JP6850752B2 - Work machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a working machine.

Conventionally, a work machine includes an engine, an electrical component, and an engine chamber for accommodating the engine and the electrical component (for example, Patent Document 1). By the way, when the engine is stopped, the cooling fan that rotates due to the driving force of the engine also stops, so heat retention occurs due to heat dissipation from the engine inside the engine chamber, and the electrical components may generate heat due to the effect of the heat retention. .. As a result, for example, the performance of the electrical component may deteriorate or the electrical component may be damaged.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-169439

The challenge is to provide a work machine that can effectively cool the electrical components.

The work machine accommodates a vapor riser that vaporizes liquefied gas, an electrical component that generates heat, and the vapor riser and the electrical component in order to supply fuel gas to the engine, and has a first opening and a second opening. The engine chamber is provided, and the electrical components are arranged so as to face the vapor riser.

Further, the work machine is provided with a blower that generates an air flow from the first opening to the second opening, and the electrical components are arranged on the downstream side of the air flow with respect to the vapor riser. Good.

Further, the work machine may include an engine housed in the engine chamber, and the electrical components may be connected to the engine.

Further, the work machine may be configured to include a blower control unit that controls the amount of blown air of the blower based on the temperature inside the engine chamber.

Further, the work machine may be configured to include a heating medium control unit that controls the amount of the heating medium supplied to the vapor riser in order to vaporize the liquefied gas based on the temperature inside the engine chamber.

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the work machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the engine interior of the work machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear view of the engine interior of the work machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a fuel system diagram of the work machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of the work machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a hydraulic oil system diagram of the work machine according to the same embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cooling water system diagram of the working machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a control flow diagram of the work machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between each measured temperature and each cooling water amount according to the same embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cooling water system diagram of a working machine according to another embodiment.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the work machine will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. In each drawing, the dimensional ratio of the drawings and the actual dimensional ratio do not always match, and the dimensional ratios between the drawings do not necessarily match.

As shown in FIG. 1, the work machine 1 includes a lower traveling body 1a, a working machine 1b, and an upper swivel body 1c. In the present embodiment, the work machine 1 is a self-propelled work vehicle, specifically, a backhoe. The work machine 1 may be another work vehicle such as a wheel loader, or may be a work machine that cannot run on its own.

The lower traveling body 1a receives power from the engine 3 housed in the engine chamber 2 and drives the lower traveling body 1a to drive the work machine 1. The lower traveling body 1a includes a pair of left and right crawlers 1d and 1d and a pair of left and right traveling motors 1e and 1e. The left and right traveling motors 1e and 1e, which are hydraulic motors, drive the left and right crawlers 1d and 1d, respectively, to enable the work machine 1 to move forward and backward. Further, the lower traveling body 1a includes a blade 1f and a cylinder 1g for rotating the blade 1f in the vertical direction.

The work machine 1b is driven by receiving power from the engine 3 to perform excavation work such as earth and sand. The work machine 1b includes a boom 1h, an arm 1i, and a bucket 1j, which are rotatably connected to each other. The work machine 1b independently drives the boom 1h, the arm 1i, and the bucket 1j by independently moving a plurality of telescopic cylinders 1k.

The upper swivel body 1c includes a control unit 1 m, a swivel base 1n, and a swivel motor 1p. The swivel motor 1p, which is a hydraulic motor, swivels the upper swivel body 1c with respect to the lower traveling body 1a by driving the swivel table 1n. Further, the upper swing body 1c includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps 4 driven by the engine 3 inside the engine chamber 2. The hydraulic pump 4 supplies hydraulic oil to, for example, the hydraulic motors 1e and 1p and the cylinders 1g and 1k.

The control unit 1m includes a driver's seat 1q and an operation unit 1r arranged around the driver's seat 1q. The operator sits on the driver's seat 1q and operates the operation unit 1r or the like to control the engine 3, the hydraulic pump 4, each hydraulic motor 1e, 1p, each cylinder 1g, 1k, etc. Work etc. can be performed.

Next, the internal arrangement of the engine chamber 2 and the fuel system will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the work machine 1 supplies the fuel tank 5 for storing the liquefied gas, the fuel pipe 6 for deriving the liquefied gas from the fuel tank 5, and the fuel gas to the engine 3. It is provided with a vapor riser 7 that vaporizes the liquefied gas. Further, the work machine 1 includes a three-way catalyst 8 for treating the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 3 and a tail pipe 9 for discharging the treated exhaust gas to the outside of the engine chamber 2.

The fuel pipe 6 connects the fuel tank 5 and the vapor riser 7. The vapor riser 7 vaporizes the liquefied gas and converts it into a fuel gas by heating the liquefied gas flowing inside with the gas (air) flowing outside. The engine 3 generates a driving force by burning the vaporized fuel gas. Specifically, the engine 3 rotates the drive shaft 3a.

The three-way catalyst 8 simultaneously purifies three types of harmful components (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides) contained in the exhaust gas by reduction and oxidation when the exhaust gas flows through the inside. The tail pipe 9 is arranged inside and outside the engine chamber 2, and the exhaust gas treated by the three-way catalyst 8 circulates inside to discharge the exhaust gas to the outside of the engine chamber 2.

The engine chamber 2 houses a part of a fuel tank 5, a fuel pipe 6, a vapor riser 7, a three-way catalyst 8, and a tail pipe 9 inside. The engine chamber 2 includes a first opening 2a and a second opening 2b.

The work machine 1 includes a blower 10 that generates an air flow from the first opening 2a to the second opening 2b. The blower 10 is housed inside the engine chamber 2. As a result, low-temperature air (outside air) is supplied from the first opening 2a, and high-temperature air is exhausted from the second opening 2b. In the present embodiment, the blower 10 is a fan, and includes a fan motor 10a and a propeller 10b. The blower 10 may be a blower.

The work machine 1 has a water heat exchanger 11 for cooling the cooling water flowing inside the engine 3 for cooling the engine 3, an oil heat exchanger 12 for cooling the hydraulic oil, and an operation for storing the hydraulic oil. It includes an oil tank 13 and an electrical component 14 that generates heat. The water heat exchanger 11, the oil heat exchanger 12, the hydraulic oil tank 13, and the electrical component 14 are housed inside the engine chamber 2.

The water heat exchanger 11 cools the cooling water by exchanging heat with the air circulating outside. The water heat exchanger 11 is also called a radiator. The oil heat exchanger 12 cools the hydraulic oil generated by the decompression of the hydraulic oil, the stirring resistance, etc. by exchanging heat with the air flowing outside the hydraulic oil flowing inside. The oil heat exchanger 12 is also called an oil cooler.

The electrical component 14 is, for example, a generator that generates electricity from the rotational driving force of the engine 3. The electrical component 14 is connected to the engine 3. As a result, the heat generated by the engine 3, which is the first heat source body, is transferred to the electrical component 14.

By the way, since the vapor riser 7 absorbs the heat of vaporization from the air flowing outside, the air is cooled when passing through the vapor riser 7. Therefore, the electrical component 14 is arranged on the downstream side of the vapor riser 7. Further, the electrical component 14 is arranged adjacent to the vapor riser 7.

Specifically, no other device is interposed between the vapor riser 7 and the electrical component 14, and the electrical component 14 is arranged so as to have only a space and face the vapor riser 7. ing. As a result, the air is cooled by the vapor riser 7 and then passes through the electrical component 14 without being heated by other equipment. Therefore, the electrical component 14 can be effectively cooled. The distance between the vapor riser 7 and the electrical component 14 is not particularly limited.

In the present embodiment, from the first opening 2a to the second opening 2b, the water heat exchanger 11, the oil heat exchanger 12, the blower 10, the vapor riser 7, the electrical component 14, the engine 3, and the three-way catalyst 8 They are arranged in order. Since the blower 10 generates an air flow from the first opening 2a to the second opening 2b, the air is the water heat exchanger 11, the oil heat exchanger 12, the blower 10, the vapor riser 7, and the electrical component 14. , The engine 3, and the three-way catalyst 8 pass in this order.

Next, the control of the blower 10 and the hydraulic oil system will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

As shown in FIG. 5, the work machine 1 includes a first temperature measuring unit 15 for measuring the temperature of the electrical component 14 (for example, the temperature of the outer surface of the electrical component 14, the temperature around the electrical component 14), the engine 3, and the engine 3. It is provided with a control device 16 for controlling the hydraulic pump 4 and the like. The control device 16 includes a storage unit 16a for storing information, a calculation unit 16b for calculating based on the input information and the information of the storage unit 16a, and a blower control unit 16c for controlling the blower 10. The control device 16 is, for example, an electronic control unit.

The blower control unit 16c controls the blower amount of the blower 10 based on the temperature inside the engine chamber 2. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the ventilation control unit 16c outputs the output of the engine 3 and the output of the hydraulic pump 4 based on the temperature of the electrical component 14 measured by the first temperature measuring unit 15. By controlling, the rotation speed of the fan motor 10a, which is a hydraulic motor, is controlled. The hydraulic pump 4 is a variable displacement pump whose discharge amount of hydraulic oil can be changed. For example, the output can be controlled by changing the inclination angle of the movable swash plate.

As a result, when the temperature of the electrical component 14 is high, the amount of air blown is large, and when the temperature of the electrical component 14 is low, the amount of air blown is small. As a result, the temperature of the electrical component 14 can be adjusted appropriately. Further, for example, it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of air blown, so that energy loss can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 6, the hydraulic oil is supplied to each device including the fan motor 10a by the hydraulic pump 4, cooled by the oil heat exchanger 12, and then returned to the hydraulic oil tank 13.

Next, the cooling water system will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 7.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the work machine 1 includes a cooling water pump 19 that supplies cooling water to the engine 3. The work machine 1 has a cooling water valve 20 capable of adjusting the flow rate of cooling water supplied from the engine 3 toward the water heat exchanger 11, and a flow rate of cooling water supplied from the engine 3 toward the vapor riser 7 as a heating medium. The heating medium valve 21 is provided. The cooling water valve 20 is a three-way valve that switches between a state in which cooling water is supplied to the water heat exchanger 11 and a state in which the cooling water is returned to the cooling water pump 19 (a state in which the engine 3 circulates). It is a flow control valve that can adjust.

The work machine 1 includes a second temperature measuring unit 17 that measures the temperature inside the engine chamber 2, and a third temperature measuring unit 18 that measures the temperature of the cooling water. For example, the second temperature measuring unit 17 may measure the temperature of the air slightly upstream of the vapor riser 7. For example, the third temperature measuring unit 18 may measure the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the engine 3.

The control device 16 includes a cooling water control unit 16d that controls the amount of cooling water supplied to the water heat exchanger 11, and a heating medium control unit 16e that controls the amount of the heating medium (cooling water) supplied to the vapor riser 7. It has. The cooling water control unit 16d controls the amount of cooling water supplied to the water heat exchanger 11 based on the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 and the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18. .. The heating medium control unit 16e controls the amount of the heating medium (cooling water) supplied to the vapor riser 7 based on the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17.

Here, the details of the control of the cooling water will be described with reference to FIG.

The second and third temperature measuring units 17 and 18 measure the temperature, respectively (S1). When the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 is lower than the first set temperature (“Y” in S2), the valve opening degree of the heating medium valve 21 becomes a large opening degree (S3), and conversely. When the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 is equal to or higher than the first set temperature (“N” in S2), the valve opening degree of the heating medium valve 21 becomes smaller than that (“N” in S2). S4).

Therefore, when the temperature inside the engine chamber 2 is low (“Y” in S2), the amount of heating medium (cooling water flow rate) supplied to the vapor riser 7 is large, and the temperature inside the engine chamber 2 is high. At (“N” in S2), the amount of heating medium (cooling water flow rate) supplied to the vapor riser 7 becomes small. As a result, an appropriate amount of heating can be supplied to the vapor riser 7, so that the amount of vaporization of the liquefied gas can be adjusted appropriately.

When the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is larger than the second set temperature (“Y” in S5), the cooling water valve 20 uses the cooling water from the engine 3 as the water heat exchanger 11. (S6). On the contrary, when the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is equal to or lower than the second set temperature (“N” in S5), the cooling water valve 20 pumps the cooling water from the engine 3 to the cooling water pump 19. (S7), that is, the engine 3 circulates.

Therefore, when the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is equal to or lower than the second set temperature (“N” in S5), the cooling water is not cooled by the water heat exchanger 11 and is not cooled by the water heat exchanger 11. It circulates inside. Thereby, for example, when the engine 3 is cold (cold state), the engine 3 can be raised to the required temperature.

Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the flow rates of the respective cooling waters supplied to the vapor riser 7 and the water heat exchanger 11 are as follows.

In the first case, that is, when the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 is lower than the first set temperature (“Y” in S2), and the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is When the temperature is higher than the second set temperature (“Y” in S5), the cooling water flow rate (heating medium flow rate) to the vapor riser 7 is Q1, and the cooling water flow rate to the water heat exchanger 11 is Q2. Become.

In the second case, that is, when the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 is equal to or higher than the first set temperature (“N” in S2), and the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is When the temperature is higher than the second set temperature (“Y” in S5), the cooling water flow rate (heating medium flow rate) to the vapor riser 7 becomes Q3 (<Q1), and the cooling water flow rate to the water heat exchanger 11 Is Q4 (> Q2).

In the third case, that is, when the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 is lower than the first set temperature (“Y” in S2), and the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is When the temperature is equal to or lower than the second set temperature (“N” in S5), the cooling water flow rate (heating medium flow rate) to the vapor riser 7 is Q1, and the cooling water flow rate to the water heat exchanger 11 is zero. Become.

In the fourth case, that is, when the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring unit 17 is equal to or higher than the first set temperature (“N” in S2), and the temperature measured by the third temperature measuring unit 18 is When the temperature is equal to or lower than the second set temperature (“N” in S5), the cooling water flow rate (heating medium flow rate) to the vapor riser 7 becomes Q3 (<Q1), and the cooling water flow rate to the water heat exchanger 11 Is zero.

Based on the above, the work machine 1 according to the present embodiment includes a vapor riser 7 that vaporizes liquefied gas, an electrical component 14 that generates heat, a vapor riser 7, and the electrical component 14 in order to supply fuel gas to the engine 3. The engine chamber 2 has a first opening 2a and a second opening 2b, and the electrical component 14 is arranged so as to face the vapor riser 7.

According to such a configuration, the vapor riser 7 absorbs the heat of vaporization from the air, so that the air is cooled as it passes through the vapor riser 7. Since no other device is interposed between the vapor riser 7 and the electrical component 14, the air cooled by the vapor riser 7 passes through the electrical component 14 without being heated. As a result, the electrical component 14 can be effectively cooled.

Further, the work machine 1 according to the present embodiment includes a blower 10 that generates an air flow from the first opening 2a toward the second opening 2b, and the electrical component 14 has the air flow more than the vapor riser 7. It is configured to be located on the downstream side of.

According to such a configuration, since the electrical component 14 is arranged on the downstream side of the vapor riser 7, the air passes through the electrical component 14 after being cooled by the vapor riser 7. Thereby, the electrical component 14 can be cooled more effectively.

Further, the work machine 1 according to the present embodiment includes an engine 3 housed in the engine chamber 2, and the electrical component 14 is connected to the engine 3.

According to such a configuration, the heat generated by the engine 3, which is the first heat source body, is transferred to the electrical component 14, so that the temperature of the electrical component 14 tends to rise. However, the air passes through the electrical component 14 after being cooled by the vapor riser 7. As a result, the electrical component 14 can be effectively cooled.

Further, the work machine 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with a blower control unit 16c that controls the amount of blown air of the blower 10 based on the temperature inside the engine chamber 2.

According to such a configuration, when the temperature inside the engine chamber 2 is high, the amount of air blown becomes large, and when the temperature inside the engine chamber 2 is low, the amount of air blown becomes small. As a result, each device inside the engine chamber 2 can be efficiently cooled.

Further, the work machine 1 according to the present embodiment is a heating medium control unit that controls the amount of a heating medium supplied to the vaporizer 7 in order to vaporize the liquefied gas based on the temperature inside the engine chamber 2. It is configured to include 16e.

According to such a configuration, when the temperature inside the engine chamber 2 is high, the amount of the heating medium supplied to the vapor riser 7 is small, and when the temperature inside the engine chamber 2 is low, the vapor riser is used. The amount of the heating medium supplied to 7 becomes large. As a result, the amount of vaporization of the liquefied gas can be adjusted appropriately.

The work machine 1 is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and is not limited to the above-mentioned action and effect. In addition, it goes without saying that the work machine 1 can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, it goes without saying that one or a plurality of configurations and methods according to the following various modification examples may be arbitrarily selected and adopted for the configurations and methods according to the above-described embodiment.

(1) In the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment, the blower control unit 16c controls the blower amount of the blower 10 by controlling the output of the engine 3 and the output of the hydraulic pump 4. is there. However, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the blower 10 directly transmits the drive of the engine 3 by a belt or the like, and the blower control unit 16c controls the blower amount of the blower 10 by controlling the output of the engine 3. It may be.

Further, for example, the blower control unit 16c may be configured to be mechanically controlled, for example, a fan clutch, instead of being electrically controlled. As the fan clutch, not only a fan clutch that can control only on / off, but also a fan clutch that can control the degree of rotation connection in a plurality of stages according to the ambient temperature can be adopted.

(2) Further, in the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment, the blower control unit 16c controls the blower amount of the blower 10 based on the temperature of the electrical component 14. However, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the blower control unit 16c may be configured to control the amount of air blown by the blower 10 based on the temperature of the air passing through the second opening 2b. Further, for example, the blower control unit 16c may be configured to control the blower amount of the blower 10 based on the temperature at a predetermined position inside the engine chamber 2.

(3) Further, in the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment, the cooling water control unit 16d and the heating medium control unit 16e are electrically controlled. However, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the cooling water control unit 22 and the heating medium control unit 23 may be mechanically controlled, for example, a thermostat. As the thermostat, not only a thermostat that can control only fully closed and fully open, but also a thermostat that can control the opening degree in a plurality of stages according to the cooling water temperature can be adopted.

(4) Further, the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment is provided with a blower 10. However, although such a configuration is preferable, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the work machine 1 is not provided with the blower 10, and by traveling or turning the upper swivel body 1c, the work machine 1 is directed from the first opening 2a to the second opening 2b (or the second opening 2b). It may be configured to generate an air flow (toward the first opening 2a).

(5) Further, the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment has a configuration in which the amount of air blown by the blower 10 is controlled based on the temperature inside the engine chamber 2. However, although such a configuration is preferable, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the work machine 1 may be configured to maintain a constant amount of air blown by the blower 10 regardless of the temperature inside the engine chamber 2.

(6) Further, the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment has a configuration in which the amount of the heating medium supplied to the vapor riser 7 is controlled based on the temperature inside the engine chamber 2. However, although such a configuration is preferable, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the work machine 1 may be configured to maintain a constant amount of the heating medium supplied to the vapor riser 7 regardless of the temperature inside the engine chamber 2.

(7) Further, in the work machine 1 according to the above embodiment, the electrical component 14 arranged so as to face the vapor riser 7 is a generator. However, the work machine 1 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the electrical component arranged so as to face the vapor riser 7 may be any electrical component that generates heat, and may be, for example, a control device 16 or a temperature measuring device 15, 17, 18.

1 ... Working machine, 1a ... Lower traveling body, 1b ... Working machine, 1c ... Upper rotating body, 1d ... Crawler, 1e ... Traveling motor, 1f ... Blade, 1g ... Cylinder, 1h ... Boom, 1i ... Arm, 1j ... Bucket , 1k ... cylinder, 1m ... control unit, 1n ... swivel table, 1p ... swivel motor, 1q ... driver's seat, 1r ... operation unit, 2 ... engine room, 2a ... first opening, 2b ... second opening, 3 ... engine 3, 3a ... drive shaft, 4 ... hydraulic pump, 5 ... fuel tank, 6 ... fuel piping, 7 ... vapor riser, 8 ... ternary catalyst, 9 ... tail pipe, 10 ... blower, 10a ... fan motor, 10b ... propeller, 11 ... water heat exchanger, 12 ... oil heat exchanger, 13 ... hydraulic oil tank, 14 ... electrical components, 15 ... first temperature measuring unit, 16 ... control device, 16a ... storage unit, 16b ... arithmetic unit, 16c ... Blower control unit, 16d ... Cooling water control unit, 16e ... Heating medium control unit, 17 ... Second temperature measurement unit, 18 ... Third temperature measurement unit, 19 ... Cooling water pump, 20 ... Cooling water valve, 21 ... Heating medium Valve, 22 ... Cooling water control unit, 23 ... Heating medium control unit

Claims (5)

A vaporizer that vaporizes liquefied gas to supply fuel gas to the engine,
Electrical components that generate heat and
An engine chamber that houses the vapor riser and the electrical components and has a first opening and a second opening.
A blower that generates an air flow from the first opening to the second opening is provided.
With
The electrical components are arranged so as to face the vapor riser and are arranged on the downstream side in the air flow with respect to the vapor riser.
A work machine in which the blower, the vapor riser, and the electrical components are arranged in this order from the first opening to the second opening. Equipped with an engine housed in the engine chamber
The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the electrical component is connected to the engine. The work machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrical components are arranged so as to face each other with only a space having space with the vapor riser. The work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a blower control unit that controls the amount of blown air of the blower based on the temperature inside the engine chamber. The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a heating medium control unit that controls the amount of a heating medium supplied to the vapor riser to vaporize the liquefied gas based on the temperature inside the engine chamber. The work machine described.

Images