JP6962769B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an ophthalmic apparatus.

It is considered desirable for the eye to be inspected to acquire information in the same binocular vision state as in normal times. For this reason, an ophthalmic apparatus for acquiring information on the eye to be inspected in the state of binocular vision has been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In the ophthalmic apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a vertical drive mechanism and a horizontal drive mechanism that move a pair of main body portions in the vertical and horizontal directions corresponding to the left and right eyes to be inspected, and both main body portions centered on the eyeball rotation axis. A rotation drive mechanism for rotating is provided. In addition, both main bodies are provided with measurement optical systems, and by driving each drive mechanism to drive each measurement optical system while keeping both main bodies in an appropriate posture for both eyes to be inspected. Information on the eye to be inspected can be obtained in the state of binocular vision.

In such an ophthalmic apparatus, each main body may be gradually tilted in the front-back, left-right, up-down directions by repeating movements and rotations in the vertical and horizontal directions. If this tilt exceeds the permissible range, the tilt (twist) of the optical axis (optical path) of the optical system such as the observation system occurs, which makes it difficult for the eye to be inspected to fuse the optotype and affects the measurement accuracy. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to grasp the state of the optical path of the optical system, such as the presence or absence and degree of twisting of the optical path of the optical system.

International Publication No. 2003/041571

The present invention has been made focusing on the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmic apparatus capable of grasping the state of an optical path of an optical system.

In order to achieve the above object, in the ophthalmic apparatus of the present invention, an optotype projection system that projects an optotype and an observation system that observes an image of the optotype projected by the optotype projection system are used by the subject. Image acquisition to acquire an image of the optotype to confirm the positional relationship between the main body of the ophthalmic apparatus arranged in pairs corresponding to the left eye and the right eye and the reference position of the optotype projected by the optotype projection system. The unit and the light path of the target projection system are detachably provided on the optical path of the pair of the target projection systems, the optical paths of the pair of the target projection systems are merged, and the light beam of the target from the pair of the target projection systems is combined. It is characterized by including an optical unit having a light guide optical system leading to an image acquisition unit.

In the ophthalmic apparatus configured in this way, the image of the optotype projected from the optotype projection system can be acquired by the image acquisition unit via the optical unit. By confirming the positional relationship of the image of the optotype acquired by the image acquisition unit with respect to the reference position, it is possible to grasp the state of the optical path of the optical system, such as the presence or absence of twisting of the optical path and the degree of twisting.

It is a perspective view which shows the appearance of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the connection structure of the right rotation drive part and the right eye measurement head of the measurement unit of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the measurement optical system of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the measurement optical system of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the block structure of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the 1st optical unit of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1 and its optical path. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the 2nd optical unit of the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1 and the optical path thereof. It is a figure for demonstrating how the right eye measurement head is rotated about a β axis in the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the state of rotating the right eye deflection unit and an objective lens around an α axis in the ophthalmic apparatus of Example 1. FIG.

(Example 1)
Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the ophthalmic apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to Example 1 shown in the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of the first embodiment includes an ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 and a first optical unit 40 and a second optical unit 42 as a light guide optical system detachably attached to the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10. , Is equipped.

[Overall configuration of the main body of the ophthalmic device]
Hereinafter, the overall configuration of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 of the first embodiment is a binocular open type ophthalmic apparatus capable of simultaneously performing binocular characteristic measurement of the eyes to be inspected with the left and right eyes open by the subject. As shown in FIG. 1, the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 of the first embodiment includes a base 11 installed on a floor surface, an optometry table 12, a support column 13, an arm 14 as a support portion, and a measurement unit 20. A controller 27 for examiners and a controller 28 for examinees (see FIG. 4) are provided.

In the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10, the subject facing the optometry table 12 measures the characteristics of the optometry in a state where the forehead is applied to the forehead portion 15 provided in the measurement unit 20. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 throughout the present specification, the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis are taken, and when viewed from the subject, the left-right direction is the X direction, the vertical direction (vertical direction) is the Y direction, and the X direction. And the direction orthogonal to the Y direction (the depth direction of the measuring unit 20) is the Z direction.

The optometry table 12 is a desk on which the controller 27 for the examiner and the controller 28 for the subject and the one used for the optometry are placed, and is supported by the base 11. The optometry table 12 may be supported by the base 11 so that the position (height position) in the Y direction can be adjusted.

The support column 13 stands up from the rear end of the optometry table 12 in the Y direction, and an arm 14 is provided on the upper portion. The arm 14 is attached to the support column 13 and suspends and supports the pair of measurement heads 23 via the drive mechanism 22 of the measurement unit 20 above the optometry table 12, and supports the pair of measurement heads 23 from the support column 13 in the Z direction toward the front side. It's growing. The arm 14 is movable in the Y direction with respect to the support column 13. The arm 14 may be movable in the X direction and the Z direction with respect to the support column 13. A measuring unit 20 is provided at the tip of the arm 14.

The base 11 is provided with a control unit 26 that controls each part of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 in a control box 26b. The control unit 26 is supplied with power from a commercial power source (not shown) via the power cable 17a.

[Measurement unit]
The measuring unit 20 performs at least one of arbitrary subjective tests and arbitrary objective measurements. In the subjective test, a target or the like is presented to the subject, and the test result is acquired based on the response of the subject to the target or the like. This subjective test includes a distance test, a near test, a contrast test, a glare test, and other subjective refraction measurements, and a visual field test and the like. Further, in objective measurement, light is irradiated to the eye to be inspected, and information (characteristics) regarding the eye to be inspected is measured based on the detection result of the return light. This objective measurement includes a measurement for acquiring the characteristics of the eye to be inspected and an imaging for acquiring an image of the eye to be inspected. Furthermore, for objective measurement, objective refraction measurement (ref measurement), corneal shape measurement (kerato measurement), tonometry, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (hereinafter referred to as "OCT") are used. There are tomography (OCT photography), measurement using OCT, etc.

Further, the measurement unit 20 is connected to the control unit 26 via a control / power cable 17b (see FIG. 2), and power is supplied via the control unit 26. Further, information transmission / reception between the measurement unit 20 and the control unit 26 is also performed via the control / power cable 17b.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the measurement unit 20 includes a mounting base portion 21, a left eye drive mechanism 22L and a right eye drive mechanism 22R provided on the mounting base portion 21, and a left eye drive mechanism. It includes a left eye measurement head 23L supported by 22L and a right eye measurement head 23R supported by a right eye drive mechanism 22R.

The left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R have a plane-symmetrical configuration with respect to the vertical plane located between the two in the X direction. Further, the configuration of each drive unit of the left eye drive mechanism 22L corresponding to the left eye measurement head 23L and the configuration of each drive unit of the right eye drive mechanism 22R corresponding to the right eye measurement head 23R are in the X direction. It has a plane-symmetrical configuration with respect to the vertical plane located between the two. Hereinafter, except when described individually, the measurement head 23 and the drive mechanism 22 may be simply referred to. The same applies to other components provided symmetrically to the left and right.

The mounting base portion 21 is fixed to the tip of the arm 14 and extends in the X direction, and the left eye drive mechanism 22L is suspended from one end and the right eye drive mechanism 22R is suspended from the other end. Is hung. Further, a forehead portion 15 is suspended from the central portion of the mounting base portion 21.

Based on the control command from the control unit 26, the left eye drive mechanism 22L positions the left eye measurement head 23L in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the eye rotation axis OL of the left eye EL (see FIG. 3). Change the orientation centered on. As shown in FIG. 5, the left eye drive mechanism 22L includes a left vertical drive unit 22aL, a left horizontal drive unit 22bL, and a left rotation drive unit 22cL. Each of these drive units 22aL to 22cL is arranged between the mounting base unit 21 and the left eye measurement head 23L in the order of the left vertical drive unit 22aL, the left horizontal drive unit 22bL, and the left rotation drive unit 22cL from the upper side. There is.

The left vertical drive unit 22aL moves the left horizontal drive unit 22bL in the Y direction with respect to the mounting base unit 21. The left horizontal drive unit 22bL moves the left rotation drive unit 22cL in the X direction and the Z direction with respect to the left vertical drive unit 22aL. The left rotation drive unit 22cL rotates the left eye measurement head 23L with respect to the left horizontal drive unit 22bL about the eyeball rotation axis OL (or an axis parallel thereto) of the left eye EL.

Based on the control command from the control unit 26, the right eye drive mechanism 22R positions the right eye measurement head 23R in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the eye rotation axis OR of the right eye ER (see FIG. 3). Change the orientation centered on. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the right eye drive mechanism 22R includes a right vertical drive unit 22aR, a right horizontal drive unit 22bR, and a right rotation drive unit 22cR. These drive units 22aR to 22cR are arranged between the mounting base unit 21 and the right eye measurement head 23R in the order of the right vertical drive unit 22aR, the right horizontal drive unit 22bR, and the right rotation drive unit 22cR from the upper side. There is.

The right vertical drive unit 22aR moves the right horizontal drive unit 22bR in the Y direction with respect to the mounting base unit 21. The right horizontal drive unit 22bR moves the right rotation drive unit 22cR in the X direction and the Z direction with respect to the right vertical drive unit 22aR. The right rotation drive unit 22cR rotates the right eye measurement head 23R with respect to the right horizontal drive unit 22bR about the eye rotation axis OR (or an axis parallel thereto) of the right eye ER.

Here, the left vertical drive unit 22aL, the left horizontal drive unit 22bL, the right vertical drive unit 22aR, and the right horizontal drive unit 22bR all include an actuator that generates a driving force such as a pulse motor, a plurality of gear sets, and a rack and pinion. -Has a transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force of a pinion or the like. The left horizontal drive unit 22bL and the right horizontal drive unit 22bR may be individually provided with a combination of an actuator and a transmission mechanism in the X direction and the Z direction, so that the configuration can be simplified and the movement in the horizontal direction can be easily controlled. Can be.

Further, the left rotation drive unit 22cL and the right rotation drive unit 22cR also have an actuator that generates a driving force such as a pulse motor and a transmission mechanism that transmits a driving force such as a plurality of gear sets and a rack and pinion. doing. Here, the left rotation drive unit 22cL and the right rotation drive unit 22cR move the transmission mechanism receiving the driving force from the actuator along the arc-shaped guide groove centered on the eyeball rotation axes OL and OR. Therefore, the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R can be rotated around the eyeball rotation axes OL and OR, respectively, around the eyeball rotation axis OL of the left eye EL and the eyeball rotation axis OR of the right eye ER. In the first embodiment, the eyeball rotation axes OL and OR are set as the θ axis.

The left rotation drive unit 22cL and the right rotation drive unit 22cR may have the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R rotatably attached around their own rotation axis. In this case, the rotation axis may be the θ axis.

By rotating the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R in a desired direction by the left rotation drive unit 22cL and the right rotation drive unit 22cR, the eye to be inspected is diverged (divergent movement) or congested (diffuse movement). Congestion movement) can be performed. As a result, the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 can measure various characteristics of both eyes by performing tests of divergence movement and convergence movement, and performing distance examination and near vision examination in the state of binocular vision. ..

As shown in FIG. 3, the left eye measurement head 23L is provided on the left eye measurement optical system 24L built in the left housing 23aL suspended from the left rotation drive unit 22cL and on the outer surface of the left housing 23aL. It has a left eye deflection unit 25L and. The left eye deflection unit 25L has a left eye frame member 25aL attached to the outer surface of the left housing 23aL, and a left eye deflection member 25bL fixed to the left eye frame member 25aL. .. An objective lens 31a (see FIG. 4) of the left eye measurement optical system 24L is also attached to the left eye frame member 25aL. In the left eye measurement head 23L, the light emitted from the left eye measurement optical system 24L is bent via the left eye deflection member 25bL and irradiated to the subject's left eye EL to measure the left eye characteristics. ..

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the right eye measurement head 23R is provided on the right eye measurement optical system 24R built in the right housing 23aR fixed to the right rotation drive unit 22cR and on the outer surface of the right housing 23aR. It has a deflection unit 25R for the right eye. The right eye deflection unit 25R has a right eye frame member 25aR attached to the outer surface of the right housing 23aR, and a right eye deflection member 25bR fixed to the right eye frame member 25aR. .. An objective lens 31a (see FIG. 4) of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye is also attached to the frame member 25aR for the right eye. In the right eye measurement head 23R, the light emitted from the right eye measurement optical system 24R is bent via the right eye deflection member 25bR and irradiated to the subject's right eye ER to measure the right eye characteristics. ..

In the first embodiment, the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R are rotated around the θ axis, the α axis, and the β axis, respectively, to tilt the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R. It is possible to adjust and keep the optical path properly. In Example 1, the eyeball rotation axis OR is set as the θ axis (see FIG. 3). Further, the axis in the left-right direction (longitudinal direction) of the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R is the α axis (first horizontal axis), and the axis in the front-back direction (short direction) of the right eye measurement head 23R is β. The axis (second horizontal axis) is used (see FIG. 2).

Here, the details of the connection structure between the right rotation drive unit 22cR and the right eye measurement head 23R will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a connection structure between the right rotation drive unit 22cR and the right eye measurement head 23R. Since the connection structure between the left rotation drive unit 22 cL and the left eye measurement head 23 L is the same as that for the right eye, the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, the right-handed rotation drive unit 22cR is provided with a connecting shaft 50R projecting downward, and the lower end of the connecting shaft 50R is connected to a connecting plate 51R provided on the upper surface of the right housing 23aR. There is. A vertical axis passing through the connecting shaft 50R and parallel to the eyeball rotation axis OR may be set as the θ axis, and the right eye measuring head 23R may be rotated around the θ axis.

The connection plate 51R extends in an L shape from the upper surface of the right housing portion 23aR toward the front side surface. A rotating shaft 23bR along the β axis is provided on the wall surface of the right housing portion 23aR so as to project, and the right housing portion 23aR is rotatably attached to the side surface of the connection plate 51R by the rotating shaft 23bR. .. Further, on the side surface of the connection plate 51R, a U-shaped groove 51aR is provided substantially in the center of the upper part, and a pair of substantially arcuate long grooves 51bR are provided below the U-shaped groove 51aR. The eccentric pin 52R inserted through the U-shaped groove 51aR is fastened to the wall surface of the right housing portion 23aR. Further, a screw 54R inserted through the pair of long grooves 51bR is fastened to the wall surface of the right housing portion 23aR.

The eccentric pin 52R has an eccentric shaft protruding from the eccentric position on the back side of the hexagonal screw-shaped head, and the eccentric shaft is inserted into the wall surface of the right housing portion 23aR. When a tool is attached to the hexagonal screw-shaped head and rotated, the right eye deflection unit 25R rotates around the β axis around the rotation axis 23bR (β axis). At this time, the pair of screws 54R move relatively around the β axis in the pair of long grooves 51bR.

Further, the connection structure between the right eye deflection unit 25R and the right housing 23aR will be described with reference to FIG. Since the connection structure between the left eye deflection unit 25L and the left housing 23aL is the same as that for the right eye, the description thereof will be omitted.

In the right eye deflection unit 25R, as shown in FIG. 2, a U-shaped groove 25cR is provided at substantially the center of the upper part of the right eye frame member 25aR, and a pair of substantially arcuate long grooves 25dR are provided below. The eccentric pin 53R inserted through the U-shaped groove 25cR is fastened to the wall surface of the right housing portion 23aR. Further, the screw 55R inserted into the pair of long grooves 25dR is fastened to the wall surface of the right housing portion 23aR.

As shown in the lower part of the paper surface of FIG. 2, the eccentric pin 53R has a through hole 53bR provided at the eccentric position of the head and a through hole 53bR provided at the eccentric position of the head and a mounting hole 23cR provided at the right housing 23aR. The screw 56R is inserted through the screw 56R. A screw groove is provided at the tip of the screw 56R and the back side of the mounting hole 23cR so that the tip of the screw 56R can be screwed into the mounting hole 23cR and fixed. In such an eccentric pin 53R, when a tool is inserted into the minus groove 53aR and rotated, the right eye deflection unit 25R and the objective lens 31a use the optical axis of the objective lens 31a as the rotation axis (α axis). , Rotates around the α axis. At this time, the pair of screws 55R relatively move around the α axis in the pair of long grooves 25dR.

The measurement optical system 24L for the left eye and the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye are a low vision test device that performs a low vision test while switching the target to be presented, and an appropriate corrective refractive force of the eye to be inspected while switching and arranging a correction lens. Foropter to be acquired, reflex meter and wave surface sensor to measure refractive force, fundus camera to take image of the fundus, tomography device to take tomographic image of retinal, specular microscope to take image of corneal endothelial image, measure corneal shape A keratometer, a tonometer for measuring intraocular pressure, and the like are configured alone or in combination.

[Measurement optical system]
An example of the configuration of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the measurement optical system 24L for the left eye and the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 of Example 1, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye. It is a figure which shows. Since the configuration of the measurement optical system 24L for the left eye is the same as that of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye, the description thereof will be omitted, and only the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 4, the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye includes an observation system 31, an optotype projection system 32, an optical power measurement system 33 as a measurement system, a subjective inspection system 34, an alignment system 35, and an alignment system 36. And the kerato system 37. The observation system 31 observes the anterior eye portion of the eye E to be inspected, the optotype projection system 32 presents the optotype to the eye E to be inspected, and the optical power measurement system 33 measures the optical power and becomes aware of it. The formula test system 34 performs a subjective test.

In Example 1, the optical power measuring system 33 has a function of projecting a predetermined measurement pattern on the fundus Ef of the eye E to be inspected and a function of detecting an image of the measurement pattern projected on the fundus Ef. Therefore, the optical power measuring system 33 functions as a first measuring system that projects a light beam onto the fundus Ef of the eye E to be inspected and receives the reflected light from the fundus Ef.

In the first embodiment, the subjective examination system 34 has a function of presenting an optotype to the eye E to be inspected, and shares an optical element constituting the optical system with the optotype projection system 32. The alignment system 35 and the alignment system 36 are for aligning the optical system with respect to the eye E to be inspected. The control unit 26 acquires alignment information in the front-rear direction (Z direction) along the optical axis of the observation system 31 by the alignment system 35, and the alignment system 36 acquires the alignment information in the vertical and horizontal directions (Y direction, X direction) orthogonal to the optical axis. Get the alignment information of.

The observation system 31 includes an objective lens 31a, a dichroic filter 31b, a half mirror 31c, a relay lens 31d, a dichroic filter 31e, an imaging lens 31f, and an image pickup device (CCD) 31g as an image acquisition unit. In the observation system 31, the luminous flux reflected by the eye E (anterior eye portion) to be inspected is imaged on the image sensor 31g by the imaging lens 31f via the objective lens 31a. Therefore, an anterior segment image E'in which the keratling light flux, the light flux of the alignment light source 35a, and the light flux (bright spot image Br) of the alignment light source 36a, which will be described later, are projected (projected) is formed on the image pickup element 31g. NS. The control unit 26 displays the front eye portion image E'and the like based on the image signal output from the image sensor 31g on the display screen 30a of the display unit 30. A kerato system 37 is provided in front of the objective lens 31a.

The kerato system 37 has a kerato plate 37a and a kerat ring light source 37b. The kerato plate 37a has a plate shape in which concentric slits are provided with respect to the optical axis of the observation system 31, and is provided in the vicinity of the objective lens 31a. The kerat ring light source 37b is provided so as to match the slit of the kerato plate 37a. In this kerato system 37, the luminous flux from the lit keratling light source 37b passes through the slit of the kerato plate 37a, so that the keratling light flux (ring for measuring corneal curvature) for measuring the corneal shape on the eye E (cornea Ec) is examined. Projecting (projecting) a target). This keratling luminous flux is reflected by the cornea Ec of the eye E to be inspected, so that the observation system 31 forms an image on the image sensor 31g. As a result, the image sensor 31g detects (receives) an image (image) of the ring-shaped keratling luminous flux, and the control unit 26 displays the image of the measurement pattern on the display screen 30a and the image (image sensor 31g). ), The corneal shape (radius of curvature) is measured by a well-known method. Therefore, the kerato system 37 projects a light beam onto the anterior eye portion (cornea Ec) of the eye E to be inspected, and obtains the characteristics of the anterior eye portion (cornea Ec) from the reflected light from the anterior eye portion (cornea Ec). It is a second measurement system for measuring and functions as a corneal shape measuring system for measuring the corneal shape of the eye E to be inspected. In Example 1, as the corneal shape measurement system, an example (kerato system 37) in which a kerato plate 37a for measuring the curvature near the center of the cornea with one to three ring slits is used is shown, but the cornea is shown. As long as the shape is to be measured, a plated plate having multiple rings and capable of measuring the shape of the entire cornea may be used, or other configurations may be used, and the configuration is not limited to the configuration of this embodiment. An alignment system 35 is provided behind the kerato system 37 (kerato plate 37a).

The alignment system 35 has a pair of alignment light sources 35a and a projection lens 35b, and the luminous flux from each alignment light source 35a is made into a parallel luminous flux by each projection lens 35b, and the eye E is examined through an alignment hole provided in the kerato plate 37a. The parallel light flux is projected onto the corneal Ec. The control unit 26 drives the right horizontal drive unit 22bR to move the right eye measurement head 23R in the front-rear direction based on the bright spot (bright spot image) projected (projected) on the cornea Ec on the anterior eye portion image E'. By moving it in the (Z direction), the alignment in the front-rear direction (Z direction) along the optical axis of the observation system 31 is performed. This alignment in the front-rear direction is performed by adjusting the position of the right eye measurement head 23R so that the ratio of the distance between the two point images by the alignment light source 35a on the image sensor 31g and the diameter of the keratling image is within a predetermined range. .. Here, the control unit 26 may obtain the alignment deviation amount from the ratio and display the alignment deviation amount on the display screen 30a. The alignment in the front-rear direction may be performed by adjusting the position of the right eye measurement head 23R so that the bright spot image Br by the alignment light source 36a described later is in focus.

Further, the observation system 31 is provided with an alignment system 36. The alignment system 36 has an alignment light source 36a and a projection lens 36b, and shares a half mirror 31c, a dichroic filter 31b, and an objective lens 31a with the observation system 31. The alignment system 36 projects (projects) the luminous flux from the alignment light source 36a onto the cornea Ec as a parallel luminous flux via the objective lens 31a. The control unit 26 drives the right horizontal drive unit 22bR and the right vertical drive unit 22aR based on the bright spot (bright spot image) projected (projected) on the corneal Ec on the anterior segment image E', and drives the right. By moving the eye measurement head 23R in the left-right direction (X direction) and the up-down direction (Y direction), the alignment is performed in the left-right direction (X direction) and the up-down direction (Y direction). At this time, the control unit 26 displays the alignment mark AL, which is a guideline for the alignment mark, on the display screen 30a in addition to the anterior eye portion image E'in which the bright spot image Br is formed. Further, the control unit 26 may be configured to control so that the measurement is started when the alignment is completed.

The optotype projection system 32 (awareness inspection system 34) includes a display 32a, a half mirror 32b, a relay lens 32c, a reflection mirror 32d, a focusing lens 32e, a relay lens 32f, a field lens 32g, and a variable cross cylinder lens (VCC) 32h. The reflection mirror 32i and the dichroic filter 32j are provided, and the dichroic filter 31b and the objective lens 31a are shared with the observation system 31.

Further, the subjective inspection system 34 has at least two glare light sources 32k that irradiate the eye E to be inspected with glare light at a position surrounding the optical axis in an optical path different from the optical path leading to the display 32a or the like. The display 32a presents a fixed target or a punctate target as an optotype in order to fix the line of sight of the eye E to be inspected, and the characteristics of the eye E to be inspected (visual acuity value and correction power (distance power, near power)). Etc.) is presented as a subjective optometry target for subjective examination. As the display 32a, an EL (electroluminescence) or a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)) can be used, and an arbitrary image is displayed under the control of the control unit 26. The display 32a is movably provided along the optical axis at a position conjugate with the fundus Ef of the eye E to be inspected on the optical path of the optotype projection system 32 (subjective examination system 34).

Further, in the optotype projection system 32 (awareness inspection system 34), a pinhole plate 32p is provided at a position on the optical path that is substantially conjugated with the pupil of the eye E to be inspected. The pinhole plate 32p is formed by providing a through hole in the plate member so that the optotype projection system 32 (awareness inspection system 34) can be inserted into the optical path and separated from the optical path, and is inserted into the optical path. Then, the through hole is positioned on the optical axis. By inserting the pinhole plate 32p into the optical path in the subjective examination mode, it is possible to perform a pinhole test for determining whether or not the eye E to be inspected can be corrected by the spectacles. In the first embodiment, the pinhole plate 32p is provided between the field lens 32g and the VCS 32h, and is inserted and detached under the control of the control unit 26. The position where the pinhole plate 32p is provided may be provided at a position on the optical path that is substantially conjugated with the pupil of the eye E to be inspected, and is not limited to the first embodiment.

Further, the optotype projection system 32 has an alignment light source 32l and a chart plate (mask) 32m for presenting an optotype for confirming the state of the optical path of the optical system. A cross-shaped chart is drawn as a target on the chart plate 32 m. The alignment light source 32l emits a luminous flux having the same wavelength as the alignment light source 36 so that the image pickup element 31g of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 and the image pickup element 44 of the second optical unit 42 can acquire an image. The luminous flux from the alignment light source 32l passes through the chart plate 32m to become the luminous flux of the cross-shaped chart, and the cross-shaped chart (figure) is projected from the optotype projection system 32.

The optical power measurement system 33 includes a ring-shaped luminous flux projection system 33A that projects a ring-shaped measurement pattern on the fundus Ef of the eye E to be inspected, and a ring that detects (receives) the reflected light of the ring-shaped measurement pattern from the fundus Ef. It has a luminous flux light receiving system 33B. The ring-shaped luminous flux projection system 33A includes a reflex light source unit 33a, a relay lens 33b, a pupil ring diaphragm 33c, a field lens 33d, a perforated prism 33e, and a rotary prism 33f, and uses a dichroic filter 32j as an objective projection system 32 ( It is shared with the subjective inspection system 34), and the dichroic filter 31b and the objective lens 31a are shared with the observation system 31. The reflex light source unit unit 33a has, for example, a reflex measurement light source 33g for reflex measurement using an LED, a collimator lens 33h, a conical prism 33i, and a ring pattern forming plate 33j, which are refracted by the eye under the control of the control unit 26. The force measuring system 33 can be integrally moved on the optical axis.

The ring-shaped light emitting light receiving system 33B has a hole 33p of a perforated prism 33e, a field lens 33q, a reflection mirror 33r, a relay lens 33s, a focusing lens 33t, and a reflection mirror 33u. The dichroic filter 31e, the imaging lens 31f, and the imaging element 31g are shared with the observation system 31, the dichroic filter 32j is shared with the optotype projection system 32 (awareness inspection system 34), and the rotary prism 33f and the perforated prism 33e are ringed. It is shared with the light beam projection system 33A.

Regarding the measurement of the refractive power of the eye and the subjective test using the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye and the measurement optical system 24L for the left eye as described above, for example, the operation described in JP-A-2017-63978 and the like. The same operation can be performed.

[Control unit]
The control unit 26 comprehensively controls each unit of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 26 includes the above-mentioned measurement optical system 24L for the left eye, the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye, the left vertical drive unit 22aL of the left eye drive mechanism 22L, and the left horizontal drive unit. 22bL and left rotation drive unit 22cL, right vertical drive unit 22aR of right eye drive mechanism 22R, right horizontal drive unit 22bR and right rotation drive unit 22cR, examiner controller (first input unit) 27, and cover. The examiner controller (second input unit) 28, the storage unit 29, and the display unit 30 are connected. Further, an image sensor (CCD) 44 as an image acquisition unit of the second optical unit 42 can also be connected to the control unit 26.

The examiner controller 27 is used by the examiner to operate the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10. The examiner controller 27 is provided with various operation buttons for measuring the characteristics of the eye to be inspected. The subject controller 28 is used for the subject to respond when acquiring various types of eye information of the subject. Both the examiner controller 27 and the examinee controller 28 include input devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a joystick. Further, regarding the controller 27 for the examiner, if the display unit 30 is a touch panel type, this touch panel may also be included. The control unit 26 is connected to the examiner controller 27 and the examinee controller 28, respectively, via a wired or wireless communication path.

The control unit 26 expands the program stored in the connected storage unit 29 or the built-in internal memory 26a on, for example, a RAM, and appropriately responds to an operation on the examiner controller 27 or the examinee controller 28. The operation of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 is comprehensively controlled. In the present embodiment, the internal memory 26a is composed of RAM or the like, and the storage unit 29 is composed of ROM, EEPROM or the like.

The display screen 30a (see FIG. 4) of the display unit 30 is output from 31 g of an image sensor (CCD) provided in the observation system 31 or the measurement system (for example, the eye refractive power measurement system 33 in the first embodiment). The anterior segment image E'and the like based on the image signal are displayed. Further, when adjusting the inclination (twist) of the measurement head 23 (measurement optical system 24), a cross-shaped scale image S and a cross-shaped chart image C as reference lines are displayed on the display screen 30a (FIG. 8. See FIG. 9). The center of the scale image S coincides with the origin (center) of the image sensor 31g or the image sensor 44. The display unit 30 is provided on the examiner controller 27 in this embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a personal computer (PC) display separate from the examiner controller 27 can be used as the display unit 30.

[1st and 2nd optical units]
The detailed configurations of the first and second optical units 40 and 42 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the first optical unit 40 and its optical path. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the second optical unit 42 and its optical path. Both the first and second optical units 40 and 42 are used by being attached to the forehead portion 15. When the first and second optical units 40 and 42 are attached to the forehead portion 15, the optical paths of the optotype projection systems 32 of the left and right measurement optical systems 24L and 24R are merged, and the optotype projection systems 32 respectively merge. The optical elements are arranged so that the light flux of the projected chart can be guided to both the imaging elements 31g or the imaging element 44.

The first optical unit 40 is mainly used by a user who uses the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 to grasp the state of the optical path of the measurement head 23 (measurement optical system 24). As shown in FIG. 6, the first optical unit 40 has a housing body 40a made of a substantially L-shaped square cylinder, and is attached to the forehead portion 15 so as to be detachably attached to the center of the side surface of the housing body 40a on the long side. A member 40b is provided. Inside the housing 40a, as optical elements, a first reflection mirror 41a, a half mirror (deflection member) 41b arranged in the reflection path of the first reflection mirror 41a, and a reflection path (or transmission) of the half mirror 41b. A second reflection mirror 41c arranged in the optical path) is housed.

In the first embodiment, the control unit 26 generates an image of the scale image S, superimposes it on the image of the chart image C, and displays it on the display unit 30 based on the coordinates of the image sensor 31g. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and a scale is provided in or near the second reflection mirror 41c of the first optical unit 41, and the light flux of the chart is reflected by the second reflection mirror 41c together with the chart image C. The scale image S may be acquired by the image sensor 31g, and the control unit 26 may generate an image based on the acquired image signal and display it on the display unit 30.

Such a first optical unit 40 is attached to the forehead portion 15, for example, the alignment light source 32l of the optotype projection system 32 for the left eye is turned on, and a cross-shaped chart (figure) is formed through the chart plate 32m. When projected, the luminous flux of this chart is emitted from the measurement optical system 24L for the left eye through the optical path of the target projection system 32, refracted by the deflection member 25bL for the left eye, and projected onto the first reflection mirror 41a of the first optical unit 40. Incident.

This luminous flux is reflected by the first reflection mirror 41a, further reflected by the half mirror 41b, and then incident on the second reflection mirror 41c. Next, this light beam is reflected by the second reflection mirror 41c, passes through the half mirror 41b, and then is incident on the right eye deflection member 25bR, is refracted by the right eye deflection member 25bR, and is incident on the right eye measurement optical system 24R. Then, the light is received by the image pickup element 31g via the observation system 31 of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye or the measurement system (eye refractive power measurement system 33 or the like). Further, a part of the light beam of the chart reflected by the second reflection mirror 41c is reflected by the half mirror 41b and guided to the first reflection mirror 41a, and is reflected by the first reflection mirror 41a to the left eye deflecting member 25bL. Is incident on the left eye, is refracted by the left eye deflection member 25 bL, is incident on the left eye measurement optical system 24 L, and passes through the observation system 31 or the measurement system (eye refractive force measurement system 33, etc.) of the left eye measurement optical system 24 L. Then, the light is received by the image pickup element 31g.

The control unit 26 displays a composite image of the chart image C based on the image signal from the image sensor 31g of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye and the scale image S indicating the origin of the image sensor 31g on the display screen 30a of the display unit 30. Output. Further, the control unit 26 displays a display screen of the display unit 30 by combining a chart image C based on an image signal from the image sensor 31g of the left eye measurement optical system 24L and a scale image S indicating the origin of the image sensor 31g. Output to 30a. The control unit 26 may display one of the left and right images, display them side by side in parallel, or color-code them so that the left and right chart images C can be identified. It may be combined and displayed.

On the other hand, when the alignment light source 32l of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye is turned on and a cross-shaped chart (target) is projected by the target projection system 32, the luminous flux of this chart is on the right through the optical path of the target projection system 32. It is emitted from the eye measurement optical system 24R, refracted by the right eye deflection member 25bR, and incident on the half mirror 41b of the first optical unit 40. This light beam passes through the half mirror 41b and is incident on the second reflection mirror 41c, is reflected by the second reflection mirror 41c, is reflected by the half mirror 41b, and is incident on the first reflection mirror 41a.

Next, this luminous flux is reflected by the first reflection mirror 41a and is incident on the left eye deflection member 25bL, is refracted by the left eye deflection member 25bL and is incident on the left eye measurement optical system 24L, and is incident on the left eye measurement optical system 24L. The light is received by the image pickup device 31g via the observation system 31 or the measurement system (eye refractive power measurement system 33, etc.). Further, a part of the luminous flux of the chart reflected by the second reflection mirror 41c passes through the half mirror 41b and is incident on the right eye deflection member 25bR, and is refracted by the right eye deflection member 25bR for measurement for the right eye. It is incident on the optical system 24R and is received by the image pickup element 31g of the right eye measurement optical system 24R via the observation system 31 or the measurement system (eye refractive power measurement system 33 or the like).

Also in this case, the control unit 26 displays an image in which the chart image C and the scale image S are combined based on the image signal from the image sensor 31g of the left eye measurement optical system 24L. Alternatively, an image in which the chart image C and the scale image S are combined is displayed on the display unit 30 based on the image signal from the image sensor 31g of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye, or the left and right images are arranged in parallel. The image and the image obtained by synthesizing these images are displayed on the display unit 30.

In this way, the chart image C projected by the left or right optotype projection system 32 by the first optical unit 40 can be acquired by the right and left image pickup elements 31g, respectively, and one or both image pickup elements can be acquired. Based on the chart image C and the scale image S based on the output signal from 31 g, it is possible to grasp the state of the optical path such as the presence or absence of twist and the degree of twist of the optical paths of the left and right measurement optical systems 24L and 24R. Based on this, the inclinations of the left and right measurement optical systems 24L and 24R can be adjusted.

The second optical unit 42 is mainly used when analyzing the state of the optical axis of the measurement optical system 24 at a manufacturing factory or the like before shipping the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10. Further, if it is attached to an ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 that does not have an imaging element such as a part of a phoropter, the second optical unit 42 observes the chart images C from the respective measurement optical systems 24L and 24R, and each measurement optical It is also possible to grasp the state of the optical axes of the systems 24L and 24R.

As shown in FIG. 7, the second optical unit 42 has a housing body 42a made of an L-shaped square cylinder, and is a mounting member that is detachably attached to the forehead portion 15 at the center of the side surface of the housing body 42a on the long side. 42b is provided. A reflection mirror 43a and a half mirror (deflection member) 43b arranged in the reflection path of the reflection mirror 43a are housed in the housing 42a as optical elements. Further, in the second optical unit 42, an image sensor (CCD) 44 as an image acquisition unit is provided in the reflection path (or transmitted optical path) of the half mirror 43b.

When such a second optical unit 42 is attached to the forehead portion 15, for example, when the alignment light source 32l of the left eye measurement optical system 24L is turned on and the optotype projection system 32 projects a cross chart (figure), the second optical unit 42 is projected. The chart image C is refracted by the left eye deflection member 25bL and incident on the reflection mirror 43a of the second optical unit 42. The chart image C is reflected by the reflection mirror 43a, further reflected by the half mirror 43b, and then received by the image pickup device 44.

On the other hand, when the alignment light source 32l of the measurement optical system 24R for the right eye is turned on and a cross chart (target) is projected by the optotype projection system 32, this chart image C is refracted by the deflection member 25bR for the right eye and the second It is incident on the half mirror 43b of the optical unit 42. The chart image C passes through the half mirror 43b and is received by the image sensor 44.

In this way, the chart image C projected by the left or right optotype projection system 32 by the second optical unit 42 can be received by the image pickup device 44, and the chart image C received by the image pickup device 44 is used. Then, the state of the optical path of the left and right measurement optical systems 24L and 24R can be grasped.

In the second optical unit 42, an eyepiece such as an eyepiece may be connected instead of the image sensor 44 so that the user or the operator can directly observe the chart image C through the eyepiece. That is, this eyepiece functions as an image acquisition unit that acquires the chart image C. Alternatively, an eyepiece member may be provided separately from the image sensor 44, and a part of the light incident on the image sensor 44 may be taken out by a deflection optical member (beam splitter or the like) and guided to the eyepiece member. Further, in this case, by arranging a reticle on the optical path on which a cross scale indicating the reference position is drawn, the scale image S and the chart image C can be observed at the same time by the eyepiece member.

In the ophthalmic device 1 of the first embodiment having the above-described configuration, the measurement head 23 is rotated around the θ axis around the connection portion with the connection shaft 50 by the movement of the measurement head 23 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by the drive mechanism 22. , It may rotate around the α-axis and around the β-axis, causing a deviation from the initial posture at the time of shipment. If the deviation of the posture of the measurement head 23 exceeds the permissible range, the optical axis of the measurement optical system 24 with respect to the eye E to be inspected also twists (displaces), making it difficult for the subject to fuse during binocular measurement. Or it may affect the measurement accuracy.

In the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, the state of the optical path of the measurement optical system 24 can be grasped based on the image of the optotype, and the posture of the measurement head 23 (measurement optical system 24) can be appropriately adjusted. It was done. Hereinafter, as an example of a procedure for grasping the state of the optical path of the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of the first embodiment and adjusting the posture of the measurement head 23, refer to FIGS. 8 and 9 for the procedure for adjusting the inclination of the right eye deflection unit 25R. I will explain while. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining how the right eye measurement head 23 is rotated around the β axis. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing how the right eye deflection unit 25R and the objective lens 31a are rotated around the α axis.

In the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 of the first embodiment, under the control of the control unit 26, the right eye measurement optical system 24R of the right eye measurement head 23 is operated, the alignment light source 32l is turned on, and the optotype projection system 32 has a cross shape. When the chart is projected, the luminous flux of the chart is guided by the first optical unit 40 (or the second optical unit 42) as described above, and the image pickup element 31 g (of the second optical unit 42) of the left eye measurement optical system 24L In this case, the light is received by the image pickup element 44, hereinafter omitted).

As shown on the right side of the paper in FIG. 7, the control unit 26 displays an image obtained by synthesizing a chart image C based on the image signal output from the image sensor 31g and a scale image S indicating the origin of the image sensor 31g. It is displayed on the display screen 30a. By visually recognizing the display screen 30a, the user or the like can grasp the deviation of the chart image C with respect to the scale image S, that is, the twist of the optical path of the measurement optical system 24 with respect to the eye E to be inspected.

In the example of FIG. 7, since the right eye measurement head 23R is tilted around the θ axis, the α axis, and the β axis, the center of the chart image C is deviated from the center (origin) of the scale image S and the chart image. The vertical axis and the horizontal axis of C are also displayed tilted with respect to the vertical axis and the horizontal axis of the scale image S.

First, in order to adjust the inclination of the chart image C, the right eye measurement head 23R is rotated around the β axis. Specifically, by attaching the tool 60 to the eccentric pin 52R and rotating the tool 60, the right eye measurement head 23R is centered on the rotation shaft 23bR in the direction indicated by the arrow on the left side of the paper in FIG. 7, that is, β. Rotate around the axis.

By this rotation, as shown on the right side of the paper in FIG. 8, the vertical axis and the horizontal axis of the chart image C become parallel to the vertical axis and the horizontal axis of the scale image S, and the inclination of the chart image C is appropriately adjusted. NS. Since the right eye measurement head 23R is relatively heavy, it is desirable to use a tool 60 having a large torque. When the adjustment by rotation around the β axis is completed, the screw 54R fastened to the screw hole of the right housing portion 23aR is tightened via the long groove 51bR. Further, the eccentric pin 52R inserted through the U-shaped groove 51aR is fixed to the right housing portion 23aR by an appropriate means. As a result, the right housing portion 23aR is fixed to the connection plate 51, and unexpected rotation from the adjustment position is prevented.

At this stage, since the inclinations around the α-axis and the θ-axis are not adjusted, the center of the chart image C is deviated from the origin of the chart image C. First, in order to adjust the inclination around the α-axis, as shown in the left view of the paper in FIG. 8, the tool 61 is attached to the eccentric pin 53R, and the tool 61 is rotated to obtain the right eye deflection unit 25R in FIG. Rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow on the left side of the paper, that is, around the α axis.

By this rotation, the chart image C moves in the vertical direction of the paper surface of FIG. In the example of FIG. 8, since the chart image C is located below the paper surface of the scale image S, the right eye deflection unit 25R is rotated so that the horizontal axis of the chart image C becomes the horizontal axis of the scale image S. The chart image C is moved upward until they match. Since the right eye deflection unit 25R is relatively lightweight, it can be rotated by a tool 61 having a small torque such as a driver. When the adjustment by rotation around the α axis is completed, the screw 55R fastened to the screw hole of the right housing portion 23aR is tightened via the long groove 25cR. Further, the screw 56R of the eccentric pin 53R inserted into the U-shaped groove 25bR is screwed into the mounting hole 23cR of the right housing portion 23aR. As a result, the right eye deflection unit 25R is fixed to the right housing portion 23aR, and unexpected rotation from the adjustment position is prevented.

Next, the rotation drive mechanism 22cR may be driven to rotate the right eye measurement head 23R around the θ axis to adjust the deviation in the left-right direction of the paper surface. In this case, the chart image C moves in the left-right direction of the paper surface of FIG. In the example of FIG. 8, since the chart image C is located on the right side of the paper surface with respect to the scale image S, the vertical axis of the chart image C coincides with the vertical axis of the scale image S by rotating the right eye measurement head 23R. Move the chart image C to the left until. Since the adjustment around θ can be adjusted by the alignment at the time of measurement, it is not necessary to perform the adjustment here.

By the above operation, the chart image C matches the scale image S, the inclinations of the right eye measurement head 23R around the α, β, and θ axes are adjusted, and the posture can be returned to the initial posture. The twist of the optical path of the system 24R can be properly reset. By performing the same operation on the left eye measurement head 23L, the inclinations around the α, β, and θ axes can be adjusted to return to the appropriate posture in the initial state. Since the user or the like can perform the posture adjustment work while visually recognizing the chart image C of the display unit 30, the inclination of the measurement head 23 can be adjusted more easily and accurately.

Further, in the first embodiment, the chart image C and the scale image S projected by one of the optotype projection systems 32 of the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R are displayed on the left eye measurement head 23L and the right eye measurement head 23R. Both image pickup elements (31 g) can receive light (see FIG. 6). Therefore, the chart image C and the scale image S based on the image signals from both image pickup devices 31g may be displayed on the display unit 30, and the inclination may be adjusted based on these images. If the posture of the right eye measurement head 23R is improper, the positions of the two chart images C are shifted and displayed. By rotating the right eye measurement head 23R around the α, β, and θ axes so that the positions of the two chart images C match, the inclination of the right eye measurement head 23R is adjusted to obtain an appropriate posture. be able to.

Next, the action and effect of the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of Example 1 will be described. As described above, the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of the first embodiment observes the optotype projection system 32 that projects the optotype (chart) and the optotype image (chart image C) projected by the optotype projection system 32. The observation system is relative to the reference position (scale) of the optotype (chart) projected by the optotype projection system 32 and the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 arranged in pairs corresponding to the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject. An image acquisition unit (imaging element 31g, 44, eyepiece lens) for acquiring an image of an optotype (chart image C) for confirming a positional relationship and a pair of optotype projection systems 32 are detachably provided on the optical path. A light guide optical system that merges the optical paths of the pair of optotype projection systems 32 and guides the light beam of the optotype (chart) from the pair of optotype projection systems 32 to the image acquisition unit (imaging elements 31g, 44, eyepiece). The optical units 40 and 42 having (the first reflection mirror 41a, the half mirror 41b, the second reflection mirror 41c, the reflection mirror 43a, and the half mirror 43b) are provided.

Therefore, the chart image C projected from the optotype projection system 32 of one of the measurement optical systems 24L and 24R is acquired by the image acquisition unit (image sensor 31g, 44, eyepiece), and the positional relationship with respect to the scale image S is determined. You can check. When the positional relationship of the chart image C with respect to the scale image S is appropriate (for example, the center, vertical axis, and horizontal axis of the scale image S and the chart image C match or the deviation is within the allowable range), one of the measurement optical systems It can be seen that the optical paths of 24L and 24R are not twisted and are appropriate. On the other hand, when the positional relationship of the chart image C with respect to the scale image S is not appropriate (for example, the deviation of the center, the vertical axis, and the horizontal axis between the scale image S and the chart image C exceeds the permissible range). It can be seen that the optical paths of the optical systems 24L and 24R are twisted. Therefore, the state of the optical path of one of the measurement optical systems 24L and 24R can be grasped. Further, the state of the optical path can be grasped by the same operation for the other measurement optical systems 24L and 24R. By adjusting one and the other measurement optical systems 24L and 24R to an appropriate posture based on the state of such an optical path, each optical path can be returned to an appropriate state.

Further, in the ophthalmic apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, an image acquisition unit (imaging element 31 g) is provided in the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10, and the light guide optical system (first reflection mirror 41a, half mirror 41b, first) of the first optical unit 40 is provided. The two-reflection mirror 41c) is a measurement system (optical power) that measures the characteristics of one or the other observation system 31 or the eye by measuring the image of the optotype (chart image C) projected from one of the pair of optotype projection systems 32. It is configured to be guided to the image acquisition unit (imaging element 31g) via the measurement system 33 and the like). Therefore, for example, the chart image C projected from the target projection system 32 on the right side can be received by the image pickup device 31g on the right side, or can be received by the image pickup element 31g on the left side. Thereby, the state of the optical path can be grasped in more detail according to the function of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10. Further, the image sensor 31 included in the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 can be used as an image acquisition unit, and it is not necessary to separately provide an image acquisition unit, so that the ophthalmic apparatus 1 can be simplified and made compact.

Further, in the first embodiment, the image acquisition unit (image sensor 44) is provided in the second optical unit 42, and the light guide optical system (reflection mirror 43a, half mirror 43b) is provided from the pair of optotype projection systems 32, respectively. It is configured to guide the projected image of the optotype (chart image C) to the image acquisition unit (image sensor 44). With this configuration, it is possible to grasp whether or not the positional relationship of the chart image C with respect to the scale image S is appropriate for the image sensor 44 of the second optical unit 42 without operating the observation system 31 of the measurement optical systems 24L and 24R. can. Therefore, for example, the state of the optical path of many ophthalmic devices 1 can be easily and quickly grasped in the factory before shipment. It can also be applied to an ophthalmic apparatus 1 that does not have an observation system 31, such as some phoropters.

Further, in the first embodiment, the image acquisition unit is the image sensor 31g, 44, and the reference position is determined based on the coordinates of the image sensor 31g, 44. That is, the origin (center) of the image pickup devices 31g and 44 obtained based on the number of pixels and the like can be set as the center of the reference position. Thereby, the reference position can be easily determined. In the first embodiment, since the chart image C is displayed on the display unit 30, a cross-shaped scale image S centered on the origins of the image pickup devices 31g and 44 is displayed together with the chart image C as a reference position. ing. The image of the scale image S may be created by the control unit 26 by a program and displayed on the display unit 30, or the scale image S acquired by the image pickup devices 31g and 44 by projecting a cross-shaped scale is displayed. It may be displayed on the unit 30.

Further, the image pickup devices 31g and 44 may be connected to the micro display so that the image acquired by the image pickup devices 31g and 44 can be observed by the viewer of the micro display.

Further, in the first embodiment, the control unit 26 for controlling the image pickup devices 31g and 44 and the display section 30 for displaying the image of the optotype (chart image C) acquired by the image pickup device 31g are provided. An image in which an image of the optotype (chart image C) and a reference optotype (scale image S) corresponding to the reference position are superimposed based on the image signal from the image sensor 31g is displayed on the display unit 30. As a result, the user or the like can visually recognize the image of the display unit 30 and easily grasp the positional relationship between the chart image C and the scale image S and the twist of the optical path.

In the first embodiment, the image sensor 44 of the second optical unit 42 is controlled by the control unit 26 of the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10, but the control unit that controls the image sensor 44 is separately from the control unit 26. It may be provided. For example, when the microdisplay is connected to the image sensor 44, the electronic circuit that controls the microdisplay can be used as the control unit of the image sensor 44.

Further, the image acquisition unit may be an eyepiece optical member (eyepiece lens), and the eyepiece optical member may be provided with a reference target (scale image S) indicating a reference position. In this case, it is not necessary to acquire the chart image C with the image sensor 31g. Further, an eyepiece may be provided instead of the image sensor 44 of the second optical unit 42. With this configuration, the user or the like can directly and easily confirm the positional relationship between the chart image C and the scale image S with the eyepiece. Further, the optical unit 42 and the like can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

Further, in the first and second optical units 41 and 42 of the first embodiment, the eyepiece optical member (eyepiece) and the image of the optotype (chart image C) are combined with the eyepiece optical member and the image acquisition unit (imaging elements 31g, 44). ) May be provided with an optical path branching member (beam splitter). With this configuration, the positional relationship between the chart image C and the scale image S can be confirmed based on the images acquired by the image pickup devices 31g and 44, and can be directly confirmed by the user or the like with the eyepiece. Therefore, it is possible to save the trouble of displaying the image acquired by the image pickup devices 31g and 44 on the display unit 30. The images acquired by the image pickup devices 31g and 44 can be used by the control unit 26 for various processes (for example, automatically adjusting the state of the optical path based on the images).

Further, in the first embodiment, the drive mechanism 22 is suspended from the arm 14, and the measurement optical system 24 is suspended from the drive mechanism 22. In this configuration, a space can be provided in front of the subject, and the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 that does not give a feeling of oppression to the subject can be provided. Even with such a hanging type measurement optical system 24, the state of the optical path can be grasped and the twist of the optical path due to use can be appropriately adjusted, so that highly accurate measurement is possible.

Further, the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 of the first embodiment is provided with a pair of measurement optical systems 24 (measurement heads 23) corresponding to the left and right eyes E to be inspected. With this configuration, the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 can acquire the eye information of each eye to be inspected in the state of binocular vision. Further, by returning the twist of the optical path of the measurement optical system 24 to an appropriate state, the subject can appropriately fuse the optotype and the like, and the characteristics of the eye E to be inspected by the ophthalmic apparatus main body 10 can be highly accurate. Can be measured.

Although the main body of the ophthalmic apparatus of the present invention has been described above based on the examples, the specific configuration is not limited to the examples, and the gist of the invention according to each claim of the claims. Design changes and additions are permitted as long as they do not deviate from.

For example, in the above embodiment, the measurement optical system 24 (measurement head 23) is manually rotated around the α-axis and the β-axis by using the tools 60 and 61, but the present invention is not limited to this. , May be done automatically. For example, in addition to the first rotation drive mechanism (rotation drive unit 22c) that rotates the observation system 31 around an axis θ parallel to the eyeball rotation axes OL, OR (θ axis) of the eye to be inspected, the observation system 31 is added. An image acquisition unit (imaging) and a rotation drive mechanism consisting of at least one of a second rotation drive mechanism that rotates around the first horizontal axis and a third rotation drive mechanism that rotates the observation system around the second horizontal axis. The configuration may include a control unit 26 that drives and controls the rotation drive mechanism based on the image of the optotype (chart image C) and the reference position (scale image S) acquired by the elements 31g, 44,). The axis parallel to the eyeball rotation axes OL and OR (θ axis) of the eye to be inspected may be the eyeball rotation axes OL and OR itself of the eye to be inspected, and if parallel to this, the connection axis 50R and the observation system. It may be a rotation shaft owned by 31 itself.

With this configuration, the twist of the optical path can be adjusted more quickly and with higher accuracy. When the twist of the optical path is automatically adjusted in this way, it is not necessary to display the chart image C and the scale image S on the display unit 30, but the chart image C and the scale image S may be displayed for confirmation by the user or the like. good.

1 Ophthalmic apparatus 10 Ophthalmic apparatus main body 24 Measurement optical system 24L Left eye measurement optical system 24R Right eye measurement optical system 26 Control unit 30 Display unit 31 Observation system 31g Imaging element 32 Target projection system 32l Alignment light source 40 First optical unit 41a 1st reflection mirror 41b Half mirror 41c 2nd reflection mirror 42 2nd optical unit 43a Reflection mirror 43b Half mirror 44 Imaging element 22cL Left rotation drive unit 22cR Right rotation drive unit OL, OR Eyeball rotation axis C Chart image S scale image

Claims (8)

An ophthalmologist in which a pair of an optotype projection system that projects an optotype and an observation system that observes an image of the optotype projected by the optotype projection system are arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye of the subject. With the device body
An image acquisition unit that acquires an image of the optotype in order to confirm the positional relationship of the optotype projected by the optotype projection system with respect to a reference position, and an image acquisition unit.
It is detachably provided on the optical path of the pair of the optotype projection systems, merges the optical paths of the pair of the optotype projection systems, and obtains the luminous flux of the optotype from the pair of the optotype projection systems into the image acquisition unit. An optical unit with a light guide optical system that leads to
An ophthalmic device characterized by being equipped with. The image acquisition unit is provided in the main body of the ophthalmic apparatus, and the light guide optical system displays an image of the optotype projected from one of the pair of optotype projection systems on one or the other of the observation system or the eye. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ophthalmic apparatus is configured to be guided to the image acquisition unit via a measurement system for measuring characteristics. The image acquisition unit is provided in the optical unit, and the light guide optical system is configured to guide an image of the optotype projected from each of the pair of optotype projection systems to the image acquisition unit. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 1. The ophthalmic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the image acquisition unit is an image pickup device, and the reference position is determined based on the coordinates of the image pickup device. A control unit that controls the image sensor and a display unit that displays an image of the target acquired by the image sensor are provided, and the control unit of the target is based on an image signal from the image sensor. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an image in which an image and a reference target corresponding to the reference position are superimposed is displayed on the display unit. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the image acquisition unit is an eyepiece optical member, and the eyepiece optical member is provided with a reference optotype indicating the reference position. Any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the optical unit includes an eyepiece optical member and an optical path branching member that guides an image of the optotype to the eyepiece optical member and the image acquisition unit. The ophthalmic apparatus described in. A first rotation drive mechanism that rotates the observation system around an axis parallel to the eyeball rotation axis of the left eye or the right eye, and a second rotation drive mechanism that rotates the observation system around a first horizontal axis. Based on the rotation drive mechanism including at least one of the third rotation drive mechanisms that rotate the observation system around the second horizontal axis, and the image and reference position of the optotype acquired by the image acquisition unit. The ophthalmic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a control unit for driving and controlling the rotation driving mechanism.

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