JP6842721B2 - 3-axis dynamic tester - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a 3-axis dynamic tester for performing a full-scale dynamic experiment of a large structural member.

The lower structural members of huge buildings such as skyscrapers are subject to horizontal and vertical forces due to the weight of the building and earthquakes, and if they are destroyed, the building may collapse.
With the enormous construction, these structural members are becoming larger and stronger, and it is common to assume a maximum compressive force of about 6000 tons and a tensile force of about 5000 tons in the vertical direction. It is adopted in consideration of the force in two horizontal directions at the time.
However, there is no 3-axis dynamic tester in the world that can perform full-scale dynamic experiments to prove its reliability, and the case of conducting experiments in the United States, which currently has the largest tester. Is increasing.
In particular, in recent years, there have been cases of data fabrication of high-damping rubber seismic isolation bearings, and there is an increasing demand for large-capacity testing machines that can carry out full-scale experiments that are not possible with existing testing machines.

FIG. 13 shows a 3-axis tester at the University of California, San Diego, USA.
This 3-axis tester applies a compressive force from below in the vertical direction.
Therefore, there are the following problems.
(1) Only short specimens such as seismic isolation bearings can be tested.
(2) Since the vertical force is only compression, a tensile test cannot be performed.
(3) The vertical force is applied to the test stand via the bearing, but the frictional force of the bearing cannot be measured, and after the experiment is completed, vibration is performed without the test piece, and data processing is performed based on the vibration. Therefore, the final experimental result cannot be obtained directly.
(4) The evaluation error of the horizontal force of the test piece is not clear from (3) after all, and in order to reduce it, an expensive oil film bearing considered to have extremely low friction is used, and its maintenance cost is also high.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem of the conventional 3-axis tester, and at the same time as loading horizontal force in two directions, loading compressive force exceeding the world's maximum capacity in the vertical direction, and the world's first large capacity It is an object of the present invention to provide a 3-axis dynamic tester having the feature that the tensile force of the above can be loaded and the horizontal force with respect to the test piece can be directly measured.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first invention of the present application is to arrange a lower reaction force beam fixed to the reaction force floor and horizontally movable on the lower reaction force beam, and a test piece in the center. A movable table for fixing the movable table, a presser beam for pressing the movable table from above, a presser beam link for fixing one end to a reaction force wall or the reaction force floor and the other end for the presser beam, and the test piece. It penetrates the upper reaction force beam that fixes the upper end, the upper reaction force beam link that fixes one end to the reaction force wall and the other end to the upper reaction force beam, and the lower reaction force beam and the holding lattice. The penetrating rod has a penetrating rod fixed to the upper reaction force beam, and the penetrating rod includes an upper block attached above the upper surface of the holding lattice and a lower block attached below the lower surface of the lower reaction force beam. It has an upper ram cylinder fixed between the holding lattice and the upper block, and a lower ram cylinder fixed between the lower reaction beam and the lower block, and one end thereof is attached to the movable table. Provided is a 3-axis dynamic tester characterized in that a horizontal actuator mounted on a reaction force wall is mounted in a first direction and in a direction orthogonal to the first direction.
In the second invention of the present application, in the three-axis dynamic testing machine of the first invention, a pillar jig is arranged between the test body and the upper reaction force beam, and the test body is mounted on the pillar jig. Provided is a 3-axis dynamic tester characterized in that it is fixed to the upper reaction force beam via the beam.
According to the third invention of the present application, in the triaxial dynamic tester of the first invention or the second invention, the through rod is inserted into an insertion hole provided in the upper reaction force beam, and the upper outlet and the lower outlet of the insertion hole are inserted. Provided is a three-axis dynamic testing machine characterized in that a spherical washer is arranged between the fixing material and the upper reaction force beam, which is fixed by a fixing material provided in each of the above.
The fourth invention of the present application is in any of the first to third inventions, the triaxial dynamic tester, between the movable table and the holding lattice, and between the movable table and the lower reaction force beam. Provided is a 3-axis dynamic tester characterized by arranging a plurality of low friction materials.
The fifth invention of the present application has a horizontal force mechanism capable of moving the movable table in the horizontal direction in any of the three-axis dynamic testers of the first invention to the fourth invention. A three-axis dynamic characterized by having a horizontal rod attached to the movable table, a horizontal ram cylinder attached to the reaction force wall, and a shock absorber provided between the horizontal rod and the horizontal ram cylinder. Provide a testing machine.

The 3-axis dynamic tester of the present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects by means for solving the above-mentioned problems.
(1) By sandwiching the movable table between the lower reaction force beam and the holding grid via the through rod, the movable table is separated from the lower reaction force beam and the test is not unstable.
(2) Separately prepare a ram cylinder in the compression direction and a ram cylinder in the tensile direction for the test piece, and use each of them at the same time to generate both a force on the test piece and a pinching force in (1). This makes it possible to obtain a large-capacity 3-axis dynamic tester at low cost.
(3) By shortening the column jig or making it removable, it is possible to carry out full-scale experiments on structural materials such as taller columns and walls, and a horizontally long test piece such as a damper. Can also be tested by fixing both ends to the upper part of the movable table and the reaction force wall.

Perspective view of 3-axis dynamic tester Side view of 3-axis dynamic tester Top view of the center of the movable table Cross section of the central part of the movable table Side view of a 3-axis dynamic tester when testing a tall specimen Explanatory drawing of the mounting state of the horizontal force mechanism on the movable table Explanatory drawing of compression test by 3-axis dynamic tester Explanatory drawing of tensile test by 3-axis dynamic tester Explanatory drawing of the test combining compression and shear by a 3-axis dynamic tester Explanatory drawing of the test including tension and shear by a 3-axis dynamic tester Explanatory drawing of horizontal large deformation fracture test by 3-axis dynamic tester (1) Explanatory drawing of horizontal large deformation fracture test by 3-axis dynamic tester (2) Explanatory drawing of a 3-axis tester at the University of California, San Diego, USA

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[1] Configuration of 3-axis dynamic tester The 3-axis dynamic tester has a lower reaction force beam 1, a movable table 2 arranged horizontally on the lower reaction beam 1, a holding lattice 3 for holding the movable table 2 from above, and a movable one. A pillar jig 4 for holding the test body P arranged on the table 2, an upper reaction force beam 5 for fixing the upper end of the pillar jig 4, and a penetration through the holding lattice 3 and the upper reaction force beam 5 from the lower reaction force beam 1. It is made by combining rods 6 (Fig. 1).
A horizontal actuator 7 having one end attached to the reaction force wall W is attached to the movable table 2 in the biaxial direction.
The lower ram cylinder 81 is attached to the lower surface of the lower reaction force beam 1 and the upper ram cylinder 82 is attached to the upper surface of the holding grid 3 on the penetrating rod 6.
Further, a horizontal force mechanism 9 having one end attached to the reaction force wall W is attached to the movable table 2 in the uniaxial direction.

<1> Lower reaction force beam The lower reaction force beam 1 is a set of beams having a square cross section whose inside is reinforced with ribs, and is fixed to the reaction force floor F (FIG. 2).
Rod insertion grooves 12 penetrating the penetrating rod 6 are provided at the four corners of the lower reaction force beam 1.

<2> Movable table The movable table 2 is placed on the lower reaction force beam 1 via the lower low friction member 11.
The lower low friction material 11 is composed of a central lower low friction material 11a arranged in the center and an outer lower low friction material 11b arranged on the outer periphery.
The lower center lower friction member 11a arranged in the center is attached to the lower end of the table foot 21 projecting from the lower surface of the movable table 2. The outer lower friction material 11b arranged on the outer circumference is attached to the upper end of the table pedestal 13 projecting from the upper surface of the lower reaction force beam 1.
The movable table 2 is horizontally moved in the biaxial direction by the horizontal actuator 7.
For example, each horizontal actuator 7 has a dynamic loading load of 450 tons and a displacement of ± 1 m, a static loading load of 600 tons and a displacement of ± 1.4 m, and is in the first horizontal direction (X direction). Two units are installed in, and one unit is installed in the second direction (Y direction) orthogonal to it.
Since the movable table 2 moves independently in the X direction and the Y direction by a maximum of ± 1.4 m, the rod insertion groove 12 of the lower reaction force beam 1 is provided at a position where the penetrating rod 6 does not come into contact with the movable table 2. Further, the shape is such that the movable table 2 lacks the four corners so that it does not come into contact with the penetrating rod 6 even if it moves.
At the center of the movable table 2, bearing plates 22 for widely dispersing the force acting on the movable table 2 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface. A plurality of corresponding holes 23 and 221 are formed in the movable table 2 and the bearing plate 22, respectively, and a nut 223 is screwed into a bolt 222 penetrating the holes 23 and 221 to be integrated (FIGS. 3 and 4).
Then, the test body P is fixed on the bearing plate 22 on the upper surface of the movable table 2. Depending on the type of the test body P, it may be fixed on the bearing plate 22 via the pedestal 24.
If the test body P and the pedestal 24 are also provided with holes corresponding to the holes 23 of the movable table 2 and the holes 221 of the bearing plate 22, they can be fixed to the movable table 2 with bolts 222 and nuts 223.

<3> Presser grid The presser grid 3 has an upper low friction material 31 attached to the lower surface thereof and is placed on the movable table 2.
The presser grid 3 has a square shape in a plan view, and a notch 32 is provided in the center in accordance with the moving range of the test body P.
The presser grid 3 restrains the presser grid link 33 having one end attached to the reaction force wall W or the reaction force floor F by attaching it in the X direction and the Y direction. A load cell is attached to the presser grid link 33.
Rod insertion holes 34 are provided near the four corners of the presser grid 3 at positions corresponding to the rod insertion grooves 12 of the lower reaction force beam 1.

<4> Pillar Jig The pillar jig 4 is a member to which a test body P having its lower end fixed on a bearing plate 22 on the upper surface of the movable table 2 is attached and pressed from above.
The upper end of the column jig 4 is fixed to the upper reaction force beam 5.
The column jig 4 can also be removed from the upper reaction force beam 5.
For example, when conducting a full-scale experiment using a tall structural material such as a column or a wall as a test body P, the column jig 4 is removed and the upper end of the test body P is fixed to the upper reaction force beam 5 (FIG. 5). ) Or, a horizontally long test piece can be tested by fixing both ends to the upper part of the movable table 2 and the reaction force wall W.

<5> Upper reaction force beam The upper reaction force beam 5 is a set of beams having a square cross section whose inside is reinforced with ribs.
The upper reaction force beam 5 attaches the upper reaction force beam link 51 having one end attached to the reaction force wall W in the X direction and the Y direction to restrain the movement in the horizontal direction. A load cell is attached to the upper reaction force beam link 51.
Rod insertion holes 52 corresponding to the arrangement positions of the through rods 6 of the rod insertion grooves 12 of the lower reaction force beam 1 are provided near the four corners of the upper reaction force beam 5.
A bearing plate 53 is attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper reaction force beam 5 in the same manner as the bearing plate 22 of the movable table 2 in the same manner as the movable table 2. The test body P and the column jig 4 are fixed to the upper reaction force beam 5 via the bearing plate 53 on the lower surface.

<6> Through rod The through rod 6 inserts the rod insertion groove 12 of the lower reaction force beam 1, the rod insertion hole 34 of the holding grid 3, and the rod insertion hole 52 of the upper reaction force beam 5.
The penetrating rod 6 inserted through the upper reaction force beam 5 is fixed by attaching fixing members 61 at the top and bottom.
A shrink disc is preferable as the fixing material 61, but a nut may be used with the penetrating rod 6 in the shape of a screw.
A load cell is attached to the penetrating rod 6.

<6.1> Spherical washer A spherical washer 611 is sandwiched between the fixing member 61 and the lower and upper sides of the rod insertion hole 52 of the through rod 6 inserted into the upper reaction force beam 5.
All the transmission of the force between the upper reaction force beam 5 and the spherical washer 611 becomes a contact pressure, and a highly rigid joint can be formed with a simple shape.
Further, the spherical washer 611 prevents the generation of a horizontal force due to bending and shearing of the penetrating rod 6, whereby the horizontal force transmitted from the penetrating rod 6 to the upper reaction force beam 5 can be ignored.

<6.2> Lower ram cylinder A lower block 62 is inserted through a penetrating rod 6 protruding from the lower surface of the lower reaction force beam 1 and supported by a fixing member 61.
Then, the lower ram cylinder 81 is arranged between the lower reaction force beam 1 and the lower block 62.
For example, the lower ram cylinder 81 has a load of 1500 tons and a displacement of ± 0.6 m per unit in a single motion, and two units are attached to each through rod 6 to set the forces of the two units equally.

<6.3> The upper block 63 is inserted into the penetrating rod 6 protruding from the upper surface of the upper ram cylinder presser grid 3, and the fixing member 61 restrains the upward movement.
Then, the upper ram cylinder 82 is arranged between the holding grid 3 and the upper block 63.
The movable table 2 is fastened by sandwiching the upper and lower sides between the lower reaction force beam 1 and the holding grid 3 by the lower block 62 and the upper block 63, and the movable table 2 is separated from the lower low friction material 11 to make the movable table 2 unstable. Will never be.
For example, the upper ram cylinder 82 has a load of 750 tons and a displacement of ± 0.6 m per unit in a single motion, and two units are attached to each through rod 6 to set the forces of the two units equally.

<7> Horizontal force mechanism In addition to the horizontal actuator 7, a horizontal force mechanism 9 having one end attached to the reaction force wall W is attached to the movable table 2 in the X direction of the horizontal direction (FIG. 6).
The horizontal force mechanism 9 includes a horizontal rod 91 attached to the movable table 2, a horizontal ram cylinder 92 having one end attached to the reaction force wall W, a shock absorber 93 arranged between the horizontal rod 91 and the horizontal ram cylinder 92, and the like. Consists of.
The horizontal ram cylinder 92 has a load of 1000 tons per unit, and the maximum loading force in the X direction is 1200 tons for the horizontal actuator 7 (2 units) and 2000 tons for the horizontal ram cylinder 92 (2 units) at the time of static loading, for a total of 2000 tons. It will be 3200 tons.
Two horizontal force mechanisms 9 are symmetrically attached to the left and right sides of the movable table 2.

[2] Test by 3-axis dynamic tester <1> Shear test The upper part of the test piece P is fixed to the column jig 4, and the lower part is fixed on the bearing plate 22 on the upper surface of the movable table 2.
When the test body P is tall, the column jig 4 is removed and the lower part of the test body P is fixed to the bearing plate 22 on the upper surface of the movable table, and the upper portion is fixed to the bearing plate 53 on the lower surface of the upper reaction force beam 5. ..
Then, the horizontal actuator 7 is activated to give a dynamic load. With the combination of the horizontal actuators 7 described above, for example, a dynamic load of 900 tons in the X direction and 450 tons in the Y direction can be applied.
The movable table 2 is horizontally moved by the horizontal actuators 7 in the X direction and the Y direction, respectively, and the test piece P is sheared and deformed.
Then, the shear force in the X direction and the Y direction acting on the test piece P can be measured by the load cell of the upper reaction force beam link 51. Since the upper reaction force beam link 51 is connected to the upper reaction force beam 5, the measured shear force includes the inertial force of the movable table 2 and the frictional force between the upper low friction material 31 and the lower low friction material 11. Since it is not contained, the force acting on the test piece P can be clearly grasped.
Further, the frictional force of the upper and lower friction material 31 can be measured by the load cell of the presser grid link 33. The frictional force of the lower low friction member 11 is a balanced type using the horizontal force measured by the load cell installed on the horizontal actuator 7, the holding lattice link 33, and the upper reaction force beam link 51 and the inertial force of the movable table 2 and the like. Is required from. An accelerometer is installed on the movable table 2 and the like in order to obtain the inertial force of the movable table 2 and the like.
In a horizontally long test body P such as a damper, one end of the test body P is connected to the upper part of the movable table 2 via a jig, and the other end is fixed to the reaction force wall W. The force acting on the test body P at this time is obtained from the load cell connected in series with the test body P.

<2> Tensile / compression test When the lower ram cylinder 81 at the bottom of the lower reaction force beam 1 is extended, the lower block 62 and the penetrating rod 6 are pushed downward by the lower ram cylinder 81 to pull the penetrating rod 6 and then the penetrating rod. 6. A compressive force acts on the test piece P via the upper reaction force beam 5 and the column jig 4 (FIG. 7).
Further, when the upper ram cylinder 82 above the presser grid 3 is extended, the upper block 63 and the penetrating rod 6 are pushed upward by the upper ram cylinder 82 to compress the penetrating rod 6, and the penetrating rod 6, the upper reaction force beam 5, and the like. A tensile force acts on the test piece P via the column jig 4 (FIG. 8).
The compressive force and tensile force acting on the test body P are measured by the load cell of the penetrating rod 6. It can also be measured by the pressure gauge inside the ram cylinder.
By superimposing the actions of the lower ram cylinder 81 and the upper ram cylinder 82, various sizes of compressive force or tensile force are applied to the upper section of the penetrating rod 6 from the upper block 63 to the upper reaction force beam 5. The reaction force acts as a vertical force on the test piece P, and the tensile / compressive test of the test piece P can be performed.
At this time, the holding grid 3 and the movable table 2 are both pressed against the lower reaction force beam 1 by the tensile force acting on the lower section of the penetrating rod 6 between the lower block 62 and the upper block 63, whereby the test piece P is pressed. It is possible to prevent the locking rotation due to the separation and lifting of the movable table 2 on the contact surface due to the overturning moment generated from the horizontal force.

<3> Test using a ram cylinder In this way, the function for moving the through rod 6 fixed to the upper reaction force beam 5 to which the test body P is attached via the column jig 4 up and down is provided, and the lower ram cylinder is in the downward direction. 81. By dispersing in the upper ram cylinder 82 in the upward direction, it is possible to use a single-acting ram cylinder with a simpler hydraulic mechanism than a push-pull actuator that moves the through rod 6 up and down by itself, which is inexpensive and has high output. The load device can be manufactured.
In particular, push-pull actuators have a long and thick shape, and the joints at both ends are complicated and large, making it difficult to fit, and those with a capacity of 1500 tons are either unproven or very expensive, and are not. It's realistic. In addition, the rigidity of the joints at both ends of the push-pull actuator is reduced by tension, and the single-acting ram cylinder always transmits force by contact pressure, forming a high-rigidity joint with a simple shape. In contrast to.
Further, since the presser grid 3, the movable table 2, and the lower reaction force beam 1 can be pressed and integrated at the same time by compressing and pulling the test piece P with only the upper and lower ram cylinders 81 and 82, in the case of an actuator for both pushing and pulling. It is possible to obtain a large-capacity and inexpensive 3-axis dynamic tester without requiring a separate mechanism as in.
Since the ram cylinder has a degree of freedom of rotation, it can follow the inclination of the ground contact surface without bending the penetrating rod 6, so a spherical washer is not required. A spherical washer shall be arranged between the upper block 63 and the fixing member 61.
In addition, a large-capacity 3-axis dynamic tester enables full-scale dynamic experiments on large structural members.

<4> Combination of vertical direction and horizontal direction FIG. 9 shows two control examples of the ram cylinder when the compressive force N and the shearing force Q are loaded on the test piece P.
In Example 1, while uniformly maintaining the elongation of the lower ram cylinder 81 of eight, the target value of the sum of the compressive forces and _{N + N C, N C /} 8 compression force on the ram cylinder 82 of the eight respective time And. N is the compressive force of the constant or variable, N _C is the constant pinching force by eight. At this time, the horizontal actuator 7 generates a shearing force Q and an overturning moment, and by extension, compressive and tensile forces on the left and right sides of the upper section of the penetrating rod 6, and the load values of the four lower ram cylinders 81 are on the left and right sides. They are (N + N _C ) / 2 --N _Q and (N + N _C ) / 2 + N _Q , respectively. N _Q is the amount of axial force fluctuation due to Q. In the above, the lower ram cylinder 81, through rod 6, the upper block 63, is vertically moved to follow the dihedral force beam 5 to expansion and contraction of the specimen P, the upper ram cylinder 82 on the other hand, each of N _C / 8 Since the displacement is not constrained only by acting the force of, it follows this movement. The most likely separation of the ram cylinder from the contact surface is the lower left ram cylinder 81 in FIG. 9, and N _C is set to be larger than _{2N Q --N to prevent this.} N _Q can be evaluated from the maximum value of Q predicted in advance.
Example 2 of FIG. 9, respectively compression forces lower ram cylinder 81 of eight as opposed to the a (N + N _C) / 8 but not restrain the displacement, growth on the ram cylinder 82 of eight while uniformly maintaining the target value of the sum of the compression forces it is an N _C. In this case, the load values of the four upper ram cylinders 82 are N _C / 2 + N _Q and N _C / 2-N _Q on the left side and the right side, respectively. The possibility of separation is greatest in the upper ram cylinder 82 on the right in FIG. 9, and to prevent this, N _C is set to be larger than 2 N _Q. Further, as shown in the lower ram cylinder 81 on the right side of FIG. 9, in Example 2, since _{the burden of N Q} is not required, it is effective when the capacity of the lower ram cylinder 81 is to be maximized, but the upper ram is effective. Since the cylinder 82 is on the holding grid 3, the movable table 2, and the lower reaction force beam 1, it is necessary to pay attention to the accuracy of the displacement control.

FIG. 10 shows a case where N in FIG. 9 is a tensile force. In Example 1, while uniformly maintaining the elongation of the ram cylinder 82 on the eight, the target value of the sum of the compressive forces and _{N + N C, N C /} 8 at the same time eight of the compressive force of the lower ram cylinder 81, respectively And. For the same reason as in Fig. 9, the load values for the four upper ram cylinders 82 are changed to (N + N _C ) / 2 + N _Q and (N --N _C ) / 2 --N _Q on the left and right sides, respectively. Become. In the above, the upper ram cylinder 82, through rod 6, the upper block 63, is vertically moved to follow expansion and contraction of the dihedral force beam 5 test specimens, while the lower ram cylinder 81, the N _C / 8, respectively It follows this movement while applying force. Considering the upper ram cylinder 82 on the right in FIG. 10, which has the greatest possibility of separation, N _C is set to be larger than _{2N Q --N.}
Example 2 of FIG. 10, the elongation of the respective compressive forces on the ram cylinder 82 of eight as opposed to the (N + N _C) / 8 to but not restrain the displacement, under the eight ram cylinder 81 while uniformly maintaining the target value of the sum of the compression forces it is an N _C. In this case, the load values of the four lower ram cylinders 81 are N _C / 2-N _Q and N _C / 2 + N _Q on the left side and the right side, respectively. Considering the lower left ram cylinder 81 on the left in FIG. 10, which has the greatest possibility of separation, N _C is set to be larger than _{2N Q.}

In the above, the control of moving the upper reaction force beam 5 up and down while keeping it horizontal has been described, but it is also possible to control the upper reaction force beam 5 to be rotated by adjusting the elongation of each ram cylinder. Further, in this way, various loadings are possible by combining the point that the load-controlled ram cylinder is not constrained in displacement and the point that the relative displacement amount of the plurality of ram cylinders and the total load can be controlled at the same time.

<5> Presser grid link and superior reaction beam link In order to prevent the presser grid 3 and the superior reaction beam 5 from moving horizontally due to the highly rigid presser grid link 33 and the superior reaction beam link 51, the through rod 6 is tilted. It is small, and the influence of the horizontal component of the axial force of the penetrating rod 6 on the horizontal force applied from the horizontal actuator 7 to the test piece P can be ignored, and the accuracy of loading and measuring the horizontal force can be improved.

<6> Low-friction material The upper friction material 31 and the lower low-friction material 11 are arranged above and below the movable table 2 to keep the frictional force small, and the presser grid link 33 deforms and moves the presser grid 3 in the horizontal direction. By restraining, the horizontal force transmitted to the penetrating rod 6 becomes negligible, and the horizontal force measured by the load cells attached to the horizontal actuator 7, the holding grid link 33, and the upper reaction force beam link 51, and the movable table. Since the frictional forces generated on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable table 2 during water smoothing can be calculated accurately by the equilibrium formula using the inertial force calculated from the acceleration of 2nd magnitude, they can be calculated with the vertical friction materials 11 and 31. It can be used for judgment in terms of maintenance and evaluation of the influence of frictional force on peripheral members, and it is not necessary to use expensive oil film bearings.

<7> Large Deformation Fracture Test in the Horizontal Direction The 3-axis dynamic tester of the present invention has a horizontal force mechanism 9 and can perform a large deformation fracture test in the horizontal direction.
In the horizontal large deformation fracture test, the test piece P is destroyed by pushing the movable table 2 in the X direction by the horizontal force mechanism 9. When the amount of deformation required to break the test body P is large, the test body P is arranged in a state where the movable table 2 is previously moved to the horizontal force mechanism 9 side in the X direction (FIG. 11).
Then, the horizontal ram cylinder 92 is extended together with the horizontal actuator 7 to horizontally move the movable table 2 in the X direction (FIG. 12), and the test piece P is sheared and deformed to be destroyed. Since a large force acts on the column jig 4, a diagonal member or the like may be added to reinforce the column jig 4.
The shear force acting on the test body P during this period is measured by the load cell of the upper reaction force beam link 51 in the same manner as in the above-mentioned shear test.
A shock absorber 93 is provided between the horizontal rod 91 and the horizontal ram cylinder 92, and when the test body P is destroyed, the force of the horizontal ram cylinder 92 acting on the test body P acts on the movable table 2 to act on the movable table 2. Prevent 2 from being blown away.

1 Lower reaction beam 11 Lower low friction material 12 Rod insertion groove 13 Table cradle 2 Movable table 21 Table foot 22 Support plate 221 Hole 222 Bolt 223 Nut 23 Hole 24 Pedestal 3 Presser grid 31 Upper low friction material 32 Notch 33 Presser Lattice link 34 Rod insertion hole 4 Pillar jig 5 Upper reaction force beam 51 Upper reaction force beam link 52 Rod insertion hole 53 Support plate 6 Through rod 61 Fixing material 611 Spherical seat 62 Lower block 63 Upper block 7 Horizontal actuator 81 Lower ram cylinder 82 Upper ram cylinder 9 Horizontal force mechanism 91 Horizontal rod 92 Horizontal ram cylinder 93 Shock absorber P Specimen

Claims (5)

The lower reaction force beam fixed to the reaction force floor and
A movable table that is horizontally movable on the lower reaction force beam and that fixes the test piece in the center,
A presser grid that presses the movable table from above,
A presser grid link that fixes one end to the reaction wall or the reaction floor and the other end to the presser grid.
An upper reaction force beam that fixes the upper end of the test piece,
An upper reaction beam link that fixes one end to the reaction force wall and the other end to the upper reaction force beam,
It has a lower reaction force beam and a through rod that penetrates the holding lattice and is fixed to the upper reaction force beam.
The penetrating rod includes an upper block attached above the upper surface of the holding grid, a lower block attached below the lower surface of the lower reaction force beam, and an upper ram cylinder fixed between the holding grid and the upper block. , A lower ram cylinder fixed between the lower reaction force beam and the lower block.
A three-axis dynamic testing machine characterized in that a horizontal actuator having one end attached to the reaction force wall is attached to the movable table in a first direction and in a direction orthogonal to the first direction. In the 3-axis dynamic testing machine according to claim 1,
A column jig is placed between the test piece and the upper reaction force beam,
A three-axis dynamic testing machine characterized in that the test piece is fixed to the upper reaction force beam via the pillar jig. In the 3-axis dynamic testing machine according to claim 1 or 2.
The through rod is inserted into an insertion hole provided in the upper reaction force beam, and fixed by fixing materials provided at the upper outlet and the lower outlet of the insertion hole, respectively.
A 3-axis dynamic testing machine characterized in that a spherical washer is arranged between the fixing material and the upper reaction force beam. In the 3-axis dynamic testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A three-axis dynamic testing machine characterized in that a plurality of low friction materials are arranged between the movable table and the holding grid, and between the movable table and the lower reaction force beam. In the 3-axis dynamic testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
It has a horizontal force mechanism that can move the movable table in the horizontal direction.
The horizontal force mechanism is
A horizontal rod attached to the movable table and
A horizontal ram cylinder attached to the reaction wall and
A 3-axis dynamic tester comprising: a shock absorber provided between the horizontal rod and the horizontal ram cylinder.

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