JP6771921B2 - Planting system and irrigation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a planting system and an irrigation method having a irrigation control function in a planting device such as an air purification type wall surface greening system or a device for cultivating vegetables in a factory.

Conventionally, there is an irrigation timer as an irrigation control technique for planting and the like. The irrigation timer is a timer that can set the irrigation start time, the irrigation time, and the like. These include a 24-hour timer that repeats the same thing every day, a weekly / annual timer that repeats on a weekly / yearly basis, and the like.

In addition, there is a type that irrigates only when the soil is dry in combination with a soil moisture sensor, and a type that irrigates only when there is no rainfall for a certain period of time in combination with a rain sensor.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-173653 JP-A-2015-100133 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-057569 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-345768 Japanese Patent No. 4544491 Japanese Patent No. 4437451

When the conventional technique is mounted on an air purification type wall surface greening system, the following problems occur. In the air purification type wall surface greening system, it is necessary to diligently change the amount of ventilation to the soil layer (purification layer) according to the pollution of the indoor air, which causes the following problems.
1. 1. Since the air volume is not constant, if the irrigation start time and irrigation time are constant, there is a possibility of over-humidity and over-drying.
2. When lightweight soil is used for the soil layer, the detected value may fluctuate depending on the location of the soil moisture sensor.
In addition, the detection value of the soil moisture sensor may fluctuate due to uneven mixing of lightweight soil.
3. 3. For the above reasons, it is necessary to install a plurality of sensors, which increases the cost.
4. Depending on the type of sensor, the detected value fluctuates depending on the amount of solute, so the detected value may fluctuate with long-term use.
5. Since the soil moisture sensor is in contact with moisture, it has a short life, and it is difficult to tell whether the accuracy has decreased due to the life.

An object of the present invention is to provide a planting system and an irrigation method that can perform appropriate irrigation to suppress over-humidity and over-drying, do not require a soil moisture sensor, and do not need to consider the accuracy and life of the sensors. Is.

The planting system of the present invention is forced on a plant growth base (4) on which a plant (3) is planted, an irrigation device (5) for irrigating the plant growth base (4), and the plant growth base (4). A planting device (1) having a fan (6) for ventilating the plant and an irrigation control device (22) for controlling the irrigation device (5) in the planting device (1).
The irrigation control device (22) controls the irrigation amount according to the aeration amount of the plant growth base (4) by the fan (6).
This irrigation control device (22)
The relationship between the air volume classified at the stage of the ventilation strength at which the plant growth base (4) is ventilated by the fan (6) and the score given when ventilation is performed for a unit time at the classified air volume is set. The ventilation amount recognition means (25), which adds the points according to the air volume during ventilation, and the ventilation amount recognition means (25).
When the points added by the aeration amount recognizing means (25) reach the set cumulative points, the irrigation device (5) is made to irrigate a certain amount, and the irrigation amount corresponding to the aeration amount resets the added points. It has a control means (26).

In a planting system that ventilates the plant growth base (4), the largest factor of drying of the plant growth base (4) is ventilation. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of irrigation is controlled according to the amount of air flow of the plant growth base (4). Therefore, appropriate irrigation that suppresses over-humidity and over-drying can be performed. In addition, since irrigation is performed according to the amount of ventilation, a soil moisture sensor is not required. Therefore, the sensor fee is not required, the cost can be reduced, and it is not necessary to consider the installation space and accuracy of the sensor. Furthermore, since the soil moisture sensor, which is in constant contact with moisture and has a short life, is not used, it is not necessary to consider the life and replacement of the sensor.

Explaining the reference proposal example , the irrigation control device (22) sets the amount of irrigation performed at one time to a constant amount, and controls the interval of irrigation from the previous time to the present time to increase the amount of irrigation according to the aeration amount. Control may be performed.
When the amount of irrigation performed at one time is a constant amount, it is easy to control the irrigation. In addition, it is possible to avoid an excessive amount of irrigation performed at one time.

Explaining another reference proposal example , in the irrigation control device (22), the time for irrigating each time is set, and by controlling the amount of irrigation performed at one time, the irrigation amount according to the aeration amount. May be controlled. The time for irrigation is not limited to the time in one day, and may be set in weekly units or the like.
The pump (13) and the like of the irrigation device (5) may generate noise, but if the control is such that the time for irrigation is constant, irrigation can be performed at a time when the pump noise does not matter. Further, the irrigation device can be operated according to the operating time of the ventilation fan (6), and the irrigation device can be operated when the fan (6) cannot be operated at the same time.

Further, to explain another reference proposal example, the interval at which each irrigation is performed may be constant, and the amount of irrigation performed at one time may be controlled. Further, in addition to each of the above control methods, a control method may be adopted in which both the amount of irrigation performed at one time and the time or interval of irrigation are changed according to the amount of ventilation.

In the present invention, the irrigation amount control means (26) corresponding to the aeration amount of the irrigation control device (22) is a stop irrigation control unit that irrigates a predetermined irrigation amount even if the aeration amount is zero. (26a) may be possessed .
When the aeration is not performed, the amount of evaporation of the plant growth base (4) is small, but as long as the plant is planted, the plant absorbs the water necessary for growth, so that evaporation is also performed and the plant gradually dries. Therefore, even if the aeration amount is zero, it is preferable to irrigate the plant to some extent in terms of plant growth.
In the present invention, the aeration amount-corresponding irrigation amount control means (26) of the irrigation control device (22) uses the ambient environment sensor (30) to obtain the basic irrigation amount by the aeration amount-corresponding irrigation amount control means (26). Even if it has an ambient environment-friendly irrigation amount correction unit (26b) that changes the points to be added according to the temperature, humidity, and illuminance in the process of correcting with the predetermined environmental amount obtained from the above or integrating the ventilation amount. Good.

In the present invention, the planting apparatus (1) is greened by the plant (3) planted on the plant growth base (4), and the plant growth base (4) is forcibly ventilated by a fan (6). It may be an air purification greening device that purifies the air by performing the above.
When the plant growth base (4) is ventilated, the plant growth base (4) functions as a filter and air can be purified. As a planting system including a plant growth base (4) and a fan (6), an air purification and greening device is generally used, and in that case, the above-mentioned effects in the present invention are effectively exhibited.

The method for adjusting the irrigation of the planting device of the present invention is forcing the plant growth base (4) on which the plant (3) is planted, the irrigation device for irrigating the plant growth base (4), and the plant growth base (4). A method for adjusting irrigation of a planting device (1) for adjusting irrigation by the irrigation device (5) in a planting device (1) having a fan (6) for ventilating the plant.
The relationship between the air volume classified at the stage of the ventilation strength at which the plant growth base (4) is ventilated by the fan (6) and the score given when ventilation is performed for a unit time at the classified air volume is set. Then, while ventilating, the points according to the air volume are added.
When the added points reach the set cumulative points, the irrigation device is made to perform a certain amount of irrigation, and the added points are reset .

According to this irrigation adjustment method, as described for the planting system of the present invention, appropriate irrigation that suppresses over-humidity and over-drying can be performed, no soil moisture sensor is required, and the accuracy and life of the sensors are considered. You don't have to.

The planting system of the present invention includes a plant growth base on which plants are planted, a irrigation device for irrigating the plant growth base, and a planting device having a fan for forcibly ventilating the plant growth base, and the planting. The device includes an irrigation control device that controls the irrigation device, and the irrigation control device ventilates the plant growth base by the fan according to the air volume classified at the stage of the ventilation intensity and the classified air volume. The relationship with the points given when the unit time is performed is set, and the points added by the air flow recognition means and the air flow recognition means for adding the points according to the air volume during ventilation are set. Since the irrigation device is provided with a certain amount of irrigation when the set cumulative point is reached and the irrigation amount control means corresponding to the aeration amount is provided to reset the added points, it is appropriate to suppress overhumidity and overdrying. It can be irrigated and does not require a soil moisture sensor, so it is not necessary to consider the accuracy and life of the sensors.

The method for adjusting the irrigation of the planting device of the present invention is in a plant growing base on which a plant is planted, an irrigation device for irrigating the plant growing base, and a planting device having a fan for forcibly aerating the plant growing base. , A method for adjusting the irrigation of a planting device for adjusting the irrigation by the irrigation device, in which the ventilation is divided into the air volume classified at the stage of the ventilation intensity at which the fan ventilates the plant growth base and the divided air volume. The relationship with the points given when the time is passed is set, and the points are added according to the air volume during ventilation, and when the added points reach the set cumulative points, the irrigation device is constant. Since the amount of irrigation is performed and the added points are reset , appropriate irrigation that suppresses over-humidity and over-drying can be performed, and a soil moisture sensor is not required, so that the accuracy and life of the sensors do not need to be considered. ..

It is explanatory drawing which shows the sectional view of the planting apparatus in the planting system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the block diagram of the control system. It is a flow chart of the operation example of the planting system. It is explanatory drawing of an example of the control performed in the same flow chart. It is a flow chart of another operation example of the planting system which concerns on a reference proposal example . It is explanatory drawing of an example of the control performed in the same flow chart.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. This planting system is composed of a planting device 1 and an overall control device 2 that controls ventilation and irrigation of the planting device 1. The planting device 1 is an air purification and greening device such as an air purification type wall surface greening system.

The planting device 1 includes a plant growth base 4 such as a soil layer in which a plant 3 is planted on one side, an irrigation device 5 for irrigating the plant growth base 4, and a fan 6 for forcibly aerating the plant growth base 4. And. The plant growth base 4 is filled in a space in which the front and rear surfaces of the thin box-shaped case 7 having an open front surface are partitioned by mesh materials 8 and 9. The plant growth base 4 is divided into upper and lower parts by a base support material 10 made of a mesh material or the like that divides the inside of the case 7 into upper and lower parts. On the back surface of the plant growth base 4 in the case 7, a ventilation space 11 is formed between the mesh material 9 and the back plate portion 7a of the case 7.

The irrigation device 5 includes a tank 12, a water supply channel 14 that supplies water in the tank 12 to the upper part of the plant growth base 4 in the case 7 by a pump 13, and a drainage channel that guides the drainage of the plant growth base 4 to the tank 12. It is composed of 15 and a motor 16 for driving the pump 13. The irrigation device 5 may be a device for guiding water from the water supply to the plant growth base 4, and in that case, it is composed of a valve such as an on-off valve or a flow rate valve and a pipe. Further, it is preferable to provide a tank (not shown) for storing wastewater separately from the tank 12 for supplying irrigation water, because the component of water for irrigation does not change due to the mixing of wastewater.
The fan 6 is composed of a motor and a swivel blade, and constitutes a ventilation device 18 together with a duct 17 that ventilates the fan 6 to the ventilation space 11.

As the plant growth base 4, a breathable lightweight soil is used. Specifically, in addition to natural soil, various commonly distributed materials such as organic soil conditioners such as bark compost and inorganic soil conditioners such as pearlite are appropriately combined. Further, a porous substance such as activated carbon may be contained in the soil.

The overall control device 2 is composed of an information processing device such as a microcomputer, a program executed by the information processing device, an electronic circuit, and the like, and includes a ventilation control device 21 and an irrigation control device 22.

The ventilation control device 21 is a device that controls the fan 6, and includes a dirt-corresponding airflow control means 23 and a manual input-corresponding airflow control means 24. The dirt-corresponding airflow control means 23 and the manual input-corresponding airflow control means 24 are used by switching with a mode switch (not shown) or the like, or are always controlled by the dirt-corresponding airflow control means 23 and manually input. When there is an input of the means 29, the manual input may be prioritized and controlled by the manual input compatible air volume control means 24.
The dirt-corresponding airflow control means 23 is a means for controlling the airflow amount according to the degree of dirt detected by the dirt detection sensor 28, and controls the airflow strength such as on / off of the fan 6 and the rotation speed. The dirt detection sensor 28 is a sensor that detects air dirt in an environmental space such as a room where the planting device 1 is arranged.

The manual input compatible airflow control means 24 is a means for controlling the airflow amount in response to the input of the manual input means 29, and controls the airflow strength such as on / off of the fan 6 and the rotation speed. The manual input means 29 is composed of switches such as a dial switch, a keyboard, and a touch panel capable of inputting stepwise or continuous ventilation strength commands in addition to on / off.

The irrigation control device 22 is a means for controlling the irrigation amount, and controls the irrigation amount according to the aeration amount of the plant growth base 4 by the fan 6. The irrigation control device 22 has an aeration amount recognizing means 25 and an aeration amount corresponding irrigation means amount 26.
The airflow amount recognizing means 25 is a means for recognizing the airflow amount to the plant growth base 4 by the fan 6, for example, recognizing the airflow amount from the airflow command for driving the fan 6 of the airflow control device 21. The ventilation command is an on / off command and a ventilation strength command such as a rotation speed.

The irrigation amount control means 26 corresponding to the aeration amount is a means for controlling the drive of the pump 13 of the irrigation device 5 according to a predetermined rule according to the aeration amount recognized by the aeration amount recognition means 25.
According to the above-mentioned rule, for example, as will be described later together with FIGS. 2 and 3, the amount of irrigation performed at one time is set to a constant amount, and the interval of irrigation from the previous time to the present time is controlled to obtain the aeration amount. It is a rule for controlling the amount of irrigation according to it (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "first rule").
According to the defined rule, for example, as will be described later together with FIGS. 4 and 5, the time for each irrigation is set, and the amount of irrigation performed at one time is controlled according to the aeration amount. It may be a rule for controlling the amount of irrigation (hereinafter, may be referred to as a "second rule").

The aeration amount corresponding irrigation amount control means 26 has a stop irrigation control unit 26a and an ambient environment irrigation amount correction unit 26b, and is determined by the stop irrigation control unit 26a even if the aeration amount is zero. Have the irrigation amount irrigated.
The irrigation amount correction unit 26b corresponding to the surrounding environment is a means for correcting the basic irrigation amount by the irrigation amount control means 26 corresponding to the ventilation amount according to a predetermined environmental amount obtained from the ambient environment sensor 30. The "predetermined environmental amount" is, for example, temperature, humidity, illuminance, etc., and may be one of them, or any combination of two or three. The ambient environment sensor 30 may be of a plurality of types such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an illuminance sensor, or may be one, and FIG. 1 is represented by one. The irrigation amount correction unit 26b corresponding to the surrounding environment may change the counting points according to the temperature, humidity, and illuminance in the process of integrating the ventilation amount.

Next, the operation of the above configuration and a specific example of the configuration will be described.
FIG. 3 shows an image of irrigation performed according to the first rule. The horizontal axis shows the time (day), and the vertical axis shows the operating volume (ventilation volume (in other words, "ventilation air volume level")). In addition, the time indicated by diagonal lines in the day indicates operation, and the time indicated by halftone dots indicates stoppage.
The operating amount (ventilation amount) is changed by the operation, and when the operation (ventilation) reaches a certain integrated amount, a certain amount of irrigation is performed.

For example, in the example of the figure, since the movement was good on the first day, irrigation was performed twice during the operation time, and on the second day, the movement was slight, so that one irrigation was performed. Although it was stopped on the third day, the amount of operation was gradually added and irrigation was performed. The concept of the amount of operation when stopped will be described later.

The calculation method of this operation (ventilation) amount will be described. The air volume recognizing means 25 of FIG. 1 recognizes the air volume according to this calculation method.
Assuming that there are 5 stages of air volume (ventilation volume) 1 to 5 plus stop (air volume 0), for example, as shown in Table 1, set the unit time (in the example of the table, the points given when moving for 1 minute). I will do it. In addition, it is necessary to measure the amount of evaporation of the plant growth base 4 when each air volume is ventilated in advance.

表１の「１分動かした時の点数」については、任意の点数で良く、また１分毎でなくても、秒毎でも、また任意の単位時間毎で構わない。

Regarding the "scores when moving for 1 minute" in Table 1, any score may be used, and it may be not every minute, every second, or every unit time.

If you want to set the score as described above and set to perform 25 ml irrigation after 25 ml of evaporation per 1 L of the plant growth base 4, add the score as the integration of the aeration amount (step S1 in FIG. 2). A rule that determines whether or not the score has reached the set cumulative point (3600 points in this example) (step S2), and irrigates a certain amount (for example, 25 ml) when the score reaches the set cumulative point (step S3). To.

If you always want to move with an air volume of "5", you will be irrigated once with 3600/5 = 720 (minutes), that is, 12 hours of operation.
If you always want to move with an air volume of "2", you will be irrigated once with 3600/2 = 1800 (minutes), that is, 30 hours of operation.
Even if the air volume changes at any time according to the pollution of the indoor air, points are added to each air volume, and when the points are accumulated up to 3600 points, water is irrigated.

Here, the idea in the stopped state is that the amount of evaporation of the plant growth base 4 is small because the plant is not ventilated, but as long as the plant is planted, the plant absorbs the water necessary for growth. Evaporation is also carried out, and it gradually dries, although it is less affected by ventilation. Therefore, the stop irrigation control unit 26a is set so that the points are added even when the air is not ventilated. For example, even in the stopped state, water is irrigated when a certain amount of time (for example, 3600 / 0.2 = 18000 (minutes), that is, 12.5 days) has passed according to the passage of time since the previous irrigation. To do so.

Further, the irrigation amount control means 26 corresponding to the aeration amount resets the above points when irrigation is performed (step S4), and returns to step S1 for integrating the aeration amount.

Whether or not to score the ventilation in the irrigation water may be set according to the degree of influence of the irrigation time. For example, if the irrigation time is several minutes for several hours of operation, there is not much effect, and the operation for the next irrigation may be scored from the end of irrigation.

According to the planting system having this configuration, points are given according to the ventilation strength as described above, points are added to each, and water is irrigated when a certain number of points are accumulated, so that the following advantages can be obtained.
1. 1. Since irrigation can be performed according to the amount of ventilation, over-humidity and over-drying can be suppressed.
2. The required amount of irrigation can be estimated without using a soil moisture sensor.
3. 3. The cost for the soil moisture sensor is reduced.
4. Since the soil moisture sensor is not used, it is not necessary to consider the accuracy of this sensor.
5. Since the soil moisture sensor is not used, it is not necessary to consider the life and replacement of this sensor. 6. By measuring the ambient temperature and humidity together and taking these into consideration, the required amount of irrigation can be obtained more accurately, and that amount of irrigation can be performed.
7. By collecting data on installation cases and reflecting it in the amount of irrigation performed in response to the amount of ventilation indicated by the above points, irrigation can be performed more accurately.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show examples of reference proposals . In this embodiment, when the irrigation control means 26 corresponding to the aeration amount of FIG. 1 performs irrigation in an amount corresponding to the integrated value, the time for irrigating each time is determined, and the determination is made (step R2) and set. By controlling the amount of irrigation performed at one time when the time is reached (step R3), the amount of irrigation is controlled according to the aeration amount. The other steps R1 and R4 in FIG. 4 are the same as steps S1 and S4 in the example of FIG. 2, respectively.

For example, the time to start irrigation is fixed, and the amount of irrigation is performed according to the points accumulated up to that point. The irrigation image in the case of this example will be described together with FIG. 5 using the same operation pattern as that described in the above embodiment.
In this example, irrigation is performed every day at a fixed time (for example, 0:00).
In the example of FIG. 5, since the movement was good on the first day, a lot of irrigation was performed.
On the second day, it moved a little, so it was moderately irrigated.
Although it has stopped on the third day, the points are gradually added, so a little irrigation is being done.

Regarding whether to adopt the first pattern (examples of FIGS. 2 and 3) and the second pattern (examples of FIGS. 4 and 5), for example, the irrigation pump 13 (producing sound) may be operated at any time. It may be changed depending on whether or not the ventilation fan 6 (see FIG. 1) and the pump 13 can be operated together, and whether or not the fluctuation range of the water state of the plant growth base 4 is to be restricted. .. The second pattern is preferable when the time for operating the irrigation pump 13 or when it cannot be operated together with the ventilation fan 6, and the first pattern is preferable when it is desired to limit the fluctuation range of the water state.

Further, in the case of the second pattern, the time for operating the irrigation pump 13 may be controlled in accordance with the operation time of the fan 6. For example, if the irrigation timing is about to come before a certain time (for example, 30 minutes) of the operation start time of the fan 6, irrigation may be performed even before the score reaches the set cumulative point. Good. Whether or not the irrigation timing is likely to come soon can be determined by setting a cumulative point slightly lower than the cumulative point.

On the contrary, before a certain time (for example, 30 minutes) of the operation end time of the fan 6, the points have already been accumulated, but the control may be performed in which irrigation is performed after waiting until the end of the operation time.

In each of the above embodiments, air is sent to the plant growth base 4, but air may be sucked from the plant growth base 4 with a fan to ventilate the plant. Further, although all of the above embodiments have been described when they are applied to an air purification and greening apparatus, the present invention can be applied not only to greening but also to a system for growing plants such as vegetables, and whether or not purification is performed. Regardless of this, if the plant growth base 4 is ventilated, it can be generally applied.

1 ... Planting device 2 ... Overall control device 3 ... Plant 4 ... Plant growth base 5 ... Irrigation device 6 ... Fan 13 ... Pump 21 ... Ventilation control device 22 ... Irrigation control device 23 ... Dirt handling ventilation amount control means 24 ... Manual input Corresponding airflow control means 28 ... Dirt detection sensor 25 ... Airflow recognition means 26 ... Corresponding airflow control means

Claims (5)

Control of a plant growth base on which a plant is planted, an irrigation device for irrigating the plant growth base, a planting device having a fan for forcibly ventilating the plant growth base, and the irrigation device in the planting device. Equipped with an irrigation control device to perform
This irrigation control device
The relationship between the air volume classified at the stage of the ventilation strength at which the plant growth base is ventilated by the fan and the score given when ventilation is performed for a unit time at the classified air volume is set, and during ventilation. Is a ventilation amount recognition means for adding the points according to the air volume, and
The irrigation device is provided with a certain amount of irrigation when the points added by the aeration amount recognizing means reach a set cumulative point, and the irrigation amount control means corresponding to the aeration amount resets the added points.
Planting system. In the planting system according to claim 1, the aeration amount-corresponding irrigation amount control means performs stop irrigation control for irrigating a predetermined irrigation amount even if the aeration amount is zero in a specified period. A planting system with a part . In the planting system according to claim 1 or 2, the aeration amount-corresponding irrigation amount control means obtains a basic irrigation amount by the aeration amount-corresponding irrigation amount control means from an ambient environment sensor in a predetermined environment. A planting system that has an irrigation amount correction unit for the surrounding environment that changes the points to be added according to the temperature, humidity, and illuminance in the process of correcting by the amount or integrating the air volume. In the planting system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the planting apparatus greens the plants planted on the plant growth base and forces the plant growth base with the fan. A planting system that is an air purification and greening device that purifies the air by ventilating the air. A planting device for adjusting irrigation by the irrigation device in a plant growing base on which a plant is planted, an irrigation device for irrigating the plant growing base, and a planting device having a fan for forcibly ventilating the plant growing base. It is a method of adjusting irrigation
The relationship between the air volume classified at the stage of the ventilation strength at which the plant growth base is ventilated by the fan and the points given when ventilation is performed for a unit time at the classified air volume is set, and during ventilation. Adds the points according to the air volume and
When the added points reach the set cumulative points, the irrigation device is made to perform a certain amount of irrigation, and the added points are reset.
A method for adjusting the irrigation of a planting device, which is characterized in that.

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