JP6903289B2 - Dredging grab bucket and dredging method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dredging grab bucket and a dredging method, and more specifically, it is possible to effectively suppress the outflow of polluted water generated inside the shell to the outside of the shell without impairing the workability of the dredging. It relates to a dredging grab bucket and a dredging method that can be performed.

Grab dredging is widely known in which dredging is performed using a grab bucket that is raised and lowered via a hanging wire. In grab dredging using a grab bucket, when a pair of left and right shells are closed to scoop up the earth and sand on the bottom of the water, polluted water turbid by the earth and sand is generated inside the shells. In a non-sealed grab bucket in which the upper part of the shell is open, the polluted water generated inside the shell flows out from the opening at the upper part of the shell to the outside of the shell and diffuses into the water. Therefore, a closed grab bucket may be used. In the case of a closed type grab bucket, when the shell is closed, the inside of the shell becomes a closed space, so that the amount of polluted water flowing out to the outside of the shell can be reduced as compared with the non-sealed type grab bucket. .. However, even when a closed grab bucket is used, a certain amount of polluted water flows out of the shell through the gap between the shells in the process of closing the shell.

Therefore, conventionally, even when a closed type grab bucket is used, measures such as arranging a pollution prevention film around the dredging work section have been taken in order to suppress the diffusion of polluted water. (See, for example, Patent Document 1). With the anti-pollution membrane measures, the polluted water can be confined inside the work area, but the polluted water diffuses into the work area. In the dredging pollution prevention device described in Patent Document 1, the periphery of the grab bucket is covered with a bag-shaped body, and the water inside the bag-shaped body is discharged to a tank or the like through a pipe, so that the polluted water leaked to the outside of the shell. To remove. However, in this dredging pollution prevention device, a large bag-like body floats and moves irregularly, which interferes with the dredging work. In addition to the drive source for driving the grab bucket, a drive source (electricity) for driving the drainage pump is required.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-37229

An object of the present invention is to provide a dredging grab bucket and a dredging method capable of effectively suppressing the outflow of polluted water generated inside the shell to the outside of the shell without impairing the workability of the dredging. There is.

Dredging glove bucket of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a pair of shells, and a connecting portion for rotatably connecting the shell each other, by raising and lowering the said connecting portion, said pair of right and left In a closed type dredging grab bucket in which the shells open and close to the left and right, and when the shells come into contact with each other and close, the upper part of the pair of left and right shells is closed. A pollution control mechanism having a moving piston and a communication pipe for communicating the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the shell is provided, and the piston is made relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the shell. When the shell is moved to open the shell, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder to the inside of the shell through the communication pipe, and when the shell is closed, the shell is moved through the communication pipe. It is characterized in that a suction force is generated from the inside to the inside of the cylinder.

In the dredging method of the present invention, the pair of left and right shells are opened and closed left and right by raising and lowering a connecting portion rotatably connected to the pair of left and right shells, and when the shells abut and close, the left and right shells are opened and closed. In the dredging method using a closed type dredging grab bucket in which the upper parts of the pair of shells are closed, the inside of the cylinder in which the piston is installed and the inside of the shell are communicated with each other by a communication pipe. A pollution control mechanism for moving the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the shell is provided, and when the shell is closed to scoop the earth and sand on the bottom of the water, the polluted water inside the shell is provided. Is sucked into the inside of the cylinder through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the piston, and when the closed shell is opened to discharge the earth and sand, the polluted water sucked into the inside of the cylinder is sucked into the piston. It is characterized in that it is discharged to the inside of the shell through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the.

According to the dredging grab bucket and the dredging method of the present invention, the closed type dredging grab bucket is provided with a pollution suppression mechanism that moves the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the shell. When closing the shell and scooping the earth and sand on the bottom of the water, the movement of the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the closing action of the shell allows polluted water generated inside the shell to be sucked into the cylinder through a communication pipe. .. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the polluted water generated inside the shell from flowing out to the outside of the shell in the process of closing the shell. Since the polluted water sucked into the cylinder is discharged to the inside of the shell at the same time as the shell is opened, the polluted water can be newly sucked into the cylinder by the next shell closing action. Further, since the pollution control mechanism is driven by opening and closing the shell without irregularly floating in water unlike a bag-shaped body, a dedicated drive device for the pollution control mechanism becomes unnecessary. Therefore, the workability of dredging is not impaired.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state in which the shell of the dredging grab bucket of embodiment of this invention is opened by the front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which closed the shell of FIG. 1, scooping earth and sand, and sucking polluted water inside the shell by the pollution control mechanism, in front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which closed the shell of FIG. 1 from the front view. It is a view of arrow A of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which opened the shell of FIG. 1 and discharged the dredged earth and sand and polluted water from the front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the shell of the dredging grab bucket of another embodiment of this invention is opened by the front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which closed the shell of FIG. 6 from the front view.

Hereinafter, the dredging grab bucket and the dredging method of the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in the figure. In the figure, the inside of a part of the dredging grab bucket is visualized and depicted.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the closed-type dredging grab bucket 1 (hereinafter referred to as bucket 1) according to the embodiment of the present invention has an upper frame 4 to which a suspension wire 7 is connected. The upper ends of the two left and right arms 5 are rotatably connected to the upper frame 4 via support shafts 6a, respectively. The side ends of the pair of left and right shells 2 are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the two arms 5 via support shafts 6b, respectively.

The pair of left and right shells 2 are rotatably connected to each other by a connecting portion 3 provided between the shells 2. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 3 is provided with two support shafts 6c, and the upper end portion of the shell 2 is rotatably connected to each support shaft 6c. In addition, one support shaft 6c is provided in the connecting portion 3, and the upper end portion of the shell 2 may be rotatably connected to the support shaft 6c. An opening / closing wire 8 is connected to the connecting portion 3.

By changing the feeding length of the hanging wire 7, the entire bucket 1 can be moved up and down. By changing the feeding length of the opening / closing wire 8, the connecting portion 3 can be relatively moved in the vertical direction with respect to the upper frame 4. The suspending wire 7 and the opening / closing wire 8 are wound and unwound by, for example, a winch device of a crane mounted on a work boat.

The bucket 1 is further equipped with a pollution control mechanism 10. The pollution control mechanism 10 has a cylinder 11, a piston 12 that moves inside the cylinder 11, and a communication pipe 13 that communicates the inside of the cylinder 11 and the inside of the shell 2. In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to one of the shells 2, and the piston 12 (rod) is rotatably connected to the connecting portion 3. More specifically, the support shaft 11a connecting the cylinder 11 and the shell 2 is arranged in the vicinity of the support shaft 6b connecting the arm 5 and the shell 2. The support shaft 12a that connects the piston 12 and the connecting portion 3 is arranged in the vicinity of the supporting shaft 6c that connects the shell 2 and the connecting portion 3.

The connection positions of the cylinder 11 and the piston 12 can be appropriately determined according to the size of the cylinder 11 to be used, the shape of the shell 2, and the like. For example, the cylinder 11 can be connected to the connecting portion 3 and the piston 12 can be connected to the shell 2.

Examples of the communication pipe 13 include a hose formed of an elastic member such as resin or rubber. One end of the communication pipe 13 is connected to the cylinder 11, and the other end of the communication pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the shell 2. In this embodiment, one end of the communication pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 11 partitioned by the tip end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11, and the other end of the communication pipe 13 is the shell 2. It is connected to the top.

The upper portion of the shell 2 is an upper surface portion or a side surface portion of the shell 2 located on the upper portion of the shell 2 in a state where the pair of shells 2 are closed. More specifically, with the pair of shells 2 closed, the shell 2 located in the upper 30% of the vertical range from the lower end position to the upper end position of the enclosed space formed inside the shell 2. Means the upper surface part or the side surface part of.

In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 and the inside of the shell 2 are connected by one communication pipe 13, but the cylinder 11 and the inside of the shell 2 can be connected by a plurality of communication pipes 13. One cylinder 11 and the insides of the shells 2 on both the left and right sides can be connected by communication pipes 13, respectively. The communication pipe 13 may be configured to be branched into a plurality of parts at an intermediate position.

In this embodiment, a total of two pollution control mechanisms 10 are provided, one on each of the left and right shells 2. The number of pollution control mechanisms 10 provided in the bucket 1 can be appropriately determined according to the bucket capacity of the bucket 1, the size of the cylinder 11 to be used, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the connecting portion 3 is moved downward with respect to the upper frame 4, each shell 2 rotates about the support shaft 6b and the support shaft 6c, and the pair of left and right shells 2 are open. become. When the pair of shells 2 are opened, the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is short, and the head of the piston 12 is pushed to a deep position inside the cylinder 11 (support shaft 11a side).

As shown in FIG. 2, when the connecting portion 3 is moved upward by the opening / closing wire 8 so as to approach the upper frame 4, each shell 2 rotates about the support shaft 6b and the support shaft 6c, and FIGS. As shown in 4, the pair of shells 2 are brought into contact with each other and closed. When the shells 2 are in contact with each other and closed, the upper part of the pair of shells 2 is closed.

When closing the pair of shells 2, the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a gradually increases in conjunction with the closing operation of the pair of shells 2, and the head of the piston 12 is inside the cylinder 11. Moves from a deep position (support shaft 11a side) to a shallow position (support shaft 12a side). As a result, when the shell 2 is closed, a suction force is generated from the inside of the shell 2 to the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the connecting portion 3 is moved downward with respect to the upper frame 4 to open the pair of shells 2 in the closed state, the operation of opening the pair of shells 2 is interlocked with the opening operation. The separation distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is gradually shortened, and the head of the piston 12 is pushed from a shallow position to a deep position inside the cylinder 11. As a result, when the shell 2 is opened, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the inside of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13. In this way, the pollution suppression mechanism 10 uses the driving force for opening and closing the shell 2 to move the piston 12 relative to the cylinder 11 in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the shell 2.

Next, a dredging method using this bucket 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, with the pair of shells 2 open, the bucket 1 is lowered into water, and the tip (claw) of the shell 2 is pierced into the earth and sand S on the bottom of the water. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the pair of shells 2 are closed to scoop the earth and sand S on the bottom of the water. When the shell 2 is closed and the earth and sand S on the bottom of the water is scooped, the polluted water DW generated inside the shell 2 is sucked into the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13 by the relative movement of the piston 12.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the pair of shells 2 are completely closed, most of the polluted water DW generated inside the shells 2 in the process of closing the shells 2 is sucked into the cylinder 11. Next, with the pair of shells 2 closed, the bucket 1 is raised by the hanging wire 7 to move the bucket 1 onto the mud storage of the earthen carrier.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the pair of shells 2 are opened on the mud storage, and the earth and sand S is discharged from the inside of the shells 2. When the closed shell 2 is opened and the earth and sand S is discharged, the polluted water DW sucked into the cylinder 11 is discharged to the inside of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13 by the relative movement of the piston 12. That is, the polluted water DW is discharged to the mud store together with the earth and sand S. By repeating the above steps, the dredging work is performed.

As described above, in the present invention, by providing the pollution control mechanism 10 in the closed bucket 1, when the shell 2 is closed and the earth and sand S on the bottom of the water is scooped, the cylinder 11 of the piston 12 is interlocked with the operation of closing the shell 2. By the relative movement with respect to, the polluted water DW generated inside the shell 2 can be sucked into the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the polluted water DW generated inside the shell 2 from flowing out to the outside of the shell 2 in the process of closing the shell 2. Since the polluted water DW sucked into the cylinder 11 is discharged to the inside of the shell 2 at the same time as the shell 2 is opened, the polluted water DW can be newly sucked into the cylinder 11 by the next operation of closing the shell 2.

Further, since the pollution control mechanism 10 is driven by opening and closing the shell 2 without irregularly floating in water like a bag-shaped body, a dedicated drive device for the pollution control mechanism 10 is unnecessary. It becomes. Therefore, since there are no extra parts (members) that interfere with the smooth dredging work, the workability of the dredging is not impaired.

The total water absorption capacity of all the pollution control mechanisms 10 equipped in the bucket 1 may be set to, for example, 3% or more and 15% or less of the bucket capacity of the bucket 1. When the total water absorption capacity of the pollution control mechanism 10 is set within the above-mentioned range, the pollution control mechanism 10 can suck the polluted water DW generated inside the shell 2 in just proportion. By setting the total water absorption capacity of the pollution control mechanism 10 to 15% or less of the bucket capacity, the total water absorption capacity of the pollution control mechanism 10 is the amount of water absorption required to prevent the outflow of polluted water DW generated inside the shell 2. It can also be prevented from becoming excessive. As a result, the ratio of water in the earth and sand S and water (polluted water DW and other water) discharged to the mud can be reduced, which is advantageous for reducing the cost required for transporting and disposing of the earth and sand S and water. become. Further, by setting the total water absorption capacity of the pollution control mechanism 10 to 15% or less of the bucket capacity, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the cylinder 11.

When the shell 2 is closed, the polluted water DW flows upward inside the shell 2, and the polluted water DW tends to flow out of the shell 2 through the gap above the shells 2. Therefore, when the communication pipe 13 is connected to the upper part of the shell 2 as in this embodiment, the polluted water DW that tends to flow out from the gap above the shells 2 is effectively passed through the communication pipe 13 into the inside of the cylinder 11. Can be aspirated. Further, by connecting the communication pipe 13 to the upper part of the shell 2, the risk of clogging of the connecting pipe 13 with earth and sand can be reduced.

When connecting one end of the communication pipe 13 to the inside of the cylinder 11 partitioned by the tip end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11 as in this embodiment, the support shaft 11a is connected to the support shaft 6b. It is preferable to arrange the support shaft 12a in the vicinity and the support shaft 12a in the vicinity of the support shaft 6c. With the above-mentioned arrangement, the difference between the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a when the shell 2 is closed and the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a when the shell 2 is open can be obtained. Can be made larger. As a result, the moving range (so-called stroke amount) of the piston 12 with respect to the cylinder 11 can be lengthened, which is advantageous for increasing the amount of water absorbed by the pollution suppressing mechanism 10. The same effect can be obtained when the support shaft 12a is arranged in the vicinity of the support shaft 6c and the support shaft 11a is arranged in the vicinity of the support shaft 6c.

In another embodiment of the bucket 1 illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the configuration of the pollution control mechanism 10 is different from that of the previous embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Other configurations are the same as in the previous embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the pollution control mechanism 10 of this embodiment, one end of the communication pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 11 partitioned by the rear end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11. There is. Further, the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to one of the arms 5, and the piston 12 is rotatably connected to the connecting portion 3.

In the bucket 1 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, when the pair of shells 2 are opened, the separation distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is gradually increased in conjunction with the operation of opening the shells 2. The head of the piston 12 moves from a deep position (support shaft 11a side) inside the cylinder 11 to a shallow position (support shaft 12a side). As a result, when the shell 2 is opened, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the inside of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the pair of shells 2 are closed, the separation distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is gradually shortened in conjunction with the closing operation of the shells 2, and the head of the piston 12 Moves from a shallow position to a deep position inside the cylinder 11. As a result, when the shell 2 is closed, a suction force is generated from the inside of the shell 2 to the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13.

That is, in the bucket 1 of this embodiment, contrary to the previous embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is reduced, so that the polluted water inside the shell 2 is reduced. The DW is sucked into the cylinder 11, and the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is increased, so that the polluted water DW sucked into the cylinder 11 is discharged to the inside of the shell 2.

The dredging method using the bucket 1 is the same as that of the previous embodiment. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the polluted water DW inside the shell 2 is sucked by the pollution control mechanism 10, the cylinder 11 is partitioned between the rear end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11. The polluted water DW is stored inside the water.

When the communication pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 11 partitioned by the rear end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11 as in this embodiment, the movement range of the piston 12 with respect to the cylinder 11 is made longer. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, it is advantageous to increase the amount of water absorbed by the pollution control mechanism 10. In the case of this configuration, one of the cylinder 11 or the piston 12 may be rotatably connected to one of the arms 5, and the other of the cylinder 11 or the piston 12 may be rotatably connected to the connecting portion 3.

1 Dredging grab bucket 2 Shell 3 Connecting part 4 Upper frame 5 Arm 6a to 6c Support shaft 7 Suspension wire 8 Opening and closing wire 10 Pollution control mechanism 11 Cylinder 11a Support shaft 12 Piston 12a Support shaft 13 Communication pipe S Sediment DW Contamination water W Water

Claims (4)

Right and left and a pair of shells, and a connecting portion for rotatably connecting the shell each other, by raising and lowering the said connecting portion, said pair of right and left shell opened and closed to the left and right, closing the shell each other are in contact with In a closed-type dredging grab bucket in which the upper parts of the pair of left and right shells are closed when the shells are closed.
A pollution control mechanism having a cylinder, a piston that moves inside the cylinder, and a communication pipe that communicates the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the shell is provided, and the piston is moved in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the shell. When the shell is moved relative to the cylinder to open the shell, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder to the inside of the shell through the communication pipe, and when the shell is closed. Is a dredging grab bucket characterized in that a suction force is generated from the inside of the shell to the inside of the cylinder through the communication pipe. The dredging grab bucket according to claim 1, wherein one of the cylinder or the piston is rotatably connected to one of the shells, and the other of the cylinder or the piston is rotatably connected to the connecting portion. The dredging grab bucket according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the communication pipe is connected to the cylinder and the other end of the communication pipe is connected to the upper part of at least one of the shells. By raising and lowering the connecting portion rotatably connected to the pair of left and right shells, the pair of left and right shells are opened and closed to the left and right, and when the shells abut and close, the upper part of the pair of left and right shells is closed. In the dredging method using a closed type dredging grab bucket that is in a detached state,
A pollution suppression mechanism is provided in which the inside of the cylinder in which the piston is installed and the inside of the shell are communicated with each other by a communication pipe, and the piston is moved relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the shell. Oki,
When closing the shell and scooping the earth and sand on the bottom of the water, the polluted water inside the shell is sucked into the inside of the cylinder through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the piston.
When the closed shell is opened and the earth and sand are discharged, the polluted water sucked into the cylinder is discharged to the inside of the shell through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the piston. Dredging method to do.

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