JP6963384B2 - Swing type crusher and crushing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a swinging crusher and a crushing method.

Conventionally, swing-type crushers for crushing objects to be crushed such as stones, waste materials, and massive furnace slags have been known. Patent Document 1 discloses this type of rocking crusher. The swing-type crusher of Patent Document 1 is configured to include fixed teeth and movable teeth. The fixed teeth are fixedly provided on the swing type crusher. The movable tooth is provided so as to be swingable and forms a crushing chamber between the movable tooth and the fixed tooth. With this configuration, the fixed tooth and the movable tooth act on the crushing object in the crushing chamber, so that the crushing object is crushed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-160145

However, in the configuration of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, no special measures have been taken against the case where the temperature becomes excessively high in the portion where the object to be crushed is crushed. If the temperature becomes too high in the part where the object to be crushed is crushed, the performance of the fixed teeth and movable teeth will be adversely affected, and heat will be transferred to the members around the fixed teeth and movable teeth, which will adversely affect the performance and life. There was room for improvement in that it could reach.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to enable some measures to be taken when the temperature of a portion where a crushed object is crushed becomes excessively high. ..

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and next, the means for solving this problem and its effect will be described.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a swinging crusher having the following configuration is provided. That is, this swing type crusher includes a first tooth, a second tooth, a temperature detection unit, an actuator, and a control unit. The second tooth is provided so as to be swingable and forms a crushing chamber between the second tooth and the first tooth. The temperature detection unit determines the temperature of the portion of the first tooth or the second tooth that acts on the crushing object put into the crushing chamber, or the temperature of the crushing object put into the crushing chamber. To detect. The actuator can change the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth. The control unit controls the actuator so as to increase the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth when the detection result of the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

This makes it possible for the temperature detection unit to detect the temperature rise in the portion where the object to be crushed is crushed and take some measures. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crushing from being continued under a high temperature and the temperature further rising, which adversely affects the performance of the first tooth and the second tooth. In addition, it is possible to prevent heat from being transferred to the members around the first tooth and the second tooth, which adversely affects the performance and life. When the crushing chamber becomes hot, the discharge of the crushed object can be automatically promoted to prevent the temperature from rising further.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the following crushing method is provided. That is, this crushing method is a method of crushing an object to be crushed by a swinging crusher including a first tooth, a second tooth, and a temperature detecting unit. The second tooth is provided so as to be swingable and forms a crushing chamber between the second tooth and the first tooth. The temperature detection unit determines the temperature of the portion of the first tooth or the second tooth that acts on the crushing object put into the crushing chamber, or the temperature of the crushing object put into the crushing chamber. To detect. When the detection result of the temperature detection unit is lower than the predetermined temperature, the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth is maintained at a predetermined distance or narrowed so as to approach the predetermined distance. When the detection result of the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth is wider than the predetermined distance.

As a result, when the temperature of the member constituting the crushing chamber or the crushing object put into the crushing chamber is maintained at an appropriate temperature, the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth is suitable for crushing. And crushing can be performed continuously. On the other hand, when the temperature of the crushing chamber is excessively high, the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth can be widened to promote the discharge of the crushed object, and the crushing chamber becomes hotter than that. It is possible to avoid the situation where it becomes.

According to the present invention, when the temperature of the portion where the object to be crushed is crushed becomes excessively high, some measures can be taken.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view showing an overall configuration of a jaw crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention. Front view of Joe Crusher. The side schematic which shows the structure around the dog and the displacement sensor of the interdental adjustment mechanism of a jaw crusher in detail. Schematic diagram of the arrangement configuration of the displacement sensor. A block diagram showing the electrical configuration of a jaw crusher. The flowchart which shows the process performed in the control part according to the detection result of the oil pressure of a hydraulic cylinder, and the temperature of a part to be crushed.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view showing an overall configuration of a jaw crusher 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the jaw crusher 1. FIG. 3 is a side schematic view showing in detail the peripheral configurations of the dog (displacement member) 24 and the displacement sensor 25 of the interdental adjustment mechanism 20 of the jaw crusher 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement configuration of the displacement sensor 25. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the jaw crusher 1.

The jaw crusher 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a swing-type crusher according to the present embodiment. The jaw crusher 1 is suitably used as a primary treatment facility for crushing a crushed object such as rock, ore, concrete waste material, asphalt waste material, or massive furnace slag.

As shown in FIG. 1, the jaw crusher 1 includes a frame body 2, an eccentric shaft 8, a fixed tooth (first tooth) 3, a swing jaw 4, a movable tooth (second tooth) 6, and the like.

The frame body 2 forms the outer shell of the jaw crusher 1. The frame body 2 includes at least a front wall 2a, a pair of side walls 2b, and a pair of side liners 2c forming a part of the side walls.

A horizontally arranged eccentric shaft 8 is rotatably supported on the upper part of the pair of side walls 2b via a bearing 18 (see FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 2, the eccentric shaft 8 penetrates both side walls 2b and extends to the outside of each side wall 2b, and a pulley 9a is fixed to one end of a shaft end projecting to the outside of each side wall 2b. The flywheel 9b is fixed to the other end. The rotational driving force of the electric motor (drive source) 27 is transmitted to the pulley 9a via the belt 17.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing teeth 3 are fixed to the inner wall surface of the front wall 2a of the frame body 2. The fixed tooth 3 of the present embodiment has a wavy tooth tip. Since the fixed tooth 3 is a consumable item that wears by acting on the object to be crushed, it is configured so that it can be easily replaced with a new one. Specifically, the side surface liners 2c (see FIGS. 1 and 2) on both sides are pulled out upward, and a metal rod-shaped member or the like is formed from the outside of the frame body 2 through a plurality of through holes 2h provided in the front wall 2a. The fixed tooth 3 can be removed by inserting and tapping.

The swing jaw 4 supports the movable tooth 6 so as to be swingable. The swing jaw 4 is provided along the inner wall surface of the pair of side wall 2b. The upper portion of the swing jaw 4 is rotatably supported by an eccentric portion formed in the central portion of the eccentric shaft 8 in the longitudinal direction via a bearing 19. With this configuration, when the eccentric shaft 8 rotates, the upper part of the swing jaw 4 is displaced so as to draw a circle centered on the rotation center of the pulley 9a and having an eccentric amount as a radius. As a result, the swing jaw 4 can be swung.

The movable tooth 6 is fixed to the swing jaw 4. The movable tooth 6 of the present embodiment has a wavy tooth tip. The movable tooth 6 is attached to the swing jaw 4 so as to face the fixed tooth 3. Therefore, when the swing jaw 4 swings, the movable tooth 6 also swings with respect to the fixed tooth 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, a crushing chamber 5 which is a space for crushing an object to be crushed is formed between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6. More specifically, the crushing chamber 5 has a fixed tooth 3 fixed to the inner wall surface of the front wall 2a of the frame body 2 and arranged between a pair of side liners 2c, and a pair behind the fixed tooth 3. It is formed by being surrounded on four sides by a movable tooth 6 arranged between the side liners 2c and a pair of side liners 2c. The movable teeth 6 are arranged so as to be inclined so that the crushing chamber 5 becomes narrower as it goes downward. More specifically, the movable tooth 6 is arranged so as to be inclined so that the front end portion thereof is lower than the rear end portion so that the distance between the movable tooth 6 and the fixed tooth 3 becomes closer toward the lower side.

Since the movable tooth 6 is a consumable item that wears by acting on the object to be crushed, it is configured so that it can be easily replaced with a new one.

In the crushing chamber 5, the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6 act on the crushed object, so that a compressive force is applied to the crushed object and the crushed object is crushed (coarsely divided). ing.

The lower end of the swing jaw 4 is connected to the tip of a tension rod 16 which is an elongated member arranged so as to be downward-sloping or horizontal. The tension rod 16 is supported by the frame body 2 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction thereof. A spring 10 is arranged on the tension rod 16, and the spring 10 is directed to separate the swing jaw 4 from the front wall 2a (in other words, the direction to separate the movable tooth 6 from the fixed tooth 3) via the tension rod 16. To urge. With this configuration, as will be described in detail later, the front end portion of the toggle plate 23 is always kept in contact with the front toggle sheet 41 provided at the lower part of the swing jaw 4. As a result, the lower portion of the swing jaw 4 is displaced in conjunction with the operation of the hydraulic cylinder (actuator) 21, which will be described later.

Further, the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment takes some measures when the temperature rises excessively in the portion where the object to be crushed is crushed (crushing chamber 5) or when the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 21 rises excessively. A temperature sensor (temperature detection unit) 71, a temperature notification lamp (notification unit) 72, and a displacement notification lamp 73 are provided as necessary configurations to be taken.

The temperature sensor 71 is a sensor capable of detecting the ambient temperature, and any known temperature sensor can be applied. The temperature sensor 71 of the present embodiment is provided in contact with the back surface of the fixed tooth 3 in the space between the back surface of the fixed tooth 3 and the inner wall surface of the front wall 2a. The wiring or the like extending from the temperature sensor 71 is connected to an external electronic device through a through hole 2h formed in the front wall 2a for hitting the fixing tooth 3 from the outside or a newly provided through hole 2h. There is. Note that FIG. 1 shows an example of wiring extending from the temperature sensor 71 with a two-dot chain line.

As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature sensors 71 of the present embodiment are provided in pairs on the left and right corresponding to two of the three through holes 2h provided in the lower part of the front wall 2a. Thereby, the temperature of the fixed tooth 3 can be detected in the lower part of the crushing chamber 5 where the crushed object is particularly likely to stay. In the present embodiment, the average value of the detected values of the above two temperature sensors 71 is adopted as the detection result of the temperature sensor 71.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment has a hydraulic cylinder 21 and a hydraulic pressure as an interdental adjusting mechanism 20 for adjusting the distance between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6. It includes a circuit (not shown), a slide block 22, a toggle plate 23, a dog (displacement member) 24, a displacement sensor 25, and the like.

The hydraulic cylinder 21 as the actuator of the present embodiment is configured as a known single-acting cylinder having a cylinder and a piston.

The cylinder is fixed to the frame body 2 with its axis tilted. Specifically, a housing body 31 having a rectangular parallelepiped housing area is fixedly provided between a pair of side walls 2b with an opening formed on one side thereof facing forward and downward. A rear frame 32 is fixed to the rear portion of the housing 31. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is accommodated in the accommodating area of the accommodating body 31, and is provided in a state where the rear end surface of the cylinder is fixed to the rear frame 32.

A cylinder rod is fixed to the piston. The cylinder rod protrudes forward in a direction approaching the swing jaw 4, and its tip is connected to the slide block 22. The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied into the cylinder via the hydraulic circuit causes the piston to slide and move in the direction of extending the hydraulic cylinder 21, whereby the slide block 22 can be displaced toward the front wall 2a.

The above-mentioned hydraulic circuit is for operating the hydraulic cylinder 21, and is composed of a combination of hydraulic devices having a known configuration. Specifically, this hydraulic circuit is composed of a tank for storing hydraulic oil, a hydraulic pump for pumping hydraulic oil in the tank, a suction filter, a check valve, a relief valve, a solenoid valve, a pressure sensor, and the like. .. By this hydraulic circuit, hydraulic oil is appropriately supplied into the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 21.

The slide block 22 is supported by the housing 31 so that the slide block 22 can slide and move in a direction parallel to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder 21. The tip of the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to the slide block 22. Therefore, by operating the hydraulic cylinder 21 toward the extension side, the slide block 22 can be displaced toward the side closer to the front wall 2a.

The toggle plate 23 is a plate-shaped member interposed between the swing jaw 4 and the slide block 22. The toggle plate 23 operates in conjunction with the sliding of the slide block 22, thereby imparting a movement to adjust the distance to the fixed tooth 3 to the swing jaw 4 (movable tooth 6). The front end and the rear end of the toggle plate 23 are formed in a rounded shape (for example, a semicircular shape), the front end of the toggle plate 23 slides with respect to the swing jaw 4, and the rear end of the toggle plate 23. The unit is adapted to perform a sliding motion with respect to the slide block 22.

More specifically, a front toggle sheet 41 is provided at the rear of the swing jaw 4. The front toggle sheet 41 has a smooth concave surface with which the front end of the toggle plate 23 comes into contact. While the front end portion of the toggle plate 23 is in contact with the concave surface of the front toggle sheet 41, a sliding motion is performed along the concave surface.

Further, a rear toggle sheet 33 is provided on the front portion of the slide block 22. The rear toggle sheet 33 has a smooth concave surface with which the rear ends of the toggle plate 23 come into contact. While the rear end portion of the toggle plate 23 is in contact with the concave surface of the rear toggle sheet 33, a sliding motion is performed along the concave surface.

The lower portion of the swing jaw 4 (strictly speaking, the front toggle sheet 41) is pressed against the front end portion of the toggle plate 23 by the urging force of the spring 10 described above acting via the tension rod 16. Further, by indirectly receiving the urging force of the spring 10, the rear end portion of the toggle plate 23 is pressed against the slide block 22 (strictly speaking, the rear toggle sheet 33). In this way, the toggle plate 23 is restrained by the front toggle sheet 41 and the rear toggle sheet 33 so as not to fall off from the front toggle sheet 41 and the rear toggle sheet 33.

A dog 24, which is a member for detecting the movement (displacement) of the slide block 22 (piston of the hydraulic cylinder 21), is provided on the upper portion of the slide block 22. A groove is formed in the upper part of the accommodating body 31 for exposing the dog 24 to the outside of the accommodating body 31 so that the dog 24 can move.

The displacement sensor 25 is for detecting the displacement of the dog 24. As shown in FIG. 3, the displacement sensor 25 of the present embodiment can detect the position of the end portion of the dog 24 stepwise between the front end position P1 and the rear end position P2. It is configured to include several position detection sensors (Pa, Pb, Pc, ...) Between the two position detection sensors arranged on P2. The number of position detection sensors (Pa, Pb, Pc, ...) Arranged between the front end position P1 and the rear end position P2 is the size of the main body of the jaw crusher 1, the size of the object to be crushed, and the required number. It can be changed as appropriate depending on the size of the crushed product to be produced. Each of the position detection sensors is configured as a proximity sensor, and is attached to a mounting base 25a fixed to the upper part of the housing 31 via a frame 25b or the like.

As shown in FIG. 5, the displacement sensor 25 is electrically connected to a control unit 90 provided for controlling the jaw crusher 1. The control unit 90 crushes the teeth by appropriately operating the interdental adjustment mechanism 20, the temperature notification lamp 72, and the displacement notification lamp 73 according to the detection result of the pressure sensor 81 of the hydraulic circuit and the detection result of the temperature sensor 71. Crushing of the object under appropriate conditions can be promoted. In other words, the control unit 90 steps the distance between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6 according to the detection result of the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the temperature of the portion where the crushing is performed (crushing chamber 5). By adjusting the temperature notification lamp 72 and turning on / off the displacement notification lamp 73, rough division under appropriate conditions is realized.

The control unit 90 is configured as a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like. The ROM stores an appropriate program for operating the interdental adjustment mechanism 20, the temperature notification lamp 72, and the displacement notification lamp 73 based on the detection result of the pressure sensor 81 and the detection result of the temperature sensor 71. Has been done. The control unit 90 transmits signals to the solenoid valves 85 and 86, the temperature notification lamp 72, the displacement notification lamp 73, and the like provided in the hydraulic circuit based on the program and the like to notify the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the temperature. It is possible to appropriately operate the lamp 72, the displacement notification lamp 73, and the like.

Further, although not shown, a control panel provided with various switches for an operator or the like around the jaw crusher 1 to operate the interdental adjustment mechanism 20 is an outer wall surface of the frame body 2 of the jaw crusher 1, or the said one. It is provided at an appropriate place such as a communication terminal that remotely controls the jaw crusher 1.

When the proximity sensor detects the dog 24 at the front end position P1, it means that the hydraulic cylinder 21 is sufficiently extended and the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is a predetermined distance W1. .. In the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment, in a normal state (for example, immediately after the start of crushing), the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is maintained so as to be the above-mentioned distance W1.

When the object to be crushed is put into the crushing chamber 5, the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 21 rises because a mechanical load acts. Whether or not crushing is easy is not constant, and a large crushing object that is difficult to crush may be thrown in. However, in the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the pressure sensor 81 installed in the hydraulic circuit When the state in which the detected value of the above reaches a predetermined value continues for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit 90 controls to release the hydraulic oil by opening the solenoid valve 85 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 21 in the hydraulic circuit. .. As a result, the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 21 decreases and the hydraulic cylinder 21 contracts. That is, the dog 24 retracts to a position where the proximity sensor Pa located behind the front end position P1 can detect. As a result, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is widened. As a result, the crushing can be performed while promoting the discharge of the crushed object from the crushing chamber 5, and an excessive increase in the load can be avoided.

When the dog 24 is detected by the proximity sensor Pa and the state in which the detection value of the pressure sensor 81 is equal to or less than the above predetermined value continues for a predetermined time or longer, the control unit 90 is connected to the hydraulic pump. The solenoid valve 86 is opened to control the hydraulic cylinder 21 to be supplied with hydraulic oil. As a result, since the hydraulic cylinder 21 is extended, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is narrowed, and a predetermined position (front end position P1) can be set.

If the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is widened as described above, but the pressure does not drop sufficiently and the detection value of the pressure sensor 81 still reaches the predetermined value for a predetermined time or longer. The control unit 90 further opens the solenoid valve 85 to let the hydraulic oil escape, further widen the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6, and continue crushing. As described above, when crushing is difficult, the process of gradually widening the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is repeated. This process of increasing the tooth spacing can be performed, for example, until the hydraulic cylinder 21 is sufficiently contracted and the proximity sensor at the rear end position P2 finally detects the dog 24. When the proximity sensor at the rear end position P2 detects the dog 24, the operation of the jaw crusher 1 is automatically stopped.

By the way, when the massive furnace slag mainly generated in a steel mill or the like is crushed by the jaw crusher 1, the massive furnace slag has high toughness because it contains a large amount of iron, and is more difficult to crush than other crushed objects. Therefore, when the massive furnace slag is put into the crushing chamber 5 (particularly in a state where it is not sufficiently cooled), it may stay for a long time without being crushed, so that the inside of the crushing chamber 5 often becomes hot.

When the temperature of the crushing chamber 5 becomes high, it is considered that various effects are exerted on the operation of the jaw crusher 1. For example, the durability of the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6 with which the object to be crushed comes into direct contact may decrease. Further, when the heat of the crushing chamber 5 is transferred to the bearings 18 and 19 via the swing jaw 4, the temperature becomes high and the lubrication performance deteriorates, which may cause a shortening of the service life and the like.

In the following, FIG. 6 relates to a control performed by the control unit 90 for adjusting the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 and issuing an alarm according to the detection result of the pressure sensor 81 and the detection result of the temperature sensor 71. Will be described in detail with reference to. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a process performed by the control unit 90 according to the detection result of the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the temperature of the crushed portion.

Since the detection result of the pressure sensor 81 provided in the hydraulic circuit substantially represents the oil pressure in the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 21 (in the space where the hydraulic oil is supplied), this detection will be described in the following description. The result may be referred to as "hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 21". Further, the detection result of the temperature sensor 71 represents the temperature in the portion where the crushed object is crushed (more specifically, in the present embodiment, the fixed tooth 3 which is one of the members constituting the crushing chamber 5). Therefore, in the following description, this detection result may be referred to as "the temperature of the crushed portion".

First, the control unit 90 detects the dog 24 and determines whether or not only the proximity sensor at the front end position P1 is ON (step S101).

When only the proximity sensor at the front end position P1 is not ON (step S101, No), it means that the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is wider than the predetermined distance W1. Therefore, the control unit 90 opens the solenoid valve 86 connected to the hydraulic pump, supplies pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 21, extends the hydraulic cylinder 21, and narrows the distance between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6 by one step. (Step S102). As a result, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 can be brought closer to the original state. Then, the process returns to step S101.

On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S101, when only the proximity sensor at the front end position P1 is ON (step S101, Yes), the control unit 90 is when the temperature notification lamp 72 and the displacement notification lamp 73 are lit. (Step S103), and notify the surroundings that the state of charging the crushed object is good (that is, that additional charging may be performed) (step S104). At this time, the control unit 90 determines whether or not the state in which the temperature of the crushed portion acquired by the detection value of the temperature sensor 71 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value continues for a predetermined time (step S105).

When the state in which the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 71 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value continues for a predetermined time (step S105, Yes), the control unit 90 turns on the temperature notification lamp 72 to change the temperature of the crushed portion. Notify the surroundings that it is considerably high (step S107). As a result, the surrounding workers can correctly grasp the situation, for example, temporarily suspend the additional injection of the crushing object into the crushing chamber 5, or sprinkle water on the crushing object discharged from the crushing chamber 5. It is possible to take measures such as forcibly cooling. After that, the control unit 90 detects the dog 24 and determines whether or not the proximity sensor at the rear end position P2 is ON (step S108).

When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 71 is less than a predetermined value, or when the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value but the state does not continue for a predetermined time (step S105, No), the control unit 90 uses a hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic circuit. It is determined whether or not the state in which the detected value of the pressure sensor 81 connected to the 21 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value continues for a predetermined time (step S106).

When the state in which the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 81 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value continues for a predetermined time (step S106, Yes), in the control unit 90, the proximity sensor at the rear end position P2 is the dog 24, as described above. Is detected and it is determined whether or not it is ON (step S108).

If the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 81 is less than a predetermined value, or if it is equal to or more than a predetermined value but the state does not continue for a predetermined time (steps S106, No), it is a normal state, so step S101 is performed. return.

When the proximity sensor at the rear end position P2 is ON (step S108, Yes), the control unit 90 lights the displacement notification lamp 73 and the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is maximum (abnormal). (In the open state), the surroundings are notified that no further intervals will be opened (step S110). As a result, the surrounding workers can correctly grasp the situation and take measures such as stopping the new injection of the crushed object into the crushing chamber 5 of the crushed object.

After that, the control unit 90 automatically stops the operation of the jaw crusher 1 by stopping the electric motor 27 (step S111), and ends a series of processes.

When the proximity sensor at the rear end position P2 is OFF in the determination in step S108 (step S108, No), the control unit 90 opens the solenoid valve 85 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 21 to pressurize the hydraulic cylinder 21. Is released, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is contracted, and the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is widened by one step (step S109). As a result, it is possible to promote the discharge from the crushing chamber 5 of the crushed object which is hot and difficult to crush. Then, the process returns to step S105.

According to the processing flow shown above, the jaw crusher 1 can be continuously operated by appropriately changing the gap at the outlet of the crushing chamber 5 according to the value of the oil pressure and the value of the temperature of the crushed portion. There is. Further, when the temperature is abnormally high, the temperature notification lamp 72 can notify the surrounding workers and take appropriate measures. Further, when the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is abnormally high and the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 cannot be further widened, the displacement notification lamp 73 notifies the surrounding workers and takes appropriate measures. Can be done.

As described above, the jaw crusher (oscillating crusher) 1 of the present embodiment includes a fixed tooth (first tooth) 3, a movable tooth (second tooth) 6, and a temperature sensor (temperature detection unit). 71 and. The movable tooth 6 is provided so as to be swingable and forms a crushing chamber 5 with the fixed tooth 3. The temperature sensor 71 detects the temperature of the fixed tooth 3, which is one of the members constituting the crushing chamber 5.

As a result, the temperature sensor 71 can detect the temperature rise in the portion where the object to be crushed is crushed, and can take some measures. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crushing from being continued under a high temperature and the temperature to rise further, which adversely affects the performance of the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6. Specifically, for example, it is possible to suppress an adverse effect of high temperature on the wear rate, hardness, etc. of the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6. Further, it is possible to prevent heat from being transferred to the members around the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6 to adversely affect the performance and life. For example, in the case of the present embodiment, it is conceivable that the heat of the movable tooth 6 is transferred to the bearings 18 and 19 via the swing jaw 4, etc., but the temperature of the portion to be crushed by the temperature sensor 71 is obtained and shown in FIG. Since the control is performed, it is possible to suppress adverse effects on the performance and life of the bearing 18.

Further, the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment includes a hydraulic cylinder (actuator) 21 and a control unit 90. The hydraulic cylinder 21 can change the distance between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6. When the detection result of the temperature sensor 71 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature (step S105, Yes in FIG. 6), the control unit 90 sets the hydraulic cylinder 21 so as to increase the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6. Control (step S109 in FIG. 6).

As a result, when the temperature of the crushing chamber 5 becomes high, it is possible to automatically promote the discharge of the crushed object and prevent the temperature from rising further.

Further, the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment includes a temperature notification lamp (notification unit) 72 that notifies when the detection result of the temperature sensor 71 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (step S105, Yes in FIG. 6).

As a result, when the crushing chamber 5 is at a high temperature, it is possible to notify the surrounding workers by, for example, turning on the temperature notification lamp 72 (step S107 in FIG. 6), whereby the crushed material is additionally charged. Can be suppressed, and cooling of the discharged object to be processed can be promoted.

Further, in the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 71 detects the temperature of the fixed teeth 3.

As a result, the temperature sensor 71 appropriately measures the temperature rise caused by the highly tough object to be crushed (specifically, for example, a massive furnace slag containing a large amount of iron) contacting / adhering to the fixed tooth 3 in a high temperature state. Can be detected.

Further, in the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the first tooth is configured as a fixed tooth 3. The second tooth is configured as a movable tooth 6. The temperature sensor 71 detects the temperature of the fixed tooth 3.

As a result, the vibration applied to the temperature sensor 71 can be suppressed.

Further, in the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the crushing chamber 5 is formed so as to become narrower as it goes downward. The temperature sensor 71 detects the temperature of the fixed tooth 3 which is one of the members constituting the crushing chamber 5 in the lower part of the crushing chamber 5.

As a result, the temperature rise associated with the crushing of the crushed object can be effectively detected in consideration of the fact that the temperature of the crushed object tends to rise due to the retention of the crushed object in the lower part of the crushing chamber 5.

Further, in the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment, the actuator is fixed by increasing the pressure of the hydraulic oil to narrow the distance between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6, while reducing the pressure of the hydraulic oil. It is a hydraulic cylinder (hydraulic actuator) 21 capable of widening the distance between the teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6. The jaw crusher 1 includes a pressure sensor (operating pressure detecting unit) 81 that detects the pressure of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder 21. When the detection result of the pressure sensor 81 is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, the control unit 90 controls to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 21 to widen the distance between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6.

As a result, when the pressure of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder 21 increases due to a crushed object that is difficult to crush gets caught between the fixed teeth 3 and the movable teeth 6, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is reduced and fixed. It is possible to control to widen the distance between the tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6, and it is possible to perform crushing while promoting the discharge of the crushed object. As a result, it is possible to avoid an excessive increase in load. Further, it is possible to eliminate an excessive temperature rise due to a large frictional force acting in the crushing chamber 5.

Further, the jaw crusher 1 of the present embodiment includes a dog 24 and a displacement sensor 25. The dog 24 is displaced according to the operating state of the hydraulic cylinder 21. The displacement sensor 25 can detect each of the positions of the dog 24 in a plurality of stages. The control unit 90 operates the hydraulic cylinder 21 so as to displace the position of the dog 24 to the next adjacent position that can be detected by the displacement sensor 25 when the detection result of the temperature sensor 71 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. As a result, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is expanded to the next stage among the plurality of stages.

As a result, when the temperature of the part to be crushed or the object to be crushed becomes excessively high, the temperature becomes higher than that by gradually widening the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6. Crushing can be continued while suppressing. Therefore, objects of various sizes can be crushed under appropriate conditions.

Further, in the crushing method of the present embodiment, a jaw crusher (swing type crusher) including a fixed tooth (first tooth) 3, a movable tooth (second tooth) 6, and a temperature sensor (temperature detection unit) 71 is provided. Machine) 1 crushes the object to be crushed. The movable tooth 6 is provided so as to be swingable and forms a crushing chamber 5 with the fixed tooth 3. The temperature sensor 71 detects the temperature of the member constituting the crushing chamber 5 or the object to be crushed put into the crushing chamber 5. When the detection result of the temperature sensor 71 is lower than the predetermined temperature, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is maintained at a predetermined distance W1 or narrowed so as to approach the predetermined distance W1. When the detection result of the temperature sensor 71 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is wider than the predetermined distance W1.

As a result, when the temperature of the crushing chamber 5 is maintained at an appropriate temperature, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 can be set to a distance W1 suitable for crushing, and crushing can be continuously performed. On the other hand, when the temperature of the crushing chamber 5 is excessively high, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 can be widened to promote the discharge of the crushed object, and the crushing chamber becomes hotter than that. It is possible to avoid the situation where

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above configuration can be changed as follows, for example.

In the above embodiment, the temperature sensor 71 as the temperature detection unit detects the temperature of the fixed tooth 3 which is one of the members constituting the crushing chamber 5. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the temperature detection unit may detect the temperature of another member (specifically, for example, the movable tooth 6 or the side liner 2c) constituting the crushing chamber 5. Alternatively, instead of these, for example, the temperature detection unit may be configured as a thermography to detect the temperature of the object to be crushed put into the crushing chamber 5.

If the temperature detection unit is configured to detect the temperature of at least one of the first tooth and the second tooth, the mounting position of the temperature detection unit is not limited to the back surface of the first tooth or the second tooth. That is, for example, the temperature detection unit may be embedded in the first tooth or screwed into the first tooth.

The temperature detection unit may be configured to detect the temperatures of both the fixed tooth (first tooth) 3 and the movable tooth (second tooth) 6. In that case, the average value of the temperature detection value of the fixed tooth 3 and the temperature detection value of the movable tooth 6 may be adopted as the detection result, or among the temperature detection values of the plurality of teeth 3 and 6. The higher one may be adopted as the detection result.

In the above embodiment, the actuator for changing the distance between the fixed tooth (first tooth) 3 and the movable tooth (second tooth) 6 is a hydraulic cylinder 21, but another actuator is used instead. It can also be applied. For example, a cylinder that operates by a force other than hydraulic pressure, such as an air cylinder, can be applied, or a drive device having a configuration in which the position of the slide block 22 is displaced by sliding a plurality of wedge members is applied. You can also.

In the above embodiment, the notification unit is a temperature notification lamp 72 and a displacement notification lamp 73 that are lit, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, instead of this, the notification unit may be a device or the like that emits an alarm sound. That is, the notification unit may be either visually appealing to the operator or auditory appealing. Further, for example, the communication terminal for the operator to operate the jaw crusher 1 may be provided with a notification unit.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the displacement sensor 25 is a non-contact type proximity sensor (Pa, Pb, ...・), But it is not limited to this. That is, the displacement sensor 25 may be configured by a contact-type sensor (for example, a limit switch) or the like that detects the position of the displacement sensor 25 by contacting the dog 24.

In the above embodiment, the fixed tooth (first tooth) 3 is provided fixedly, and the movable tooth (second tooth) 6 is provided so as to be swingable with respect to the fixed tooth 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, instead of this, the second tooth may be provided fixedly, and the first tooth may be provided so as to be swingable. Alternatively, instead of these, a so-called double-jaw type configuration in which both the first tooth and the second tooth can swing may be used.

In the above embodiment, the rocking crusher is a jaw crusher 1, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a splitter or the like may be used instead.

In the above embodiment, the distance between the fixed tooth 3 and the movable tooth 6 is changed (adjusted) stepwise, but the distance is not necessarily limited to this, and the distance between these tooth tips is continuous. It may be changed (adjusted) to.

1 Joe crusher (oscillating crusher)
3 Fixed tooth (1st tooth)
4 Swing jaw 5 Crushing chamber 6 Movable tooth (second tooth)
18 Bearing 19 Bearing 21 Hydraulic cylinder (actuator)
71 Temperature sensor (Temperature detector)
72 Temperature notification lamp (notification unit)
90 Control unit

Claims (6)

1st tooth and
A second tooth that is swingably provided and forms a crushing chamber between the first tooth and the second tooth.
A temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the portion of the first tooth or the second tooth that acts on the crushing object put into the crushing chamber, or the temperature of the crushing object put into the crushing chamber. ,
An actuator capable of changing the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth,
A control unit that controls the actuator so as to increase the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth when the detection result of the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
A swinging crusher characterized by being equipped with. The rocking crusher according to claim 1.
A swing-type crusher including a notification unit that notifies when the detection result of the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. The rocking crusher according to claim 1 or 2.
The first tooth is configured as a fixed tooth.
The second tooth is configured as a movable tooth.
The temperature detection unit is a swing-type crusher characterized by detecting the temperature of a portion of the first tooth that acts on the object to be crushed. The rocking crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The actuator narrows the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth by increasing the pressure of the hydraulic oil, while the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth is reduced by reducing the pressure of the hydraulic oil. It is a hydraulic actuator that can expand
A working pressure detecting unit for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic actuator is provided.
The control unit controls to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic actuator to widen the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth when the detection result of the operating pressure detecting unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure. A swing-type crusher characterized by performing. The rocking crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A displacement member that displaces according to the operating state of the actuator, and
A displacement detection unit that can detect each of the positions of a plurality of stages of the displacement member,
With
The control unit
When the detection result of the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the actuator is operated so as to displace the position of the displacement member to an adjacent next position that can be detected by the displacement detection unit, and the first. A swing-type crusher characterized in that the distance between a tooth and the second tooth is expanded to the next stage among a plurality of stages. 1st tooth and
A second tooth that is swingably provided and forms a crushing chamber between the first tooth and the second tooth.
A temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the portion of the first tooth or the second tooth that acts on the crushing object put into the crushing chamber, or the temperature of the crushing object put into the crushing chamber. ,
It is a crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed by a swinging crusher equipped with.
When the detection result of the temperature detection unit is lower than the predetermined temperature, the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth is maintained at a predetermined distance or narrowed so as to approach the predetermined distance.
A crushing method characterized in that when the detection result of the temperature detection unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the distance between the first tooth and the second tooth is wider than the predetermined distance.

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