JP6959939B2 - 難燃性及び微粒子耐性編物物品 - Google Patents
難燃性及び微粒子耐性編物物品 Download PDFInfo
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 84
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 84
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 188
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Aminophenyl ether Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/0512—Neck or shoulders area
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
- A62B17/003—Fire-resistant or fire-fighters' clothes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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- A41D31/085—Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
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- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
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- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
- B32B5/279—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by a knit fabric layer next to a non-woven fabric layer
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2500/00—Materials for garments
- A41D2500/10—Knitted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
- B32B7/09—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means by stitching, needling or sewing
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Description
i)8グラム重以上の平均布地弾性率を有する、糸条から作製された第1の難燃性編布、ii)縦方向及び横方向を有し、1000nm未満の直径を有する複数の連続フィラメントからなる難燃性不織布であって、難燃性不織布におけるフィラメントは、縦方向に実質的に平行に配向され、横方向において伸縮性及び回復性を有する難燃性不織布、並びに
iii)8グラム重以上の平均布地弾性率を有する、糸条から作製された第2の難燃性編布、
から形成された耐久性多層布地積層体を含む防護衣服の物品に関し、
この場合に、この不織布は、第1及び第2の難燃性編布の間に位置し、それらと同一の広がりを有し、この不織布は、第1の有効直径を有する第1の非取り付け領域を画定する一組の第1の取り付け点によって第1の編布に取り付けられ、又、この不織布は、第2の有効直径を有する第2の非取り付け領域を画定する一組の第2の取り付け点によって第2の編布に取り付けられ、第1の非取り付け領域及び第2の非取り付け領域の両方はそれぞれ、式:
C<A≦(14×B)+100
に従って、平方センチメートル単位の値Aを有し、値Bは、グラム重での、第1の編布の平均布地弾性率と第2の編布の平均布地弾性率との合計であり、且つ、値Cは5平方センチメートルである。
C<A≦(14×B)+100
に従って、平方センチメートル単位の値Aを有し、値Bは、グラム重での、第1の編布の平均布地弾性率と第2の編布の平均布地弾性率との合計であり、値Cは5平方センチメートルである場合に、耐久性物品を作製することができることを見出した。((14×B)とは、Bを14倍したことを意味する。)5平方センチメートル以下の非取り付け領域は、あまりにもきつくともに布地を取付け、有用な局部的な移動が起こり得るように布地の間の十分な非取り付け領域をもたらさないと考えられる。保護物品は、カウルなどのものを含むネックカバー、フード、カラーなどのものを含むヘッドカバー、又は保護用具を接続する関連した物品である多くの好ましい実施形態においては、第1の非取り付け領域及び第2の非取り付け領域はそれぞれ、1200平方センチメートル以下の、平方センチメートル単位の値Aを有する。図1は、編布の複合された剛性と多層布地積層体の非取り付け領域との間の関係のグラフ表示である。本明細書において使用される場合、積層体に関して使用される「耐久性」という語は、積層体のサイズ寸法がその元のサイズから5%を超えて変化することなく、又は不可逆的に歪んでいることなく、積層体(1)が20回までの家庭洗濯(HML)サイクルに耐えることができ、(2)20回のHMLサイクルの後、積層体は、長さが2mmを超える内側不織布の破損なしに、50回、横方向に30%伸縮することができることを意味する。
繊維弾性率。編布の弾性率の剛性は、IST 90.3(1)を使用して、Thwing Albert instrument Co(Philadelphia,PA)によって製造された「handle−o−meter」装置を用いて測定される。この装置は、材料の試験片をスロットに押し込むときにブレードが受ける抵抗をグラム重で測定する。布地の弾性率は、布地の縦方向及び横方向において測定される。次いで、これらの2つの値を平均して、平均布地弾性率を得る。編物の場合、ウェールとして知られる垂直の列のループに平行な布地弾性率、及びコースとして知られる水平又は横の列のループに平行な布地弾性率を測定する場合と同様に、布地において垂直方向で測定された弾性率の平均である。
米国特許第7,618,579号明細書及び米国特許出願第2011/0144297号明細書に記載のプロセスと同様の方式で、ピロメリット酸二無水物(PMDA)、オキシジアニリン(ODA)、及びジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)を含むポリアミド酸(PAA)溶液を電気ブローして、一般的に連続したポリマー前駆体フィラメントの前駆体不織布シートを形成することによって、不織布N1〜N7を形成するためのいくつかの前駆体不織布シートを作製した。次いで、前駆体シートを、以下のように、横のウェブ方向でウェブ制限なく水平赤外線オーブンで更に処理した。
実施例1の洗濯積層体に耐久性の優良なものを、0.1〜0.8マイクロメートルの範囲の塩(NaCl)粒子及び0.4cm/秒の面速度を用いて濾過効率試験に供した。0.3マイクロメートルの粒子の濾過効率の結果を表4に示す。積層体が20回の洗浄サイクル後に非常に良好な粒子濾過効率を維持することは明らかである。
1.以下の層、順に、
i)8グラム重以上の平均布地弾性率を有する、糸条から作製された第1の難燃性編布、
ii)縦方向及び横方向を有し、1000nm未満の直径を有する複数の連続フィラメントからなる難燃性不織布であって、前記難燃性不織布における前記フィラメントは、前記縦方向に実質的に平行に配向され、前記横方向において伸縮性及び回復性を有する難燃性不織布、並びに
iii)8グラム重以上の平均布地弾性率を有する、糸条から作製された第2の難燃性編布、から形成された耐久性積層体を含む防護衣服の物品であって、前記不織布は、前記第1及び第2の難燃性編布の間に位置し、それらと同一の広がりを有し、前記不織布は、第1の有効直径を有する第1の非取り付け領域を画定する一組の第1の取り付け点によって前記第1の編布に取り付けられ、又、前記不織布は、第2の有効直径を有する第2の非取り付け領域を画定する一組の第2の取り付け点によって前記第2の編布に取り付けられ、前記第1の非取り付け領域及び前記第2の非取り付け領域の両方はそれぞれ、
式:C<A</=(14×B)+100
に従って、平方センチメートル単位の値Aを有し、値Bは、グラム重での、前記第1の編布の平均布地弾性率と前記第2の編布の平均布地弾性率との合計であり、且つ、値Cは5平方センチメートルである、防護衣服の物品。
2.防護衣服の物品の第1又は第2の難燃性布地は、150グラム重以下の平均布地弾性率を有する上記1に記載の防護衣服の物品。
3.防護衣服の物品の第1及び第2の難燃性布地は、150グラム重以下の平均布地弾性率を有する上記2に記載の防護衣服の物品。
4.値Aは、1200平方センチメートル以下である上記1ないし3のいずれかに記載の防護衣服の物品。
5.ヘッドカバーの形態の上記1ないし3のいずれかに記載の防護衣服の物品。
6.ネックカバーの形態の上記1ないし3のいずれかに記載の防護衣服の物品。
7.第1及び第2の難燃性布地は異なる、上記1ないし3のいずれかに記載の防護衣服の物品。
8.不織布は、完全芳香族ポリイミドである、上記1ないし3のいずれかに記載の防護衣服の物品。
Claims (7)
- 以下の層から形成された耐久性積層体を含む防護衣服の物品であって、前記層は順に、
i)糸条から作製され8グラム重以上の平均布地弾性率を有する第1の難燃性編布と、
ii)縦方向と横方向とを有する難燃性不織布であって、1000nm未満の直径を有する複数の連続フィラメントからなり、前記難燃性不織布における前記フィラメントは、前記縦方向と実質的に平行に配向され、前記横方向において50%までの伸びで90%以上の回復性を有する難燃性不織布と、
iii)糸条から作製され8グラム重以上の平均布地弾性率を有する第2の難燃性編布と、であり
前記難燃性不織布は、前記第1および第2の難燃性編布の間で前記第1および第2の難燃性編布と同一の広がりを有するように位置決めされ、
前記難燃性不織布は、前記第1および第2の難燃性編布に、縫い付けによる前記第1および第2の難燃性編布の層の機械的取付けの点である複数組の取付け点によって、取付けられ、
前記難燃性不織布は、前記第1の難燃性編布に取付けられ、前記難燃性不織布は、同じ取付け点を使用して、前記第2の難燃性編布に取付けられ、
前記取付け点の組の各々は、前記難燃性不織布と前記第1および第2の難燃性編布との間の局所的な動きを可能にする非取付け領域を規定し、該非取付け領域の各々が、前記取付け点の組によって形成された領域内に適合する最大円の直径である有効直径を有し、
前記非取付け領域の各々が、前記有効直径を有する円の算出された平方センチメートルで示される面積である数値Aを有し、
前記数値Aは、5平方センチメートル以上1200平方センチメートル以下であり、下記式にしたがって前記第1の難燃性編布の平均布地弾性率および前記第2の難燃性編布の平均布地弾性率と関連し、
A≦(14cm 2 /g重×B)+100
上記値Bは、前記第1の難燃性編布の平均布地弾性率と前記第2の難燃性編布の平均布地弾性率の合計であり、
前記編布の平均布地弾性率が、ウェールとして知られる縦の列のループに平行に測定された布地弾性率と、コースとして知られる横の列のループに平行に測定された布地弾性率との平均であり、
前記測定された布地弾性率は、IST 90.3(1)を使用して不織布または編布をスロットに押し込んだときブレードが受ける抵抗である、
ことを特徴とする防護衣服の物品。 - 前記第1または第2の難燃性編布が、150グラム重以下の平均布地弾性率を有している、
請求項1に記載の防護衣服の物品。 - 前記第1および第2の難燃性編布が、150グラム重以下の平均布地弾性率を有している、
請求項1に記載の防護衣服の物品。 - 前記物品が、頭巾である、
請求項1に記載の防護衣服の物品。 - 前記物品が、首カバーである、
請求項1に記載の防護衣服の物品。 - 前記第1の難燃性編布と第2の難燃性編布が異なっている、
請求項1に記載の防護衣服の物品。 - 前記難燃性編布が、完全芳香族ポリイミドである、
請求項1に記載の防護衣服の物品。
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