JP2019039172A - Grab bucket for dredging and dredging method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a grab bucket for dredging and a dredging method capable of effectively preventing polluted water generated in an inner side of a shell from flowing out to an outer side of a shell without damaging dredging workability.SOLUTION: There is provided a pollution inhibition mechanism 10 which makes an inside of a cylinder 11 in which a piston 12 is installed communicate with an inner side of a shell 2 through a communication pipe 13, and moves the piston 12 relative to the cylinder 11 in cooperation with an opening and closing operation of the shell 2, in a sealed type grab bucket 1 for dredging. When the shell 2 is closed and sediment S in a water bottom is scooped, polluted water DW in the inner side of the shell 2 is sucked into the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13 by relative movement of the piston 12. When the closed shell 2 is opened and the sediment S is ejected, the polluted water DW sucked into the inside of the cylinder 11 is ejected into the inner side of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13 by the relative movement of the piston 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a grab bucket for dredging and a dredging method. More specifically, it effectively suppresses the outflow of polluted water generated inside the shell to the outside of the shell without impairing the workability of the dredging. The present invention relates to a grab bucket for dredging and a dredging method.

  A grab rod that performs dredging using a grab bucket that is lifted and lowered via a hanging wire is widely known. In a grab dredge using a grab bucket, when a pair of left and right shells are closed to scoop out sediment from the bottom of the water, turbid water is generated inside the shell. In a non-sealed grab bucket having an open top of the shell, the polluted water generated inside the shell flows out from the open top of the shell to the outside of the shell and diffuses into the water. Therefore, a sealed grab bucket may be used. In the case of a sealed grab bucket, since the inside of the shell becomes a sealed space when the shell is closed, the amount of polluted water flowing out of the shell can be reduced compared to a non-sealed grab bucket. . However, even when a sealed grab bucket is used, a certain amount of contaminated water flows out of the shell through the gap between the shells in the process of closing the shells.

  Therefore, conventionally, even when using a sealed grab bucket, in order to suppress the diffusion of polluted water, measures such as disposing a pollution prevention film around the work section where dredging is taken are taken. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In the countermeasure by the pollution prevention film, the polluted water can be confined inside the work section, but the polluted water diffuses in the work section. In the soot pollution prevention device described in Patent Document 1, the surrounding water of the grab bucket is covered with a bag-like body, and the water inside the bag-like body is discharged to the tank or the like through a pipe, thereby causing the polluted water to flow out of the shell. Remove. However, in this wrinkle pollution prevention device, a large bag-like body floats and moves irregularly, which hinders dredging work. In addition to the drive source for driving the grab bucket, a drive source (electricity) for driving the drainage pump is required.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-37229

  An object of the present invention is to provide a grab bucket for dredging and a dredging method that can effectively prevent the polluted water generated inside the shell from flowing out to the outside of the shell without impairing the workability of the dredging. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, a glove bucket for a basket according to the present invention has a pair of left and right shells and a connecting portion that rotatably connects the shells, and the pair of left and right shells are moved up and down to raise and lower the connecting portion. Opens and closes left and right, and when the shells are in contact with each other and closed, the closed upper grab bucket is closed, and the cylinder moves inside the cylinder. And a pollution control mechanism having a communication pipe that communicates the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the shell, and moves the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the shell. In the opening operation of the shell, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder to the inside of the shell through the communication pipe, and the shell is closed. It is characterized in that a configuration in which the suction force from the inside of the shell through the communicating pipe to the interior of the cylinder is generated when.

  The scissors method of the present invention opens and closes the pair of left and right shells by moving up and down a connecting portion that is rotatably connected to the pair of left and right shells, and the left and right when the shells abut against each other and close In a dredging method using a sealed dredging grab bucket in which the upper portions of a pair of shells are blocked, the inside of the cylinder in which the piston is provided and the inside of the shell are communicated with each other by a communicating pipe, A pollution control mechanism for moving the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the shell is provided, and when the shell is closed and the bottom sediment is scooped, the polluted water inside the shell When the piston is sucked into the cylinder through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the piston and the closed shell is opened to discharge the earth and sand, The sucked the polluted water by the relative movement of the piston, characterized in that discharging into the inside of the shell through the communicating pipe.

  According to the scissor grab bucket and the scissor method of the present invention, in the sealed scissor grab bucket, by providing a pollution control mechanism that moves the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the shell, When scrubbing the bottom of the water with the shell closed, the polluted water generated inside the shell can be sucked into the cylinder through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the piston in conjunction with the shell closing operation. . Thereby, it can suppress effectively that the polluted water which generate | occur | produced inside the shell flows out to the outer side of a shell in the process of closing a shell. The polluted water sucked into the inside of the cylinder is discharged to the inside of the shell when the shell is opened, so that the polluted water can be newly sucked into the cylinder by the operation of closing the next shell. Furthermore, since the pollution control mechanism is driven by opening and closing the shell without irregularly floating in water like a bag-like body, a dedicated drive device for the pollution control mechanism is not required. Therefore, the workability of the bag is not impaired.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which opened the shell of the grab bucket for straw of embodiment of this invention by a front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which is sucking in the polluted water inside a shell by the pollution control mechanism while closing the shell of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which closed the shell of FIG. 1 in front view. It is A arrow directional view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates in a front view the state which is discharging the earth and sand and polluted water which were drowned by opening the shell of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which has opened the shell of the grab bucket for straw of another embodiment of this invention by a front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which has closed the shell of FIG. 6 by a front view.

  Hereinafter, the grab bucket for dredging and the dredging method of the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figure, the inside of a part of the grab bucket for straw is visualized and depicted.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, a closed-type bag grab bucket 1 (hereinafter referred to as a bucket 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention has an upper frame 4 to which a suspension wire 7 is connected. The upper frame 4 is rotatably connected to upper ends of two left and right arms 5 via a support shaft 6a. Side ends of a pair of left and right shells 2 are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the two arms 5 via support shafts 6b.

  The pair of left and right shells 2 are rotatably connected by a connecting portion 3 provided between the shells 2. In this embodiment, the two support shafts 6c are provided in the connection part 3, and the upper end part of the shell 2 is rotatably connected with each support shaft 6c, respectively. In addition, the one supporting shaft 6c is provided in the connection part 3, and it can also be set as the structure by which the upper end part of the shell 2 was connected with the supporting shaft 6c so that rotation was possible. An opening / closing wire 8 is connected to the connecting portion 3.

  By changing the feeding length of the suspension wire 7, the entire bucket 1 can be moved up and down. By changing the feeding length of the open / close wire 8, the connecting portion 3 can be moved relative to the upper frame 4 in the vertical direction. The winding and unwinding of the suspension wire 7 and the opening / closing wire 8 are performed by, for example, a crane winch device mounted on a work boat.

  The bucket 1 is further equipped with a pollution control mechanism 10. The pollution control mechanism 10 includes a cylinder 11, a piston 12 that moves inside the cylinder 11, and a communication pipe 13 that communicates the inside of the cylinder 11 and the inside of the shell 2. In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to one of the shells 2, and the piston 12 (the rod thereof) is rotatably connected to the connecting portion 3. More specifically, the support shaft 11 a that connects the cylinder 11 and the shell 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the support shaft 6 b that connects the arm 5 and the shell 2. The support shaft 12 a that connects the piston 12 and the connecting portion 3 is disposed in the vicinity of the support shaft 6 c that connects the shell 2 and the connecting portion 3.

  The connecting positions of the cylinder 11 and the piston 12 can be appropriately determined according to the size of the cylinder 11 to be used, the shape of the shell 2, and the like. For example, the cylinder 11 can be connected to the connecting portion 3 and the piston 12 can be connected to the shell 2.

  Examples of the communication pipe 13 include a hose formed of an elastic member such as resin or rubber. One end of the communication pipe 13 is connected to the cylinder 11, and the other end of the communication pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the shell 2. In this embodiment, one end of the communication tube 13 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 11 defined by the tip end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11, and the other end of the communication tube 13 is the shell 2. Connected to the top.

  The upper portion of the shell 2 is an upper surface portion or a side surface portion of the shell 2 located on the upper portion of the shell 2 in a state where the pair of shells 2 are closed. More specifically, with the pair of shells 2 closed, the shell 2 located in the upper 30% of the vertical range from the lower end position to the upper end position of the sealed space formed inside the shell 2. Means an upper surface portion or a side surface portion.

  In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 and the inside of the shell 2 are connected by one communication pipe 13, but the cylinder 11 and the inside of the shell 2 can be connected by a plurality of communication pipes 13. One cylinder 11 and the insides of the shells 2 on both the left and right sides can be connected to each other by a communication pipe 13. The communication pipe 13 can also be configured to be branched into a plurality at a midway position.

  In this embodiment, a total of two pollution control mechanisms 10 are provided, one for each of the left and right shells 2. The number of installed pollution control mechanisms 10 provided in the bucket 1 can be appropriately determined according to the bucket capacity of the bucket 1 and the size of the cylinder 11 to be used.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when the connecting portion 3 is moved downward with respect to the upper frame 4, the respective shells 2 rotate around the support shaft 6 b and the support shaft 6 c, and the pair of left and right shells 2 are opened. become. In a state where the pair of shells 2 are opened, the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is short, and the head of the piston 12 is pushed to a deep position inside the cylinder 11 (support shaft 11a side).

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the connecting portion 3 is moved upward so as to approach the upper frame 4 by the opening / closing wire 8, the respective shells 2 rotate about the support shaft 6b and the support shaft 6c, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the pair of shells 2 are in a closed state with their opposing portions in contact with each other. When the shells 2 come into contact with each other and are closed, the upper portions of the pair of shells 2 are closed.

  In the operation of closing the pair of shells 2, the distance between the support shaft 11 a and the support shaft 12 a is gradually increased in conjunction with the operation of closing the pair of shells 2, and the head of the piston 12 is moved inside the cylinder 11. From a deep position (support shaft 11a side) to a shallow position (support shaft 12a side). As a result, during the operation of closing the shell 2, a suction force is generated from the inside of the shell 2 to the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the pair of shells 2 are opened by moving the connecting portion 3 downward relative to the upper frame 4 and opening the pair of closed shells 2, The separation distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is gradually shortened, and the head of the piston 12 is pushed from a shallow position inside the cylinder 11 to a deep position. As a result, when the shell 2 is opened, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the inside of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13. Thus, the pollution control mechanism 10 moves the piston 12 relative to the cylinder 11 in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the shell 2 by using the driving force for opening / closing the shell 2.

  Next, a dredge method using the bucket 1 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, with the pair of shells 2 opened, the bucket 1 is lowered into the water, and the tip portion (claw) of the shell 2 is pierced into the sediment S on the bottom of the water. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the pair of shells 2 are closed and the bottom sediment S is scooped up. When the shell 2 is closed and the bottom sediment S is scooped, the polluted water DW generated inside the shell 2 is sucked into the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13 by the relative movement of the piston 12.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the pair of shells 2 are completely closed, most of the contaminated water DW generated inside the shell 2 in the process of closing the shells 2 is sucked into the cylinder 11. Next, in a state where the pair of shells 2 are closed, the bucket 1 is lifted by the suspension wire 7 and the bucket 1 is moved onto the mud of the clay ship.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the pair of shells 2 are opened on the mud, and the earth and sand S are discharged from the inside of the shells 2. When the closed shell 2 is opened and the soil S is discharged, the polluted water DW sucked into the cylinder 11 is discharged to the inside of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13 by the relative movement of the piston 12. That is, the polluted water DW is discharged into the mud together with the earth and sand S. The dredging work is performed by repeating the above steps.

  Thus, in the present invention, by providing the pollution control mechanism 10 in the sealed bucket 1, the cylinder 11 of the piston 12 interlocked with the closing operation of the shell 2 when the shell 2 is closed and the bottom sediment S is scooped. As a result, the contaminated water DW generated inside the shell 2 can be sucked into the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13. Thereby, it is possible to effectively suppress the contaminated water DW generated inside the shell 2 from flowing out to the outside of the shell 2 in the process of closing the shell 2. Since the polluted water DW sucked into the cylinder 11 is discharged to the inside of the shell 2 with the operation of opening the shell 2, the polluted water DW can be newly sucked into the cylinder 11 by the operation of closing the next shell 2.

  Furthermore, since the pollution control mechanism 10 is driven by opening and closing the shell 2 without irregularly floating in the water unlike a bag-like body, a dedicated drive device for the pollution control mechanism 10 is not required. It becomes. Therefore, since there are no extra parts (members) that obstruct smooth dredging work, the workability of the dredging is not impaired.

  The total water absorption capacity by all the pollution control mechanisms 10 equipped in the bucket 1 may be set to 3% or more and 15% or less of the bucket capacity of the bucket 1, for example. When the total water absorption capacity by the pollution control mechanism 10 is set to the above-described range, the pollution water DW generated inside the shell 2 by the pollution control mechanism 10 can be sucked without excess or deficiency. By setting the total water absorption capacity by the pollution control mechanism 10 to 15% or less of the bucket capacity, the total water absorption capacity by the pollution control mechanism 10 is necessary to prevent the outflow of the dirty water DW generated inside the shell 2. It can also be prevented that the amount becomes excessive. Thereby, the ratio of the moisture in the earth and sand S and the water (polluted water DW and other water) discharged into the mud can be lowered, and it is advantageous for reducing the cost required for the transportation and disposal of the earth and sand S and the water. become. Moreover, the enlargement of the cylinder 11 can be avoided by setting the total water absorption capacity by the pollution control mechanism 10 to 15% or less of the bucket capacity.

  When the shell 2 is closed, the polluted water DW flows upward inside the shell 2, and the polluted water DW tends to flow out of the shell 2 through the gap between the shells 2. Therefore, when the communication pipe 13 is connected to the upper part of the shell 2 as in this embodiment, the polluted water DW that tends to flow out from the gap between the shells 2 is effectively passed into the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13. Can be aspirated. Further, by connecting the communication pipe 13 to the upper part of the shell 2, the risk of clogging the connecting pipe 13 with earth and sand can be reduced.

  As in this embodiment, when connecting one end of the communication pipe 13 to the inside of the cylinder 11 defined by the front end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11, the support shaft 11a is connected to the support shaft 6b. It is good to arrange | position in the vicinity and to arrange | position the spindle 12a to the vicinity of the spindle 6c. With the arrangement described above, the difference between the separation distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a in the state where the shell 2 is closed and the separation distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a in the state where the shell 2 is opened is obtained. Can be bigger. Thereby, since the movement range (so-called stroke amount) of the piston 12 with respect to the cylinder 11 can be increased, it is advantageous to increase the water absorption amount by the pollution control mechanism 10. The same effect can be obtained when the support shaft 12a is disposed in the vicinity of the support shaft 6c and the support shaft 11a is disposed in the vicinity of the support shaft 6c.

  In another embodiment of the bucket 1 illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the configuration of the pollution control mechanism 10 is different from the previous embodiment shown in FIGS. Other configurations are the same as those of the previous embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the pollution control mechanism 10 of this embodiment, one end of the communication tube 13 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 11 defined by the rear end surface of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11. Yes. Further, the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to one of the arms 5, and the piston 12 is rotatably connected to the connecting portion 3.

  In the bucket 1 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, when the pair of shells 2 are opened, the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a is gradually increased in conjunction with the opening operation of the shell 2. The head of the piston 12 moves from a deep position inside the cylinder 11 (support shaft 11a side) to a shallow position (support shaft 12a side). As a result, when the shell 2 is opened, a pressing force is generated from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the inside of the shell 2 through the communication pipe 13.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the operation of closing the pair of shells 2, the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a gradually decreases in conjunction with the operation of closing the shell 2, and the head of the piston 12 Moves from a shallow position inside the cylinder 11 to a deep position. As a result, during the operation of closing the shell 2, a suction force is generated from the inside of the shell 2 to the inside of the cylinder 11 through the communication pipe 13.

  That is, in the bucket 1 of this embodiment, contrary to the previous embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the polluted water inside the shell 2 is reduced by reducing the distance between the support shaft 11a and the support shaft 12a. DW is sucked into the cylinder 11, and the distance between the support shaft 11 a and the support shaft 12 a is increased, so that the polluted water DW sucked into the cylinder 11 is discharged to the inside of the shell 2.

  The dredging method using this bucket 1 is the same as the previous embodiment. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the polluted water DW inside the shell 2 is sucked by the pollution control mechanism 10, the cylinder 11 partitioned by the rear end face of the head of the piston 12 and the inner face of the cylinder 11. The polluted water DW is stored inside.

  When the communication pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the cylinder 11 defined by the rear end face of the head of the piston 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 11 as in this embodiment, the movement range of the piston 12 relative to the cylinder 11 is made longer. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, it is advantageous to increase the amount of water absorbed by the pollution control mechanism 10. In the case of this configuration, one of the cylinder 11 or the piston 12 may be rotatably connected to one of the arms 5, and the other of the cylinder 11 or the piston 12 may be rotatably connected to the connecting portion 3.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grab bucket 2 for shells 3 Connection part 4 Upper frame 5 Arm 6a-6c Support shaft 7 Hanging wire 8 Opening / closing wire 10 Pollution control mechanism 11 Cylinder 11a Support shaft 12 Piston 12a Support shaft 13 Communication pipe S Earth and sand DW Contaminated water W Water

Claims (4)

A pair of left and right shells and a connecting portion for rotatably connecting the shells are provided. By raising and lowering the connecting portion, the pair of left and right shells are opened and closed to the left and right, and the shells are in contact and closed. In the closed type grab bucket for closed bag where the upper part of the pair of left and right shells is closed at the time,
A pollution control mechanism having a cylinder, a piston that moves inside the cylinder, and a communication pipe that communicates the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the shell;
In the operation of opening the shell by moving the piston relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the shell, the pressing force from the inside of the cylinder to the inside of the shell is passed through the communication pipe. When the operation of closing the shell is performed, a suction grab bucket is configured to generate a suction force from the inside of the shell to the inside of the cylinder through the communication pipe.   2. The bag grab bucket according to claim 1, wherein one of the cylinder and the piston is rotatably connected to one of the shells, and the other of the cylinder or the piston is rotatably connected to the connecting portion.   3. The bag grab bucket according to claim 1, wherein one end of the communication pipe is connected to the cylinder, and the other end of the communication pipe is connected to an upper portion of at least one of the shells. The pair of left and right shells are moved up and down to open and close the pair of left and right shells so that the upper part of the pair of left and right shells is closed when the shells contact and close. In the dredging method using a sealed dredging grab bucket that becomes peeled,
A pollution control mechanism is provided in which the inside of the cylinder in which the piston is installed and the inside of the shell are communicated by a communication pipe, and the piston is moved relative to the cylinder in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the shell. Every
When scrubbing the bottom of the water by closing the shell, dirty water inside the shell is sucked into the cylinder through the communication pipe by the relative movement of the piston,
When the closed shell is opened and the earth and sand are discharged, the polluted water sucked into the cylinder is discharged to the inside of the shell through the communication pipe by relative movement of the piston.浚 渫 How to do it.

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