JP6941680B2 - 核酸内に存在する情報の秘匿化 - Google Patents
核酸内に存在する情報の秘匿化 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる2016年10月24日に出願された米国特許仮出願番号第62/411,998号明細書に対する優先権の利益を主張する。
(a)安全な施設内で、核酸から構成されるバーコードのセットを生成し、それらを消費者に供給することにより、バーコードの特性が消費者以外の全員に隠されるようにすることと、
(b)分析対象の核酸にバーコードを付加することと、
(c)このバーコード化(barcoded)核酸と他のバーコード化核酸とを組み合わせて、分析前にそれらの情報を秘匿化することと
を含む。
いくつかの実施形態では、バーコード及びそれらの関連アダプター、インデックス、又は核酸を秘匿化するのを支援するように機能する他の核酸もしくは化学物質は、いかなる監視装置も有しないことが保証され、安全な施設の外部のいかなる形態の通信も有しない施設内で生成される。いくつかの実施形態では、安全な施設は、望ましくない電磁通信を防ぐために、ファラデーケージなどの電磁シールドによって囲まれる。いくつかの実施形態では、施設内の機器及び機械は、電磁シールドによって囲まれる。いくつかの実施形態では、安全な施設は、銅製の電話回線又は光ファイバケーブルなど、施設の外部の通信ケーブルを欠いているであろう。いくつかの実施形態では、そのような施設内の電子装置は、施設の外部のいかなるものへの接続を欠き、外界から「空隙がある」であろう。いくつかの実施形態では、施設で働く個体は、カメラなどのいかなる種類の記録装置を有することも許可されないであろう。いくつかの実施形態では、安全な施設は建物として存在し、他の実施形態では、安全な施設は建物内の部屋又は部屋の集合として存在する。
いくつかの実施形態では、ともに参照により本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許公開第US2015/0211050号明細書及び米国特許公開第2015/0211061号明細書に記載の技術を用いて、濃縮前又は濃縮中に核酸にバーコードが付加される。
いくつかの実施形態では、秘匿化対象のバーコード化核酸は、類似のバーコード化核酸(すなわち、対照及び/又はデコイ核酸配列)とともにプールされる。例えば、対照核酸は、同じ種の同じ遺伝子に由来するが異なる個体に由来する核酸であり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、プールされた核酸は、関連する集団に見られるであろう核酸と類似しており、秘匿化対象の核酸とも類似している。例えば、集団内の同じ遺伝子及び同じ民族に由来する核酸。いくつかの実施形態では、バーコード化核酸は、潜在的形質を表し得る比較的高い比率の核酸を含む他のバーコード化核酸とともにプールされる。例えば、バーコード化核酸は、疾患保有変異体(disease carrying variant)の割合が高い(民族的に適合する集団に見出されるであろうよりも疾患保有変異体の割合が高い)バーコード化核酸とともにプールされるであろう。
TACGCGAGATAC(配列番号1)又は
TACGCGAGATAA(配列番号2)又は
TACGCGAGATAT(配列番号3)又は
TACGCGAGATAG(配列番号4)
(これらの例のそれぞれでは、配列中の最後のヌクレオチドは4つのヌクレオチド塩基のうちの1つを取り得る)。このランダム化により、一部のサブセット内の一部のバーコードが他のサブセット内のバーコードと同一になる可能性がある。いくつかの実施形態では、ランダムバーコード配列は製造プロセスの前、後、又は製造プロセス中に完全に記録され、他の実施形態では、各サブセットに存在する正確なバーコード配列について不確実性が存在する。各サブセットに存在する正確なバーコード配列に関する不完全な情報は、安全性を高め、及び/又は製造コストを削減することができるが、結果として、分析から得られる結果に関する確実性を低下させる可能性がある。この不確実性は、消費者及び潜在的な敵対者が標的核酸とデコイとを区別する能力を低下させることができる。いくつかの実施形態では、当業者によって設計されたコンピュータプログラムを使用して費用便益分析を実行して、ランダムな潜在的に不完全に知られているバーコードサブセットの便益がこの技術の特定の用途に理想的であるかどうかを決定することができる。
Claims (23)
- 核酸内に存在し得る情報を秘匿化する方法であって、該方法が、
(a)バーコードを安全に生成することと、
(b)核酸にバーコードを付加してバーコード化核酸を作製することと、
(c)他の核酸とともにバーコード化核酸をプールすることと
を含み、
安全なバーコード生成が、各セットに存在するバーコードの表とともに多数のセットのバーコードを生成する施設内で行われ、
バーコード及びバーコードの表が、密封が破られた時を示す容器内に密封され、
同じ個々の核酸の試料を有する異なる核酸間でバーコードが完全に同一ではないように、バーコードが核酸分子に付加され、
バーコード化核酸と他のバーコード化核酸とのプール化が、核酸内に存在する情報を秘匿化する、上記方法。 - 消費者にとって関心のある核酸をバーコード化しプールすることができる核酸が提供される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 提供される核酸が安全な施設内でバーコード化される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 核酸に付加されたバーコードの表が消費者に提供される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 濃縮工程の前又は濃縮工程の間に核酸にバーコードが付加される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- バーコードが濃縮工程の間又は濃縮工程の前に選択され、付加されて、異なるバーコードを有する核酸の相対量を変える、請求項5に記載の方法。
- バーコードが、粘着末端ライゲーションを使用して核酸に付加される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- バーコードが、TAライゲーションを使用して核酸に付加される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 核酸が制限酵素によって消化される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- バーコードが、制限酵素によって生成された粘着末端に対応する粘着末端を含み、これらの粘着末端が、核酸にバーコードをライゲーションするために使用される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 制限酵素による消化が、オリゴヌクレオチドの大きさを減少させるために使用される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 制限酵素による消化を使用して、分析前に核酸内の変異体を互いに連結解除する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 配列分析のための核酸の調製のために通常行われるであろう工程の間にバーコードが加えられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 核酸に付加された一部のバーコードが、他の核酸に付加された他のバーコードと同一の配列を共有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 核酸が含み得る情報を秘匿化するために核酸をどのようにプールし得るかについて、消費者に助言が与えられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- バーコード化核酸が、何らかの類似性を共有する他のバーコード化核酸とともにプールされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- バーコード化核酸が、類似の起源を共有する他のバーコード化核酸とともにプールされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 核酸の供給源に存在する形質について行われ得る予測を制御するように、バーコード化核酸が他のバーコード化核酸とともにプールされるように選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 核酸の供給源の同一性が秘匿化されるように、バーコード化核酸がプールされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 核酸の供給源の一部に存在する形質に関する情報が秘匿化されるように、バーコード化核酸がプールされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 育種者がそれらの品種に存在する形質を秘匿化し得るように、バーコード化核酸がプールされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 育種者がそれらの育種計画に使用された方法を秘匿化し得るように、バーコード化核酸がプールされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- データを含むバーコード化核酸をプールして、それらが含むデータを秘匿化する、請求項1に記載の方法。
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