JP6830123B2 - Permeable structure - Google Patents

Description

According to the present invention, a water-permeable structure in which a gap between aggregates forming an aggregate acts as a water passage , particularly, the aggregate is loaded into a surrounding space of a metal edge frame to form the above-mentioned edge frame. It relates to a permeable structure which constitutes a permeable lid covering an upper opening of a drainage facility such as a water collecting basin in cooperation with .

Conventionally, a water-permeable structure using an aggregate such as gravel is known, and in this type of water-permeable structure, a gap between the aggregates forming an aggregate acts as a water passage. As a prior example of applying this type of permeable structure to pavement, a permeable pavement structure having a surface layer having water permeability has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the permeable pavement structure proposed by Patent Document 1, a filter layer, a water-retaining roadbed layer, and a surface layer are laminated in this order on the roadbed. On the other hand, in the field of drainage facilities, a lid is installed in a drainage ditch such as a catchment basin or a gutter so as to cover the upper opening thereof. Metal and plastic lids are often used for this type of lid, and these lids have slit-shaped, round-hole-shaped, and grid-shaped water passage holes (for example, patents). Refer to Documents 2 to 5).

By the way, recently, measures to enhance the scenery of various places such as city streets, residential areas, outdoor parking spaces, and parks have been widely implemented, and the field of pavement and outdoor drainage facilities in streets and various outdoor spaces has been widely implemented. There is an increasing momentum to take similar measures in Japan.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-229707 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-45959 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-299752 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-196158 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-307484

However, in the permeable pavement structure proposed by Patent Document 1, no measures have been taken to enhance the surrounding landscape by giving the permeable pavement structure itself a decorative property.

Further, since the lid body proposed by Patent Documents 2 to 5 exhibits drainage through water passage holes having a relatively large opening area such as a slit shape, a round hole shape, and a lattice shape, the water passage holes are exhibited. When the water is blocked by leaves or dust, the drainage performance may be extremely deteriorated, and in some cases, drainage may become impossible. In addition, there is a danger that shoe heels and stroller wheels may get caught in the water passage holes, and pests, rats, and mosquitoes may invade the inside of the water collecting basin and side grooves from the water passage holes, or from the water passage holes. such as invading mosquitoes there is a possibility that or bred like mosquito larvae within the catchment basins and gutters. Further, even in the lids proposed by Patent Documents 2 to 5, no measures have been taken to enhance the surrounding landscape by giving the lid itself decorativeness.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it exhibits decorativeness as well as having water permeability in which the gaps between the aggregates forming the aggregate act as water passages. A permeable structure that has a function and is useful for enhancing the landscape , in particular, by loading the above-mentioned aggregate into the surrounding space of the metal rim frame, drainage such as a water collecting basin cooperates with the above-mentioned rim frame. It is an object of the present invention to provide a permeable structure constituting a permeable lid covering an upper opening of a facility .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a water permeable structure applied to a water permeable lid having both water permeability and decorativeness.

In the permeable structure according to the present invention, the gap between the aggregates forming the aggregate acts as a water passage , and the aggregate is loaded into the surrounding space of the metal edge frame. A permeable structure that cooperates with the rim frame to form a permeable lid that covers the upper opening of a drainage facility such as a water collecting basin, and the aggregate is the main part of the permeable structure. It is divided into a base layer that forms the base layer and a surface layer that is constructed on the upper side of the base layer and covers the surface of the base layer. The aggregate of the surface layer is made of dry gravel, which is a natural stone, and the surface layer and the above. Each aggregate of the base layer is hardened with an epoxy resin binder mixed with ceramic fibers or glass fibers, and the edge frame is provided with a metal outer frame and a plurality of main bars fixed to the outer frame. That is, the base layer of the aggregate is anchored to this main bar .

In the permeable structure having this structure, gravel, crushed stone, fine sand, etc. can be appropriately selected and used as the aggregate, and in the aggregate of the aggregate, the gap between the aggregates acts as a water passage. And demonstrate high drainage performance. The strength required for the permeable structure is mainly exerted by the base layer forming the main portion thereof. In addition, since dry gravel, which is a natural stone used for the aggregate of the surface layer, naturally has various color tones depending on the type, the aggregate of the surface layer exhibits high decorativeness.

Further, in the water-permeable structure having this structure, since the aggregates of the surface layer and the base layer are hardened with an epoxy resin binder mixed with ceramic fibers or glass fibers, the bones forming the aggregate are formed. Epoxy resin binders mixed with ceramic fibers or glass fibers are interposed between the materials to form a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure and fix the aggregates, and a wide gap is formed between the aggregates. Not only will higher drainage performance be exhibited, but the shape of the aggregate will also be less likely to collapse.

In the water-permeable structure according to the present invention, it is desirable that the surface layer thickness is 10 mm or less. The aggregate used for the surface layer is dry gravel, which is a relatively expensive natural stone, and the main purpose of use is to enhance the decorativeness, so the amount of aggregate used for the surface layer should be minimized. desirable. From this point of view, a surface layer thickness of 10 mm is sufficient, and by doing so, it becomes easy to reduce the cost of the water-permeable structure. This effect is also exhibited when the particle size of the aggregate on the surface layer is smaller than the particle size of the aggregate on the base layer.

The permeable structure described above is applied to a permeable lid for a drainage facility that covers an upper opening of the drainage facility such as a water collecting basin or a gutter .

Therefore, in the permeable lid to which the permeable structure is applied , not only the high drainage performance and decorativeness which are the characteristics of the permeable structure are exhibited, but also the permeable lid is described above. It does not have a water passage hole with a relatively large opening area such as a slit shape, a round hole shape, a lattice shape, etc. as seen in the previous example, and a water passage is formed by the gap between the aggregates. Permeability is not easily obstructed by dust, there is no danger of the heel of shoes or wheels of a stroller getting caught, and pests, rats, mosquitoes, etc. are prevented from entering the inside of the side groove and the catchment basin. Become.

As described above, the water-permeable structure according to the present invention is applied to a water-permeable lid and exhibits high water permeability and decorativeness. In addition, the required strength is mainly exerted by the base layer, and the decorativeness is exerted by the surface layer.

Further, the water-permeable lid to which the water-permeable structure according to the present invention is applied is less likely to be impaired in drainage performance by leaves and dust, and there is no risk of pinching the heel of shoes or the wheels of a stroller, and pests and rats. , It has the effect of preventing mosquitoes from invading the inside of gutters and catchment basins.

It is the schematic sectional drawing of the permeable structure adopted for the permeable pavement structure as a reference example . It is explanatory drawing of the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure formed by the aggregate hardened with the resin binder mixed with the inorganic fiber. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the embodiment of the permeable structure applied to the permeable lid body of a water collecting basin . It is explanatory drawing which illustrated the cross-sectional structure of the water-permeable lid body. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the embodiment of the permeable structure applied to the permeable lid body of a gutter .

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the permeable structure 10 used in the permeable pavement structure as a reference example . The permeable structure 10 shown in the figure is an aggregate of aggregates having a base layer 20 and a surface layer 30. Gravel, crushed stone, fine sand, etc. can be appropriately selected and used for the aggregate forming the aggregate. In the water-permeable structure 10, the gaps between the aggregates forming the aggregate act as water passages to exhibit high drainage performance. Further, the base layer 20 of the aggregate forms the main part of the permeable structure 10, and the base layer 20 bears the strength required for the permeable structure 10. On the other hand, the surface layer 30 of the aggregate exhibits the decorativeness required for the water-permeable structure 10.

In the permeable structure 10 shown in FIG. 1, dry gravel, which is a natural stone, is used as the aggregate of the surface layer 30. Dry gravel, which is a natural stone, is also called natural cosmetic gravel and is also used in the fields of landscaping and gardening. This kind of dry gravel is known to have various names depending on the quarrying area. Specific examples include amber, Ise rust, Kibi, golden, Awaji gravel, Saruto, Nishiki, Nanbu, Jinhua, Shinonome, Hanamizuki, Guilin, Yamato Sakura, Beni coral, Dainagon, Ivory, Setouchi, Anji, Ya, Kurotama gravel. , Awaji, Mihama, Oiso, Aomi, Aotama gravel, etc. are known. Each of these dried gravel has a surface texture such as a unique color tone and luster, and exhibits high decorativeness not only when several types are mixed and used individually, but also when used individually.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 21 indicates the aggregate of the base layer 20, and reference numeral 31 indicates the aggregate of the surface layer 30. The particle size of the aggregate 31 of the surface layer 30 is aligned to about 5 mm, and the particle size (average particle size) is smaller than that of the aggregate 21 of the base layer 20. Further, in the water-permeable structure 10 of the embodiment, the layer thickness of the surface layer 30 is 10 mm or less. This is because the aggregate 31 used for the surface layer 30 is made of dry gravel, which is a relatively expensive natural stone, and the main purpose of use is to enhance the decorativeness. Therefore, the amount of the aggregate 31 used for the surface layer 30 is required. Minimizing it helps to reduce the cost of the water-permeable structure 10, and in order to give the water-permeable structure 10 decorativeness, the surface layer 30 may have a layer thickness of 10 mm. Is enough.

In the water-permeable structure 10 of the embodiment, the aggregates 31 and 21 of the surface layer 30 and the base layer 20 are solidified with a resin binder mixed with inorganic fibers.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure formed by an aggregate solidified with a resin binder 40 mixed with inorganic fibers. When the aggregates 31 and 21 are hardened with a resin binder mixed with inorganic fibers as shown in the figure, a wide gap S is formed between the aggregates 21 and 31 so that high drainage performance can be exhibited. Not only that, the shape of the aggregate of the base layer 20 and the surface layer 30 is less likely to collapse. It has been found that this action is remarkably exhibited by adopting ceramic fiber or glass fiber as the inorganic fiber and using an epoxy resin binder as the resin binder.

The permeable structure 10 described above is not limited to the permeable pavement structure of FIG. 1 described as a reference example, and can be easily applied to a permeable lid for drainage equipment that covers an upper opening of the drainage equipment such as a gutter. Can be done. As shown in FIG. 1, in the permeable pavement structure according to the reference example, the above-mentioned permeable structure 10 is constructed on the rainwater retention layer 60 made of a crusher run laminated on the roadbed (soil layer) 50. Has been done. The crusher run that forms the rainwater retention layer 60 is mainly used for making lower roadbeds in general pavement structures, and although crushed stones are the mainstream, it is made by reusing waste concrete. It may be done. In the permeable pavement structure shown in FIG. 1, the layer thickness of the rainwater retention layer 60 is set to about 100 mm, but the layer thickness of the rainwater retention layer 60 is arbitrarily and appropriately determined in consideration of various conditions. Be done. Further, the appropriate layer thickness of the base layer 20 of the water permeable structure 10 is 20 to 30 mm in the sidewalk portion and 40 to 50 mm in the roadway portion. Further, the layer thickness of the surface layer 30 is appropriately about 10 mm for both the sidewalk portion and the roadway portion.

The water-permeable structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a stone-coated structure in which the base layer 20 is covered with a surface layer 30 that exhibits decorativeness, and the surface layer 30 is constructed after the base layer 20 is constructed. It is constructed in the form of a two-layer structure.

According to the reference example shown in FIG. 1, during rainfall, rainwater passes through the surface layer 30 and the base layer 20 in this order to reach the rainwater retention layer 60, and then permeates the roadbed 50. In this case, the rainwater retention layer 60 plays a role of suppressing the overflow of rainwater to the surface layer 30 by retaining the rainwater until it permeates the roadbed 50. Further, in this water-permeable pavement structure, when an aggregate 31 having a particle size of about 5 mm is used for the surface layer 30, the unevenness appearing on the road surface (surface of the surface layer 30) becomes inconspicuous, and the above-mentioned decorativeness is obtained. Not only does it work well and the surrounding landscape is significantly enhanced, but it also helps reduce noise and vibration when driving and parking the car, and also makes it harder for the tires and people's feet to slip, especially when walking. It also helps reduce physical fatigue.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the permeable structure 10 applied to the permeable lid 70 of the water collecting basin , and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view illustrating a cross-sectional structure of the permeable lid 70. As is well known, catchment basins are installed in places where the slope of the canal changes to receive water flowing from the gutters on the side of the road or in the rain gutters of houses, or where you want to join the canals, and mud and dust in the canal. It is a drainage facility that acts as a mud pool and garbage pool so that it does not get clogged. This type of catchment basin has an upper opening, and the water permeable lid 70 is attached to and detached from the lid receiving frame provided around the upper opening.

The water- permeable lid 70 to which the water-permeable structure 10 is applied has a metal edge frame 71 such as stainless steel, and the water-permeable structure described with reference to FIG. 1 is provided in the surrounding space of the edge frame 71. Body 10 is loaded. When the water-permeable lid 70 is manufactured, as a first step, a mixture of a resin binder mixed with inorganic fibers and an aggregate 21 is poured into the surrounding space of the edge frame 71 to form a base layer 20, and then a first step is made. As two steps, a surface layer 30 is formed and solidified by pouring a mixture of a resin binder mixed with inorganic fibers and an aggregate 31 onto the solidified base layer 20. When the first and second steps are performed, the aggregate 31 of the surface layer 30 made of dry gravel, which is a natural stone, sinks into the base layer 20, and the aggregate 21 of the base layer 20 becomes the surface layer 30. There is no inconvenience such as the aggregate 21 of the base layer 20 being mixed with the aggregate 31 of the surface layer 30 or the surface layer 30 becoming uneven due to floating inside, so there is an advantage that the surface layer 30 can be finished neatly. is there. The shape of the water-permeable lid 70 may be a rectangle as shown in the figure, or another rectangle, an oblong square, a circle, or the like, and the shape matching the shape of the lid receiving frame of the other party's water collecting basin may be used. Be selected.

In the water-permeable lid 70 shown in FIG. 4, the edge frame 71 includes an outer frame 72 made of metal such as stainless steel, and a plurality of main bars 73 fixed to the outer frame 72, and the edge frame 71 is provided. The base layer 20 of the permeable structure 10 loaded in the surrounding space of the above is anchored to the main bar 73. Needless to say, the configuration of the edge frame 71 is not limited to the case shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of a water permeable structure applied to a water permeable lid of a gutter used for drainage equipment . The water-permeable lid 80 has a metal edge frame 81, and the water-permeable structure 10 described with reference to FIG. 1 is loaded in the surrounding space of the edge frame 81. As is well known, a gutter is a small waterway provided at the side end of a road, which is useful for draining the road surface. The above-mentioned catchment basin is provided in this gutter at an appropriate interval. The basic configuration of the water-permeable lid 80 is the same as that of the water-permeable lid 70 of the water collecting basin described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, but the shape is long because the use is an elongated gutter. It is formed in a quadrangle. The water-permeable lid 80 is mounted vertically or horizontally on the lid receiving frame of the upper opening of the gutter.

The permeable lids 70 and 80 described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5 exhibit high drainage performance and decorativeness, which are the characteristics of the permeable structure 10 described above, and thus exhibit urban streets and residential areas. It helps to enhance the landscape of various places such as the ground, outdoor parking spaces, and parks. In addition to exhibiting both water permeability and decorativeness, the water permeable lids 70 and 80 do not have large water passage holes, and water passages are formed by gaps between aggregates. , Water permeability is not easily obstructed by leaves and dust, there is no danger of the heel of shoes and wheels of a stroller getting caught, and pests, rats, mosquitoes, etc. are prevented from invading the inside of the side groove and the catchment basin. Will be.

10 Water permeable structure 20 Base layer 21, 31 Aggregate forming aggregate 30 Surface layer 40 Resin binder mixed with inorganic fibers 60 Rainwater retention layer 70, 80 Water permeable lid 71, 81 Edge frame
71 Outer frame
73 Main bar S gap (gap between aggregates)

Claims (1)

The inter-gap between the aggregates forming the aggregate acts as a water passage , and the aggregate is loaded into the surrounding space of the metal rim frame to collect water in cooperation with the rim frame. It is a permeable structure that constitutes a permeable lid that covers the upper opening of drainage facilities such as basins .
The aggregate is divided into a base layer forming the main part of the water-permeable structure and a surface layer constructed on the upper side of the base layer and covering the surface of the base layer, and the aggregate of the surface layer is formed. It is made of dry gravel, which is a natural stone, and the aggregates of the surface layer and the base layer are hardened with an epoxy resin binder mixed with ceramic fibers or glass fibers.
The layer thickness of the surface layer is 10 mm or less,
The particle size of the aggregate on the surface layer is smaller than the particle size of the aggregate on the base layer, and is aligned to about 5 mm.
The rim frame comprises a metal outer frame and a plurality of main bars fixed to the outer frame, and the base layer of the aggregate is anchored to the main bar. Sexual structure.

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