JP6933030B2 - Writing paper, notebooks, notebooks and sets - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to writing paper, notebooks, notebooks and sets.

With the spread of PCs and printers, the chances of writing, so-called handwriting, are decreasing.
However, in studying and learning situations, from the viewpoint of learning efficiency, the chances of writing with a writing instrument such as a pencil or mechanical pencil have hardly decreased.
In recent years, with the formation of the high-end writing paper market such as high-end notebooks and high-end notebooks, the number of users who demand the comfort of writing on writing paper is increasing. As a result, it has been proposed to provide a writing paper having excellent writing comfort (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In Patent Document 1, in a writing paper made of pulp fibers, the writing paper contains cellulose particles, and the cellulose particles occupy a unit area obtained from image data observed by a scanning electron microscope on the writing surface surface of the writing paper. A writing paper having an area ratio (surface exposed area degree) in the range of 10 area% or more and 20 area% or less has been proposed. It is also proposed in Patent Document 1 that the writing paper has an arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) of 6.2 μm or more and 6.8 μm or less specified in JIS B 0601-2001 on the surface of the writing surface. There is.

JP-A-2015-24643

Under such circumstances, the present inventors have considered providing a writing paper with improved learning efficiency as a writing paper suitable for studying and learning situations in which the writing paper is still widely used. Specifically, an object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a writing paper that can enhance concentration when writing on a writing paper using a writing tool.

The present inventors have focused on parameters that are completely different from the various parameters described in Patent Document 1, and when a writing paper having a specific repetition period unevenness is used on the surface, writing is performed using a writing tool. We have found that we can improve our concentration when writing on paper, and have come up with the present invention.
Paper having a specific repeating cycle unevenness on the surface has been conventionally used as a decorative cover or a middle cover, and by using it as a writing paper, it enhances the concentration when writing on the writing paper using a writing tool. It was not known to be done.

The present invention and preferred embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
[1] Writing paper having irregularities with a repeating cycle on at least one surface;
A writing sheet in which the frequency analysis curve satisfies the following equation (1) when the frequency analysis curve is obtained by Fourier transforming the height of the unevenness;
Equation (1) σ _A ² / σ _R ² ≧ 2.0
Equation (2) σ _R ² = σ _T ^2- σ _A ²
In equations (1) and (2), σ _A ² represents the variance of a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm, σ _T ² represents the variance of all wavelengths, and the wavelength represents the length of the repetition period in the frequency analysis curve. ..
[2] The writing paper according to [1], _{wherein the dispersion σ A} ² having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm is 20 or more.
[3] L * in the L * a * b * color system defined in JIS Z8781-4: 2013 is 70 or more, a * is -20 to 1, and b * is -15 to 10. The writing paper according to [1] or [2].
[4] The writing sheet according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the Oken-type smoothness specified in JIS P81 5 5: 2010 is 20 seconds or less.
[5] In the range of 0.3 to 3 mm in the repetition period of the frequency analysis curve.
The writing sheet according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness is 20 or more.
[6] The difference between the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness and the minimum value closest to the maximum value is 5 in the range of the repetition period of the frequency analysis curve of 0.3 to 3 mm. The writing sheet according to any one of [1] to [5], which has at least one peak of ~ 1000.
[7] Described in any one of [1] to [6], wherein the basis weight is 30 to 200 g / m ² , the density is 0.2 to 1 g / cm ^{3, and the thickness is 30 to 300 μm.} Writing paper.
[8] The writing paper according to any one of [1] to [7], which is pulp paper.
[9] A notebook using the writing paper according to any one of [1] to [8] as an inner paper.
[10] A notebook using the writing paper described in any one of [1] to [8] as an inner paper.
[11] A set including a writing instrument and the writing paper according to any one of [1] to [8].

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a writing paper that can enhance concentration when writing on a writing paper using a writing tool.

It is a frequency analysis curve obtained by Fourier transforming the height of the unevenness of one surface of the writing paper used in Examples and Comparative Examples. It is a frequency analysis curve obtained by Fourier transforming the height of the unevenness on one surface of the writing paper used in the examples. It is a frequency analysis curve obtained by Fourier transforming the height of the unevenness of one surface of the writing paper used in the comparative example.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described. The description of the constituent elements described below may be based on typical embodiments and specific examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments and specific examples. The numerical range represented by using "~" in the present specification means a range including the numerical values before and after "~" as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.

[Writing paper]
The writing paper of the present invention is a writing paper having irregularities with a repeating cycle on at least one surface;
When the height of the unevenness is Fourier transformed to obtain a frequency analysis curve, the frequency analysis curve satisfies the following equation (1).
Equation (1) σ _A ² / σ _R ² ≧ 2.0
Equation (2) σ _R ² = σ _T ^2- σ _A ²
In equations (1) and (2), σ _A ² represents the variance of a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm, σ _T ² represents the variance of all wavelengths, and the wavelength represents the length of the repetition period in the frequency analysis curve. ..
With this configuration, the writing paper of the present invention can enhance the concentration when writing on the writing paper using a writing tool.
Although not bound by any theory, the user's (conscious or unconscious) perception of the stimulus from the unevenness of the writing paper during writing enhances the concentration of the writer (user) at the time of writing. You can improve the learning efficiency of memory, calculation and logic.
_A parameter that enhances concentration when writing on writing paper using a writing instrument by excluding ^{the variance σ A 2} having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm in equation (2) and using it as the denominator of equation (1). It becomes.
0.3 mm has technical significance to exclude components whose wavelength is too small to be detected at the time of writing.
3 mm has technical significance to exclude the difficulty of writing due to the wavelength being too large.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the writing paper of the present invention will be described.

<Frequency analysis curve>
In the present specification, the Fourier transform is expressed by the following equation.

In the formula (F), F (u, v) represents a two-dimensional Fourier transform with respect to the height of the unevenness on the paper surface.
f (m, n) represents the height data of the unevenness before the Fourier transform.
R (u, v) represents the real part of the Fourier transform.
I (u, v) represents the imaginary part of the Fourier transform.

In the present specification, the spectral intensity is represented by {R (u, v)} ² + {I (u, v)} ² . That is, the spectral intensity is the sum of squares of the real and imaginary parts of the Fourier transform.

The spectral intensity (power spectrum) can be obtained by Fourier transforming the data of the height of the unevenness on the writing paper having the unevenness of the repetition period on the surface.
The value obtained by integrating the obtained spectral intensity in an arbitrary range is the variance of the height of the unevenness.
The wavelength on the horizontal axis of the frequency analysis curve represents the length of the repetition period.
The method for deriving the frequency analysis curve is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. For example, it can be used with reference to the methods described in Japanese Patent No. 2568297, Japanese Patent No. 2915192, and Japanese Patent No. 4730301.

In the formulas (1) and (2), σ _A ² represents a dispersion having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm. σ _A ² is obtained by integrating the spectral intensities in the range of 0.3 to 3 mm.
_{The writing paper of the present invention preferably has a dispersion σ A} ² having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm of 20 or more, more preferably 25 or more, and particularly preferably 30 or more.
_{The upper limit of the dispersion σ A} ² having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 600 or less, and particularly preferably 400 or less.

In equations (1) and (2), σ _T ² represents the variance of all wavelengths. σ _T ² is obtained by integrating the spectral intensities over the entire wavelength range.
The range of all wavelengths for obtaining σ _T ² is not particularly limited as long as it includes the range of 0.3 to 3.0 mm. The range of all wavelengths for obtaining σ _T ² is preferably 0.02 to 12.3 mm, for example.

_{The σ A} ² / σ _R ^{2 on} the left side of the equation (1) is preferably 3.0 or more, more preferably 3.8 or more, and particularly preferably 6.0 or more.
_{The upper limit of σ A} ² / σ _R ^{2 on} the left side of the equation (1) is preferably 10.0 or less, more preferably 9.3 or less, and particularly preferably 9.2 or less. ..

σ _A ² / σ _T ² is preferably 0.7 or more, more preferably 0.8 or more, and particularly preferably 0.85 or more.
The upper limit of σ _A ² / σ _T ² is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.95 or less, and particularly preferably 0.90 or less.

In the writing paper of the present invention, the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness and the minimum value closest to the maximum value are set in the range of 0.3 to 3 mm in the repetition period of the frequency analysis curve. It is preferable that there is at least one peak having a difference of 5 to 1000.
With this configuration, the effect of improving concentration can be enhanced.

<Other characteristics>
In the writing paper of the present invention, L * in the L * a * b * color system defined by JIS Z8781-4: 2013 is 70 or more, a * is -20 to 1, and b * is -15. It is preferably 10 to 10.
Among them, it is preferable that the writing paper is in a range close to blue, that is, L * is 70 to 95, a * is -20 to 0, and b * is -15 to 5. When the writing paper is close to blue, the effect of improving concentration can be further enhanced, and the memory ability can be particularly enhanced among the concentration.

The writing paper of the present invention preferably has a Wangken-type smoothness of 20 seconds or less, more preferably 1 to 16 seconds, and 1 to 10 seconds, as defined by JIS P81 5 5: 2010. Is particularly preferable.

In the writing paper of the present invention, the maximum value of the spectral intensity (power spectrum) obtained by Fourier transforming the height of the unevenness in the range of the repetition period of the frequency analysis curve of 0.3 to 3 mm (for example, the spectral intensity). A value that can be read directly from the graph of) is preferably 20 or more, more preferably 25 or more, and particularly preferably 30 or more.

Writing paper of the present invention preferably has a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / ^{m 2,} more preferably from 50 to 150 g / ^{m 2,} and particularly preferably 70~130g / ^{m 2.} Basis weight is measured according to JIS P 8124: 2011.

Writing paper of the present invention preferably has a density of 0.2~1g / cm ^3, more preferably ^{0.5~0.9g / cm 3, 0.55~0.75g / cm} 3 Is particularly preferable. The density is calculated from the measured values of thickness and basis weight by measuring the thickness in accordance with JIS P 8118: 1998.

The writing paper of the present invention preferably has a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, more preferably 50 to 210 μm, and particularly preferably 70 to 180 μm.

The writing paper of the present invention is preferably pulp paper, and more preferably a writing paper made of pulp fibers. For example, it can be obtained by making a papermaking raw material containing a pulp slurry.
Examples of the pulp used in the pulp slurry include wood pulp and non-wood pulp. Examples of wood pulp include softwood pulp and hardwood pulp, and any of them may be used. Further, the method of cooking wood pulp and the method of bleaching are not particularly limited. Examples of non-wood pulp include hemp pulp, kenaf pulp, bamboo pulp and the like. These pulps may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Materials other than pulp fibers, such as rayon fiber, nylon fiber, and other heat-sealed fibers, can also be blended into pulp slurry as auxiliary materials.
In addition, other additives can be optionally added to the pulp slurry.
However, the writing paper may be a synthetic paper having a thermoplastic resin layer or a coated paper having an arbitrary functional layer.

<Manufacturing method of writing paper>
The method for producing the writing paper of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the writing paper can be produced by a known method.
Further, as the writing paper of the present invention, a commercially available decorative paper may be used.

[Note]
The notebook of the present invention is a notebook using the writing paper of the present invention as an inner paper. By using the writing paper of the present invention as the inner paper, the effect of improving concentration can be enhanced.
Notes include study books, calculation drills, and so on.
The notebook may be plain or may have ruled lines or grids printed on it.

[pocket book]
The notebook of the present invention is a notebook using the writing paper of the present invention as an inner paper. By using the writing paper of the present invention as the inner paper, the effect of improving concentration can be enhanced.
The notebook includes a thick notebook that is easy to emboss and a thin notebook that is difficult to emboss.

[set]
The set of the present invention includes a writing instrument and a writing paper of the present invention. By using the writing paper of the present invention, the effect of improving concentration can be enhanced.
The writing instrument is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a ballpoint pen, a fountain pen, a pencil and a mechanical pencil, and a pencil and a mechanical pencil are preferable.
The hardness of the pencil and mechanical pencil is not particularly limited, but is preferably H, HB and B, and more preferably HB.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment contents, treatment procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific examples shown below. Unless otherwise specified, "parts" and "%" are based on mass.

[Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
The characteristics of the seven types of white paper listed in Table 1 below were examined and evaluated.

<Basis weight, density and thickness>
Basis weight, density and thickness were measured by the following methods. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 below.
JIS P 8124: 1998 Paper and paperboard-Basis weight measurement method JIS P 8118: 1998 Paper and paperboard-Thickness and density test method

<Opaque>
Opacity was measured by the following method. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 below.
JIS P 8149: 2000 Paper and paperboard-Opacity test method (paper backing) -Diffuse illumination method

<Whiteness>
The whiteness was measured by the following method. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 below.
JIS P 8148: 2001 Paper, paperboard and pulp-ISO whiteness (diffuse blue light reflectance) measurement method

<Smoothness>
As the smoothness, the Oken-type smoothness specified in JIS P81 5 5: 2010 was measured. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 below.

<L *, a * and b *>
L *, a * and b * in the L * a * b * color system defined by JIS Z8781-4: 2013 were measured. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 below.

<Frequency analysis>
First, for one surface of each paper, height image data of the unevenness of the surface was acquired in an arbitrary measurement range of 24 mm × 12 mm in the central portion. The height of the unevenness was Fourier transformed to obtain a frequency analysis curve. The acquisition of the height image data of the unevenness of the surface and the Fourier transform were performed using the following devices and software.
Image measurement: One-shot 3D shape measuring machine VR-3000 (manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION)
Fourier transform software: IOMate2007 (manufactured by iSpec Co., Ltd.)
The obtained results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the wavelength represents the length of the repetition period in the frequency analysis curve.
_{Next, the variance σ A} ² having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm and the variance σ _T ² having all wavelengths were obtained from the frequency analysis curve, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
Furthermore, _{the values of σ A} ² / σ _T ² , the values of σ _R ² = σ _T ^2- σ _A ² , and the values of σ _A ² / σ _R ² were calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
Further, from FIGS. 1 to 3, the length of the repetition cycle for taking the maximum value and the value of the maximum value were obtained for the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness, and are shown in Table 1 below.
Further, from FIGS. 1 to 3, the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness and the maximum are within the range of the repetition period length of 0.3 to 3 mm of the frequency analysis curves obtained in Examples 1 to 5. It was read that there was at least one peak with a value difference of 5 to 1000 from the local minimum value closest to the value.

<Effect of improving concentration>
Using a mechanical pencil with an HB core on the seven types of white paper shown in Table 1 below, a plurality of subjects wore the electroencephalogram measuring device described in the embodiment of Japanese Patent No. 5448199 and measured the electroencephalogram. While doing the task. The waveform when concentrated, the waveform when relaxed, and the waveform during task processing were compared, and the Kansei state was determined using Kansei multi-fractal dimension analysis according to Japanese Patent No. 5448199. As the type of task, we used a task that can measure memory, calculation, and logic.
Memory: Memorize various numbers for 15 seconds and write them out after 10 seconds.
Computational power: Performs 100-mass calculation. The 100-mass calculation is a table in which numbers are pre-filled in each cell except the left end among the cells located at the top of the table and each cell except the top of the cells located in the leftmost column of the table. On the other hand, the learner writes the number in the blank cell of the table, which is the sum of the number in the uppermost column that intersects in the vertical direction and the number in the leftmost column that intersects in the horizontal direction. Is.
Logical power: Answer the four arithmetic symbols so that the calculation formula holds for the calculation formula with the four arithmetic symbols blank.
The results of the obtained memory, calculation and logic were comprehensively evaluated as concentration according to the following evaluation criteria.
⊚: The effect of improving concentration is very high.
◯: High concentration improvement effect.
△: Normal.
X: The effect of improving concentration is low.
XX: The effect of improving concentration is very low.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 below.

From Table 1 above, it was found that the writing paper of the present invention can enhance the concentration when writing on the writing paper using the writing tool. Therefore, the learning efficiency is improved by increasing the concentration by the stimulus from the writing paper at the time of writing.
On the other hand, from Comparative Examples 1 and 2, when the frequency analysis curve was obtained by Fourier transforming the height of the unevenness and the frequency analysis curve did not satisfy the equation (1), the concentration was not increased.
In this embodiment, a mechanical pencil with an HB core was used as the writing instrument, but the same effect can be obtained when a mechanical pencil with a core of another hardness, a pencil, or the like is used.

[Examples 11 and 12, Reference Examples 1 to 3]
The characteristics of the five types of colored papers listed in Table 2 below were examined and evaluated together with the papers of the brands used in Comparative Example 1.
The method of measuring and evaluating the characteristics was the same as in Example 1.
The results obtained are shown in Table 2 below.

From Table 2 above, it was found that the writing paper of the present invention can enhance the concentration when writing on the writing paper using the writing tool. Therefore, the learning efficiency is improved by increasing the concentration by the stimulus from the writing paper at the time of writing.

[Effect of color difference on memory]
Based on the brand 2 (white) used in Example 2, the concentration improvement evaluations when the brand 2 (blue) used in Example 11 was used were compared to evaluate the effect of the color difference on the memory. bottom.
⊚: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was better than that of white (white of brand 2).
◯: White (white of brand 2) and the average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects were equivalent.
Δ: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was worse than that of white (white of brand 2).
The results obtained are shown in Table 3 below.

[Effect of difference in smoothness on concentration]
The brand 3 (white S) used in Example 3, the brand 1 used in Example 1, and the brand 7 used in Comparative Example 2 are compared in more detail to evaluate the effect of the difference in smoothness on the concentration. bottom. Brand 6 (white) used in Comparative Example 1 was used as a reference.
Of the types of concentration tasks, memory, calculation, and logic were evaluated according to the following criteria.
⊚: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was much better than that of Brand 6 (white) having a smoothness of 14.5 seconds.
◯: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was better than that of Brand 6 (white) having a smoothness of 14.5 seconds.
Δ: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was slightly better than that of Brand 6 (white) having a smoothness of 14.5 seconds.
-Δ: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was slightly worse than that of Brand 6 (white) having a smoothness of 14.5 seconds.
The results obtained are shown in Table 4 below.

[Effect of difference in density and surface unevenness on concentration]
The brand 2 (white) used in Example 2, the brand 4 used in Example 4, and the brand 5 used in Example 5 are compared in more detail, and the influence of the difference in density and surface unevenness on the concentration is affected. evaluated. Brand 1 used in Example 1 with a density of 0.58 g / cm ^{3 and embossing was used as a reference.}
The strength of embossing is in the order of brand 2> brand 4> brand 5.
Of the types of concentration tasks, memory, calculation, and logic were evaluated according to the following criteria.
⊚: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was much better than that of the brand 1 used in Example 1 with embossing at a density of 0.58 g / cm ^3.
◯: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was better than that of the brand 1 used in Example 1 with embossing at a density of 0.58 g / cm ^3.
Δ: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was slightly better than that of the brand 1 used in Example 1 with embossing at a density of 0.58 g / cm ^3.
− Δ: The average value of the task scores of a plurality of subjects was slightly worse than that of the brand 1 used in Example 1 with embossing at a density of 0.58 g / cm ^3.
The results obtained are shown in Table 5 below.

According to the writing paper of the present invention, it was found that the concentration ability when writing on the writing paper using the writing tool can be enhanced. Therefore, the learning efficiency is improved by increasing the concentration by the stimulus from the writing paper at the time of writing.
By using a writing paper that enhances learning efficiency, the user's learning proficiency can be improved (it can be smarter). Therefore, the writing paper of the present invention has industrial applicability.

Claims (11)

Writing paper with repeating cycle irregularities on at least one surface;
A writing sheet in which the frequency analysis curve satisfies the following equation (1) when the height of the unevenness is Fourier transformed to obtain a frequency analysis curve;
Equation (1) σ _A ² / σ _R ² ≧ 2.0
Equation (2) σ _R ² = σ _T ^2- σ _A ²
In the formula (1) and the formula (2), σ _A ² represents a dispersion having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm, σ _T ² represents a dispersion of all wavelengths, and the wavelength is the repetition period in the frequency analysis curve. Represents the length of. The writing paper according to claim 1, _{wherein the dispersion σ A} ² having a wavelength of 0.3 to 3 mm is 20 or more. Claim that L * in the L * a * b * color system defined in JIS Z8781-4: 2013 is 70 or more, a * is -20 to 1, and b * is -15 to 10. The writing paper according to 1 or 2. The writing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Oken-type smoothness specified in JIS P81 5 5: 2010 is 20 seconds or less. In the range of the repetition period length of 0.3 to 3 mm of the frequency analysis curve,
The writing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness is 20 or more. Within the range of the repetition period length of 0.3 to 3 mm of the frequency analysis curve, the difference between the maximum value of the square of the standard deviation of the height of the unevenness and the minimum value closest to the maximum value is The writing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein there is at least one peak of 5 to 1000. The writing paper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the basis weight is 30 to 200 g / m ² , the density is 0.2 to 1 g / cm ^{3, and the thickness is 30 to 300 μm.} The writing paper according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is pulp paper. A notebook using the writing paper according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as an inner paper. A notebook using the writing paper according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as an inner paper. A set comprising a writing instrument and the writing paper according to any one of claims 1-8.

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