JP6865027B2 - Building surface structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a so-called relocated building, which is not a permanent building but is installed for a limited time and is demolished or removed after the period ends.

Building needs are classified into so-called permanent buildings, which are used permanently for an unlimited period of time, and temporary buildings, which are installed for a limited period of time. The main building is required to have durability for several years to several decades, and it is customary to construct it in a good-looking manner, although it is heavy and expensive, and there is a balance with the budget, without special consideration for demolition and removal. is there. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-232748 (Patent Document 1) describes a technique for bolting a base material to a trunk difference of a main building. According to Patent Document 1, a pair of through holes are drilled in the upper and lower flanges of the H-shaped steel which is the body difference, the bolts at both ends are inserted into the pair of through holes, and the bolts at both ends are the flanges of the body difference by the double nut. Firmly fix it. As a result, the base material to be connected to the bolts at both ends is permanently fixed to the trunk difference, and is suitably used for the main building.

On the other hand, the temporary building is lighter and cheaper than the main structure from the viewpoint of cost, carry-in assembly and dismantling / removal, and is not required to have a good appearance. This is because the temporary building will be used for a limited period of about six months to one year. Temporary buildings are often used repeatedly, but are often disposable.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-232748

In recent years, the needs of buildings have diversified, and despite being used for a limited period of about six months to one year, the demand for relocated buildings, which demand the weight and appearance of main buildings, is gradually increasing. It's coming.

Relocated buildings need to meet the requirement that they must be easy to assemble and dismantle and remove, like temporary buildings, and that they must be as heavy and aesthetically pleasing as permanent buildings. However, it is not easy to satisfy these two conflicting requirements at the same time. Furthermore, it is hoped that the requirement for reusability will be satisfied.

There was a circumstance that no particular research had been conducted on the technical improvement of relocated buildings. For example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is not suitable for a relocated building because both double nuts must be tightened one by one and it takes a certain amount of work time in terms of assembly and removal.

Further, since the technique described in Patent Document 1 targets a genuine body difference that is passed through the air, when the lower flange of the H-shaped steel is brought into surface contact with the top surface of the concrete, the bolts at both ends are made of the H-shaped steel. Difficult to pass through the lower flange. Further, even if it is a body difference, it is difficult to pass the bolts at both ends through the upper flange of the H-shaped steel when another steel frame is installed along the upper surface of the upper flange of the body difference.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure for improving the aesthetic appearance of a building surface, which can be suitably used for a relocated building and further can be used for a main building. ..

For this purpose, the surface structure of a building according to the present invention includes a main body extending in a predetermined cross-sectional shape, a steel frame having a plurality of plates provided at intervals in the main body, and fixed hardware that is detachably attached and fixed to the plates. , A base material supported by a fixed metal fitting and a surface member supported by the base material and covering a steel frame are provided. The fixed hardware has a first opening for receiving the edge of the plate, a first clip portion for holding the plate by pressing it in the thickness direction, a second opening for receiving the base material, and a second clip for holding the base material by pressing it. Has a part.

According to the present invention, the surface member hides the steel frame to improve the appearance of the outdoor side of the building, improve the aesthetic appearance of the building, and give a profound impression to the viewer. Also, the fixed hardware is easily separated from the steel frame, facilitating the demolition of the building. The main body of the steel frame is a shaped steel, for example, an H-shaped steel or a channel steel. The present invention is convenient when it is difficult to provide a fixed metal fitting on the steel frame main body. Fixing hardware may be attached to the edges of the plate to facilitate assembly and disassembly work. The present invention is suitably adopted for relocated buildings. The relocated building may be rebuilt in another location after being demolished or removed. Even in this case, the present invention can be used repeatedly.

Further, the fixing hardware of the present invention has a first opening for receiving the edge of the plate, a first clip portion for holding the plate by sandwiching it in the thickness direction, a second opening for receiving the base material, and holding the base material by pressing it. It has a second clip portion to be used. According to the present invention , the fixing hardware and the base material can be easily attached to the plate in a short time. As a reference example , a structure such as a combination of a hook and a notch may be used to hook and fix the fixing hardware on the plate.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed metal fitting has an S shape. According to such an embodiment, even if the surface member receives an external force from the outdoor side, it is supported by the steel plate and does not cause undesired deformation. As another embodiment, the fixed hardware may have a different shape such as a C shape.

As a more preferable embodiment of the present invention, the main body portion of the steel frame is H-shaped steel or channel steel, and the steel frame plate is welded and fixed between a pair of flanges of the main body portion. According to this embodiment, even when it is difficult to attach the fixing hardware to the flange of the H-shaped steel because the flange of the H-shaped steel is attached to another member, the base material is attached to the steel frame. Can be done. In another embodiment, the main body of the steel frame may be channel steel.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the steel frame is the foundation of the relocated building and extends horizontally, the plate extends vertically, the fixing hardware is attached to the upper and lower parts of the plate, respectively, and the base material is the plate. It is a crosspiece that extends along the edge. According to such an embodiment, a base material having a sufficient length can be attached along the plate. As another embodiment, a base material may be erected between two adjacent plates. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the steel frame may be a girder or a column.

As one embodiment of the present invention, the surface member may be a curtain plate such as a decorative plate, an artificial plant, a net, or a combination thereof. May be good. This will further improve the aesthetics of the outdoor side of the building.

As described above, according to the present invention, the relocation building can be easily assembled, disassembled and removed. In addition, the appearance of the relocated building can be improved.

It is a perspective view which shows the surface structure of the building which becomes one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view showing a fixed metal fitting attached to a steel frame and a crosspiece. It is an exploded perspective view corresponding to FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing a fixed metal fitting attached to a steel frame. It is a top view which shows the fixed metal fittings.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a surface structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the steel frame, the hardware, and the crosspiece in FIG. First, to explain the outline of the building, a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped precast concrete foundations 11 are arranged in a row on the ground. The upper surface 12 of each precast concrete foundation 11 constitutes a continuous flat top surface.

A steel frame foundation 13 is placed on the upper surface 12. The steel frame foundation 13 is H-shaped steel, and has a pair of upper and lower flanges 14 and 15, a web 16 connecting these flanges, and a plurality of plates 17 fixed at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the steel frame foundation 13. Have. The flanges 14, 15 and the web 16 are main bodies having an H-shaped cross section and extending in the horizontal direction. The steel frame foundation 13 secures the stability of the building by the weight of the main body. The main body of the steel frame has the same cross-sectional shape regardless of the position of the steel frame in the longitudinal direction. The steel frame foundations 13 are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction. The ends of adjacent steel foundations are connected by plates 23 and bolts 24. The web 16 is appropriately provided with a vent 16h that penetrates from the outdoor side to the indoor side.

The plate 17 is a substantially rectangular iron plate extending in the vertical direction between the pair of flanges 14 and 15. Each edge of the plate 17 is welded to the flanges 14, 15 and the web 16. The fixing hardware 18 is detachably attached and fixed to the outer edge of the plate 17 which is not welded to the main body of the steel frame foundation 13. In the present embodiment, two fixing hardware 18 are attached to one plate 17 at intervals in the vertical direction. These upper and lower pairs of fixed hardware 18, 18 support one common crosspiece 19.

In the present embodiment, the crosspiece 19 is attached and fixed to the edge of each plate 17 via the fixing hardware 18. Therefore, the crosspieces 19 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the steel frame foundation 13. Each crosspiece 19 is a square pillar crosspiece extending in the vertical direction. A curtain plate 21 is fixed to the crosspiece 19. The curtain plate 21 becomes a surface member of the building and covers the steel frame foundation 13 from the outdoor side of the building. On the other hand, the crosspiece 19 serves as a base material for supporting the curtain plate 21. The curtain plate 21 extends along the steel frame foundation 13, and two adjacent base materials firmly support both ends of the curtain plate 21. For the curtain board 21, a wooden board with a beautiful grain, a slatted board, a yakisugi that gives an old-fashioned and refreshing impression to the viewer, a decorative board suitable for the purpose of the relocated building, and the like are used.

As shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the crosspiece 19 may extend from the upper flange 14 to the lower flange 15. Alternatively, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 1, the distance between the flanges 14 and 15 may be shorter. A precast concrete berm 22 is installed below the crosspiece 19 indicated by the broken line. The berm 22 is installed so as to overlap the lower flange 15, and is used for the exterior of the building. The curtain plate 21 shown by a virtual line is also fixed to the crosspiece 19 shown by a solid line in FIG.

The curtain plate 21 has the same width as the distance from the upper flange 14 to the berm 22 as shown by the solid line. Alternatively, the curtain plate 21 of the modified example (not shown) may have the same width as the distance from the upper flange 14 to the lower flange 15, and the lower edge of the curtain plate 21 and the precast concrete foundation 11 may be the exterior of the building. It may be filled with gravel (not shown).

As shown on the left side of FIG. 1, the crosspiece 19 has the same length as the distance from the upper flange 14 to the berm 22. Alternatively, the crosspiece 19 has the same length as the distance from the upper flange 14 to the lower flange 15 as shown on the right side of FIG. Each fixed metal fitting 18 supports an upper end portion and a lower end portion of the crosspiece 19, respectively.

The curtain plate 21 and the berm 22 cover the steel frame foundation 13 and the precast concrete foundation 11 in the exterior of the building, and exhibit a visual profoundness and good appearance.

Columns 25 are erected on the upper flange 14 of the steel frame foundation 13 at predetermined intervals. In the present embodiment, the column 25 is arranged directly above the plate 17 so as to correspond to each plate 17.

An outer wall 26 is attached and fixed between adjacent small pillars 25. A sighting 27 is outerly attached to the lower edge of the outer wall 26, the flange 14, and the upper edge of the curtain plate 21. The sighting 27 is a decorative board extending along the steel frame foundation 13, and is made of metal, for example, and has the same weather resistance as the outer wall 26. The sighting 27 not only covers the flange 14, but also overlaps with the outer wall 26 and the curtain plate 21 to cover the gap between the two members and improve the aesthetic appearance of the lower part of the building.

This embodiment is a relocation building, and a general-purpose precast concrete foundation 11 and a steel frame foundation 13 are simply placed. However, as described above, due to the action of the curtain plate 21, it exhibits a visual profoundness and good appearance as compared with the temporary building. The allocation of the berm 22, the sighting 27, the pillar 25, and the outer wall 26 is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, the fixed hardware 18 and the crosspiece 19 will be described in detail.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view corresponding to FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing a fixed metal fitting attached to the steel frame foundation in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the fixed hardware. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixing hardware 18 receives a first opening 18b for receiving the plate 17, a first clip portion (plates 18a, 18d, 18e) for sandwiching and holding the plate 17 in the thickness direction, and a crosspiece 19. It has a second opening 18c and a second clip portion (plates 18g, 18f, 18e) for sandwiching and holding the crosspiece 19. As shown in FIG. 5, the fixed metal fitting 18 has an S shape. The first opening 18b points to one side and the second opening 18c points to the other side.

The first clip portion is formed in an inverted U shape on the left and right, and joins the end plates 18a and the central plate 18e facing each other and the ends of the plates 18a and 18e located on the opposite sides of the first opening 18b. The plate 17 is sandwiched in the thickness direction by two plates 18a and 18e including the intermediate plate 18d and facing each other. The plate 18a on the end side of the first clip portion is slightly bent and formed in a U-shape. Specifically, the central portion of the plate 18a is bent so as to be closest to the plate 18e, and the tip portion 18a'of the plate 18a is inclined so as to move away from the plate 18e as the distance from the bent portion is increased. The root portion of the plate 18a is inclined so as to move away from the plate 18e as it approaches the plate 18d. This increases the pinching pressure of the first clip portion. Further, the U-shaped bent portion of the plate 18a is arranged at a location far from the plate 18d and near the tip of the plate 18a. As a result, the portion where the first clip portion presses the plate 17 with the maximum pressure is deepened from the edge of the plate 17.

The fixed metal fitting 18 is easily attached to the steel frame foundation 13 by inserting the fixed metal fitting 18 into the plate 17 in a predetermined direction, that is, by receiving the plate 17 by the first opening 18b. On the contrary, by pulling the fixed metal fitting 18 in the direction opposite to the insertion direction, the fixed metal fitting 18 can be easily separated from the steel frame foundation 13.

The second clip portion is formed in a U shape and includes two plates 18g facing each other, including an end plate 18g and a central plate 18e facing each other, and an intermediate plate 18f connecting the ends of these plates to each other. The crosspiece 19 is clamped by 18e. The cross section 19 is a bar having a square or rectangular cross section, and has a cross-sectional dimension corresponding to the distance between the two plates 18g and 18e of the second clip portion.

A small hole 18h is formed in the plate 18g on the end side of the second clip portion. By fitting the crosspiece 19 into the second opening 18c, passing a nail through the small hole 18h, and striking the nail against the crosspiece 19, the fixed metal fitting 18 is firmly connected to the crosspiece 19.

The plate 18e at the center of the fixed metal fitting 18 faces the plates 18a and 18g on the end side in parallel, and also serves as the first clip portion and the second clip portion. The distance between the plates 18g and 18e is made larger than the distance between the plates 18a and 18e.

By the way, according to the present embodiment, the steel frame foundation 13 has flanges 14, 15 and webs 16 as main body portions extending in a predetermined H cross-sectional shape, and a plurality of plates 17 provided at intervals in the main body portion. A fixing metal fitting 18 is detachably attached and fixed to the edge of the plate 17. The crosspiece 19 as a base material is supported by the fixed hardware 18. The curtain plate 21 as a surface member is supported by the crosspiece 19 and covers the steel frame foundation 13. As a result, the curtain plate 21 hides the steel frame foundation 13 to improve the appearance of the outdoor side of the building, improve the aesthetic appearance of the building, and give a profound impression to the viewer. Further, the fixed metal fitting 18 is easily separated from the steel frame foundation 13 to facilitate the dismantling of the building. Further, according to this embodiment, it is convenient when it is difficult to provide the fixed metal fitting 18 on the steel frame main body portion. This embodiment is suitably adopted for a relocated building.

Further, the fixing hardware 18 of the present embodiment includes a first opening 18b for receiving the edge of the plate 17, plates 18a and 18e as first clip portions for holding the plate 17 by sandwiching it in the thickness direction of the plate 17, and a crosspiece 19. It has a second opening 18c for receiving the crosspiece 19 and 18g and 18e as a second clip portion for sandwiching and holding the crosspiece 19. As a result, the fixing hardware 18 and the crosspiece 19 can be easily attached to the plate 17 in a short time.

Further, since the fixed metal fitting 18 of the present embodiment has an S-shape as shown in FIG. 5, even if the curtain plate 21 receives an external force or earth pressure of the external structure, it is supported by the plate 17 of the steel frame foundation 13. Does not cause undesired deformation.

The main body of the steel frame foundation 13 of the present embodiment is H-shaped steel, and the plate 17 is welded and fixed between the pair of flanges 14 and 15 of the main body. As a result, the small pillar 25 is erected on the outer surface (upper surface) of the flange 14, and the outer surface (lower surface) of the flange 15 comes into surface contact with the precast concrete foundation 11, making it difficult to attach the fixing hardware to the flanges 14 and 15. Even in such a case, the base material can be attached to the steel frame foundation 13.

Further, the steel frame foundation 13 of the present embodiment is included in the foundation of the building and extends in the horizontal direction, the plate 17 is in a posture of spreading in the vertical direction, and the fixing hardware 18 is attached to the upper part and the lower part of the plate 17, respectively, and the crosspiece 19 Extends along the edge of the plate 17. As a result, a crosspiece 19 having a sufficient length can be attached along the plate 17.

Further, the curtain plate 21 of the present embodiment may be an artificial plant (not shown), a net (not shown), or a combination thereof. Artificial plants, for example, give the viewer a fresh and lively impression. This will further improve the aesthetics of the outdoor side of the building.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and modifications can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same range as the present invention or within the same range.

As a modification (not shown), the main body of the steel frame foundation 13 may be channel steel. Further, the steel frame to which the fixed hardware 18 is attached is not limited to the foundation of the building, and may be attached to the second floor or higher of the building. The plates 17 are provided on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the steel frame foundation 13, respectively. Further, the fixing hardware 18 and the crosspiece 19 may be attached to the plate on the indoor side.

The surface structure of the building according to the present invention is advantageously used in construction.

11 Precast concrete foundation, 13 Steel foundation,
14,15 flanges, 16 webs, 17 plates,
18 Fixed hardware, 18b 1st opening, 18c 2nd opening,
19 crosspiece (base material), 21 curtain plate (surface member), 22 berm,
25 pillars, 26 outer walls, 27 sightings.

Claims (5)

A steel frame having a main body extending in a predetermined cross-sectional shape and a plurality of plates provided at intervals between the main bodies, and a steel frame.
Fixing hardware that is detachably attached and fixed to the plate,
The base material supported by the fixed hardware and
A surface member supported by the base material and covering the steel frame is provided .
The fixed metal fitting has a first opening for receiving the edge of the plate and the thickness direction of the plate.
A first clip portion that is sandwiched and held by the base material, a second opening that receives the base material, and the base material.
A surface structure of a building having a second clip portion that clamps and holds the material. The fixing hardware is S-shaped, the surface structure of building according to claim 1. The surface structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the main body portion of the steel frame is H-shaped steel or channel steel, and the steel frame plate is welded and fixed between a pair of flanges of the main body portion. The steel frame is the foundation of the relocated building and extends horizontally.
The plate is arranged to spread in the vertical direction.
The fixing hardware is attached to the upper part and the lower part of the plate, respectively.
The surface structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the base material is a crosspiece extending along the edge of the plate. The surface structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the surface member is a curtain plate, an artificial plant, a net, or a combination thereof.

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