JP6802253B2 - インバータの動作方法、インバータおよび光起電力システム - Google Patents
インバータの動作方法、インバータおよび光起電力システム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Description
||(|UPV+|−|UPV−|)t=t1|−|(|UPV+|−|UPV−|)t=t2||>USchwell
2 PV発電機
3 インバータ
4 コントローラ
5 モニタリング手段
6 通信手段
7 通信手段
8 記憶装置
9 制御手段
10 変圧器
11 ACグリッド
12 接地電位
13 AC側切断素子
14 AC側フィルタ
15 DC電圧ライン
16 DC電圧ライン
17 DC電圧入力
18 AC電圧出力
PV+ PV発電機の正極
PV− PV発電機の負極
UPV+ 接地電位に対するPV発電機の正極の電位
UPV− 接地電位に対するPV発電機の負極の電位
UPV 中間回路電圧
トップ 上側半導体スイッチ
ボトム 下側半導体スイッチ
t1、t2 時間
USchwell 閾値
G1 直線
G2 直線
G3 直線
G4 直線
Claims (12)
- DC電圧入力(17)がPV発電機(2)の正極(PV+)および負極(PV−)に接続され、かつ、AC電圧出力(18)が変圧器(10)を介してACグリッド(11)に接続されているインバータ(3)の動作方法において、以下のステップ、すなわち、
・モニタリング手段(5)によって、接地電位(12)に対する前記PV発電機(2)の前記正極および前記負極の電位(UPV+、UPV−)を測定するステップと、
・先に測定された前記電位(UPV+、UPV−)に基づいて、AC側に配置されたPVシステムの構成部品にかかる、接地に対する電圧ストレスを低減するように、前記インバータ(3)の記憶装置(8)に記憶された複数の変調法から、前記インバータ(3)の電力スイッチを制御するための変調法を選択するステップと、
・前記選択された変調法を用いて、DC入力電圧をAC出力電圧に変換する目的で、前記電力スイッチを制御するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、接地に対する前記正極の前記電位の絶対値(|UPV+|)が、接地に対する前記負極の前記電位の絶対値(|UPV−|)と比較されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項2に記載の方法において、接地に対する前記正極の前記電位の前記絶対値(|UPV+|)が、接地に対する前記負極の前記電位の前記絶対値(|UPV−|)よりも小さい場合には、第1の変調法が選択され、また、接地に対する前記正極の前記電位の前記絶対値(|UPV+|)が、接地に対する前記負極の前記電位の前記絶対値(|UPV−|)よりも大きい場合には、第2の変調法が選択されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3に記載の方法において、前記第1の変調法がDPWMMAX変調法であり、かつ、前記第2の変調法がDPWMMIN変調法であることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の方法において、モニタリング手段(5)によって接地電位(12)に対する前記PV発電機(2)の前記正極および前記負極の前記電位(UPV+、UPV−)を測定するステップ、および、先に測定された前記電位(UPV+、UPV−)に基づいて、前記インバータ(3)の前記記憶装置(8)に記憶された前記複数の変調法から、前記インバータ(3)の前記電力スイッチを制御するための前記変調法を選択するステップが、前記インバータ(3)が前記ACグリッド(11)に接続される前に実行されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の方法において、モニタリング手段(5)によって接地電位(12)に対する前記PV発電機(2)の前記正極および前記負極の前記電位(UPV+、UPV−)を測定するステップ、および、先に測定された前記電位(UPV+、UPV−)に基づいて、前記インバータ(3)の前記記憶装置(8)に記憶された前記複数の変調法から、前記インバータ(3)の前記電力スイッチを制御するための前記変調法を選択するステップが、前記インバータ(3)が前記ACグリッド(11)に接続されている間に実行されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載の方法において、前記方法が1日に数回実行されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載の方法において、前記インバータ(3)の前記記憶装置(8)に記憶された前記変調法が、DPWMMAX法および/またはDPWMMIN法を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1乃至8の何れか1項に記載の方法において、先の第1の時間t1において選択された前記変調法から別の変調法への変更が、t1と、t2との間の差が最小の期間△tminよりも大きい場合にのみ、時間t2において実行されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1乃至9の何れか1項に記載の方法において、第1の時間t1において選択された前記変調法から別の変調法への変更が、第2の時間t2における接地に対する前記正極の前記電位の前記絶対値と、前記負極の前記電位の前記絶対値との差(|UPV+|−|UPV−|)が、符号に関して、前記先の第1の時間t1において測定された差とは異なり、かつ、前記時間t1および前記時間t2における接地に対する前記正極の前記電位の前記絶対値と、前記負極の前記電位の前記絶対値との前記差の絶対値が、閾値(USchwell)よりも大きい場合に実行されることを特徴とする方法。
- PV発電機(2)と、正極(PV+)および負極(PV−)を介して前記PV発電機(2)に接続されたインバータ(3)とを備えるPVシステム(1)において、
前記PVシステム(1)が、変圧器(10)を備えるとともに、前記変圧器を介してAC電圧グリッド(11)に接続され、
前記PVシステム(1)が、接地電位(12)に対する前記PV発電機(2)の前記正極および前記負極の電位(UPV+、UPV−)を測定するためのモニタリング手段(5)を備え、
前記インバータ(3)が、少なくとも2つの異なる変調法を実行するための情報を記憶するための記憶装置(8)を備えることを特徴とし、
DC入力電圧をAC出力電圧に変換する目的で、電力スイッチおよびこれらの電力スイッチを制御するための手段(9)と、
前記モニタリング手段(5)と通信するための手段であり、かつ、接地電位(12)に対する先に測定された前記正極および前記負極の前記電位(UPV+、UPV−)に基づいて、前記インバータ(3)の前記記憶装置(8)に記憶された前記変調法から、前記インバータ(3)の電力スイッチを制御するための変調法を選択するための手段(7)を備えるコントローラ(4)と
を備えることを特徴とするPVシステム(1)。 - 請求項1乃至10の何れか1項に記載の方法を実行するように構成されることを特徴とするインバータ(3)。
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DE102015111804.1 | 2015-07-21 | ||
DE102015111804.1A DE102015111804B3 (de) | 2015-07-21 | 2015-07-21 | Verfahren zum betrieb eines wechselrichters und wechselrichter, sowie photovoltaikanlage |
PCT/EP2016/066092 WO2017012882A1 (de) | 2015-07-21 | 2016-07-07 | Verfahren zum betrieb eines wechselrichters und wechselrichter, sowie photovoltaikanlage |
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EP (1) | EP3326283B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6802253B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107852109B (ja) |
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JP2001275259A (ja) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-05 | Canon Inc | 系統連系インバータおよび分散形発電システム |
JP4463963B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-29 | 2010-05-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | 系統連系装置 |
DE202006008936U1 (de) * | 2006-06-07 | 2006-08-17 | Sma Technologie Ag | Schaltung zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer von PV-Generatoren |
US8018748B2 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2011-09-13 | General Electric Company | Method and system to convert direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) using a photovoltaic inverter |
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DK176983B1 (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-09-20 | Danfoss Solar Inverters As | Photovoltaic power plant |
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US10778005B2 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2020-09-15 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Photovoltaic power plant |
DE102010060463B4 (de) * | 2010-11-09 | 2013-04-25 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Schaltungsanordnung zur Potentialeinstellung eines Photovoltaikgenerators und Photovoltaikanlage |
JP5734010B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-10 | 2015-06-10 | シャープ株式会社 | 電力変換装置およびその制御方法 |
DE102011051954B4 (de) | 2011-07-19 | 2013-08-14 | Refusol Gmbh | Photovoltaikanlage mit Vorspannung am Wechselrichter |
US8422249B2 (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-04-16 | Direct Grid Technologies, LLC | Apparatus for a microinverter particularly suited for use in solar power installations |
CN203071827U (zh) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-07-17 | Abb公司 | 用于太阳能电池组件和太阳能电站的逆变器 |
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US9209626B2 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-12-08 | Renewable Power Conversion, Inc. | Parallelable three-phase photovoltaic power converter |
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EP3326283A1 (de) | 2018-05-30 |
WO2017012882A1 (de) | 2017-01-26 |
EP3326283B1 (de) | 2023-08-30 |
CN107852109B (zh) | 2020-08-11 |
DE102015111804B3 (de) | 2016-12-15 |
US10097107B2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
EP3326283C0 (de) | 2023-08-30 |
CN107852109A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
JP2018520631A (ja) | 2018-07-26 |
US20180145610A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
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