that detects the steering angle of the vehicle. Includes 302.

The in-vehicle network 400 is a network that connects the driving support control unit 100, the vehicle sensor 300, and the outside world sensor 200. The in-vehicle network 401 is a network that connects the driving support control unit 100 and a control unit (not shown) that controls the power steering 601, the transmission 602, the engine 603, the brake 604, and the like. Communication is possible between the components connected to the vehicle-mounted networks 400 and 401. The in-vehicle networks 400 and 401 comply with the CAN (Controller Area Network) standard, but do not necessarily have to comply with the standard.

The HMI 500 includes an operation unit 501, a display unit 502, and a speaker 503, and a driver or a passenger performs settings related to driving support and instructions for starting and ending driving support via the operation unit 501. In addition, notification information to the driver is received from other components, the content is displayed on the display unit 502 with characters or pictograms, and the speaker 503 notifies the driver with an alarm sound, voice guidance, and the like.
The operation unit 501 may be a form using a physical switch arranged near the driver's seat or a form in which the operation unit 501 is operated by touching the touch panel superimposed on the display unit 502 with a finger. The form is not limited.

FIG. 2 is a diagram in which a search area is provided on the inner ring side of the vehicle 700. Prior to the explanation of the delivery support operation of the driving support device 1, the outline of the delivery support in the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle 700 is located at the current position 701 just before the start of delivery. Then, assuming that the vehicle 700 turns to the left while advancing along the travel path 702 generated from the current steering angle, the vehicle 700 is predicted to be located at the future position 703. The search area 704 is set on the inner ring side of the vehicle 700'at the future position 703. The search area 704 is a rectangular area defined by the distance d from the travel path 702 and the vehicle length p. In the present embodiment, if there is an obstacle 705 in the vicinity of the outer ring side of the vehicle 700', the vehicle 700'is not determined to collide with the obstacle 705. On the other hand, when the obstacle 706 is in the search area 704, it is determined that the vehicle 700'collides with the obstacle 706. That is, when the obstacle 706 is within a predetermined distance d from the traveling route 702 calculated by the route calculation unit 120, it is determined that the obstacle 706 collides with the obstacle 706.

In FIG. 2, the case where the search area 704 is set on the side of the inner ring side of the vehicle 700'has been described, but when the vehicle 700 is reversing, the search area 704 is set on the side of the outer ring side of the vehicle 700'. This case will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle 700 is located at the current position 701 just before the start of delivery. Then, assuming that the vehicle 700 turns while reversing along the travel path 702 generated from the current steering angle, the vehicle 700 is predicted to be located at the future position 703. The search area 704 is set on the side of the outer ring side of the vehicle 700'at the future position 703. The search area 704 is a rectangular area defined by the distance d from the travel path 702 and the vehicle length p. In the present embodiment, if there is an obstacle 707 in the vicinity of the inner ring side of the vehicle 700', the vehicle 700'is not determined to collide with the obstacle 707. On the other hand, when the obstacle 708 is in the search area 704, it is determined that the vehicle 700'collides with the obstacle 708. That is, when the obstacle 708 is within a predetermined distance d from the traveling route 702 calculated by the route calculation unit 120, it is determined that the obstacle 708 collides with the obstacle 708.

Next, the delivery support operation of the operation support device 1 in the first embodiment will be described.
When the driver uses the HMI 500 to instruct the start of delivery support, the outside world recognition unit 110 operates the outside world sensor 200 to search for obstacles around the vehicle. When the outside world sensor 200 detects an obstacle, it outputs the coordinate value of the obstacle to the outside world recognition unit 110. Here, the coordinate value is a value in the relative coordinate system based on the position of the own vehicle.

The outside world recognition unit 110 acquires the current vehicle position from the vehicle position estimation unit 140, and converts the coordinate value of the obstacle into, for example, a value in the absolute coordinate system based on the vehicle position when the engine is started. , Register in the obstacle map 111. Such an operation of the outside world recognition unit 110 is periodically executed.

In parallel with the operation of the outside world recognition unit 110, the route calculation unit 120 acquires the current steering angle value output by the steering angle sensor 302 via the in-vehicle network 400, and obtains the turning radius of the vehicle from the steering angle value. calculate. Next, the route calculation unit 120 calculates the circular orbit having the calculated turning radius as the route information and outputs it to the collision determination unit 130. When the steering angle is 0, the route calculation unit 120 outputs the straight trajectory as the route information to the collision determination unit 130. Such an operation of the route calculation unit 120 is periodically executed.

The collision determination unit 130 performs a collision determination operation each time the route information is input from the route calculation unit 120. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a collision determination operation in the collision determination unit 130. The program shown in this flowchart can be executed by a computer equipped with a CPU, a memory, and the like. All processing or some processing may be realized by a hard logic circuit. Further, this program can be previously stored and provided in the storage medium of the driving support device 1. Alternatively, the program may be stored and provided in an independent storage medium, or the program may be recorded and stored in the storage medium of the driving support device 1 by a network line. It may be supplied as a computer-readable computer program product in various forms such as a data signal (carrier wave).

Hereinafter, the operation of the collision determination unit 130 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
In the process 800 of FIG. 4, the collision determination unit 130 determines whether the input from the route calculation unit 120 is a circular orbit or a straight orbit. If it is determined to be a circular orbit, the process proceeds to process 801.
In the process 801 the variable N described later is set to the initial value 1. Here, the variable N is an integer from 1 to a predetermined upper limit value. After that, the process proceeds to process 802.

In the process 802, the mileage calculated by N × sample interval is obtained. The sample interval is an interval for calculating the mileage. After that, the process proceeds to process 803.
In the process 803, when the route input from the route calculation unit 120 is a circular orbit, the collision determination unit 130 uses the information of the circular orbit to determine the position where the own vehicle is predicted to reach in the future (hereinafter referred to as the future position). ) Is calculated. The future position is the position when the vehicle travels a mileage calculated by N × sample interval along a circular orbit. After that, the process proceeds to process 804.

In the process 804, the collision determination unit 130 sets the search area 704 on the side of the own vehicle at the future position. The search area 704 is set to the side of the inner ring side as shown in FIG. 2 if the current traveling direction acquired by the collision determination unit 130 from the transmission 602 via the vehicle-mounted network 401 is forward. On the other hand, if the current traveling direction is backward, it is set to the side of the outer ring side as shown in FIG. This is because the side surface of the vehicle body on the inner ring side protrudes from the circular orbit when turning while moving forward, and the side surface of the vehicle body on the outer ring side protrudes from the circular orbit when turning while moving backward.

Further, it is desirable that the size of the search area 704 increases as the steering angle increases. This is because when the steering angle is large, it is necessary to detect an obstacle on the side of the own vehicle which is farther away, but the farther the distance is, the larger the measurement error of the external world sensor 200 becomes, for example, the obstacle is actually. This is because there is a high possibility that the vehicle will be recognized as being farther away and it will be erroneously determined that it does not collide where it should be determined to collide.

As an example of the search area, consider a search area 704 within a distance d of the side surface on the inner ring side of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 2 when the vehicle moves forward and turns to the left. The distance d is a value obtained by multiplying the moving distance of the front end on the inner ring side when moving forward and turning by a coefficient determined from the error characteristics of the external world sensor 200. Hereinafter, the calculation method of the distance d will be described.

Assuming that the wheelbase of the vehicle is Lw, the radius R of the circular orbit, which is the locus of the center of the rear wheel axle when turning at the actual steering angle ψ, is approximated by the following equation (1).
R = Lw / tanψ (1)
Further, the turning angle θ when turning and traveling by a distance L along a circular orbit having a radius R is obtained by the following equation (2).
θ = L / R (2)

Further, assuming that the front overhang of the vehicle is Lf and the total width is Wv, the moving distance D of the front end on the inner ring side of the vehicle is obtained by the following equation (3).
D = sqrt [{(R-Wv / 2) cosθ- (Lf + Lw) sinθ-(R-Wv / 2)} ^ 2 + {(R-Wv / 2) sinθ + (Lf + Lw) cosθ-( Lf + Lw)} ^ 2] (3)

Assuming that the coefficient determined from the error characteristics of the external sensor 200 is r, the distance d can be obtained by the following equation (4).
d = r * D (4)

Next, the process proceeds to process 805. In the process 805, the collision determination unit 130 searches for an obstacle existing in the search area 704 with reference to the obstacle map 111. Next, the process proceeds to process 806.
In the process 806, it is determined whether or not an obstacle exists in the search area 704. If there is an obstacle, the side of the vehicle may collide with the obstacle in the future position. The position where the collision occurs at the future position is defined as the collision position. If there is no obstacle in the search area 704, the process proceeds to process 807.

In process 807, 1 is added to the variable N. Then, in the next process 808, it is determined whether the variable N has reached a predetermined upper limit value, and if the variable N is not the upper limit value, the process returns to the process 802. In this way, the collision determination unit 130 repeatedly executes the operations from the process 802 to the process 805 while adding one to the variable N until the collision position is obtained or the variable N reaches the upper limit value.

If it is determined in the process 806 that an obstacle exists in the search area 704, the process proceeds to the process 809. In the process 809, whether or not the own vehicle is traveling is determined based on the wheel speed input from the wheel speed sensor 301. If the vehicle is running, the process proceeds to process 810.
In the process 810, the collision determination unit 130 obtains, as a collision determination result, the time required to reach the collision position when traveling at the current vehicle speed input from the wheel speed sensor 301, and outputs this to the HMI 500.

In the determination of process 809, if the vehicle is not running, that is, if the vehicle is stopped, the process proceeds to process 811.
In the process 811, the collision determination unit 130 obtains the distance from the current position to the collision position as the collision determination result, and outputs this to the HMI 500.

Further, when it is determined in the process 800 that the trajectory is straight, or when it is determined in the process 808 that the variable N exceeds the upper limit value, it means that the collision position does not exist and there is no possibility of collision. The indicated identification information is output to the HMI 500.
The collision determination unit 130 executes the collision determination operation shown in FIG. 4 each time the route information is input from the route calculation unit 120. However, regarding the operation of outputting the collision determination result to the HMI 500, if the collision determination result is the same as the value output to the HMI 500 last time, this operation may be omitted.

Upon receiving the mileage to the collision position or the time to reach the collision position from the collision determination unit 130, the HMI 500 determines which of the predefined notification levels the values correspond to. The driver is notified according to the corresponding notification level. For example, when displaying a word or a pictogram on the display unit 502, it is conceivable to display the word or pictogram in a color or brightness that gives a stronger stimulus to the driver as the notification level becomes higher. Further, when the notification sound is emitted from the speaker 503, it is conceivable that the higher the notification level, the louder the volume or the shorter the ringing interval. Further, if the received mileage or time value is sufficiently large, the notification to the driver by the HMI 500 may be stopped. In this way, when the collision determination unit 130 determines that the vehicle collides with an obstacle, the remaining distance and time until the collision is calculated, and the HMI 500 determines the remaining distance and the length of time until the collision. , Change at least one of the presence / absence of notification and the notification level.

When the HMI 500 receives a collision determination result corresponding to a different notification level during notification, the HMI 500 changes the notification level. Further, when the HMI 500 receives the identification information indicating that there is no possibility of collision during the notification, the notification is stopped.

According to the first embodiment described above, when the driver himself / herself has a possibility of colliding with an obstacle on the side of the own vehicle due to turning, the driving support device is used by the driver. Since the notification is made to the driver, it becomes easy for the driver to intuitively understand whether or not there is a possibility of a collision, and a quick avoidance operation becomes possible. In addition, when the driver operates the steering wheel while the vehicle is stopped, the driving support device determines the collision according to the steering angle, and activates and stops the notification according to the result. Therefore, the driver has a lateral obstacle. It makes it easier to understand how far you can turn the steering wheel to start without colliding with an object.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of the driving support device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. It differs from the first embodiment in that the collision avoidance determination unit 150 is added to the driving support control unit 100.

In the present embodiment, the collision determination unit 130 outputs the distance from the current position to the collision position to the collision avoidance determination unit 150 regardless of whether the own vehicle is running or stopped. When the mileage from the collision determination unit 130 to the collision position is input, the collision avoidance determination unit 150 stops at a predetermined deceleration from the current vehicle speed using the current vehicle speed acquired from the wheel speed sensor 301 through the in-vehicle network 400. Calculate the remaining distance to the end.

Then, the collision avoidance determination unit 150 determines that if the mileage to the collision position is longer than the remaining distance, it is possible to avoid a collision with an obstacle only by stopping by the brake, and the HMI 500 is notified at a low notification level. To instruct.
On the other hand, if the mileage to the collision position is shorter than the remaining distance, the collision avoidance determination unit 150 determines that it is impossible to avoid the collision only by stopping by the brake, and in order to avoid it, it is necessary to return the handle to the neutral position. Therefore, the HMI 500 is instructed to perform notification at a high notification level. The criterion for changing the notification level is whether or not the remaining distance is a distance that can avoid a collision without returning the steering angle only when the vehicle is stopped.

According to the second embodiment, when there is a possibility of colliding with an obstacle near the own vehicle due to turning when the driver himself / herself operates the garage, the notification level is set according to the operation necessary for avoidance. Since the notification is changed, the driver can surely take an appropriate avoidance action.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram of the driving support device 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The point that the steering control unit 160 is added to the driving support control unit 100 is different from the first embodiment.

When the mileage to the collision position or the time to reach the collision position is input from the collision determination unit 130, the steering control unit 160 will carry out the vehicle in the future if the steering angle is the current value or larger. It is determined that an obstacle collides with the side, and the steering force of the steering wheel is controlled so as to suppress the turning of the steering wheel. At this time, the steering control unit 160 controls the steering force of the steering wheel by outputting a predetermined instruction to the power steering 601.

Upon receiving the instruction from the steering control unit 160, the power steering 601 detects the torque in the direction when the driver tries to turn the steering wheel more, and applies the torque in the opposite direction to the steering wheel. As a result, even if the driver tries to turn the steering wheel more, the driver must apply a large force to turn the steering wheel, and the turning of the steering wheel is suppressed.

The collision determination unit 130 determines whether or not the driver will collide with the obstacle again when the driver returns the steering angle after the HMI 500 notifies the driver of the collision with the obstacle, and determines that the collision does not occur. In that case, the HMI 500 stops the notification.

According to the third embodiment, when there is a possibility of collision with an obstacle near the own vehicle due to the turning when the driver himself / herself operates the warehousing, the steering wheel does not turn in the turning direction, so that the driver does not. It becomes easier to notice the possibility of a collision, and it is possible to prevent the operation of accidentally turning the steering wheel in a direction closer to an obstacle.

According to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A driving support device 1 that assists the driver in the operation of leaving the vehicle, and the driving support device 1 is located around the vehicle based on the input information from the outside world sensor that detects an obstacle in the outside world of the vehicle. The outside world recognition unit 110 that recognizes existing obstacles, the route calculation unit 120 that calculates the travel route based on the current steering angle of the vehicle, and the outside world recognition unit 120 when traveling on the travel route calculated by the route calculation unit 120. A collision determination unit 130 for determining whether or not to collide with an obstacle recognized by 110 is provided. As a result, it is possible to appropriately provide driving support when the vehicle is discharged.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and other embodiments considered within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention as long as the features of the present invention are not impaired. ..

1 Driving support device 100 Driving support control unit 110 External world recognition unit 120 Route calculation unit 130 Collision determination unit 140 Own vehicle position estimation unit 150 Collision avoidance determination unit 160 Steering control unit 200 External world sensor 300 Vehicle sensor 301 Wheel speed sensor 302 Steering angle sensor 400, 401 In-vehicle network 500 HMI
501 Operation unit 502 Display unit 503 Speaker 601 Power steering 602 Transmission 603 Engine 604 Brake

Claims (9)

It is a driving support device that assists the driver in the operation of leaving the vehicle.
Based on the input information from the outside world sensor that detects obstacles in the outside world of the vehicle, the outside world recognition unit that recognizes the obstacles existing around the vehicle and the outside world recognition unit.
A route calculation unit that calculates a travel route based on the current steering angle of the vehicle,
A determination unit that determines whether or not the vehicle collides with the obstacle recognized by the outside world recognition unit when the vehicle travels on the travel route calculated by the route calculation unit.
When the determination unit determines that the vehicle collides with the obstacle, the determination unit is provided with a notification unit for notifying the driver.
When the vehicle is in the forward direction, the determination unit is along the inner ring side of the vehicle at a future position along the travel route, and when the vehicle is in the backward direction, the determination unit is along the travel route. A driving support device that sets a search area having a size corresponding to the size of the steering angle on the side of the outer ring side of the vehicle at a future position, and determines that a collision occurs when the obstacle exists in the search area. .. In the driving support device according to claim 1,
The search area is a driving support device which is a rectangular area defined by the distance from the traveling route and the length of the vehicle. In the driving support device according to claim 1,
The traveling path is a driving support device which is a circular orbit having a turning radius calculated from the current steering angle. In the driving support device according to claim 1,
When the determination unit determines that the vehicle collides with the obstacle, the determination unit calculates the remaining distance until the collision occurs, and the notification unit calculates the presence / absence of notification and at least one of the notification levels according to the length of the remaining distance. Driving support device that changes. In the driving support device according to claim 4,
The notification unit, wherein the reference changing the notification level, the driving support device wherein the remaining distance and whether only one collision avoidable distance without returning the steering angle stop. In the driving support device according to claim 1,
When the determination unit determines that the vehicle collides with the obstacle, the determination unit calculates the time until the collision occurs, and the notification unit determines at least one of the presence / absence of notification and the notification level according to the time until the collision. Driving support device to change. The driving support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
The determination unit, after the notification unit has notified the collision to the obstacle to the driver, when the driver returns the steering angle, and determines whether or not collide again the obstacle, When it is determined that there is no collision, the notification unit is a driving support device that stops the notification. The driving support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Equipped with a steering force control unit that controls the steering force of the steering wheel
The steering force control unit is a driving support device that controls the steering force so as to suppress the turning of the steering wheel when the determination unit determines that the determination unit collides with the obstacle. The driving support device according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
The notification unit is a driving support device that changes a display color or a warning sound according to the notification level.

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