JP6916734B2 - 流体試料中の分析物の濃度を決定するための方法およびシステム - Google Patents
流体試料中の分析物の濃度を決定するための方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6916734B2 JP6916734B2 JP2017519888A JP2017519888A JP6916734B2 JP 6916734 B2 JP6916734 B2 JP 6916734B2 JP 2017519888 A JP2017519888 A JP 2017519888A JP 2017519888 A JP2017519888 A JP 2017519888A JP 6916734 B2 JP6916734 B2 JP 6916734B2
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- H01J49/0431—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components for liquid samples
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
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Description
本発明は、一般に、流体試料中の分析物の存在または量を検出するための改善された方法に関し、より具体的には、ナノリットルサイズの流体液滴を生成し、試料を正確に分析するような方法の改善に関する。本発明は、分析化学、生物学的研究、医薬品、および医薬の分野に実用的である。
試料中のイオン化種の存在、識別、濃度、および/または量の正確な決定は、多くの分野で極めて重要である。このような分析で使用されるほとんどの技術は、採用される分析機器に導入する前に、流体試料中の種をイオン化することを含む。イオン化方法の選択は、試料の性質および使用される分析技術に応じて決まり、それらに限定されるものではないが、化学イオン化、電子衝撃イオン化、脱離化学イオン化、ならびにエレクトロスプレーイオン化および大気圧化学イオン化を含む大気圧イオン化を含む、多くのイオン化方法が利用可能である。
汚染物質および妨害成分を除去するために、試料を分析前に「浄化する」必要性を排除すること。
したがって、本発明は、流体試料中の分析物の濃度を正確に決定するための改善された方法を提供することによって、当技術分野における前述の必要性に対処する。
本発明の実施形態において、例えば以下の項目が提供される。
(項目1)
必要な非分析物の初期成分をさらに含む流体試料中の、分析物の濃度を決定するための改善された方法であって、前記方法が、前記試料を揮発およびイオン化するステップと、揮発およびイオン化された試料を、検出されるイオン化分析物の量に強度において比例する信号を提供するイオン分析物検出デバイスに導入するステップとを含み、
改善が、前記必要な非分析物の初期成分として、
(a)前記流体試料中の前記初期成分として機能し、
(b)(i)前記必要な初期成分および/もしくは前記分析物の両方よりも揮発性であり、または(ii)前記流体試料を揮発させると、前記必要な初期成分および/もしくは前記分析物よりも揮発性である少なくとも1種の反応生成物をもたらす反応を受け、
(c)前記初期成分を使用して得られた信号強度または信号対雑音比のいずれかよりも信号強度における増大および/またはより大きい信号対雑音比をもたらす、
代替成分を用いることを含む、改善された方法。
(項目2)
前記改善が、揮発およびイオン化の前に、流体試料のナノリットルサイズの液滴を生成することをさらに含み、前記流体試料が、ナノリットルサイズの液滴の形態で前記イオン分析物検出デバイスに導入される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)
流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約5nl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、項目2に記載の方法。
(項目4)
流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約2.5nl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、項目3に記載の方法。
(項目5)
流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約50pl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、項目4に記載の方法。
(項目6)
流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約1pl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、項目5に記載の方法。
(項目7)
前記改善が、前記流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴を生成するための音響排出を使用することをさらに含む、項目2に記載の方法。
(項目8)
前記音響排出が、前記流体試料の表面から一貫したサイズの流体液滴の急速排出をもたらす方式で、前記流体試料を含むリザーバーに集中された音響エネルギーを向ける音響排出装置を使用して行われる、項目6に記載の方法。
(項目9)
前記イオン分析物検出デバイスが、質量分析計を含む、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目10)
前記イオン化するステップが、化学イオン化、電界脱離イオン化、エレクトロスプレーイオン化、大気圧化学イオン化、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化、および誘導結合型プラズマイオン化から選択される方法を含む、項目9に記載の方法。
(項目11)
前記分析物が、薬物、代謝産物、阻害剤、リガンド、受容体、触媒、合成ポリマー、およびアロステリックエフェクターから選択される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目12)
前記分析物が、生体分子である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目13)
前記生体分子が、ヌクレオチド分析物、ペプチド分析物、およびサッカライド分析物から選択される、項目13に記載の方法。
(項目14)
前記必要な非分析物の初期成分が、初期塩を含み、前記代替成分が、代替塩を含む、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目15)
前記初期塩および前記代替塩が、前記流体試料のための緩衝塩として機能する、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目16)
前記代替塩が、弱酸または弱塩基から形成された一価のイオンを含む、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目17)
前記代替塩が、炭酸水素アンモニウム、ギ酸アンモニウム、酢酸アンモニウム、酢酸ピリジニウム、ギ酸ピリジニウム、酢酸エチルモルホリニウム、酢酸トリメチルアミノ、およびギ酸トリメチルアミノから選択される、項目16に記載の方法。
(項目18)
前記代替塩が、炭酸水素アンモニウム、ギ酸アンモニウム、および酢酸アンモニウムから選択される、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目19)
前記代替成分が、前記必要な初期成分および/または前記分析物の両方よりも揮発性である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目20)
前記代替成分が、前記流体試料を揮発させると、前記必要な初期成分および/または前記分析物よりも揮発性である少なくとも1種の反応生成物をもたらす反応を受けるように選択される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目21)
前記反応が、分解反応である、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目22)
前記少なくとも1種の反応生成物が、芳香族化合物を含む、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23)
前記反応が、揮発中に生じて、前記流体試料中の少なくとも1種の非分析物成分の気相抽出を提供する、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目24)
前記代替成分が、双性イオン化合物を含む、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目25)
前記双性イオン化合物が、前記流体試料のための緩衝塩として機能する、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目26)
前記双性イオン化合物が、部分的に不飽和のプレ芳香族化合物を含む、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目27)
前記反応が、前記代替成分中の連結の化学的開裂を含む、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目28)
前記連結を化学的に開裂するのに有効な試薬が、揮発の前に前記流体試料に添加される、項目27に記載の方法。
(項目29)
前記反応が、前記代替成分の連結の光分解開裂を含む、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目30)
前記流体試料が、揮発中に照射される、項目29に記載の方法。
(項目31)
前記反応が、前記代替成分中の熱に不安定な連結の熱開裂を含む、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目32)
必要な非分析物の初期成分をさらに含む流体試料中の、分析物の濃度を決定するための改善された方法であって、前記方法が、前記流体試料を揮発およびイオン化するステップと、揮発およびイオン化された試料を、検出されるイオン化分析物の量に強度において比例する分析物の信号を提供するイオン分析物検出デバイスに導入するステップとを含み、改善が、
前記必要な非分析物の初期成分を、前記流体試料の揮発中に、前記流体試料中の前記初期成分として機能する反応生成物をもたらす反応を受け、前記初期成分、前記分析物、またはその両方、および前記分析物よりも揮発性であり、前記初期成分を使用して得られた分析物信号の強度および信号対雑音比に対して、前記分析物の信号強度における増大および/または信号対雑音比における増大をもたらす、双性イオン化合物で置換することを含む、方法。
(項目33)
必要な非分析物の初期成分をさらに含む流体試料中の、分析物の濃度を決定するための改善された方法であって、前記方法が、前記流体試料を揮発およびイオン化するステップと、揮発およびイオン化された試料を、検出されるイオン化分析物の量に強度において比例する分析物信号を提供するイオン分析物検出デバイスに導入するステップとを含み、
改善が、
前記必要な非分析物の初期成分を、前記流体試料の揮発中に、揮発性芳香族化合物をもたらし、二酸化炭素を発生させ、アンモニア、第一級アミン、第二級アミン、第三級アミンまたは窒素ガスから選択される窒素群、および揮発性芳香族化合物を放出する分解反応を受ける、部分的に不飽和のプレ芳香族双性イオン化合物で置換することを含む、方法。
(項目34)
質量分析計、流体試料の液滴を生成するための音響排出装置、および前記質量分析計に導入する前に前記液滴を揮発およびイオン化するための手段を使用して、流体試料中の分析物の濃度を決定するための改善されたシステムであって、改善が、前記流体試料中の少なくとも1種の必要な成分を、前記初期成分と同じ機能を推進するが、それぞれ前記初期成分を使用して得られた分析物信号の強度および/または信号対雑音比に対して、分析物信号の強度における増大および/または信号対雑音比における増大をもたらす代替成分で置き換えることを含む、システム。
(項目35)
前記初期成分が、初期緩衝塩であり、前記代替成分が、代替緩衝塩であり、前記代替緩衝塩が、前記初期緩衝塩よりも揮発性であり、前記流体試料の揮発が前記代替緩衝塩の気相抽出をもたらす、項目34に記載の改善されたシステム。
(項目36)
前記代替成分が、化学的に、熱により、または光分解により開裂されて、より低い分子量の反応生成物をもたらすことができる連結を含む、項目34に記載の改善されたシステム。
(項目37)
前記代替成分が、光分解により開裂され得る連結を含み、デバイスが、前記連結を開裂するのに有効な放射線源をさらに含む、項目36に記載の改善されたシステム。
(項目38)
前記放射線源が、紫外線源である、項目37に記載の改善されたシステム。
(項目39)
分析物信号強度および/または信号対雑音比の前記増大が、少なくとも10%である、項目34に記載の改善されたシステム。
(項目40)
分析物信号強度および/または信号対雑音比の前記増大が、25%である、項目39に記載の改善されたシステム。
(項目41)
分析物信号強度および/または信号対雑音比の前記増大が、少なくとも10%である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目42)
分析物信号強度および/または信号対雑音比の前記増大が、25%である、項目41に記載の改善されたデバイス。
別段定義されない限り、本明細書で使用されるすべての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明が関与する技術分野の技術者によって一般に理解される意味を有する。本発明の説明において特に重要な特定の用語法を、以下に定義する。
6−アミノ−3,4−ジメチルシクロヘキサ−2,4−ジエン−1−カルボン酸:
この実施例では、カフェインの質量分析の決定に対する緩衝液の揮発性の影響を、酢酸アンモニウムを揮発性緩衝塩として使用し、塩化ナトリウムを不揮発性緩衝塩として使用して評価した。流体試料を、1mM、2mM、5mM、10mM、25mM、50mM、100mM、250mM、および500mMの様々な濃度の酢酸アンモニウムまたは塩化ナトリウムを用いて調製した。試料液滴は、修正したEcho(登録商標)555リキッドハンドラー(Labcyte Inc.、Sunnyvale、CA)を使用して生成した。機器は、変換器アセンブリをノズル下の機器の外面に移動させて、液滴ストリームを195℃の熱に曝露し、したがって揮発性塩を気相抽出できるように修正し、SQ Detector II質量分析計(Waters Micromass)のベータバージョンに入れた。
実施例2および3のための実験
(実施例2)
(実施例3)
Claims (20)
- 必要な非分析物の初期成分をさらに含む流体試料中の、分析物の濃度を決定するための改善された方法であって、前記方法が、前記試料を揮発およびイオン化するステップと、揮発およびイオン化された試料を、検出されるイオン化分析物の量に強度において比例する信号を提供するイオン分析物検出デバイスに導入するステップとを含み、
ここで、前記改善が、
前記流体試料がナノリットルサイズの液滴の形態で前記イオン分析物検出デバイスに導入されるように、揮発およびイオン化の前に前記流体試料のナノリットルサイズの液滴を音響的に生成すること、ならびに
(a)前記流体試料中の前記初期成分として機能し、
(b)前記流体試料を揮発させると、前記必要な初期成分、前記分析物、または前記必要な初期成分および前記分析物の両方よりも揮発性である少なくとも1種の反応生成物をもたらす分解反応を受け、かつ
(c)前記初期成分を使用して得られた分析物信号強度または信号対雑音比のいずれかよりも分析物信号強度における増大および/またはより大きい信号対雑音比をもたらす、代替成分で、前記必要な非分析物の初期成分を代替すること
を含む、改善された方法。 - 流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約5nl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約50pl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴が、約1pl未満の平均液滴サイズを有する、請求項1、2または3に記載の方法。
- 前記改善が、前記流体試料の前記ナノリットルサイズの液滴を生成するための音響排出を使用することをさらに含む、請求項1、2、3または4に記載の方法。
- 前記音響排出が、前記流体試料の表面から一貫したサイズの流体液滴の急速排出をもたらす方式で、前記流体試料を含むリザーバーに集中された音響エネルギーを向ける音響排出装置を使用して行われる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン分析物検出デバイスが、質量分析計を含む、請求項1、2、3、4、5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記イオン化するステップが、化学イオン化、電界脱離イオン化、エレクトロスプレーイオン化、大気圧化学イオン化、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化、および誘導結合型プラズマイオン化から選択される方法を含む、請求項1、2、3、4、5、6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記分析物が、薬物、代謝産物、阻害剤、リガンド、受容体、触媒、合成ポリマー、およびアロステリックエフェクターから選択される、請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7または8に記載の方法。
- 前記必要な非分析物の初期成分が、初期塩を含み、前記代替成分が、代替塩を含む、請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8または9に記載の方法。
- 前記初期塩および前記代替塩が前記流体試料のための緩衝塩として機能することで、前記流体試料の揮発が前記代替緩衝塩の気相抽出をもたらす、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記分解反応が、分子内反応を含む、請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、または11に記載の方法。
- 前記反応が、揮発中に生じて、前記流体試料中の少なくとも1種の非分析物成分の気相抽出を提供する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記代替成分が、双性イオン化合物を含む、請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12または13に記載の方法。
- 前記双性イオン化合物が、前記流体試料のための緩衝塩として機能する、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記双性イオン化合物が、部分的に不飽和のプレ芳香族化合物を含み、そして前記反応生成物が、揮発性芳香族化合物を含む、請求項14または15に記載の方法。
- 質量分析計、流体試料の液滴を生成するための音響排出装置、および前記質量分析計に導入する前に前記液滴を揮発およびイオン化するための手段を使用して、必要な非分析物の初期成分をさらに含む流体試料中の分析物の濃度を決定するための改善されたシステムであって、改善が、前記流体試料中の前記必要な非分析物の初期成分を、前記初期成分と同じ機能を推進するが、それぞれ前記初期成分を使用して得られた分析物信号の強度および/または信号対雑音比に対して、分析物信号の強度における増大および/または信号対雑音比における増大をもたらす代替成分で置き換えることを含み、そして、
ここで、前記流体試料を揮発させると、前記代替成分が、前記必要な初期成分、前記分析物、または前記必要な初期成分および前記分析物の両方よりも揮発性である少なくとも1種の反応生成物をもたらす分解反応を受ける、
システム。 - 前記初期成分が、初期緩衝塩であり、前記代替成分が、代替緩衝塩であり、前記代替緩衝塩が、前記初期緩衝塩よりも揮発性であり、前記流体試料の揮発が前記代替緩衝塩の気相抽出をもたらす、請求項17に記載の改善されたシステム。
- 前記反応生成物が、揮発性芳香族化合物を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記反応生成物が、前記代替成分よりも揮発性である、請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、または19に記載の方法。
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KR20050114751A (ko) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-06 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | 예측 부호화/복호화 장치 및 예측 부호화/복호화 방법 |
US20060024660A1 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-02 | Patrick Jouin | Method for relative quantification of proteins |
EP2167951B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2012-09-26 | Becton, Dickinson and Company | FFE method using a separation medium with a volatile buffer |
US8415619B2 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2013-04-09 | University of Glascgow | Methods and systems for mass spectrometry |
GB2512309A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | Thermo Electron Mfg Ltd | Apparatus and method for liquid sample introduction |
GB2512308B (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2016-07-06 | Thermo Electron Mfg Ltd | Apparatus and method for liquid sample introduction using acoustic droplet generator |
EP3207374B1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2021-05-12 | Labcyte Inc. | Method and system for determining the concentration of an analyte in a fluid sample |
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2015
- 2015-10-19 EP EP15850361.5A patent/EP3207374B1/en active Active
- 2015-10-19 WO PCT/US2015/056288 patent/WO2016061592A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-10-19 JP JP2017519888A patent/JP6916734B2/ja active Active
- 2015-10-19 US US14/887,320 patent/US9939352B2/en active Active
- 2015-10-19 ES ES15850361T patent/ES2873324T3/es active Active
- 2015-10-19 DK DK15850361.5T patent/DK3207374T3/da active
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WO2016061592A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
DK3207374T3 (da) | 2021-05-25 |
EP3207374A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
US20160109336A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
JP2017532558A (ja) | 2017-11-02 |
EP3207374A4 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
ES2873324T3 (es) | 2021-11-03 |
EP3207374B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
US20180231442A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
US9939352B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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