JP6839564B2 - Fluid heating members, equipment for producing heated fluids and equipment for producing gases - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fluid heating member, an apparatus for producing a heated fluid, and an apparatus for producing a gas.

Titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles have an absorption spectrum close to that of sunlight. Therefore, it has been studied to make titanium nitride nanoparticles absorb sunlight, convert the absorbed sunlight into heat, and heat the fluid with the obtained heat. For example, in Patent Document 1, the titanium nitride nanoparticle dispersed water obtained by dispersing the titanium nitride nanoparticles in water is irradiated with sunlight, the titanium nitride nanoparticles absorb the sunlight, and the sunlight is converted into heat. It is described that the obtained heat heats the dispersed water of titanium nitride nanoparticles to generate water vapor.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-125679

When the technique described in Patent Document 1 is used to obtain a heated fluid, heat is transferred to the fluid from titanium nitride nanoparticles that efficiently absorb sunlight, and the fluid is efficiently heated. However, a treatment for separating the fluid from the titanium nitride nanoparticles, a treatment for heat exchange between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid heated by the titanium nitride nanoparticles, and the like are required, and the heated fluid can be easily obtained. Can't.

Further, when the technique described in Patent Document 1 is used to obtain a gas generated by heating a fluid, heat is efficiently transferred to the fluid from titanium nitride nanoparticles that efficiently absorb sunlight, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated. However, a process for separating the fluid from the titanium nitride nanoparticles, a process for preventing the outflow of the titanium nitride nanoparticles, and the like are required, and a heated fluid cannot be easily obtained. For example, when the technique described in Patent Document 1 is used to obtain fresh water from seawater, in batch processing, seawater is concentrated as the water is vaporized from the seawater, so that the seawater is separated from the titanium nitride nanoparticles. In the continuous treatment, a treatment for preventing the outflow of titanium nitride nanoparticles is required.

These problems also occur when heat is transferred from nanoparticles other than titanium nitride nanoparticles to the fluid.

The present invention is made to solve these problems. An object to be solved by the present invention is to ensure that the fluid is efficiently heated and that the heated fluid is easily obtained.

In a fluid heating member for heating a fluid by transferring heat converted from sunlight , the base material has a surface with which the fluid can come into contact. Further, nanoparticles composed of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, lanthanum boride, zirconium carbide and titanium boride are emitted from sunlight. It is fixed to the surface of the substrate so that it can receive.

Since nanoparticles have a spectrum close to that of sunlight, they efficiently absorb sunlight and efficiently convert sunlight into heat. Further, since the nanoparticles are fixed to the surface of the base material, they absorb sunlight more efficiently and convert sunlight into heat more efficiently than when they are embedded in the base material. Furthermore, because the nanoparticles are anchored to the surface of the substrate, they come into direct contact with the fluid and transfer the heat generated by the conversion directly to the fluid, compared to the case where they are embedded in the substrate. Efficiently transfers the heat generated by the conversion to the fluid. Therefore, heat is efficiently transferred from the nanoparticles that efficiently absorb sunlight to the fluid, and the fluid is efficiently heated. In addition, the process of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles, the process of exchanging heat between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid heated by the nanoparticles, the process of preventing the outflow of the nanoparticles, etc. are no longer necessary and the particles are heated. The fluid is easily obtained.

Objectives, features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent with the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the fluid heating member of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which illustrates the procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 2nd Embodiment. It is an exploded perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which illustrates the procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which illustrates the procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of 3rd Embodiment, 6th Embodiment, 7th Embodiment, 8th Embodiment and 9th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 5th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 6th Embodiment and 8th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the microstructure of the fluid heating member of 6th Embodiment and 7th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the urethane foam used in the production of the base material of 6th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the fluid heating member of 7th Embodiment and 9th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the microstructure of the fluid heating member of 8th Embodiment and 9th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the hot water production apparatus of 10th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the molten salt production apparatus of 11th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the steam production apparatus of the twelfth embodiment.

1 First Embodiment 1.1 Configuration of Fluid Heating Member The first embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The schematic view of FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the first embodiment. The schematic view of FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the fluid heating member of the first embodiment.

The fluid heating member 100 illustrated in each of FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a substrate 110, a large number of nanoparticles 111, and a spacer 112. The base material 110 includes a plurality of ceramic substrates 120.

The plurality of ceramic substrates 120 are arranged in the thickness direction of each ceramic substrate 120, which is each of the plurality of ceramic substrates 120. Two adjacent ceramic substrates 120 included in the plurality of ceramic substrates 120 face each other with a gap 130 through which a fluid can enter. The spacer 112 supports the plurality of ceramic substrates 120 so that the state in which the plurality of ceramic substrates 120 have the above-mentioned arrangement is maintained. Each ceramic substrate 120 is made of a dense body. As a result, the base material 110 which is a parallel flat plate-like structure is obtained, and one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120 become surfaces to which the fluid can come into contact.

Each ceramic substrate 120 has translucency. The ceramic material constituting each ceramic substrate 120 is preferably alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia or silica, and more preferably alumina or aluminum nitride having high thermal conductivity. The ceramic material constituting each ceramic substrate 120 may be a solid solution or a composite of two or more kinds of ceramic materials selected from alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia and silica. Each ceramic substrate 120 may be made of a ceramic material other than the illustrated ceramic material. A ceramic substrate made of a ceramic material may be replaced with a substrate made of a material other than the ceramic material. For example, the ceramic substrate made of a ceramic material may be replaced with a glass substrate made of glass, a quartz substrate made of quartz, or the like.

The nanoparticles 111 are dispersed and fixed on one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120. The nanoparticles 111 consist of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, lanthanum boride, zirconium carbide and titanium borohydride, preferably. It consists of titanium nitride. Nanoparticles 111 are prepared to have a plasmon absorbing effect.

1.2 Fluid heating When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 100, the fluid heating member 100 is placed in the fluid and is placed on one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120. The fluid is brought into contact. Further, the fluid heating member 100 is irradiated with sunlight. Since each ceramic substrate 120 is translucent, the irradiated sunlight reaches all of one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142, and one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface. It reaches the nanoparticles 111 immobilized on 142. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 111 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 111 and converted into heat. The generated heat is directly transferred from the nanoparticles 111 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, since the nanoparticles 111 have a spectrum close to that of sunlight, the nanoparticles 111 efficiently absorb sunlight and efficiently convert sunlight into heat. Further, since the nanoparticles 111 are fixed to one main surface 140, the other main surface 141, and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120, the efficiency of sunlight is improved as compared with the case where the nanoparticles are embedded in each ceramic substrate 120. It absorbs well and converts sunlight into heat efficiently. Further, since the nanoparticles 111 are fixed to one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120, they come into direct contact with the fluid and directly transfer the heat generated by the conversion to the fluid. The heat generated by the conversion is efficiently transferred to the fluid as compared with the case where the ceramic substrate 120 is embedded in the ceramic substrate 120. Therefore, heat is efficiently transferred from the nanoparticles 111, which efficiently absorb sunlight, to the fluid, and the fluid is efficiently heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the nanoparticles 111 are fixed to one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120 and do not flow out. Therefore, there is no need for a process of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 111, a process of exchanging heat between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 111, a process of preventing the outflow of the nanoparticles 111, and the like. Therefore, a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, each ceramic substrate 120 has translucency. Therefore, according to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, sunlight is absorbed even in the central portion of the fluid heating member 100, and the efficiency of converting sunlight into heat is increased.

In addition, when each ceramic substrate 120 has a high thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, heat is uniformly transferred to the entire fluid, and it becomes easy to manufacture the heated fluid.

1.3 Manufacture of Fluid Heating Member FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the first embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 100, a plurality of ceramic substrates 120 are produced in the step S101 shown in FIG.

Subsequently, in step S102, the nanoparticles 111 are dispersed and fixed on one main surface 140, the other main surface 141, and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120. Fixation of nanoparticles 111 may be performed after step S103.

Subsequently, in step S103, the plurality of ceramic substrates 120 are fixed by spacers 112 so as to have the above arrangement. As a result, the fluid heating member 100 shown in each of FIGS. 1 and 2 is manufactured.

1.4 Preparation of each ceramic substrate by the gel casting method In the production of each ceramic substrate 120 by the gel casting method, a molding slurry is prepared. The molding slurry is prepared by further adding a gelling agent to the slurry obtained by adding ceramic powder to the dispersion medium and dispersing it. Alternatively, the molding slurry is prepared by simultaneously adding a ceramic powder and a gelling agent to the dispersion medium and dispersing them. The molding slurry may contain components other than the dispersion medium, ceramic powder and gelling agent. For example, the molding slurry may contain a dispersant, an antifoaming agent and the like.

The dispersion medium is an organic solvent. The organic solvent is a polyhydric alcohol, a polybasic acid, an ester or the like. Polyhydric alcohols are diols, triols and the like. The diols are ethylene glycol and the like. Triols are glycerin and the like. The polybasic acid is a dicarboxylic acid or the like. Esters are polybasic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters, and the like. The polybasic acid ester is dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl malonate, or the like. Esters of polyhydric alcohols are triacetin and the like.

The ceramic powder is a powder of a ceramic material constituting each ceramic substrate 120.

The gelling agent is an organic compound having a reactive functional group and forming a three-dimensional crosslinked structure in the presence of a crosslinking agent, and is a prepolymer or the like. The prepolymer is a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, or the like.

The prepared molding slurry is cast into a plate-shaped inner space formed in a mold. In the cast molding slurry, the gelling agent is polymerized to form a three-dimensional crosslinked structure. As a result, the cast slurry for molding is cured, and a plate-shaped ceramic molded body is obtained.

The obtained plate-shaped ceramic molded product is fired at an appropriate temperature in an appropriate atmosphere. As a result, each ceramic substrate 120 is obtained.

1.5 Preparation of each ceramic substrate by the doctor blade method In the production of each ceramic substrate 120 by the doctor blade method, a molding slurry is applied on the carrier film. As a result, a coating film is obtained.

The obtained coating film is cured. As a result, a tape-shaped ceramic molded product is obtained.

The obtained tape-shaped ceramic molded body is processed. As a result, a plate-shaped ceramic molded body can be obtained.

The obtained plate-shaped ceramic molded product is fired at an appropriate temperature in an appropriate atmosphere. As a result, each ceramic substrate 120 is obtained.

1.6 Fixation of nanoparticles In the fixation of nanoparticles 111, a dispersed slurry is prepared. The dispersion slurry is prepared by adding nanoparticles 111 and an inorganic binder to the dispersion medium and dispersing them.

The dispersion medium is a liquid such as water or ethanol.

Each of the produced ceramic substrates 120 is immersed in the prepared dispersion slurry. As a result, dip coating is performed, and the prepared slurry comes into contact with one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 of each ceramic substrate 120, and the nanoparticles 111 are brought into contact with one main surface 140 and the other main surface 140. It adheres to the surface 141 and the end surface 142.

Each ceramic substrate 120 to which nanoparticles 111 are attached to one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 is subjected to a dry heat treatment. As a result, the nanoparticles 111 are bonded to one main surface 140, the other main surface 141 and the end surface 142 by an inorganic binder, and the nanoparticles 111 shown in each of FIGS. 1 and 2 are bonded to each other. The ceramic substrate 120 is manufactured.

2 Second Embodiment 2.1 Configuration of Fluid Heating Member The second embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the fluid heating member of the first embodiment and the fluid heating member of the second embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is a parallel flat plate-like structure, whereas the second embodiment is a parallel plate-like structure. In the embodiment, the base material is a lattice-like structure.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the second embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

The schematic view of FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the second embodiment. The schematic view of FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the second embodiment.

The fluid heating member 200 illustrated in each of FIGS. 4 and 5 includes a substrate 210 and a large number of nanoparticles 211.

The base material 210 includes a plurality of ceramic substrates 220 and a plurality of ceramic substrates 221. The plurality of ceramic substrates 220 are arranged in the thickness direction of each ceramic substrate 220, which is each of the plurality of ceramic substrates 220. Two adjacent ceramic substrates 220 included in the plurality of ceramic substrates 220 face each other with a gap 230 in which a fluid can enter. The plurality of ceramic substrates 221 are arranged in the thickness direction of each ceramic substrate 221 which is each of the plurality of ceramic substrates 221. Two adjacent ceramic substrates 221 included in the plurality of ceramic substrates 221 face each other with a gap 231 through which a fluid can enter. Each ceramic substrate 220 is perpendicular to each ceramic substrate 221. As shown in FIG. 5, each ceramic substrate 220 has a plate-shaped comb shape and includes a plate-shaped portion 240 and a comb-shaped portion 241. A plurality of slits 250 are formed in the comb-shaped portion 241. As shown in FIG. 5, each ceramic substrate 221 has a plate-shaped comb shape and includes a plate-shaped portion 242 and a comb-shaped portion 243. A plurality of slits 251 are formed in the comb-shaped portion 243. The plate-shaped portions 242 of the plurality of ceramic substrates 221 are inserted into the plurality of slits 250, respectively. The plate-shaped portions 240 of the plurality of ceramic substrates 220 are inserted into the plurality of slits 251 respectively. The plurality of ceramic substrates 220 support the plurality of ceramic substrates 221 so that the state in which the plurality of ceramic substrates 221 have the above-mentioned arrangement is maintained. The plurality of ceramic substrates 221 support the plurality of ceramic substrates 220 so that the state in which the plurality of ceramic substrates 220 have the above-mentioned arrangement is maintained. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, a base material 210 which is a lattice-like structure in which a plurality of holes 260 and a plurality of grooves 261 are formed is obtained, and each of the holes 260 which is each of the plurality of holes 260 The inner wall 270, the inner wall 271 of each groove 261 which is each of the plurality of grooves 261, the end face 280 of each ceramic substrate 220, and the end face 281 of each ceramic substrate 221 become surfaces with which fluid can come into contact.

Each ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 is translucent. The ceramic material constituting each ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 is the same as the ceramic material constituting each ceramic substrate 120 of the first embodiment.

The nanoparticles 211 are dispersed and fixed on the inner wall 270 of each hole 260, the inner wall 271 of each groove 261, the end face 280 of each ceramic substrate 220, and the end face 281 of each ceramic substrate 221. The compound constituting the nanoparticles 211 is the same as the compound constituting the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

2.2 Fluid heating When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 200, the fluid heating member 200 is placed in the fluid, and the inner wall 270 of each hole 260, the inner wall 271 of each groove 261 and the end face of each ceramic substrate 220 are placed. The fluid is brought into contact with the end faces 281 of the 280 and each ceramic substrate 221. Further, the fluid heating member 200 is irradiated with sunlight. Since the base material 210 has translucency, the irradiated sunlight reaches all of the inner wall 270, the inner wall 271, the end face 280 and the end face 281, and the nanoparticles fixed to the inner wall 270, the inner wall 271, the end face 280 and the end face 281. Reach 211. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 211 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 211 and converted into heat. The heat is transferred directly from the nanoparticles 211 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 200 of the second embodiment, as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, heat is directly transferred from the nanoparticles 211 that efficiently absorb sunlight to the fluid, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 200 of the second embodiment, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the treatment of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 211, the primary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 211 and 2 A process for exchanging heat with the next fluid, a process for preventing the outflow of nanoparticles 211, and the like are not required, and a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 200 of the second embodiment, as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, sunlight is absorbed also in the central portion of the fluid heating member 200, and the sunlight is converted into heat. Higher efficiency.

In addition, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, when each ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 have high thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 200 of the second embodiment, heat is applied to the entire fluid. Is transmitted uniformly, and it becomes easy to produce a heated fluid.

2.3 Manufacture of fluid heating member FIG. 6 is also a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the second embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 200, a plurality of ceramic substrates 220 and a plurality of ceramic substrates 221 are produced in the step S201 shown in FIG.

Subsequently, in step S202, the nanoparticles 211 are dispersed and fixed on the inner wall 270 of each hole 260, the inner wall 271 of each groove 261, the end face 280 of each ceramic substrate 220, and the end face 281 of each ceramic substrate 221. Fixation of nanoparticles 211 may be performed after step S203.

Subsequently, in step S203, the plurality of ceramic substrates 220 and the plurality of ceramic substrates 221 are combined with each other so that the plurality of ceramic substrates 220 and the plurality of ceramic substrates 221 have the above-mentioned arrangement. As a result, the fluid heating member 200 shown in each of FIGS. 4 and 5 is manufactured.

2.4 Preparation of each ceramic substrate by the gel cast method In the production of the ceramic substrate used as each of the ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 by the gel cast method, a molding slurry is prepared. The molding slurry to be prepared is the same as the molding slurry prepared in the production of each ceramic substrate 120 by the gel casting method of the first embodiment.

The prepared molding slurry is cast into the inner space of the plate-shaped comb formed in the mold. In the cast molding slurry, the gelling agent is polymerized to form a three-dimensional crosslinked structure. As a result, the cast molding slurry is cured, and a plate-shaped comb-shaped ceramic molded body is obtained.

The obtained plate-shaped comb-shaped ceramic molded body is fired at an appropriate temperature in an appropriate atmosphere. As a result, a ceramic substrate used as each of the ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 is obtained. The ceramic substrate used as each of the ceramic substrate 220 and each of the ceramic substrate 221 may be produced by processing a plate-shaped ceramic substrate.

2.5 Preparation of each ceramic substrate by the doctor blade method In the production of the ceramic substrate used as each of the ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 by the doctor blade method, a molding slurry is applied on the carrier film. As a result, a coating film is obtained.

The obtained coating film is cured. As a result, a tape-shaped ceramic molded product is obtained.

The obtained tape-shaped ceramic molded body is processed. As a result, a plate-shaped comb-shaped ceramic molded body can be obtained.

The obtained plate-shaped comb-shaped ceramic molded body is fired at an appropriate temperature in an appropriate atmosphere. As a result, a ceramic substrate used as each of the ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 is obtained. The ceramic substrate used as each of the ceramic substrate 220 and each of the ceramic substrate 221 may be produced by processing a plate-shaped ceramic substrate.

2.6 Fixation of nanoparticles In the fixation of nanoparticles 211, a dispersed slurry is prepared. The dispersed slurry prepared is the same as the dispersed slurry prepared in the immobilization of nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

Each of the produced ceramic substrates 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 is immersed in the prepared dispersion slurry. As a result, dip coating is performed, the prepared slurry comes into contact with both main surfaces and end faces of each ceramic substrate 220 and both main faces and end faces of each ceramic substrate 221, and nanoparticles 211 are both main surfaces of each ceramic substrate 220. It adheres to the faces and end faces and both main faces and end faces of each ceramic substrate 221.

Each ceramic substrate 220 having nanoparticles 211 attached to both main surfaces and end faces and each ceramic substrate 221 having nanoparticles 211 attached to both main surfaces and end faces are subjected to a dry heat treatment. As a result, the nanoparticles 211 are bonded to both main surfaces and end faces of each ceramic substrate 220 and both main surfaces and end faces of each ceramic substrate 221 by an inorganic binder, and the nanoparticles shown in FIGS. Each ceramic substrate 220 and each ceramic substrate 221 to which the 211 is bonded are manufactured.

2.7 Preparation of base material by extrusion molding The base material 210, which is a combination of a plurality of ceramic substrates 220 and a plurality of ceramic substrates 221s, is replaced with a base material which is an integral body having the same shape as the base material 210. May be done.

In the preparation of the base material which is an integral body, a cup is prepared. The cup is prepared by adding a dispersion medium and an organic binder to the aggregate and kneading. The cup may contain components other than aggregate, dispersion medium and organic binder. For example, the cup soil may contain a surfactant, a plasticizer, and the like.

The aggregate is a powder of a ceramic material that constitutes an integral base material.

The prepared cup soil is extruded through a mouthpiece having holes having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the base material which is an integral body. As a result, a shape having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the base material which is an integral body can be obtained.

The obtained shape is dried.

The dried shape is cut to have a predetermined length. As a result, a molded product is obtained.

The obtained molded product is fired at a temperature corresponding to the composition of the aggregate material and the cup soil over a period of time according to the composition of the aggregate material and the cup soil. For example, the resulting molded product is fired at 1000 to 1600 ° C. for 0.1 to 3 hours. As a result, a base material which is a sintered body and is an integral body is produced.

3 Third Embodiment 3.1 Configuration of Fluid Heating Member The third embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the fluid heating member of the first embodiment and the fluid heating member of the third embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is a parallel plate-like structure, whereas the third embodiment is a parallel plate-like structure. In the embodiment, the base material is a honeycomb-shaped structure.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the third embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

The schematic view of FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the third embodiment.

The fluid heating member 300 illustrated in FIG. 7 includes a substrate 310 and a large number of nanoparticles 311.

A plurality of hexagonal columnar holes 320 are formed in the base material 310. The plurality of hexagonal columnar holes 320 are densely arranged. As a result, a base material 310 which is a honeycomb-like structure in which a plurality of hexagonal columnar holes 320 are formed is obtained, and the inner wall 330 of each hole 320 and the base material 310 which are each of the plurality of hexagonal columnar holes 320 can be obtained. The outer peripheral surface 331 and the end surface 332 of the base material 310 become surfaces with which fluid can come into contact.

The base material 310 has translucency. The ceramic material constituting the base material 310 is the same as the ceramic material constituting each ceramic substrate 120 of the first embodiment.

The nanoparticles 311 are dispersed and fixed on the inner wall 330 of each hole 320, the outer peripheral surface 331 of the base material 310, and the end surface 332 of the base material 310. The compound constituting the nanoparticles 311 is the same as the compound constituting the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

3.2 Fluid heating When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 300, the fluid heating member 300 is placed in the fluid, and the inner wall 330 of each hole 320, the outer peripheral surface 331 of the base material 310, and the end face of the base material 310 are placed. The fluid is brought into contact with the 332. Further, the fluid heating member 300 is irradiated with sunlight. Since the base material 310 has translucency, the irradiated sunlight reaches all of the inner wall 330, the outer peripheral surface 331 and the end surface 332, and reaches the nanoparticles 311 fixed to the inner wall 330, the outer peripheral surface 331 and the end surface 332. .. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 311 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 311 and converted into heat. The heat is transferred directly from the nanoparticles 311 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 300 of the third embodiment, heat is directly transferred to the fluid from the nanoparticles 311 that efficiently absorb sunlight as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 300 of the third embodiment, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the treatment of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 311 and the primary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 311 and 2 A process for exchanging heat with the next fluid, a process for preventing the outflow of nanoparticles 311, and the like are not required, and a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 300 of the third embodiment, as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, sunlight is absorbed also in the central portion of the fluid heating member 300, and the sunlight is converted into heat. Higher efficiency.

In addition, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, when the base material 310 has a high thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 300 of the third embodiment, heat is uniformly transferred to the entire fluid and heating is performed. It becomes easy to manufacture the finished fluid.

3.3 Manufacture of fluid heating member FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the third embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 300, the base material 310 is produced in the step S301 illustrated in FIG.

Subsequently, in step S302, the nanoparticles 311 are dispersed and fixed on the inner wall 330 of each hole 320, the outer peripheral surface 331 of the base material 310, and the end surface 332 of the base material 310. As a result, the fluid heating member 300 shown in FIG. 7 is manufactured.

3.4 Preparation of base material by extrusion molding In the preparation of the base material 310, a cup is prepared. The cups prepared are similar to the cups prepared in the preparation of the substrate which is the integral of the second embodiment.

The prepared cup is extruded through a mouthpiece having holes having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the base material 310. As a result, a shaped object having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the base material 310 can be obtained.

The obtained shape is dried.

The dried shape is cut to have a predetermined length. As a result, a molded product is obtained.

The obtained molded product is fired at a temperature corresponding to the composition of the aggregate material and the cup soil over a period of time according to the composition of the aggregate material and the cup soil. For example, the resulting molded product is fired at 1000 to 1600 ° C. for 0.1 to 3 hours. As a result, the base material 310 which is a sintered body is produced.

4 Fourth Embodiment The fourth embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment and the fluid heating member of the fourth embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is a parallel flat plate-like structure, whereas the first embodiment is a parallel plate-like structure. 4 In the embodiment, the base material is a lattice-like structure.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the fourth embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

The schematic view of FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member 400 of the fourth embodiment.

The fluid heating member 400 illustrated in FIG. 9 includes a substrate 410 and a large number of nanoparticles 411.

The base material 410 includes a cylinder 420 and a grid 421. The lattice 421 is arranged in a columnar space 430 formed in the cylinder 420, and divides the space 430 into a plurality of columnar holes 440. As a result, the base material 410 which is a lattice-like structure in which a plurality of columnar holes 440 are formed is obtained, and the inner wall 450 of each hole 440 which is each of the plurality of columnar holes 440 and the outer peripheral surface of the base material 410 are obtained. The end faces 452 of the 451 and the substrate 410 are surfaces with which the fluid can come into contact.

The fluid heating member 400 of the fourth embodiment is manufactured in the same manner as the fluid heating member 300 of the third embodiment except that the shape of the base material 410 is different.

5 Fifth Embodiment The fifth embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment and the fluid heating member of the fifth embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is a parallel flat plate-like structure. In the fifth embodiment, the base material is a lattice-like structure.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the fifth embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

The schematic view of FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the fifth embodiment.

The fluid heating member 500 illustrated in FIG. 10 includes a substrate 510 and a large number of nanoparticles 511.

The base material 510 includes a square tube 520 and a grid 521. The lattice 521 is arranged in the prismatic space 530 formed in the square cylinder 520, and divides the prismatic space 530 into a plurality of columnar holes 540. As a result, the base material 510 which is a lattice-like structure in which a plurality of columnar holes 540 are formed is obtained, and the inner wall 550 of each hole 540 and the outer peripheral surface of the base material 510 which are each of the plurality of columnar holes 540 are obtained. The end faces 552 of the 551 and the substrate 510 become surfaces with which the fluid can come into contact.

The fluid heating member 500 of the fifth embodiment is manufactured in the same manner as the fluid heating member 300 of the third embodiment except that the shape of the base material is different.

6 Sixth Embodiment 6.1 Configuration of fluid heating member The sixth embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the first embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is made of a dense body, and the surfaces 140, 141 and 142 of the base material 110 are surfaces to which a fluid can come into contact. The nanoparticles 111 are fixed to the surfaces 140, 141 and 142 of the base material 110, whereas in the sixth embodiment, the base material is made of a porous body, and the inner surface of the pores of the base material and the surface of the base material The outer surface becomes a surface that the fluid can come into contact with, and the nanoparticles are fixed to the inner surface of the pores of the base material.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the sixth embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the microstructure of the fluid heating member of the sixth embodiment.

The fluid heating member 600 illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12 includes a substrate 610 and a large number of nanoparticles 611.

The base material 610 has a three-dimensional lattice shape. The base material 610 is made of a porous body as shown in FIG. Therefore, the base material 610 has pores 620 as a space through which the fluid can enter, and the inner surface 630 and the outer surface 631 of the pores of the base material 610 are surfaces on which the fluid can come into contact.

The base material 610 has translucency. The ceramic material constituting the base material 610 is preferably alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia or silica, and more preferably zirconia or silica having a low thermal conductivity. The ceramic material constituting the base material 610 may be a solid solution or a composite of two or more kinds of ceramic materials selected from alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia and silica. For example, the ceramic material constituting the base material 610 may be a solid solution of zirconia and silica having high corrosion resistance. The base material 610 preferably has high hydrophilicity. This improves the ability of the substrate 610 to retain water when the fluid to be heated is water. The base material 610 may be composed of a ceramic material other than the ceramic material exemplified by the base material 610. The base material 610 made of a ceramic material may be replaced with a base material made of a material other than the ceramic material. For example, the base material 610 made of a ceramic material may be replaced with a base material made of glass, quartz or the like.

The nanoparticles 611 are dispersed and fixed on the inner surface 630 of the pores surrounding the pores 620. The nanoparticles 611 may be immobilized on the outer surface 631 exposed to the outside of the substrate 610 in addition to the inner surface 630 of the pores. The compound constituting the nanoparticles 611 is the same as the compound constituting the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

6.2 Heating the fluid When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 600, the fluid heating member 600 is placed in the fluid and the fluid is brought into contact with the pore inner surface 630 and the outer surface 631 of the base material 610. Further, the fluid heating member 600 is irradiated with sunlight. Since the base material 610 is translucent, the irradiated sunlight reaches the pore inner surface 630 and reaches the nanoparticles 611 fixed to the pore inner surface 630. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 611 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 611 and converted into heat. The heat is transferred directly from the nanoparticles 611 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 600 of the sixth embodiment, heat is directly transferred to the fluid from the nanoparticles 611 that efficiently absorb sunlight as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 600 of the sixth embodiment, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the treatment of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 611, the primary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 611, and 2 A process for exchanging heat with the next fluid, a process for preventing the outflow of nanoparticles 611, and the like are not required, and a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 600 of the sixth embodiment, as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, sunlight is absorbed also in the central portion of the fluid heating member 600, and the sunlight is converted into heat. Higher efficiency.

In addition, when the base material 610 has a low thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 600 of the sixth embodiment, heat can be locally transferred to the fluid to produce a gas generated by evaporating the liquid. It will be easier.

6.3 Manufacture of Fluid Heating Member FIG. 8 is also a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the sixth embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 600, the base material 610 is produced in the step S601 shown in FIG.

Subsequently, in step S602, the nanoparticles 611 are dispersed and fixed on the inner surface 630 of the pores of the base material 610. As a result, the fluid heating member 600 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is manufactured.

6.4 Preparation of base material In the preparation of the base material 610, a molding slurry is prepared. The molding slurry to be prepared is the same as the molding slurry prepared in the production of each ceramic substrate 120 by the gel casting method of the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating the urethane foam used in the production of the base material of the sixth embodiment.

The urethane foam 640 shown in FIG. 13 is processed in advance so as to have a three-dimensional structure, and has a shape corresponding to the shape of the base material 610.

The prepared molding slurry is impregnated with urethane foam 640.

The urethane foam 640 impregnated with the molding slurry is squeezed to the extent that the impregnated molding slurry does not block the holes formed in the urethane foam 640. As a result, excess molding slurry is removed.

The urethane foam 640 from which the excess molding slurry has been removed is left on a fixing jig at a temperature of room temperature to 40 ° C. for several hours to several tens of hours. While the urethane foam 640 is left to stand, the gelling agent polymerizes in the molding slurry to form a three-dimensional crosslinked structure. As a result, the molding slurry impregnated in the urethane foam 640 gels and hardens, and a composite of the urethane foam 640 and the ceramic molded product is obtained.

The resulting complex is heat treated at about 500 ° C. As a result, the urethane foam 640 is removed, and a ceramic molded product is obtained.

The obtained ceramic molded product is fired at 800 ° C. to 1500 ° C. As a result, the ceramic particles constituting the ceramic molded body are sintered to form a strong skeleton, and a base material 610 having a three-dimensional shape reflecting the three-dimensional shape of the urethane foam 640 is produced.

6.5 Fixation of nanoparticles In the fixation of nanoparticles 611, a dispersed slurry is prepared. The dispersed slurry is the same as the dispersed slurry prepared in the fixation of the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

Vacuum degassing or heating of the dispersed slurry is performed in a state where the prepared base material 610 is immersed in the prepared dispersed slurry and the prepared base material 610 is immersed in the prepared dispersed slurry. As a result, air is expelled from the pores 620, the prepared slurry penetrates into the pores 620, and the nanoparticles 611 adhere to the inner surface of the pores 630.

The base material 610 having nanoparticles 611 attached to the inner surface of the pores 630 is subjected to a dry heat treatment. As a result, the nanoparticles 611 are bound to the inner surface 630 of the pores by an inorganic binder, and the fluid heating member 600 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is produced.

7 Seventh Embodiment 7.1 Configuration of fluid heating member The seventh embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the first embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is made of a dense body, and the surfaces 140, 141 and 142 of the base material 110 are surfaces to which a fluid can come into contact. The nanoparticles 111 are fixed to the surfaces 140, 141 and 142 of the base material 110, whereas in the seventh embodiment, the base material is made of a porous body, and the inner surface of the pores of the base material and the surface of the base material The outer surface becomes the surface with which the fluid comes into contact, and the nanoparticles are fixed to the inner surface of the pores of the base material.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the seventh embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 12 is also a cross-sectional view illustrating the microstructure of the fluid heating member of the seventh embodiment.

The fluid heating member 700 illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 12 comprises a substrate 710 and a large number of nanoparticles 711.

The base material 710 is in the form of a bulk. The base material 710 is made of a porous body as shown in FIG. Therefore, the base material 710 has pores 720 inside which are spaces for the fluid to enter, and the inner surface 730 and the outer surface 731 of the pores of the base material 710 are surfaces on which the fluid can come into contact.

The base material 710 has translucency. The ceramic material constituting the base material 710 is the same as the ceramic material constituting the base material 610 of the sixth embodiment.

The nanoparticles 711 are dispersed and fixed on the inner surface 730 of the pores surrounding the pores 720. Nanoparticles 711 may be immobilized on the outer surface 731 in addition to the inner surface 730 of the pores. The compound constituting the nanoparticles 711 is the same as the compound constituting the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

7.2 Heating the fluid When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 700, the fluid heating member 700 is placed in the fluid and the fluid is brought into contact with the pore inner surface 730 of the base material 710. Further, the fluid heating member 700 is irradiated with sunlight. Since the base material 710 has translucency, the irradiated sunlight reaches the pore inner surface 730 and reaches the nanoparticles 711 fixed on the pore inner surface 730. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 711 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 711 and converted into heat. The heat is transferred directly from the nanoparticles 711 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 700 of the seventh embodiment, heat is directly transferred to the fluid from the nanoparticles 711 that efficiently absorb sunlight as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 700 of the seventh embodiment, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the treatment of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 711, the primary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 711, and 2 A process for exchanging heat with the next fluid, a process for preventing the outflow of nanoparticles 711, and the like are not required, and a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 700 of the seventh embodiment, as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, sunlight is absorbed also in the central portion of the fluid heating member 700, and the sunlight is converted into heat. Higher efficiency.

In addition, when the base material 710 has a low thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 700 of the seventh embodiment, heat can be locally transferred to the fluid to produce a gas generated by evaporating the liquid. It will be easier.

7.3 Manufacture of fluid heating member FIG. 8 is also a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the seventh embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 700, the base material 710 is produced in the step S701 illustrated in FIG.

Subsequently, in step S702, the nanoparticles 711 are dispersed and fixed on the inner surface 730 of the pores of the base material 710. The fixation of the nanoparticles 711 is performed in the same manner as the fixation of the nanoparticles 611 of the sixth embodiment. As a result, the fluid heating member 700 shown in FIGS. 14 and 12 is manufactured.

7.4 Preparation of base material In the preparation of the base material 710, a cup is prepared. The cup is prepared by adding a dispersion medium and an organic binder to the aggregate and kneading. The cup may contain components other than aggregate, dispersion medium and organic binder. For example, the cup soil may contain a surfactant, a plasticizer, a pore-forming agent, and the like. The pore-forming agent is added when it is desired to obtain a base material 710 having a high porosity, and disappears during firing to form pores.

The aggregate is a powder of a ceramic material constituting the base material 710.

The prepared cup soil is extruded through a mouthpiece having holes having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the base material 710. As a result, a shaped object having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the base material 710 can be obtained.

The obtained shape is dried.

The dried shape is cut to have a predetermined length. As a result, a molded product is obtained.

The obtained molded product is fired at a temperature corresponding to the composition of the aggregate material and the cup soil over a period of time according to the composition of the aggregate material and the cup soil. For example, the resulting molded product is fired at 1000 to 1600 ° C. for 0.1 to 3 hours. As a result, the base material 710, which is a sintered body, is produced.

8 Eighth embodiment 8.1 Configuration of fluid heating member The eighth embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the first embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is made of a dense body, the base material 110 has translucency, and the surface 140 of the base material 110, The 141 and 142 are surfaces to which the fluid can come into contact, and the nanoparticles 111 are fixed to the surfaces 140, 141 and 142 of the base material 110, whereas in the eighth embodiment, the base material is a porous body. The base material does not have to be translucent, and the inner and outer surfaces of the pores of the base material become surfaces with which fluid can come into contact, and nanoparticles are fixed to the outer surface of the base material. At the point.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the eighth embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

FIG. 11 is also a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the eighth embodiment. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the microstructure of the fluid heating member of the eighth embodiment.

The fluid heating member 800 illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 15 includes a substrate 810 and a large number of nanoparticles 811.

The base material 810 has a three-dimensional lattice shape. The base material 810 is made of a porous body as shown in FIG. Therefore, the base material 810 has pores 820 that are spaces for the fluid to enter, and the inner surface 830 and the outer surface 831 of the pores of the base material 810 are surfaces that the fluid can come into contact with.

The base material 810 does not have to have translucency. The ceramic material constituting the base material 810 is preferably mullite, cordierite, alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia or silica, and more preferably mullite or cordierite having a low thermal conductivity. The ceramic material constituting the base material 810 may be a solid solution or a composite of two or more kinds of ceramic materials selected from mullite, cordierite, alumina, aluminum nitride, zirconia and silica. The base material 810 preferably has high hydrophilicity. The base material 810 may be composed of a ceramic material other than the ceramic material exemplified by the base material 810. The base material 810 made of a ceramic material may be replaced with a base material made of a material other than the ceramic material. For example, the base material 810 made of a ceramic material may be replaced with a base material made of glass, quartz or the like.

The nanoparticles 811 are dispersed and fixed on the outer surface 831 of the base material 810. The compound constituting the nanoparticles 811 is the same as the compound constituting the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

8.2 Fluid heating When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 800, the fluid heating member 800 is placed in the fluid, and the fluid is brought into contact with the inner surface 830 and the outer surface 831 of the pores of the base material 810. Further, the fluid heating member 800 is irradiated with sunlight. Since the nanoparticles 811 are fixed to the outer surface 831, the irradiated sunlight reaches the nanoparticles 811. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 811 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 811 and converted into heat. The heat is transferred directly from the nanoparticles 811 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 800 of the eighth embodiment, as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, heat is directly transferred from the nanoparticles 811 that efficiently absorb sunlight to the fluid, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 800 of the eighth embodiment, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the treatment of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 811 and the primary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 811 and 2 A process for exchanging heat with the next fluid, a process for preventing the outflow of nanoparticles 811, and the like are not required, and a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, when the base material 810 has a low thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 800 of the eighth embodiment, heat is locally transferred to the fluid, and it is easy to produce a gas generated by evaporating the liquid. become.

8.3 Manufacture of Fluid Heating Member FIG. 8 is also a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the eighth embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 800, the base material 810 is produced in step S801. The base material 810 is produced in the same manner as the base material 610 of the sixth embodiment, except that it is not necessary to select a material having translucency.

Subsequently, in step S802, the nanoparticles 811 are dispersed and fixed on the outer surface 831 of the base material 810. As a result, the fluid heating member 800 shown in FIGS. 11 and 15 is manufactured.

8.4 Fixation of nanoparticles In the fixation of nanoparticles 811, a dispersed slurry is prepared. The dispersed slurry is the same as the dispersed slurry prepared in the fixation of the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment. Desirably, a thickener composed of a polymer compound such as polyvinyl alcohol is added to the dispersed slurry to thicken the dispersed slurry.

The prepared dispersion slurry is applied to the surface of the prepared base material 810. As a result, the prepared slurry comes into contact with the outer surface 831 of the base material 810, and the nanoparticles 811 adhere to the outer surface 831. The coating is performed by a spray coating method, a stamping method, a dipping coating method, or the like.

When the dispersed slurry is thickened, the invasion of the dispersed slurry into the pores 820 is suppressed, and the nanoparticles 811 are fixed only on the outer surface 831.

The base material 810 to which the nanoparticles 811 are attached to the outer surface 831 is subjected to a dry heat treatment. As a result, the nanoparticles 811 are bonded to the outer surface 831 by the inorganic binder, and the fluid heating member 800 shown in FIGS. 11 and 15 is produced.

9 Ninth Embodiment 9.1 Configuration of fluid heating member The ninth embodiment relates to a fluid heating member.

The main difference between the first embodiment and the ninth embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the base material 110 is made of a dense body, the base material 110 has translucency, and the surface 140 of the base material 110, The 141 and 142 are surfaces to which the fluid can come into contact, and the nanoparticles 111 are fixed to the surfaces 140, 141 and 142 of the base material 110, whereas in the ninth embodiment, the base material is a porous body. The base material does not have to be translucent, and the inner and outer surfaces of the pores of the base material become surfaces with which fluid can come into contact, and nanoparticles are fixed to the outer surface of the base material. At the point.

The configurations adopted in the other embodiments may be adopted in the ninth embodiment as long as the adoption of the configurations causing the above-mentioned main differences is not hindered.

FIG. 14 is also a perspective view illustrating the fluid heating member of the ninth embodiment. FIG. 15 is also a cross-sectional view illustrating the microstructure of the fluid heating member of the ninth embodiment.

The fluid heating member 900 illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15 comprises a substrate 910 and a large number of nanoparticles 911.

The base material 910 is in the form of a bulk. The base material 910 is made of a porous body as shown in FIG. Therefore, the base material 910 has pores 920 as a space through which the fluid can enter, and the inner surface 930 and the outer surface 931 of the pores of the base material 910 are surfaces on which the fluid can come into contact.

The base material 910 does not have to have translucency. The ceramic material constituting the base material 910 is the same as the ceramic material constituting the base material 810 of the eighth embodiment.

The nanoparticles 911 are dispersed and fixed on the outer surface 931 of the base material 910. The compound constituting the nanoparticles 911 is the same as the compound constituting the nanoparticles 111 of the first embodiment.

9.2 Heating the fluid When the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member 900, the fluid heating member 900 is placed in the fluid and the fluid is brought into contact with the inner surface 930 and the outer surface 931 of the pores of the base material 910. Further, the fluid heating member 900 is irradiated with sunlight. Since the nanoparticles 911 are fixed to the outer surface 931 exposed to the outside of the base material 910, the irradiated sunlight reaches the nanoparticles 911. The sunlight that reaches the nanoparticles 911 is absorbed by the nanoparticles 911 and converted into heat. The heat is transferred directly from the nanoparticles 911 to the fluid. This heats the fluid.

According to the fluid heating member 900 of the ninth embodiment, heat is directly transferred to the fluid from the nanoparticles 911 that efficiently absorb sunlight as in the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, and the fluid is efficiently transferred. It is heated.

Further, according to the fluid heating member 900 of the ninth embodiment, similarly to the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment, the treatment of separating the fluid from the nanoparticles 911, the primary fluid heated by the nanoparticles 911, and 2 A process for exchanging heat with the next fluid, a process for preventing the outflow of nanoparticles 911, and the like are not required, and a heated fluid can be easily obtained.

Further, when the base material 910 has a low thermal conductivity in the fluid heating member 900 of the ninth embodiment, heat is locally transferred to the fluid, and it is easy to produce a gas generated by evaporating the liquid. become.

9.3 Manufacture of Fluid Heating Member FIG. 8 is also a flowchart illustrating a procedure for manufacturing the fluid heating member of the ninth embodiment.

In the production of the fluid heating member 900, the base material 910 is produced in step S901. The base material 910 is produced in the same manner as the base material 710 of the seventh embodiment, except that it is not necessary to select a material having translucency.

Subsequently, in step S902, the nanoparticles 911 are dispersed and fixed on the outer surface 931 of the base material 910. As a result, the fluid heating member 900 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is manufactured. The fixation of the nanoparticles 911 is carried out in the same manner as the fixation of the nanoparticles 811 of the eighth embodiment.

10 10th Embodiment The 10th embodiment relates to a hot water production apparatus.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view illustrating the hot water production apparatus of the tenth embodiment.

The hot water production apparatus 1000 illustrated in FIG. 16 includes a fluid heating member 1010 and a recovery mechanism 1011. The hot water producing apparatus 1000 is installed outdoors so that sunlight irradiates the fluid heating member 1010, and is used for producing hot water.

The fluid heating member 1010 is any one of the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 from the first embodiment to the ninth embodiment, and preferably from the first embodiment. It is any one of the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 up to the fifth embodiment, and more preferably the fluid heating member 100 of the first embodiment. Since the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 are suitable for heating a large amount of fluid as compared with the fluid heating members 600, 700, 800 and 900, they are suitably used in the hot water production apparatus 1000. Will be done.

The recovery mechanism 1011 recovers the hot water from the fluid heating member 1010 after the water is heated by the fluid heating member 1010 to become hot water.

The hot water production apparatus 1000 can also be diverted to the production of a heated fluid other than hot water.

11 11th Embodiment The 11th embodiment relates to a molten salt production apparatus.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view illustrating the molten salt production apparatus of the eleventh embodiment.

The molten salt production apparatus 1100 illustrated in FIG. 17 includes a fluid heating member 1110, a recovery mechanism 1111 and a condenser 1112. The molten salt production apparatus 1100 is installed outdoors so that the condenser 1112 is irradiated with sunlight, and is used for producing the molten salt.

The fluid heating member 1110 is any one of the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 from the first embodiment to the ninth embodiment, and is preferably one of the first to ninth embodiments. Any of the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 up to the fifth embodiment, and more preferably any of the fluid heating members 200, 300, 400 and 500 of the second to fifth embodiments. Is. The fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 are suitable for heating a large amount of fluid as compared with the fluid heating members 600, 700, 800 and 900, and are therefore suitable for the molten salt production apparatus 1100. Will be adopted.

The recovery mechanism 1111 recovers the heated molten salt from the fluid heating member 1110 after the molten salt is heated by the fluid heating member 1110 to become the heated molten salt. The heated molten salt is used for power generation, hydrogen production, and the like.

The condenser 1112 collects sunlight on the fluid heating member 1110.

The molten salt production apparatus 1100 can also be diverted to the production of a heated fluid other than the heated molten salt.

12 12th Embodiment The 12th embodiment relates to a steam production apparatus.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view illustrating the steam production apparatus of the twelfth embodiment.

The steam production apparatus 1200 illustrated in FIG. 18 includes a fluid heating member 1210 and a recovery mechanism 1211. The steam production apparatus 1200 is installed so that the fluid heating member 1210 is immersed in seawater 1220.

The fluid heating member 1210 is any one of the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 from the first embodiment to the ninth embodiment, and is preferably the sixth to sixth embodiments. 9 Any of the fluid heating members 600, 700, 800 and 900 up to the ninth embodiment. The fluid heating members 600, 700, 800 and 900 are suitable for use in heating the fluid to a higher temperature than the fluid heating members 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500, and are therefore suitable for the steam production apparatus 1200. Will be adopted.

The recovery mechanism 1211 recovers water vapor generated by heating and evaporating seawater by the fluid heating member 1210 from the fluid heating member 1210. The recovered steam is used to obtain freshwater 1221 from seawater 1120.

The steam production apparatus 1200 can also be diverted to the production of a gas from a fluid other than seawater 1220 and the production of a gas other than steam. The steam production apparatus 1200 can also be used for distillation, purification of contaminated water, and the like.

Although the present invention has been described in detail, the above description is exemplary in all aspects and the invention is not limited thereto. It is understood that innumerable variations not illustrated can be assumed without departing from the scope of the present invention.

100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900,1010,1110,1210 Fluid heating member 110,210,310,410,510,610,710,810,910 Base material 111,211,311 , 411,511,611,711,811,911 Nanoparticles 630,730,830,930 Inner surface of pores 631,731,831,931 Outer surface 1000 Hot water production equipment 1100 Molten salt production equipment 1200 Steam production equipment 1011,1111 , 1211 Recovery mechanism

Claims (7)

A fluid heating member for heating a fluid by transferring the heat converted from sunlight.
With a base material having a surface with which the fluid can come into contact,
At least selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, lanthanum boride, zirconium carbide and titanium boride, which are fixed to the surface so as to receive the sunlight. Nanoparticles consisting of one kind of compound and
A fluid heating member comprising. The base material is made of a compact body having translucency.
The surface includes a portion where the sunlight can reach through the base material.
The fluid heating member according to claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles are dispersed and fixed on the surface. The fluid heating member according to claim 2, wherein the surface further includes a portion that the sunlight can directly reach. The base material is made of a porous body that is translucent and has an inner surface of pores.
The surface includes the inner surface of the pores to allow the fluid to enter.
The fluid heating member according to claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles are dispersed and fixed on the inner surface of the pores. The base material is made of a porous body having an outer surface, and is composed of a porous body.
The surface includes the outer surface.
The fluid heating member according to claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles are dispersed and fixed on the outer surface. With any of the fluid heating members of claims 1 to 5,
A recovery mechanism that recovers the fluid from the fluid heating member after the fluid is heated by the fluid heating member.
A device for producing a heated fluid. With any of the fluid heating members of claims 1 to 5,
A recovery mechanism that recovers the gas generated by heating the fluid by the fluid heating member from the fluid heating member.
A device for producing a gas.

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