JP6801998B2 - Wheel structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wheel structure, and more particularly to a wheel structure in consideration of a small overlap collision.

Conventionally, the safety against an offset collision in which the vehicle partially collides with an obstacle has been improved. Particularly in recent years, among offset collisions, there is a demand for improved safety against so-called small overlap collisions in which an obstacle collides with the outer end of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a vehicle structure in consideration of a small overlap collision. In this vehicle structure, a long behavior control member is arranged between the front bumper and the front wheels in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The base end of the behavior control member is supported by the frame of the vehicle body, and the tip extends from the base end toward the outside front in the vehicle width direction. When a collision load acts on the behavior control member via the front bumper during a small overlap collision, the tip of the behavior control member rotates backward with the base end as a fulcrum, and the front end of the front wheel is in the vehicle width direction. Contact from the outside. As a result, the front wheel of the front wheel moves so that the front end faces the inside in the vehicle width direction and the rear end faces the outside in the vehicle width direction, thereby preventing the rear end of the wheel from entering the cabin (vehicle interior). There is.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-223892

However, the vehicle structure of Patent Document 1 has a structure that only changes the direction of the wheel at the time of a collision, and absorbs the collision load on the wheel of the wheel and high-rigidity parts such as a brake device arranged in the wheel. Crash zone is not secured.

Therefore, when the collision load is high, there is a problem that high-rigidity parts such as wheels and brake devices enter the vehicle interior without being destroyed, and the obstacle value received by the occupants in the front seats increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wheel structure capable of reducing an obstacle value received by an occupant in a small overlap collision.

In order to achieve the above object, the wheel structure according to claim 1 includes a disc-shaped brake rotor arranged inside the wheel and rotating together with the wheel, and a caliper for applying a braking force to the brake rotor. in wheels structure, the brake rotor is located in the central portion of the brake rotor, a cylindrical fixing portion fixed to the wheel, spreading radially outward of the fixing part from the fixed part, from the front of the vehicle The caliper includes a disc portion that separates from the fixed portion when a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied, and the caliper includes a caliper body that supports a pair of pads capable of sandwiching the disc portion. It is characterized in that a dividing portion that divides when the collision load is applied via the disc portion is provided at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the disc portion.

According to this configuration, when a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied from the front of the vehicle due to a small overlap collision, the fixed portion and the disc portion of the brake rotor can be separated to absorb the collision load. Further, the collision load can be further absorbed by applying the collision load to the divided portion of the caliper through the separated disc portion and dividing the divided portion.

Further, when the caliper is divided, a part of the caliper falls off and a space is formed in the wheel, so that a crash zone of the wheel can be secured. Further, after the caliper is divided, the disc portion collides with the rear end portion of the wheel to deform the wheel, which also makes it possible to absorb the collision load. In this way, by destroying high-rigidity parts such as wheels and braking devices at the time of a small overlap collision, the collision load can be absorbed in a plurality of stages, and the obstacle value received by the occupant can be accurately reduced.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the wheel structure according to claim 1, the disc portion and the fixing portion are made of separate parts.

According to this configuration, when a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied from the front of the vehicle, the disc portion and the fixed portion can be separated more accurately and reliably.

The invention according to claim 3 is provided on the caliper in the wheel structure according to claim 1 or 2, and is located between the divided portion and the disc portion in the installed state in the divided portion. It is characterized by having a wedge-shaped breaking member that tapers toward it.

According to this configuration, when a collision load acts and the disc portion of the brake rotor is separated from the fixed portion, the disc portion hits the divided portion of the caliper via the breaking member. At this time, since the wedge-shaped tip of the breaking member hits the caliper dividing portion, the caliper is divided more accurately and reliably.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, in the wheel structure according to claim 3, the dividing portion is formed so as to divide in the opposite direction of the pair of pads, and the breaking member is the pair. It is characterized in that it is press-fitted and fixed between the caliper bodies facing each other in the opposite direction of the pads.

According to this configuration, when the caliper is divided by the collision load, the breaking member is separated from the caliper, and the breaking member can be applied to the wheel together with the disc portion. When the wedge-shaped breaking member hits the wheel, the amount of breaking of the wheel can be increased.

According to the wheel structure according to the present invention, the impact load can be effectively absorbed while suppressing the load of a complicated structure, and the obstacle value received by the occupant in the case of a small overlap collision can be reduced.

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view in front of a vehicle for explaining an outline of a wheel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Cross-sectional view of the main part of the left front wheel. Perspective view showing the brake rotor and caliper. An enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing the state of the left front wheel during a collision. An enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing the state of the left front wheel during a collision. Sectional drawing which shows the state of the left front wheel after a collision.

Hereinafter, the wheel structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. The wheel structure 10 of the present invention is applied to the left and right front wheels 11 and 12 of the vehicle. In the following example, only the left front wheel 11 is described, but the right front wheel 12 is configured symmetrically.

FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of the front of the vehicle for explaining the outline of the wheel structure 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the left front wheel 11. The left and right front wheels 11 and 12 are outside of the pair of left and right side members 13a and 13b located in front of the vehicle body in the vehicle width direction, and the pair of left and right side sills extending in the vehicle front-rear direction behind the side members 13a and 13b. It is arranged in front of 14a and 14b. At the front ends of the side sills 14a and 14b, a toe board 15 forming a front surface of the cabin 16 serving as a vehicle interior is arranged. The wheel structure 10 includes a wheel 20, a disk-shaped brake rotor 30, a caliper 40, and a breaking member 50 provided on the caliper 40.

The wheel 20 has a wheel center portion 21, a rim portion 22 on which the tire T is mounted, and a spoke portion 23 that connects the wheel center portion 21 and the rim portion 22. The brake rotor 30 and the caliper 40 are arranged inside the rim portion 22 to form a brake device. The wheel center portion 21 is fixed to the hub 62 connected to the end portion of the drive shaft 60 by using a plurality of bolts and nuts.

The drive shaft 60 and the hub 62 are rotatably supported around the axis by the hub housing (knuckle) 64 on the vehicle body side via the bearing 61. Further, the fixing portion 32 of the brake rotor 30, which will be described later, is fixed to the bearing 61 by using a plurality of bolts and nuts. The drive shaft 60, power of the engine is transmitted through the transmission, the drive shaft 60 is rotated, the driving force is transmitted through the hub 62, brake rotor 30 rotates together with the wheel 20.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the brake rotor 30 includes a fixing portion 32 for the wheel 20 and a disc portion 34 extending in the radial direction from the fixing portion 32. The fixing portion 32 and the disc portion 34 are composed of separate parts, and are connected and fixed by the mounting member 36.

The fixing portion 32 includes a disk-shaped center portion 32a, a cylindrical tubular portion 32b erected from the peripheral edge of the center portion 32a, and an annular flange portion 32c extending radially outward from the tip of the tubular portion 32b. And have. The disk portion 34 is formed in an annular shape so as to extend radially outward from the flange portion 32c of the fixing portion 32. Both side surfaces of the disc portion 34 form friction sliding surfaces 34a and 34b to which a pair of pads 42a and 42b, which will be described later, abut. The inner peripheral edge portion 34c of the disk portion 34 is formed to be thinner than the portion extending radially outward. The disk portion 34 is connected to and fixed to the flange portion 32c of the fixing portion 32 by using the mounting member 36 at the inner peripheral edge portion 34c.

The mounting member 36 is made of a material or a fixing force so that the fixing portion 32 and the disc portion 34 are separated from each other when a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied from the front of the vehicle in a state where the brake rotor 30 is installed in the vehicle. Is set. In the present embodiment, bolts and nuts are used as the mounting member 36, but the mounting member 36 is not limited to this, and when the fixing portion 32 and the disc portion 34 can be fixed and a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied. In addition, as long as these can be separated, for example, rivets or the like may be used.

The caliper 40 is arranged on the rear side of the vehicle with respect to the rotation axis of the wheel 20 in the installed state. The caliper 40 includes a pair of pads 42a and 42b capable of sandwiching the disc portion 34, and a caliper body 43 that supports the pair of pads 42a and 42b. The caliper body 43 is made of metal such as cast iron, and is configured to be installed so as to straddle the friction sliding surfaces 34a and 34b of the disc portion 34a. The caliper body 43 includes an inner portion 45 located inside the brake rotor 30 in the vehicle width direction, an outer portion 46 located outside the brake rotor 30 in the vehicle width direction, and an inner portion 45 straddling the brake rotor 30 in the installed state. It has a bridge portion (divided portion) 47 that connects the outer portion 46, and the inner portion 45 is fixed to the hub housing 64.

The inner portion 45 has a cylinder portion 44 in which the piston 44a is arranged. The piston 44a is configured to be slidable in the cylinder portion 44 in the axial direction of the brake rotor 30. One pad 42a is arranged between the piston 44a and one sliding friction surface 34a of the brake rotor 30, and the other pad 42a is arranged between the outer portion 46 and the other sliding friction surface 34b of the brake rotor 30. Pad 42b is arranged.

The cylinder portion 44 is connected to a hydraulic pressure supply source such as a master cylinder (not shown) via a port 44b formed at the bottom portion. When the cylinder unit 4 4 the working oil is supplied presses the piston 44a pad 42a to the disk portion 34, the caliper body 43, the reaction force of the pressing force of the piston 44a in the opposite direction to the pressing direction of the piston 44a It moves and presses the pad 42b against the disc 34. As a result, the brake rotor 30 is sandwiched between the pads 42a and 42b, and braking force is applied to the brake rotor 30.

The bridge portion 47 is arranged at a position facing the outer peripheral surface 34d of the disk portion 34 in the installed state. The bridge portion 47 has a pair of bridge portions 47 when the disc portion 34 is separated from the fixed portion 32 by a collision load equal to or higher than a predetermined value from the front of the vehicle and hits the bridge portion 47 behind the vehicle of the disc portion 34. The shape and rigidity are set so as to be divided in the opposite directions (that is, the inner portion 45 side and the outer portion 46 side) of the pads 42a and 42b. In the present embodiment, the bridge portion 47 is formed into a thin sheet shape having thickness than the inner portion 45 and outer portion 46 adjacent the collision load to the bridge portion 47 the disc 34 via a breaking member 50 When it hits, the bridge portion 47 is set to be divided.

The breaking member 50 is a wedge-shaped member and is located between the outer peripheral surface 34d of the disk portion 34 and the bridge portion 47 in the installed state. The breaking member 50 has a base portion 51 fixed to the caliper 40 and a wedge portion 52 protruding from the base portion 51.

The base portion 51 is a plate-shaped portion extending in an arc shape along the bridge portion 47 so as to face the bridge portion 47. The base portion 51 is press-fitted and fixed between the inner portion 45 and the outer portion 46 of the caliper body 43 facing each other in the opposite direction of the pair of pads 42a and 42b.

The wedge portion 52 is a wedge-shaped portion that protrudes from the base portion 51 toward the bridge portion 47 side and is formed tapered toward the bridge portion 47. The wedge portion 52 may be arranged so as to face at least a part of the bridge portion 47, and is preferably formed so as to face the entire area of the bridge portion 47 extending in the circumferential direction of the disk portion 34. Further, the breaking member 50 is preferably formed of a metal material having a higher rigidity than the bridge portion 47. In the illustrated example, the tip of the wedge portion 52 is formed with a gap between the wedge portion 52 and the bridge portion 47 so as to be non-contact, but may be in contact with the bridge portion 47. The bridge portion 47 may have a shape in which a groove corresponding to the tip shape of the wedge portion 52 is provided on the surface facing the tip of the wedge portion 52.

Next, the action of the wheel structure 10 described above at the time of a small overlap collision will be described.

When a small overlap collision occurs in which an obstacle W collides with the outer left end of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction shown in FIG. 1 while the vehicle is moving forward, a collision load F is input from the front of the vehicle at the outer end of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction, and the vehicle body The front is crushed to the rear side of the vehicle. When the front end portion (end portion on the front side of the vehicle) 20a of the wheel 20 is crushed by the collision and a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied to the front end portion of the brake rotor 30, the left front wheel 11 is in the state before the collision shown in FIG. The state changes to the state shown in FIG. 4, the mounting member 36 is broken, the disc portion 34 of the brake rotor 30 is separated from the fixed portion 32, and the outer peripheral surface 34d of the disc portion 34 is a breaking member provided on the caliper 40. It hits 50. The breaking member 50 moves to the rear of the vehicle while being pressed by the disc portion 34 by the collision load, and the wedge portion 52 hits the bridge portion 47 of the caliper 40. Then, the bridge portion 47 is divided into an inner portion 45 side and an outer portion 46 side with the portion where the wedge portion 52 abuts as a substantially center of fracture due to the collision load acting via the disc portion 34 and the breaking member 50. To. At this time, the wedge portion 52 plays the role of a chisel that divides the bridge portion 47 by the collision load from the front of the vehicle, and the caliper 40 is accurately and reliably divided.

By dividing the bridge portion 47, as shown in FIG. 5, the breaking member 50 is separated from the caliper 40, moves further to the rear of the vehicle together with the disc portion 34, and hits the rear end portion of the wheel 20. Further, when the outer portion 46 of the caliper 40 and the pad 42b fall off from the vehicle due to the division of the bridge portion 47, a space S is formed in this region.

As shown in FIG. 6, the rear end portion of the wheel 20 is destroyed by the collision load transmitted via the disc portion 34 and the breaking member 50. Further, in the wheel 20, the rear rim portion 22 and the spoke portion 23 are largely destroyed by securing the crash zone by the space S.

By deforming and destroying the brake rotor 30, the caliper 40, and the wheel 20 in this way, the energy due to the collision can be largely absorbed in front of the cabin. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent high-rigidity parts such as the wheel 20 from entering the cabin without being destroyed, and to reduce the obstacle value received by the occupant.

Specifically, first, when a collision load of a predetermined value or more is applied from the front of the vehicle due to a small overlap collision, the fixed portion 32 and the disc portion 34 of the brake rotor 30 are separated to absorb the collision load. Can be done. After that, the collision load can be absorbed by applying the collision load to the bridge portion 47 of the caliper 40 via the separated disc portion 34 and the breaking member 50 to divide the bridge portion 47.

Further, after the caliper 40 is divided, the disc portion 34 and the breaking member 50 collide with the rear end portion of the wheel 20 to deform and break the wheel 20, whereby the collision load can be absorbed. Further, due to the chiseling action of the breaking member 50, the amount of breaking of the wheel 20 can be increased to prevent the wheel 20 from entering the cabin. Further, the division of the caliper 40 can prevent the outer portion 46 of the caliper 40 from invading the cabin, and the crash zone of the wheel 20 is secured, so that the amount of destruction of the wheel 20 is further increased. Can be done. By destroying the high-rigidity parts such as the wheel 20 and the brake device in a plurality of stages in this way, a large absorption of the collision load can be achieved, and the obstacle value received by the occupant can be accurately reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the fixed portion 32 and the disc portion 34 are separate parts, but the fixed portion 32 and the disc portion 34 having a friction sliding surface are integrally formed, and a predetermined value from the front of the vehicle is formed. The structure may be separated by a collision load equal to or higher than the value.

10 Wheel structure 20 Wheel 22 Rim part 30 Brake rotor 32 Fixed part 34 Disc part 34d Outer surface of disc part 40 Caliper 42a, 42b Pad 43 Caliper body 45 Inner part 46 Outer part 47 Bridge part (divided part)
50 Destruction member 51 Base 52 Wedge

Claims (4)

In a wheel structure including a disk-shaped brake rotor arranged inside the wheel and rotating together with the wheel, and a caliper that applies braking force to the brake rotor.
The brake rotor is located at the center of the brake rotor , and has a cylindrical fixing portion fixed to the wheel and a collision extending from the fixing portion to the radial outside of the fixing portion and colliding with a predetermined value or more from the front of the vehicle. It is provided with a disk portion that separates from the fixed portion when a load is applied.
The caliper includes a caliper body that supports a pair of pads capable of sandwiching the disc portion.
The wheel structure is characterized in that the caliper body is provided with a dividing portion that divides when the collision load is applied via the disc portion at a position facing the outer peripheral surface of the disc portion. The wheel structure according to claim 1, wherein the disc portion and the fixing portion are made of separate parts. According to claim 1 or 2, the caliper is provided with a wedge-shaped breaking member which is located between the divided portion and the disc portion and tapers toward the divided portion in the installed state. The described wheel structure. The dividing portion is formed so as to divide the pair of pads in the opposite direction.
The wheel structure according to claim 3, wherein the breaking member is press-fitted and fixed between the caliper bodies facing each other in the facing direction of the pair of pads.

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