JP6928029B2 - モジュール化lng分離装置およびフラッシュガス熱交換器 - Google Patents
モジュール化lng分離装置およびフラッシュガス熱交換器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6928029B2 JP6928029B2 JP2019088852A JP2019088852A JP6928029B2 JP 6928029 B2 JP6928029 B2 JP 6928029B2 JP 2019088852 A JP2019088852 A JP 2019088852A JP 2019088852 A JP2019088852 A JP 2019088852A JP 6928029 B2 JP6928029 B2 JP 6928029B2
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- lng
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- heat exchange
- cooling
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 199
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 109
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
- F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0295—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used, e.g. sieve plates, packings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/60—Natural gas or synthetic natural gas [SNG]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/30—Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/08—Internal refrigeration by flash gas recovery loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
- F25J2270/16—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with mutliple gas expansion loops of the same refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/40—Vertical layout or arrangement of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, condensers, heat exchangers etc.
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/72—Processing device is used off-shore, e.g. on a platform or floating on a ship or barge
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Description
熱交換ゾーンは、熱交換ゾーンの管側およびシェル側を画定する少なくとも1つの コイル管束を含み、管側は、第1流体流を冷却および/または液化する熱交
換ゾーンを通過する1つ以上の通路を画定し、シェル側は、分離されたフラ
ッシュガスを暖める熱交換ゾーンを通過する通路を画定し、
分離ゾーンは、LNG製品から分離ゾーンにおいて分離されるフラッシュガスが、
分離ゾーンから上方に流れて、熱交換ゾーンのシェル側に流れ込んでシェル
側を通過するように構成され、
シェルケーシングは:
熱交換ゾーンの管側と流体流連通して、冷却および/または液化対象の第1
流体流を導入する第1入口と、
熱交換ゾーンの管側と流体流連通して第1冷却流体流および/または液化流
体流を引き出す第1出口と、
熱交換ゾーンのシェル側と流体流連通して暖められたフラッシュガス流を引
き出す第2出口と、
分離ゾーンと流体流連通して分離対象のフラッシュガスを含むLNG流を導
入する第2入口と、
分離ゾーンと流体流連通してLNG製品流を引き出す第3出口と、を有する
、装置。
第1コイル管束により画定される管側は、第1入口と流体流連通して、第1流体 流を冷却および/または液化する少なくとも1つの通路を画定し、
シェルケーシングは、第1コイル管束の管側と流体流連通して第1流体流の冷却
部分および/または液化部分を第1コイル管束から引き出す第4出口を有し、
第2コイル管束により画定される管側は、第1コイル管束の管側および第1出口
と流体流連通して、第1コイル管束からの第1流体流の別の部分をさらに冷
却および/または液化する少なくとも1つの通路を画定する、
いずれかの前の態様に記載の装置。
天然ガス供給流を冷却および液化してLNG流を生成する主極低温熱交換器(M
CHE)と、
MCHEと流体流連通して主冷媒を循環させて1つ以上の低温冷媒流を、MCH
Eを通過させて、天然ガス流を液化する冷却負荷を与える冷却回路であって、1
つ以上の低温冷媒流をMCHEにおいて、天然ガス流との間接熱交換により暖め
る、冷却回路と、
MCHEと流体流連通してLNG流の全部または一部の圧力を減圧して減圧LN
G流を形成する第1減圧装置と、
第1減圧装置と流体流連通してフラッシュガスを減圧LNG流から分離して、分
離されたフラッシュガスから冷却を回収して、LNG製品流および暖められたフ
ラッシュガス流を生成する態様1から9のいずれか一態様に記載の装置と、を備
える、システム。
(a)天然ガス供給流を、MCHEを通過させて、天然ガス供給流をMCHEにおいて冷却および液化してLNG流を生成することと、
(b)LNG流をMCHEから引き出して、LNG流の全部または一部の圧力を減圧して減圧LNG流を形成することと、
(c)減圧LNG流を装置の分離ゾーンに導入してフラッシュガスを減圧LNG流から分離してLNG製品流を生成することと、
(d)分離されたフラッシュガスから冷却を装置の熱交換ゾーンにおいて回収して、暖められたフラッシュガス流を生成することと、を含む、方法。
この例は、図4に記載され、かつ図示されている本発明による装置の応用例に基づいており、1MTPA(年間百万トン)を製造するLNGプラントの図2の先行技術による配置に使用される。図4の参照番号が使用され、結果は表1〜表3に示される。
この例は、LNGプラントが3MTPA(年間3百万トン)を製造する場合の図10の先行技術による配置に適用される、図8に記載され、かつ図示されている本発明による装置の応用例に基づいている。図8の参照番号を使用する。
Claims (14)
- フラッシュガスを液化天然ガス(LNG)流から分離してLNG製品を製造し、分離されたフラッシュガスから冷却を回収する装置であって、前記装置は、熱交換ゾーンおよび分離ゾーンを取り囲むシェルケーシングを備え、前記熱交換ゾーンは、前記分離ゾーンの上方に位置して、前記分離ゾーンと流体連通しており、前記分離ゾーンは、前記フラッシュガスを前記LNG製品から分離するように構成され、前記熱交換ゾーンは、冷却を前記分離されたフラッシュガスから回収するように構成されており、
前記熱交換ゾーンは、前記熱交換ゾーンの管側およびシェル側を画定する少な
くとも1つのコイル管束を含み、前記管側は、第1流体流を冷却および/
または液化する前記熱交換ゾーンを通過する1つ以上の通路を画定し、前
記シェル側は、分離されたフラッシュガスを暖める前記熱交換ゾーンを通 過する通路を画定し、
前記分離ゾーンは、前記LNG製品から前記分離ゾーンにおいて分離されるフ
ラッシュガスが、前記分離ゾーンから上方に流れて、前記熱交換ゾーンの
前記シェル側に流れ込んで前記シェル側を通過するように構成され、
前記シェルケーシングは:
前記熱交換ゾーンの前記管側と流体流連通して、冷却および/または液化
対象の前記第1流体流を導入する第1入口と、
前記熱交換ゾーンの前記管側と流体流連通して第1冷却流体流および/ま
たは液化流体流を引き出す第1出口と、
前記熱交換ゾーンの前記シェル側と流体流連通して暖められたフラッシュ ガス流を引き出す第2出口と、
前記分離ゾーンと流体流連通して、分離対象のフラッシュガスを含むLN
G流を導入する第2入口と、
前記分離ゾーンと流体流連通してLNG製品流を引き出す第3出口と、を
有し、
前記装置は、前記熱交換ゾーンと前記分離ゾーンとの間に位置決めされるミス
トエリミネーターをさらに備える、装置。 - 前記熱交換ゾーンを取り囲む前記シェルケーシングの部分、および前記分離ゾーンを取り囲む前記シェルケーシングの部分は、実質的に同じ直径を有する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記分離ゾーンを取り囲む前記シェルケーシングの部分は、前記熱交換ゾーンを取り囲む前記シェルケーシングの部分よりも大きい直径を有する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記分離ゾーンは、下方に流れる流体を上昇蒸気に接触させる1つ以上の物質移動装置を含み、前記第2入口は、前記物質移動装置のうち1つ以上の物質移動装置の上方に位置決めされる、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は、前記LNGの一部を、前記分離ゾーンの底部側から再沸騰させて、前記分離ゾーンを通過して上方に流れる蒸気を生成するリボイラー熱交換器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記分離ゾーンは、LNGを回収する回収ゾーン、および前記回収ゾーンの上方にあり、かつフラッシュガスを回収する前記熱交換ゾーンの下方にあるヘッドスペースゾーンを画定する前記シェルケーシングの中空部分である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記熱交換ゾーンは、第2コイル管束の上方に位置する第1コイル管束を含み、両前記コイル管束は、前記熱交換ゾーンの管側およびシェル側を画定し、前記管側は、第1流体流を冷却および/または液化する前記熱交換ゾーンを通過する1つ以上の通路を画定し、前記シェル側は、分離されたフラッシュガスを暖める前記熱交換ゾーンを通過する通路を画定し、
前記第1コイル管束により画定される前記管側は、前記第1入口と流体流連通
して、前記第1流体流を冷却および/または液化する少なくとも1つの通路を
画定し、
前記シェルケーシングは、前記第1コイル管束の前記管側と流体流連通して前
記第1流体流の冷却部分および/または液化部分を前記第1コイル管束から引
き出す第4出口を有し、
前記第2コイル管束により画定される前記管側は、前記第1コイル管束の前記
管側および前記第1出口と流体流連通して、前記第1コイル管束からの前記第
1流体流の別の部分をさらに冷却および/または液化する少なくとも1つの通
路を画定する、請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記シェルケーシングは、前記熱交換ゾーンの前記シェル側と流体流連通し、かつ前記第2出口の下方に位置して暖められたフラッシュガス流を、前記第2出口から引き出される前記暖められたフラッシュガス流よりも低い温度で部分的に引き出す第4出口を有する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 液化天然ガス(LNG)製品を製造し、冷却をフラッシュガスから回収するシステムであって、前記システムは:
天然ガス供給流を冷却および液化してLNG流を生成する主極低温熱
交換器(MCHE)と、
前記MCHEと流体流連通して主冷媒を循環させて1つ以上の低温冷
媒流を、前記MCHEを通過させて、前記天然ガス流を液化する冷却
負荷を与える冷却回路であって、前記1つ以上の低温冷媒流を前記M
CHEにおいて、前記天然ガス流との間接熱交換により暖める、前記
冷媒回路と、
前記MCHEと流体流連通して前記LNG流の全部または一部の圧力
を減圧して減圧LNG流を形成する第1減圧装置と、
前記第1減圧装置と流体流連通してフラッシュガスを前記減圧LNG
流から分離して、冷却を前記分離されたフラッシュガスから回収して
、LNG製品流および暖められたフラッシュガス流を生成する請求項
1に記載の装置と、を備える、システム。 - 前記第1流体流は、前記熱交換ゾーンにおいて冷却および液化されて補助LNG流を生成する補助天然ガス供給流であり、前記システムは、前記補助LNG流の圧力を減圧するように構成され、請求項1に記載の前記装置は、減圧された前記補助LNG流をさらに流入させ、フラッシュガスを減圧された前記補助LNG流から分離し、冷却を前記分離されたフラッシュガスから回収するように構成される、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記冷却回路は、請求項1に記載の前記装置と流体流連通し、前記第1流体流は、前記熱交換ゾーンにおいて冷却および/または液化されて冷却冷媒流および/または液化冷媒流となるガス冷媒流であり、前記冷却回路は、前記ガス冷媒流を前記装置の前記第1入口に導入して、前記冷却冷媒流および/または液化冷媒流を前記装置の前記第1出口から引き出して、前記冷却冷媒流および/または液化冷媒流を、前記MCHEを通過させるように構成される、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 液化天然ガス(LNG)製品を製造する方法であって、前記方法は、請求項9に記載の前記システムを採用し、前記方法は:
(a)天然ガス供給流を、前記MCHEを通過させて、前記天然ガス供給流を前記MCHEにおいて冷却および液化してLNG流を生成することと、
(b)前記LNG流を前記MCHEから引き出して、前記LNG流の全部または一部の圧力を減圧して減圧LNG流を形成することと、
(c)前記減圧LNG流を前記装置の前記分離ゾーンに導入してフラッシュガスを前記減圧LNG流から分離してLNG製品流を生成することと、
(d)冷却を前記分離されたフラッシュガスから前記装置の前記熱交換ゾーンにおいて回収して、暖められたフラッシュガス流を生成することと、を含む、方法。 - 前記第1流体流は、補助天然ガス供給流であり、ステップ(d)は、前記補助天然ガス供給流を前記熱交換ゾーンにおいて冷却および液化して、補助LNG流を生成することを含み、前記方法は、前記補助LNG流の圧力を減圧することと、減圧された前記補助LNG流を前記装置の前記分離ゾーンに導入して、フラッシュガスを減圧された前記補助LNG流から分離することと、冷却を、減圧された前記補助LNG流からの前記分離されたフラッシュガスから回収することと、をさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記第1流体流は冷媒流であり、ステップ(d)は、前記冷媒流を前記装置の前記熱交換ゾーンにおいて冷却および/または液化して、冷却冷媒流および/または液化冷媒流とすることを含み、前記方法は、前記冷却冷媒流および/または液化冷媒流を前記装置から引き出すことと、前記冷却冷媒流および/または液化冷媒流を、前記MCHEを通過させることと、をさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
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