JP6887235B2 - How to crush fuel debris - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for crushing a crushed object such as a solid substance, and more particularly to a method for controlling crushed pieces.

Efficient crushing technology for solids to be crushed is required in various industrial fields such as road construction, processing and crushing of granite, and crushing of fuel debris in nuclear power plants. And crushing method technology is being developed.

As a background technology in this technical field, for example, there is a technology such as Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses, "In a striking underground excavator, a nozzle is provided at the tip of a chisel that crushes an object, high-pressure water is sent from a water pump through a passage, and high-pressure water is injected." ing.

Further, Patent Document 2 states, "A down-the-hole hammer having a compressed air flow path that extends in the axial direction of the main body inside the main body, and the bit main body 9 is operated by the compressed air supplied to the compressed air flow path. In the main body, a fluid ejection pipe 8 extending in the axial direction of the main body is further provided, and an ejection path for both the fluid from the fluid ejection pipe and the compressed air from the compressed air flow path is provided. It is disclosed that the open portion is formed in a state of being open on the lower surface of the bit body. "

Further, in Patent Document 3, "a plurality of excavation bits are attached to the inner circumference or the outer circumference of the lower end of the hollow pipe for sand pile construction so as to project downward, and the hollow pipe is attached downward to the outer circumference of the lower end of the hollow pipe. A plurality of nozzles for injecting high-pressure jet water are arranged, and the hard ground is crushed by the above-mentioned bit using the vibration of the vibro hammer at the head of the hollow pipe, and the hard ground is crushed and loosened by the high-pressure jet water from the above-mentioned nozzle. To facilitate the penetration of the hollow tube ”is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-6493 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-184279 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-120364

As mentioned above, solid matter crushing technology is used in many industrial fields, and in all fields, control of the shape and size (dimensions) of crushed pieces after crushing, and recovery of crushed pieces at the time of crushing. How to control the crushed pieces, such as prevention of scattering and scattering, has become an important issue.

All of the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 to 3 relate to an enforcement method in which high-pressure water and a chisel are combined, and describe control of crushed pieces such as shape control of a crushed object, recovery method of crushed pieces, and prevention of scattering. Not.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing method and a crushing device capable of controlling the shape and dimensions of a crushed piece after crushing an object to be crushed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crushing method and a crushing device capable of efficiently recovering crushed pieces and effectively preventing scattering when crushing an object to be crushed.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a crushing method of crushing the fuel debris nuclear plant recoverable shape and size to the predetermined container, relative to the fuel debris, consisting chisel and nozzle crushed the apparatus was more at a desired position, to shock forces chisel of each of the plurality of crushing device to the fuel debris injects a jet from the nozzle of each of said plurality of crushing device to the fuel debris, the Each chisel and nozzle is continuously or intermittently moved according to the shape and size , and the portion of the fuel debris sandwiched between the crushing devices is integrally crushed.

Further, the present invention is a crushing method for crushing fuel debris of a nuclear power plant into a shape and size that can be recovered in a predetermined container, and a crushing device composed of a chisel and a nozzle is placed at a desired position with respect to the fuel debris. A plurality of crushers are arranged, jets from each nozzle of the plurality of crushers are injected into the fuel debris, and the impact force of each chisel of the plurality of crushers is applied to the fuel debris , and the respective chisels and nozzles are combined. The fuel debris is moved continuously or intermittently according to the shape and size, and the portion of the fuel debris sandwiched between the crushing devices is crushed as a unit.

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a crushing method and a crushing apparatus capable of controlling the shape and dimensions of a crushed piece after crushing an object to be crushed.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a crushing method and a crushing apparatus capable of efficiently recovering crushed pieces and effectively preventing scattering when crushing an object to be crushed.

Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the description of the following embodiments.

It is a figure which conceptually shows the crushing method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which conceptually shows the crushing method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which conceptually shows the crushing method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the crushing target. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of the crushing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the crushing method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the crushing method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, examples suitable for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description of overlapping portions will be omitted. Further, it goes without saying that the following is merely an example, and the content of the invention is not limited to the following aspects.

The crushing method and crushing apparatus of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a device configuration in which a nozzle and a chisel are separately arranged at two locations to crush a crushed object such as a solid substance. FIG. 2 is a schematic view in which a nozzle and a chisel are separately arranged at two locations and crushed to control the shape and size (dimensions) of the crushed piece. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, a plurality of crushing devices 1 provided with a nozzle 2 and a chisel 3 are installed, and crushing is performed while controlling the shape and size of the crushed piece 7. It is a feature.

Specifically, with respect to the crushing target 4, crushing devices 1 are installed at two locations at both ends of the size (dimension) to be crushed as shown in FIG. 1, and crushing is performed at two locations at both ends using the crushing device 1. Further, when controlling the shape of the crushed piece, each nozzle 2 and Chisel 3 are continuously moved (line movement) or intermittently (point movement) according to a desired shape, and the crushed piece is moved. Control the shape of. Then, by crushing the portion sandwiched between the crushing devices 1 as a unit, the crushed piece 4 can be processed into an arbitrary shape and size (dimension) as shown in FIG.

At this time, the water jet WJ may be continuously sprayed onto the crushing target 4, or may be jetted intermittently. Continuous or intermittent injection is performed according to the rigidity (hardness) and thickness of the crushed object 4 and the desired shape and size (dimensions) of the crushed piece 7.

Further, the water amount, water pressure, injection angle, and injection time of the water jet WJ to be sprayed on the crushing target 4 are also adjusted to the rigidity (hardness) and thickness of the crushing target 4 and the desired shape and size (dimensions) of the crushed piece 7. Set together.

By controlling the crushed pieces to an arbitrary shape and size (dimensions) in this way, it is possible to crush the crushed pieces in a shape and size that fits in the collection container, so it is easy to put the crushed pieces in the container and collect them. Become. In addition, the crushed pieces can be crushed to a certain shape and size (dimensions), and the crushed pieces can be easily processed and processed after being crushed.

The crushing method and the crushing apparatus of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which a nozzle, a chisel, a vacuum, and a shatterproof cover (recovery cover) 5 are arranged and crushed pieces are sucked in the recovery cover.

The crushing device of this embodiment has a shatterproof cover (aramid fiber or the like, a metal with an expansion / contraction mechanism, etc.) as shown in FIG. 3 for the purpose of collecting the crushed piece 7 while suppressing dust scattering (scattering of the crushed piece 7). A crushing device (nozzle 2 and chisel 3) and a vacuum 6 are installed inside, and crushed pieces are crushed while being sucked. FIG. 3 shows an aramid fiber cover as an example. As another example, the contact portion with the crushed object may be covered with, for example, a container to which a sponge is attached to serve as a cover. The water jet WJ may be sucked by the vacuum 6 in excess of the amount of water injected to prevent the cover from coming off due to the water inside the shatterproof cover 5.

In this way, the shatterproof cover (recovery cover) prevents crushed pieces from scattering and dust scattered around during crushing, and by providing a vacuum mechanism, the crushed pieces can be efficiently recovered. it can.

The crushing method and the crushing apparatus of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the flow path inclusion chisel containing the water jet flow path 8 inside the chisel 3 and the object to be crushed. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing how the crushed object is cracked due to the vertical vibration of the flow path inclusion chisel. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing how high-pressure water is injected into the cracks caused by the vertical vibration of the flow path inclusion chisel. Further, FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state in which the crushed object is blown off by the flow path inclusion chisel.

In the crushing method of this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 4, a flow path inclusion chisel (water jet flow path 8 and chisel 3) is arranged at a position where the crushing target 4 is desired to be crushed. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the chisel 3 causes the crushed object 4 to crack. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the water jet WJ is injected into the closed space formed by the chisel 3 and the crushing target 4 in close contact with each other, and the crushing target 4 is crushed as shown in FIG.

According to the crushing method of the present embodiment, the flow path inclusion chisel can efficiently crush a crushed object that cannot be crushed by the chisel alone or the water jet alone.

FIG. 8 is a modification of the flow path inclusion chisel shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. In the crushing method of the crushing target described above, it is also possible to use a crushing device in which the nozzle and the chisel shown in FIG. 8 are separately installed. That is, the crushing device may be composed of a combination of a single chisel and a single nozzle. In this case, first, the chisel 3 is arranged at the position where the crushing target 4 is desired to be crushed. Next, the chisel 3 causes the crushed object 4 to crack. Then, the water jet WJ is injected against the cracks generated in the crushing target 4, and the crushing target 4 is crushed. In this case as well, it is possible to efficiently crush the crushed object that cannot be crushed by the chisel alone or the water jet alone.

In the above description, the mechanism of cracking the crushing target 4 by the impact force of the chisel 3 and crushing the crushing target 4 by the jet of the water jet WJ has been described, but the crushing is performed by the jet of the water jet WJ. Similarly, the mechanism for crushing the crushing target 4 by the impact force of the chisel 3 at the place where the target 4 is cracked can efficiently crush the crushed target that cannot be crushed by the chisel alone or the water jet alone.

Further, even if the impact force of the chisel 3 is applied to the crushing target 4 and the jet of the water jet WJ is injected into the crushing target 4 at the same time, the effect of the present invention can be obtained in the same manner.

The crushing method and crushing apparatus of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9C. FIG. 9A is a perspective view showing an example in which a plurality of blade-shaped chisels are arranged to crush the crushed object. 9B is a view taken along the line AA'of FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view showing that the chisel 3 is a flow path inclusion chisel.

In each of the first to third embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the chisel is assumed to be circular or substantially circular, but as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the shape of the chisel is shown. It may be a knife type. By making the shape of the chisel 3 into a blade shape, the direction of crushing can be accurately controlled. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the water jet nozzle may be included in the chisel as a flow path inclusion chisel, or the blade type chisel 3 and the nozzle 2 may be installed separately.

The crushing method described in Example 3 will be described in steps with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 10 shows a method of cracking a crushed object with a chisel and then crushing with a water jet, and FIG. 11 shows a method of cracking a crushed object with a water jet and then crushing with a chisel.

In the crushing method according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, first, the impact force of the chisel is used to crack the crushed object. (Step S1)
Next, the water jet is continuously or intermittently injected by the nozzle to the crack to be crushed. (Step S2)
By repeating step S2 continuously or intermittently for a certain period of time, the crushed object is crushed. (Step S3)
Further, in the method of FIG. 11, first, a water jet by a nozzle is continuously or intermittently injected to crack the crushed object. (Step S1')
Next, an impact force is applied by the chisel to the crack to be crushed. (Step S2')
By repeating step S2'continuously or intermittently for a certain period of time, the crushed object is crushed. (Step S3')
According to each of the above-described embodiments, since the crushed pieces can be crushed into a shape and size (dimensions) that can fit in the recovery container, the crushed pieces after crushing can be easily collected, processed, and processed. In addition, since the crushed pieces can be collected while suppressing the scattering of crushed pieces and dust to the surroundings at the time of crushing, it is possible to prevent the spread of pollution due to the scattered dust.

The crushing method and crushing device described in each of the above embodiments are used for road construction, granite processing / crushing, crushing of fuel debris in a nuclear power plant, tunnel excavation work, ceramic processing, etc. Needless to say, it is also effective in the field of general industry that requires control.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the described configurations. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add / delete / replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

1 ... Crushing device, 2 ... Nozzle, 3 ... Chisel, 4 ... Crushing target, 5 ... Scattering prevention cover, 6 ... Vacuum, 7 ... Crushed pieces, 8 ... Channel, WJ ... Water jet.

Claims (8)

A crushing method that crushes fuel debris of a nuclear plant into a shape and size that can be recovered in a predetermined container.
A plurality of crushing devices including a chisel and a nozzle are arranged at desired positions with respect to the fuel debris.
The impact force of each chisel of the plurality of crushers is applied to the fuel debris , and the jets from the nozzles of the plurality of crushers are injected into the fuel debris.
A crushing method comprising moving each of the chisel and the nozzle continuously or intermittently according to the shape and size, and crushing the portion of the fuel debris sandwiched between the crushing devices as a unit. A crushing method that crushes fuel debris of a nuclear plant into a shape and size that can be recovered in a predetermined container.
A plurality of crushing devices including a chisel and a nozzle are arranged at desired positions with respect to the fuel debris.
Jets from the nozzles of the plurality of crushers are injected into the fuel debris, and the impact force of each chisel of the plurality of crushers is applied to the fuel debris.
A crushing method comprising moving each of the chisel and the nozzle continuously or intermittently according to the shape and size, and crushing the portion of the fuel debris sandwiched between the crushing devices as a unit. The crushing method according to claim 1 or 2.
Crushing method characterized by the addition of impact of the chisel of the each said fuel debris, that injects the jet from the nozzle of the each said fuel debris are processed simultaneously. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A crushing method, wherein the chisel is a flow path inclusion chisel in which a flow path through which the jet flows passes is provided inside the chisel. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The crushing device is a crushing method comprising a combination of a single chisel and a single nozzle. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
A crushing method characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the chisel is circular or substantially circular. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The chisel is a crushing method characterized by having a blade-shaped shape. The crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
The crushing device includes a cover that covers at least the crushed portion of the fuel debris, and a vacuum that sucks the crushed debris.
A crushing method characterized in that when the fuel debris is crushed, the crushed pieces are recovered by the vacuum while suppressing the scattering of the crushed pieces around the crushed pieces by the cover.

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