JP6900631B2 - Plant cultivation materials, their manufacturing methods and application methods of plant cultivation materials - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for utilizing a biological extract extracted from a living organism for plant cultivation and the like.

In plant cultivation, an environment suitable for growing plants is created by using materials for plant cultivation such as fertilizers and soil improvement materials. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of the taste and safety of crops, the number of farmers adopting organic farming is increasing. For this organic cultivation, fertilizers and soil improvement materials that are permitted to be used according to the organic JAS standard, such as natural minerals and calcined ash, are used.

In addition, in hydroponic cultivation in which plants are cultivated with a hydroponic solution without using soil, organic fertilizer-based hydroponic cultivation is performed in which organic fertilizer is decomposed into microorganisms to supply nutrients necessary for plant cultivation. For example, see Non-Patent Document 1). In this organic fertilizer-based hydroponic cultivation, organic liquid fertilizer based on biological extracts such as fish solubles and corn steep liquor is used.

"Manual for Hydroponic Cultivation Utilizing Organic Fertilizer", 1st Edition, Incorporated Administrative Agency Agricultural and Food Industry Technology Research Organization, Vegetable Tea Industry Research Institute, June 2014

By the way, in organic farming, since lime fertilizer is often used, there is a problem that the hydrogen ion index pH of soil (meaning soil acidity in soil) rises due to continuous cropping, which makes it unsuitable for plant cultivation.

When using biological extracts such as fish solubles and corn steep liquor for hydroponics or hydroponics, where plants are cultivated in nutrient-dissolved water, this is the way to obtain natural minerals other than nitrogen. It is necessary to ferment fish solubles and corn steep liquors for a long time. In order to obtain a mineral component by adding another mineral, there is a problem in operability such as dissolving the added natural mineral in a fish soluble or corn steep liquor and extracting it.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an organic material capable of adjusting the pH of soil, nutrient solution or water, or easily extracting natural minerals, and an application method thereof. There is.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the plant-cultivating material of the present invention, made from the raw material derived from a and and proteins, peptides, dipeptides suppression extract dipeptide was suppressed with contains free amino acids and minerals, hydrogen The ion index (pH) may be 0.5 or more and less than 7, the nitrogen component amount may be 0.5% or more and 4% or less, and the carbon ratio to nitrogen may be 0.5 or more and 6 or less.

The above-mentioned plant cultivation material may further contain fertilizer.

In the above-mentioned plant cultivation material, the dipeptide-suppressing extract may be acidified. For example, the hydrogen ion index may be 0.5 or more and 5 or less.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the method for producing a plant cultivation material of the present invention, a dipeptide is extracted from a biological extract containing a protein, a peptide, a free amino acid and a mineral, and hydrogen of the biological extract is obtained. After the treatment of adjusting the ion index to 0.5 or more and less than 7, the amount of nitrogen component to 0.5% or more and 4% or less, and the carbon ratio to nitrogen to 0.5 or more and 6 or less, and after extraction of the dipeptide. It may include a treatment of encapsulating the prepared biological extract in a container for plant cultivation.

In the method for manufacturing the plant-cultivating material, by adding fertilizer to the adjusted the biological extract may include a process of extracting a component of the fertilizer adjusted the biological extract. In this case, the adjusted biological extract containing the fertilizer component may be sealed in the plant cultivation container.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the method of applying the plant cultivation material of the present invention, the hydrogen ion index is 0.5 or more and less than 7, and the nitrogen component amount is 0.5% or more by extracting the dipeptide. Soil improvement materials, liquid fertilizers or mineral extracts for plant cultivation materials containing biological extracts containing proteins, peptides, free amino acids and minerals adjusted to 4% or less and a carbon ratio to nitrogen of 0.5 or more and 6 or less. It may be applied as.

In the method of applying the plant cultivation material, the plant cultivation material may further contain fertilizer.

According to the present invention, any of the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Biological extracts can suppress the effects on plants and adjust the pH of soil for soil cultivation, nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation, or water for hydroponic cultivation.

(2) Biological extracts can suppress the effects on plants and facilitate the dissolution and extraction of mineral components.

And other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further clarified by reference to embodiments and examples.

It is a flowchart which shows an example of the processing procedure of manufacturing of the material for plant cultivation.

[Material containing dipeptide inhibitor extract]

The dipeptide-suppressing extract-containing material (hereinafter, referred to as “extract-containing material”) is an example of the plant cultivation material of the present invention, and contains a dipeptide-suppressing extract. This dipeptide-suppressing extract is a biological extract in which the content of the dipeptide is suppressed by extracting the dipeptide from the biological extract. This biological extract is, for example, an extract extracted from terrestrial organisms such as cows and pigs, fish such as tuna, bonito and salmon, and meat, skin, internal organs or bones of birds such as chickens. The biological extract can be obtained, for example, by heating, boiling, steaming, squeezing, grinding, or enzymatically decomposing these meats, skins, internal organs or bones. Further, the extracts obtained by these treatments may be further subjected to a degreasing treatment, a filtration treatment or a concentration treatment to obtain a biological extract. This biological extract contains anserines, proteins, peptides, free amino acids, minerals and the like. Anserine is an example of a dipeptide and an imidazole dipeptide, which contains histidine and is a basic substance.

By extracting anserine exhibiting basicity from such a biological extract, the pH of the biological extract is adjusted. That is, by separating anserine, the biological extract is acidified or lowered in pH, and for example, an acidic dipeptide-suppressing extract can be obtained. Anserine may be extracted for the purpose of obtaining a dipeptide-suppressing extract, and anserine is extracted from a biological extract for the purpose of obtaining an amino acid used for food production or food processing, and its by-product, that is, anserine is extracted. Residuals such as an anserine produced at that time may be used for the dipeptide inhibitory extract.

Anserine can be extracted using, for example, component separation techniques such as ion exchange techniques and filtration techniques. Extraction of anserine using ion exchange may be performed, for example, by passing a biological extract through a cation exchange resin, adsorbing the anserine on the cation exchange resin, and separating the anserine from other extracts. A weakly acidic cation exchange resin may be used as the cation exchange resin. The cation exchange resin does not adsorb neutral or acidic amino acids or peptides, and these components can remain in the biological extract.

For the extraction of anserine using filtration, for example, an ultrafiltration membrane and a nanofiltration membrane having a sodium chloride inhibition rate of about 60 [%] are used. First, a biological extract is passed through an ultrafiltration membrane to separate the low molecular weight component containing anserine from the high molecular weight component, and then the separated low molecular weight component is passed through the nanofiltration membrane described above to form anserine and anserine. It may be separated into low molecular weight components excluding.

The pH of the dipeptide-suppressing extract used as a material for plant cultivation may be adjusted by extracting anserine, and it is not necessary that all anserine is extracted.

This dipeptide inhibitor extract contains, for example, proteins, peptides, free amino acids and minerals contained in biological extracts. It may also contain anserine. In the dipeptide-suppressing extract, organic nitrogen may be converted to mineralized nitrogen or the like so that it can be easily absorbed by plants by adding a decomposing agent that decomposes organic nitrogen such as proteins, peptides and free amino acids. For such a degrading agent, for example, a degrading enzyme that breaks down proteins can be used. These components are absorbed by the plant, or after decomposition, are absorbed by the plant to become a raw material for proteins and minerals necessary for the growth of the plant. The content of these components varies depending on the organism that is the basis of the biological extract and the site (meat, skin, internal organs, bone, etc.) from which the extract is extracted, but the physical characteristics shown below may be used as an example.

pH: 0.5 or more and less than 7 Nitrogen component amount: 0.5 or more and 4 or less [%]
C / N ratio (carbon / nitrogen ratio): 0.5 or more, 6 or less

Since the dipeptide inhibitor extract has acidity, for example, it can be used as a soil conditioner for lowering the pH of soil cultivated in soil. It can also be used as an improving material for lowering the pH of hydroponic nutrient solution or hydroponic water. The lower the pH, the higher the improvement of soil and the like, and the pH is preferably 0.5 or more and 5 or less, for example. In particular, a dipeptide-suppressing extract having a pH of 0.5 or more and 3 or less by sufficiently extracting anserine can be used as an improving material having excellent pH improvement.

Dipeptide-suppressing extracts contain proteins, peptides, free amino acids, or degradation products and minerals thereof and can be used as fertilizers. Moreover, since the dipeptide inhibitory extract contains minerals, it may be used as a mineral extract. In addition, the dipeptide-suppressing extract is, for example, acidic, and the mineral component can be easily dissolved and extracted by adding a natural mineral. That is, the mineral component in the dipeptide-suppressing extract can be easily increased.

The extract-containing material containing the dipeptide-suppressing extract may be the undiluted solution of the dipeptide-suppressing extract described above, and is diluted with tap water or well water depending on the application such as soil spraying, hydroponic cultivation or hydroponics. It may be diluted with water. If it is the undiluted solution, the concentration of the extract-containing material can be adjusted according to the condition of the soil, nutrient solution or water when it is used for cultivation, and the volume of the extract-containing material during transportation and storage is suppressed. can do. If the diluted solution is diluted in advance, it is not necessary to dilute the extract-containing material at the time of use, and the extract-containing material can be easily used. In addition, the dipeptide inhibitory extract may be concentrated. If it is concentrated, the adjustment range of the spray concentration can be expanded as compared with the undiluted solution or the diluted solution, and the volume of the extract-containing material during transportation and storage can be further suppressed.

[Mixed material of dipeptide-suppressing extract and fertilizer]

The mixed material of the dipeptide-suppressing extract and the fertilizer (hereinafter referred to as "extract-fertilizer mixed material") is an example of the material for plant cultivation of the present invention, and is shown below in addition to the above-mentioned dipeptide-suppressing extract (1). )-Contains one or more of the fertilizers (12).

(1) Nitrogen fertilizer

Nitric acid fertilizers include ammonia sulfate, ammonia hydrochloride, ammonia nitrate, sodium nitrate, lime nitrate, ammonia fertilizer, urea, lime nitrogen, ammonia lime nitrate, ammonia nitrate sodium, nitrate fertilizer, acetaldehyde by-product nitrogen fertilizer, There are mixed nitrogen fertilizers.

(2) Phosphate fertilizer

Phosphate fertilizers include lime perphosphate, lime diperphosphate, molten fertilizer, phosphoric acid rot, calcined phosphorus fertilizer, heavy roasted phosphorus, Linster (registered trademark), bitter perphosphoric acid, and phosphorus. There are ammonium acid, potassium phosphate, mixed phosphoric acid fertilizer, by-product phosphoric acid fertilizer, superphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, hexametaphosphoric acid and its soda salt.

(3) Potassic fertilizer

Potassium fertilizers include potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate bitter soil, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium rot, potassium silicate, liquid potassium silicate fertilizer, crude potassium salt, processed potassium, by-product potassium fertilizer, There are mixed potassium fertilizers and ash.

(4) Complex fertilizer

The compound fertilizer includes a molten compound fertilizer, a chemical fertilizer, a by-product compound fertilizer, a liquid compound fertilizer, an adsorption compound fertilizer, and a coated compound fertilizer.

(5) Limestone fertilizer

Calcareous fertilizers include slaked lime, quicklime, and calcium carbonate fertilizer.

(6) Magnesium fertilizer

Magnesium fertilizers include sulfuric acid magnesium fertilizer and hydroxide magnesium fertilizer.

(7) Silicic acid fertilizer

Silicic acid fertilizers include ore silicic acid fertilizers and silica gel.

(8) Manganese fertilizer

Manganese fertilizers include manganese sulfate fertilizers.

(9) Hosei fertilizer

Borate fertilizers include borate fertilizers, boric acid fertilizers, and borax.

(10) Trace element compound fertilizer

Manganese, boron, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine correspond to trace elements, and the compound fertilizers of these trace elements include molten trace element compound fertilizer, liquid trace element compound fertilizer, and mixed trace element fertilizer. is there.

(11) Natural fertilizer

Natural fertilizers include oysters, fossil shellfish, wood ash, natural minerals, fertilized poultry manure such as chicken manure and its calcined ash, crustacean fertilizer, and bone meal.

(12) Other

Examples of fertilizers other than the fertilizers shown in (1) to (11) above include ordinary chemical fertilizers, advanced chemical fertilizers, two-component compound fertilizers, compound fertilizers, fertilizer-adjusted fertilizers, and paste fertilizers.

The fertilizer to be contained in the extract-fertilizer mixed material and the amount to be added thereof may be selected and determined according to the use of the extract-fertilizer mixed material. For example, if a calcareous fertilizer is included and the calcium component is dissolved and extracted, the material can be fortified with the calcium component, and if the trace element compound fertilizer is included and the trace element component is dissolved and extracted, the trace element can be obtained. It can be a reinforced material.

In addition, the fertilizer to be added to the extract-fertilizer mixed material and the amount of the fertilizer added may be determined so as to have the component ratio of the fertilizer listed in the agricultural materials. For example, fertilizers to be added so as to become the "Gardening Experiment Station Standard" shown in Table 5 of "Guide for Culture Solution Treatment in Hydroponic Cultivation" (Yamaguchi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station, March 2007). And the amount of the fertilizer to be added may be determined, and the fertilizer to be added and its addition so as to be in the "Garden Trial Formulation" shown in Table 6 of "Guide for Treatment of Culture Solution in Hydroponic Cultivation". The amount may be determined, or the fertilizer to be added and the amount thereof may be determined so that the other formulations shown in Tables 5 and 6 are obtained.

(Example of prescription of culture solution of "Gardening Experiment Station Standard")
Ingredients Ingredient concentration [me / L]
Nitrogen (N): 16
Rin (P): 4
Potassium (K): 8
Calcium (Ca): 8
Magnesium (Mg): 4
However, nitrogen is _{the component concentration of NO 3-} N, and phosphorus is the component concentration of _{PO 4-P.}

(Example of composition of trace elements of "Garden trial prescription")
Ingredients Ingredient concentration [ppm]
Manganese (Mn): 0.50
Boron (B): 0.50
Iron (Fe): 3.00
Copper (Cu): 0.020
Zinc (Zn): 0.050
Molybdenum (Mo): 0.010

The extract-fertilizer mixture material may contain diluted water as well as the extract-containing material, and may contain a concentrated dipeptide-suppressing extract.

[Method of applying extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixed material]

As a form of use of the above-mentioned extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixed material, for example, the undiluted solution can be sprayed on soil for soil cultivation. Alternatively, it may be diluted with the diluted water described above, and the diluted extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixture material may be sprayed on the soil. For example, if an extract-containing material or an extract-fertilizer mixed material having a pH of 5 or less, preferably a pH of 3 or less is applied, the pH of soil having a high pH can be efficiently lowered due to residual calcareous fertilizer or the like, and the pH of soil is high. When applied to low pH soil used for tea cultivation, etc., it is possible to suppress the rise in pH and supply the components necessary for cultivation, and effective soil improvement with extract-containing materials or extract-fertilizer mixed materials. It can be used as a material or fertilizer. The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material may be used as a nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation or a water improvement material or fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation.

The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material may be applied to soil, nutrient solution, water or a plant after adjusting the pH. To raise the pH, alkaline fertilizers such as calcareous fertilizer, potash carbonate, and vegetation ash can be added to the extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixture, and the alkaline component can be dissolved and extracted in the extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixture. Frequently, in order to lower the pH, an acidic fertilizer such as ammonia sulfate, ammonia hydrochloride or alkali sulfate may be added, and the acidic component may be dissolved and extracted in the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material. By applying the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material whose pH is adjusted in this way, the pH of the soil, nutrient solution or water can be adjusted and the material can act as a fertilizer.

The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material may be applied after the fertilizer is added. When adding fertilizer, the required amount of fertilizer to be added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material may be calculated according to the growth condition and absorption characteristics of the plant. Fertilizer may be added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material based on the calculation result. For example, if there are signs of calcium deficiency in the plant being cultivated, lime-based fertilizer is added to the extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixed material to dissolve and extract the calcium component, and the extract is contained after the fertilizer is added. After diluting the material or extract-fertilizer mixed material, it can be applied as fertilizer by topdressing or foliar spraying.

If the cultivated plant shows a deficiency of trace elements, a fertilizer containing the trace elements is added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material to dissolve and extract the trace elements, and this fertilizer is added. After diluting the later extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixed material, it can be applied as fertilizer by topdressing or foliar spraying.

The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material can be used as a liquid fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation. The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixture material can be diluted or applied with a stock solution. The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material may be used after the fertilizer is added. When adding fertilizer, the required amount of fertilizer to be added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material may be calculated according to the growth condition and absorption characteristics of the plant. Fertilizer may be added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material based on the calculation result. For example, in hydroponic cultivation, organic soil such as coconut peat and rice husks made from coconut husks is used. At this time, the fertilizer added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material should be an inorganic fertilizer as much as possible. By adding an inorganic fertilizer, the inorganic component can be dissolved and extracted in the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material, and the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer having a C / N ratio of 4 or less, which is useful in solution cultivation. A mixed material can be obtained. It is desirable to add an inorganic fertilizer that does not contain organic matter to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material. If the above-mentioned organic soil is used for hydroponic cultivation, the efficiency of plant growth is good, but inorganic soil such as urethane or rock wool may be used.

The extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixed material can be used as a liquid fertilizer for hydroponics or organic fertilizer-based hydroponic cultivation, and can be used as a mineral extract. For use as a mineral extract, fertilizers may be added to the extract-containing material or the extract-fertilizer mixture so that the minerals have the desired concentration and component balance. Mineral concentrations and component balances may be adjusted, for example, based on the above-mentioned gardening laboratory standards, garden trial prescriptions, or other prescriptions. Hydroponics or organic fertilizer utilization type by using extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixture material to which fertilizer is added based on such adjustment of concentration and component balance for hydroponics or organic fertilizer utilization type hydroponic cultivation. It is possible to control the concentration and balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and trace elements required for hydroponics.

When applying an extract-containing material or an extract-fertilizer mixed material to a hydroponic cultivation line or an organic fertilizer-based hydroponic cultivation water production line, use a filter to filter the extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixture material. The filtrate may be filtered and added to the hydroponic line or hydroponic production line. The filter may be, for example, a non-woven fabric. Insoluble matter can be removed with a filter and the dissolved and extracted fertilizer or mineral can be supplied to the nutrient solution or water.

[Manufacturing method of extract-containing material or extract-fertilizer mixed material]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a processing procedure for producing an extract-containing material or an extract-fertilizer mixed material. This treatment procedure is an example of the method for producing a plant cultivation material of the present invention, and includes a treatment for producing a dipeptide-suppressing extract (S11 to S12), a fertilizer addition treatment (S13 to S14), and a dilution or concentration treatment (S15). ~ S18), encapsulation treatment in a plant cultivation container and (S19) are included.

In the treatment for producing a dipeptide-suppressing extract, the above-mentioned biological extract is extracted from an organism (S11), and anserine is extracted and separated from the biological extract (S12). A dipeptide-suppressing extract can be obtained by extracting and separating anserine.

In the fertilizer addition treatment, when fertilizer is added (YES in S13), the fertilizer is added to the dipeptide-suppressing extract, and the fertilizer component is dissolved and extracted in the dipeptide-suppressing extract (S14). When no fertilizer is added (NO in S13), the addition of fertilizer is omitted. By performing this fertilizer addition treatment, an extract-fertilizer mixed material can be obtained, and if omitted, an extract-containing material can be obtained.

In the dilution or concentration treatment, when diluting (YES in S15), diluting the dipeptide-suppressing extract after fertilizer addition or without addition with diluting water (S16), and not diluting (NO in S15), concentrating (S17). YES), concentrate the dipeptide suppressor extract after fertilizer addition or no addition (S18), and if it is not diluted (NO in S15) and not concentrated (NO in S17), the dipeptide suppressor extract after fertilizer addition or without addition Omit dilution and concentration.

In the encapsulation treatment in the plant cultivation container, the diluted dipeptide inhibitory extract, the concentrated dipeptide inhibitory extract, or the dipeptide inhibitory extract without dilution and concentration is encapsulated in the plant cultivation container (S19). By enclosing it in a container for plant cultivation, it is possible to facilitate the transportation, sale and use of the extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material.

In the above-mentioned treatment procedure, an extract-containing material or an extract-fertilizer mixed material was obtained by performing a dilution or concentration treatment after the fertilizer addition treatment, but even if the fertilizer addition treatment is performed after the dilution or concentration treatment, the extract-containing material or An extract-fertilizer mixture can be obtained. Further, if necessary, selective treatment such as degreasing treatment or filtration treatment may be added.

<Actions and effects of embodiments>

According to this embodiment, the following actions and effects can be obtained.

(1) Since it contains a biological extract, it is possible to obtain a material for plant cultivation that has little effect on the plant body.

(2) The biological extract can be acidified by extracting anserine, and this biological extract can be utilized for dissolving and extracting the fertilizer component of the fertilizer to which the pH is adjusted or added.

(3) Anserine extracted from biological extracts can be used for food. In addition, for the purpose of obtaining amino acids to be used in food manufacturing or food processing, the residuals of by-products when anserine is extracted from biological extracts, such as the pass-through liquid produced when anserine is extracted, are derived from living organisms. It can also be used as an extract. It is possible to improve the efficiency of utilization of biological extracts as resources and to suppress the amount of waste liquid generated.

(4) With the pH-adjusted biological extract, the fertilizer component of the added fertilizer can be dissolved and extracted, and a liquid fertilizer having a quick effect can be obtained. In addition, the mineral components of the added natural minerals can be dissolved and extracted, and a quick-acting mineral extract can be obtained.

(5) If the extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material are acidic due to the inclusion of the pH-adjusted biological extract, adjust the pH of the soil for soil cultivation, the nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation, or the water for hydroponic cultivation. This can be done, and the addition of fertilizers or natural minerals facilitates the dissolution and extraction of fertilizers or mineral components.

(6) Extract-containing materials and extract-fertilizer mixed materials can be used as inorganic fertilizers such as mineral extracts, which contributes to the reduction of imports of inorganic fertilizers, which are heavily dependent on imports from overseas. Can be done. In addition, if biological extracts produced in Japan are used, raw material prices will not rise due to fluctuations in exchange rates and trade policies, unlike imported fertilizers.

(7) The extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material can be organic fertilizer-based liquid fertilizer. Fertilizers obtained by fertilizing livestock excrement such as chicken manure, cow manure, and pig manure, calcined fertilizers such as calcined ash, plant residues such as oil cake and rice bran, and solid organic fertilizers such as oysters and shell fossils. It does not require long-term decomposition by microorganisms in the soil in order to obtain nutrients that are easily absorbed by plants.

(8) The extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixture material can be liquid fertilizer having a lower viscosity than liquid fertilizer using fish soluble or corn steep liquor, and are easy to handle. In addition, since the residuals produced in the amino acid production process can be utilized, unlike liquid fertilizer using fish soluble or corn steep liquor, the risk of soaring raw materials due to a decrease in catch can be suppressed.

(9) The extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixture material can be a mineral extract containing natural minerals, and can suppress damage to plants.

[Example 1]

Example 1 is an example of applying an extract-containing material and an extract-fertilizer mixed material to soil cultivation.

As natural minerals, powders such as calcined chicken manure ash, shell fossils, wood ash, palm ash (potassium fertilizer), bluesite (magnesium hydroxide) and oyster shavings, and coarsely crushed products are added to the above-mentioned dipeptide suppressor extract 100 [ml]. Add and soak for 10-30 [minutes]. When these powders and coarsely ground products are added to the dipeptide-suppressed extract, foaming begins and the mineral components of these powders and coarsely ground products are dissolved and extracted in the dipeptide-suppressed extract. After the foaming has converged, the dipeptide-suppressing extract in which the mineral component is dissolved and extracted is diluted to obtain a liquid fertilizer having a soil improving effect. The amount of powder and coarsely crushed products such as chicken manure calcined ash, shell fossil, wood ash, palm ash, blue sight and oyster shavings added to the dipeptide suppressor extract is the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. in the soil to which the obtained liquid fertilizer is sprayed. The amount of potassium, calcium and magnesium is adjusted to be the same as that of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium contained in the soil to which a predetermined amount of chemical fertilizer 8-8-8 (granular lime fertilizer) is applied.

The physical characteristics of the dipeptide inhibitor extract are as follows.
pH: 0.5 or more and less than 7 Nitrogen component amount: 0.5 or more and 4 or less [%]
C / N ratio: 0.5 or more, 6 or less

[Cultivation example using the liquid fertilizer of Example 1 (hereinafter referred to as "cultivation example 1")]

For cultivation, the soil in the actual field, which has a saturated hydraulic conductivity of about 4.0 × 10 ^-5 [m / s] and an effective water content of about 140 [L / m ³ ] and has a proven track record in tomato cultivation, is used. This soil was placed in a 70 L planter until it was full, and the liquid fertilizer of Example 1 was sprayed. Here, the saturated hydraulic conductivity can be measured by, for example, the constant water level method or the variable water level method described in "Soil Environment Analysis Method" (Hakuyusha, published in 1997), and the effective moisture is the standard of the Japanese Geotechnical Society. JGS 0151-2009, supervised by the Japanese Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer It can be measured based on the soil standard analysis and measurement method.

Two weeks after spraying the liquid fertilizer, the fertilizer was acclimated to the soil in the greenhouse. Then, one 15 [cm] seedling of tomato (variety name: House Momotaro) was planted in the above-mentioned 70L planter and cultivated in a greenhouse adjusted to 15 to 35 [° C.].

Fertilizer was added while observing the condition of tomatoes. In other words, when calcium is deficient, the amount of oysters to be dissolved in the dipeptide-suppressing extract is increased, and when potassium is deficient, calcined chicken manure ash is added to the dipeptide-suppressing extract, and then a 100-fold diluted nutrient solution is applied to the root of the tomato. It was added in the vicinity.

The tomatoes were cultivated for 2 months and the growth of tomatoes was observed.

[Comparative Example 1]

In Comparative Example 1, the above-mentioned chemical fertilizer 8-8-8 (inorganic fertilizer) is used. After spraying a predetermined amount of this chemical fertilizer 8-8-8 on the soil, plow-in was performed. The liquid fertilizer of Example 1 is adjusted so that the soil after spraying has the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium of the soil to which a predetermined amount of chemical fertilizer 8-8-8 is sprayed. The amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium after plow-in of 1 are the same as those of cultivation example 1.

Two weeks after spraying the water, the fertilizer was acclimated to the soil in the same greenhouse as in Cultivation Example 1. Then, tomato seedlings were planted on the same day as in cultivation example 1.

[Comparative Example 2]

In Comparative Example 2, tomato seedlings were cultivated only with fertilizer already remaining in the soil without adding fertilizer.

(Evaluation as fertilizer)

Five tomato seedlings were cultivated under the conditions of Cultivation Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and the average values of stem heights at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after planting were compared. The cultivation results are shown in Table 1.

The growth ratio in Table 1 is a value obtained by dividing the length of the stem length of Cultivation Example 1 or Comparative Example 1 60 days after planting by the length of the stem length of Comparative Example 2.

In Cultivation Example 1, the growth degree of stem height is clearly higher than that in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and the usefulness of the liquid fertilizer of Example 1 as a fertilizer is recognized.

(Evaluation as a soil improvement material)

The soils before the start of tomato cultivation had a saturated hydraulic conductivity of 4.0 × 10 ^-5 [m / s], an effective water content of 150 [L / m ³ ], and a pH of 7.2. On the other hand, Table 2 shows the results of measuring the saturated hydraulic conductivity, effective water content and pH of the soil after cultivation of tomatoes.

In Cultivation Example 1, an increase in the saturated hydraulic conductivity and a decrease in the effective water content were observed only by adding an extract-fertilizer mixed material containing an organic fertilizer and a dipeptide-suppressing extract, and the saturation was in the ^10-4 [m / s] range suitable for cultivation. It is possible to obtain a hydraulic conductivity, effective moisture of around 100 [L / m ³ ], and soil properties close to pH 6 to 6.5. That is, the usefulness of the liquid fertilizer having the soil improving action of Example 1 as a soil improving material is recognized. It is considered that the dipeptide-suppressing extract is organic in the liquid fertilizer, the microorganisms in the soil are activated, and the agglomeration of the soil is promoted.

[Example 2]

Example 2 is another example of applying the extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material to soil cultivation.

Various fertilizers (burnt chicken manure ash, shell fossil, wood ash, etc.) are added to the same dipeptide-suppressing extract as in Example 1 so that the amount of mineral components matches or approximates that of commercially available Pentagarden (registered trademark) (manufactured by Cosmo ALA Co., Ltd.). Palm ash, bluesight and oysters, etc.) are added to dissolve and extract the mineral components in the dipeptide suppressor extract to obtain a mixed fertilizer of the dipeptide suppressor extract and fertilizer. Using the obtained mixed fertilizer of Example 2 as a test fertilizer and Pentagarden (registered trademark) as a control fertilizer, "Method of cultivation test regarding harm to plants" (59 Agricultural Silkworm No. 1943, Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries, April 18, 1984) Table 3 shows the results of analysis in a test based on the notification of the director of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Horticulture, and the final revision, April 5, 2001, 12 Production No. 2892).

[Cultivation example using fertilizer of Example 2]

Using the fertilizer of Example 2 as the test fertilizer and the above-mentioned Pentagarden (registered trademark) as the control fertilizer, a plant damage test is carried out in accordance with the above-mentioned "Method of cultivation test for harm to plants". Komatsuna was used as the prototype. Table 4 shows the soil texture of the test soil and the type of soil.

Table 5 shows the design of fertilization and the names of the test plots. The test plot (design of fertilizer application) using the fertilizer of Example 2 as the test fertilizer is designated as Cultivation Example 2, the test plot using the above-mentioned control fertilizer is designated as Comparative Example 3, and the standard plot is designated as Comparative Example 4.

In Table 5, the component amount of the test fertilizer is the total component amount of the original fertilizer and the test fertilizer, the component amount of the control fertilizer is the total component amount of the original fertilizer and the control fertilizer, and the component amount of the standard group is It is the amount of ingredients only for the original fertilizer. Ammonia sulfate, potassium fertilizer and calcareous fertilizer, which are natural minerals, were used as the main fertilizer, and amounts corresponding to 25 [mg] per test container were added as _{N, P 2} O ₅ and K _{2 O, respectively.}

The results of the plant damage test are shown in Table 6.

In cultivation example 2, it was possible to grow reliably in terms of growth rate, and no abnormal symptoms were observed. Cultivation example 2 does not have a significant difference in the degree of growth as compared with Comparative Example 3. It is recognized that Cultivation Example 2 has a remarkable growth difference as compared with Comparative Example 4 in which only the original fertilizer is used. That is, it is recognized that the fertilizer according to Example 2 can be effectively used as a fertilizer, and that the organic fertilizer can obtain almost the same growth performance as the chemical compound fertilizer.

[Example 3]

Example 3 is an example of applying the extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material to hydroponic cultivation.

As natural minerals, powder and coarsely crushed products such as chicken manure calcined ash, shell fossil, wood ash, palm ash, blue sight and oyster shavings are made into the above-mentioned gardening test standard nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. , Add to 100 [ml] of the same dipeptide-suppressing extract as in Example 1, and intermittently stir for 10 to 30 [minutes] to dissolve and extract the mineral component in the dipeptide-suppressing extract. The dipeptide-suppressing extract after intermittent stirring is filtered through a non-woven fabric, and the obtained filtrate is diluted 100 to 1000 times with tap water to obtain an extract-fertilizer mixture material. The obtained extract-fertilizer mixed material was used as liquid fertilizer for hydroponic cultivation. The obtained extract-fertilizer mixed material may be used as liquid fertilizer for hydroponics.

[Cultivation example using liquid fertilizer of Example 3 (hereinafter referred to as "cultivation example 3")]

The liquid fertilizer of Example 3 can be used, for example, for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes. Specifically, the liquid fertilizer of Example 3 in which minerals were extracted from the soil of coconut peat (coco peat [registered trademark]) in which tomato (variety name: House Momotarou) seedlings were planted, and the above-mentioned horticultural laboratory standard for simple fertilizer. Tomatoes can be cultivated by adding liquid fertilizer adjusted to the above and adjusting the temperature to 15 to 35 [° C.] in a greenhouse. At this time, the amount of water and liquid fertilizer may be adjusted and added while observing the condition of the tomato, and the amount of liquid fertilizer added at the end of cultivation may be adjusted to be the same for each tomato seedling. ..

[Example 4]

Example 4 is an example of applying the extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material to hydroponics.

An extract-fertilizer mixture containing the same dipeptide-suppressing extract as in Example 1, natural minerals such as calcined chicken manure ash, potash fertilizer, oysters and lime, and commercially available Otsuka House (OAT House) Nos. 1 and 2. Get the materials. At this time, as for the content of Otsuka House No. 1 and No. 2, Otsuka House No. 1, No. 2 and No. 5 are used at the standard concentration (EC about 250 [mS / m], EC represents electrical conductivity). Adjust the amount of fertilizer example (hereinafter referred to as "Otsuka fertilizer example") to one-fourth of the amount used for Otsuka House Nos. 1 and 2. The amount of nitrogen in the extract-fertilizer mixed material is adjusted so as to match or approximate the amount of nitrogen in the above-mentioned Otsuka fertilizer example.

[Example 5]

Example 5 is another example of applying the extract-containing material and the extract-fertilizer mixed material to hydroponics.

An extract-fertilizer mixed material containing the same dipeptide-suppressing extract as in Example 1 and Otsuka House No. 1 is obtained. At this time, the content of Otsuka House No. 1 is the amount of Otsuka House No. 1 used in the above-mentioned Otsuka fertilizer example so as to match or approximate the nitrogen content (10.0 [%]) of Otsuka House No. 1. Adjust to 1/8 of the amount. The extract-fertilizer mixed material of Example 5 is applied as a mineral together with, for example, Otsuka House No. 2.

[Cultivation example using the liquid fertilizer of Example 4 (hereinafter referred to as "cultivation example 4") and cultivation example using the liquid fertilizer of Example 5 (hereinafter referred to as "cultivation example 5")]

A 30 [cm] x 5 [m] thin-film hydroponic (NFT) line is covered with artificial hilling soil wrapped with 1 [L] urethane sponge in a non-woven fabric, and tomato seedlings are planted in this artificial hilling soil for 15 to 32. Cultivate for 2 months in a greenhouse adjusted to [° C]. As the tomato seedlings, mini tomato seedlings sown in urethane sponge cubes and grown to about 20 [cm] are used.

In cultivation example 4, the extract-fertilizer mixed material of Example 4 is used as the fertilizer and mineral extract, and in cultivation example 5, the extract-fertilizer mixed material of Example 5 is used as the fertilizer, and Otsuka House No. 2 is used as the mineral. In Comparative Example 5, the fertilizer of the above-mentioned Otsuka fertilizer example is used. The stem lengths of tomato seedlings cultivated under the conditions of Cultivation Example 4, Cultivation Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 were compared 15 days, 1 month and 2 months after planting. The cultivation results are shown in Table 7.

In both Cultivation Example 4 and Cultivation Example 5, the same growth degree as that of Comparative Example 5 can be obtained.

<Modification example>

(1) In the above example, natural minerals, fertilizers or water are added to the dipeptide-suppressing extract, but these may be added at the time of application, and the extract-containing material or extract to which these are added- The fertilizer mixture may be sold or distributed on the market and the commercial product may be applied directly or diluted.

(2) In the above embodiments and examples, diluted water was used to dilute the dipeptide-suppressing extract, but it is sufficient if the dipeptide-suppressing extract can be diluted, and for example, it may be diluted with an aqueous solution containing nutrients.

As described above, preferred embodiments of the plant cultivation material of the present invention, a method for producing the same, and a method for applying the plant cultivation material have been described. The present invention is not limited to the above description. It goes without saying that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art based on the gist of the invention described in the claims or disclosed in the form for carrying out the invention. Needless to say, such modifications and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an acidic solution using a biological extract as a raw material, and it is possible to provide an extract-containing material such as pH adjustment and minerals, which is useful.

Claims (8)

Biological derived a and and proteins, peptides, consists dipeptide inhibit extract dipeptide was suppressed with contains free amino acids and minerals, the hydrogen ion exponent of 0.5 or more and less than 7, the nitrogen component amount is 0.5% or more, A material for plant cultivation, characterized in that the carbon ratio to nitrogen is 0.5 or more and 6 or less, which is 4% or less. The plant cultivation material according to claim 1, further comprising fertilizer. The plant cultivation material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dipeptide-suppressing extract is acidified. The plant cultivation material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dipeptide-suppressing extract has a hydrogen ion index of 0.5 or more and 5 or less. Dipeptides are extracted from biological extracts containing proteins, peptides, free amino acids and minerals, and the hydrogen ion index of this biological extract is 0.5 or more and less than 7, and the amount of nitrogen component is 0.5% or more and 4% or less. And the treatment to adjust the carbon ratio to nitrogen to 0.5 or more and 6 or less,
A treatment of encapsulating the prepared biological extract after extraction of the dipeptide in a plant cultivation container, and
A method for producing a material for plant cultivation, which comprises. The treatment comprises adding a fertilizer to the prepared biological extract to extract the components of the fertilizer into the adjusted biological extract.
The method for producing a plant cultivation material according to claim 5, wherein the adjusted biological extract containing the fertilizer component is sealed in the plant cultivation container. Proteins and peptides whose hydrogen ion index was adjusted to 0.5 or more and less than 7 by extraction of dipeptide, the amount of nitrogen component was adjusted to 0.5% or more and 4% or less, and the carbon ratio to nitrogen was adjusted to 0.5 or more and 6 or less. , A method for applying a plant cultivation material, which comprises applying a plant cultivation material containing a biological extract containing free amino acids and minerals as a soil improvement material, liquid fertilizer or mineral extract. The method for applying a plant cultivation material according to claim 7, wherein the plant cultivation material further contains fertilizer.

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