JP6765652B2 - Anti-seismic door - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an anti-seismic door. There is a term "seismic resistance" in the sense that it is durable against earthquakes, but the "anti-seismic" in the present invention is more resistant to earthquakes than it is durable against earthquakes. Is done.

In recent years, the Japanese archipelago is said to have entered an active period, and earthquakes are occurring frequently all over the country. As we all know, many people are killed and injured during a large earthquake, and many buildings are damaged. As people living in an earthquake-prone country, we must always be prepared for an earthquake.

When a house is damaged due to an earthquake, the door frame may be deformed and the door cannot be opened or closed. Rescue may be delayed due to the door not opening, and in the worst case, it may be swallowed by a fire and burned to death, or it may be crushed by the collapse of a building due to an aftershock.

Many inventions and devices have been made to prevent such a situation. One of the measures is to add a deformation absorption function to the top and bottom and / or left and right of the door to absorb the contact force with the frame so that the door and the frame are not deformed (Square root extraction No. 61-65190). Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-189174, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-184218, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-280821, etc.).

Jitsukaisho 61-065190 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-189174 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-184218 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-280821 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-163466

When a building shakes due to an earthquake, the entire building is deformed or damaged. In particular, since the door frame has a structure that is directly connected to the building, the building around the door frame is directly deformed or damaged. A typical building deformation is the rhombus shape of the frame (in-plane deformation of the door set caused by inter-story displacement). A typical breakage is partial deformation of the frame due to partial destruction of concrete around the door frame (local deformation of the door set). This is a deformation of the door frame caused by the concrete called a miscellaneous wall between the door frame of an apartment or the like and the sash frame cracking in an X-ray shape. When the earthquake subsides in a state where the frame and the door are in strong contact with each other due to the deformation of the door frame, the door frame opens and closes poorly.

An object of the present invention is to prevent opening / closing defects by relaxing contact with respect to both deformations even if the door frame is deformed (in-plane deformation and local deformation). In addition, it is to suppress damage to the door and door metal fittings against the phenomenon that the frame and the door repeatedly collide with each other during an earthquake.

The present invention is an anti-seismic door that absorbs the lateral door frame deformation force due to an earthquake, and is composed of a first portion and a second portion divided in the lateral direction, and is between the first and second portions. At least two shock absorbers provided between the door body having a gap and the first part and the second part, connecting the first and second parts, and slid laterally in the event of an earthquake. The shock absorber is characterized in that the strength is changed so as to correspond to the lateral pressure of each mounting position (claim 1).

The present invention is also an anti-seismic door that absorbs the lateral and vertical door frame deformation forces due to an earthquake, and comprises a first portion and a second portion divided in the lateral direction, and these first and second portions. a door body having a gap between, provided between said first portion and said second portion, while connecting these two parts, slidable laterally in the event of an earthquake, at least two shock absorbers The shock absorber has been changed in strength so as to be able to cope with the lateral pressure at each mounting position, and further, the door body is rotatably supported and the door frame deforming force in the vertical direction is absorbed. It is characterized by having an anti-seismic hinge (claim 2).

Preferably, the width of the gap is 10 to 20 mm.

Preferably, the gap comprises a gap between the first portion and the second portion and a gap between the first member and the second member.

Preferably, a decorative cover is provided that hides the gap between the first portion and the second portion.

Preferably, a lid that does not interfere with the expansion and contraction of the gap is provided at the upper end position of the gap in the anti-seismic door. In addition, a drainage port is provided at the lower end of the gap in the anti-seismic door.

Preferably, the shock absorber comprises a first member attached to the first portion, a second member attached to the second portion, and a shaft elastically connecting these first and second members.

Preferably, 2 to 4 shock absorbers are provided. The strength of these shock absorbers has been changed to accommodate the lateral pressure at each mounting position.

The anti-seismic hinge may be any type as long as it can absorb the deformation force of the door frame in the vertical direction. Preferably, the anti-seismic hinge has a spring built in the pipe portion that absorbs the deformation force of the door frame in the vertical direction.

According to claim 1, when a door frame deformation force is applied in the lateral direction due to an earthquake, the width of the door body is temporarily reduced by narrowing the gap against the anti-compressive force of the shock absorber. Therefore, even if the door frame is deformed, the door will not be destroyed. That is, the shock absorber absorbs the lateral door frame deformation force of the earthquake.

According to claim 2 of the present invention, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the anti-seismic hinge can also absorb the deformation force of the door frame in the vertical direction.

Further, the anti-seismic door of the present invention can be attached to an existing door frame without adding any special parts, which is economical.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the front view showing the deformation state of the conventional door due to the earthquake, (a) and (b) show the vertical distortion, and (c) shows the horizontal distortion. It is a front view which shows the state which the anti-seismic door which concerns on embodiment of this invention absorbs a lateral force at the time of an earthquake, (a) is before the earthquake occurrence, (b) is the internal structure of (a), (c ) Indicates the internal structure after the earthquake. It is a cross-sectional view of the door at the position of a shock absorber. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the door at the position of the shock absorber (IV-IV side surface of FIG. 7). It is a vertical cross-sectional view (VV side surface of FIG. 7) of a door at the position of a shock absorber. It is a perspective view of a shock absorber. It is a front view of a shock absorber. It is a cross-sectional view of a shock absorber. It is a front view and the bottom view of the anti-seismic hinge which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a development view of the anti-seismic hinge.

When a large earthquake occurs, the conventional door 1A and door frame 2 are deformed in the vertical direction as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), and are deformed in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 1 (c). In the drawing, it is shown as a spark figure). Regarding the lateral deformation, it is known that many cracks 22 occur in an X shape between the window 21 facing the corridor and the door in an apartment or the like (local deformation of the door set).

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the anti-seismic door 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention absorbs the lateral door frame deformation force when an earthquake occurs. 2 (a) is the internal structure before the earthquake, FIG. 2 (b) is the internal structure of (a), and FIG. 2 (c) is the internal structure after the earthquake.

In the anti-seismic door 1 of this embodiment, the shock absorber 3 is used to absorb the door frame deformation force in the horizontal direction, and the anti-seismic hinge 5 is used to absorb the door frame deformation force in the vertical direction.

<Cushioner>
As shown in FIG. 2, the anti-seismic door 1 has a door body 10 composed of two portions, a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which are laterally divided. In this embodiment, the division position is provided closer to the door end side, but it may be anywhere as long as there is no problem in setting the internal device.

A gap 13 is provided between the first portion 11 and the second portion 12. (Note that the gap 13 is used as a general term for the gap 13A between the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 and the gap 13B between the first member 31 and the second member 32, which will be described later. In some cases, the distance of the gap 13 is about 10 to 20 mm, and about 15 mm is the most preferable for crime prevention. This is because even if a thief tries to widen the gap between the door on the door end side and the vertical frame using a crowbar, the dead bolt cannot be completely removed by reducing the door width by about 15 mm. Further, for crime prevention, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to cover the gap near the door handle with the L-shaped member 18.

The shock absorbers 3 are provided at four places so as to connect the gaps 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the gap 13A is covered with the decorative covers 14 and 15 fixed to the second portion 12. The decorative covers 14 and 15 can slide on the first portion 11 while covering the expansion and contraction of the gap 13A. As shown in FIG. 2A, the decorative covers 14 and 15 covering the gap 13A look like a linear pattern in the vertical direction when viewed from the outside. The decorative covers 14 and 15 may be said to be indispensable for crime prevention in the case of doors that partition the inside and outside of the building, but are not essential in the case of doors inside the building.

Since all four shock absorbers 3 have the same structure, only one of them is enlarged and shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the shock absorber 3 includes a first member 31 attached to the first portion 11 of the anti-seismic door 1 and a second member 32 attached to the second portion 12. The first member 31 has a "U" -shaped frame 33 and an intermediate plate 35 located on the open side of the "U" shape. The second member 32 has a "U" -shaped frame 34 and a fixing plate 36 located on the open side of the "U" -shaped frame. In the first member 31, both ends 331 of the frame 33 are screwed or welded to the first partial frame frame 16, and in the second member 32, the fixing plate 36 is screwed or welded fixed to the second partial frame frame 17. Weld. The gap 13B between the first member 31 and the second member 32 is covered by the door body of the first portion 11. Needless to say, the first member 31 and the second member 32 of the shock absorber 3 can be attached upside down.

The first member 31 and the second member 32 are connected by a shaft 37. The first portion 11 side of the shaft 37 can be advanced and retreated by being further guided by the guide 39 from the deepest portion of the frame 33. The second portion 12 side of the shaft 37 is fixed to the deepest portion of the frame 34. A compression spring 38 is mounted on the shaft 37 between the frame 33 of the first member 31 and the intermediate plate 35.

Therefore, when the door frame deforming force is applied in the lateral direction due to the earthquake, the gap 13B of the shock absorber 3 is narrowed, and the gap 13A between the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 is also narrowed (FIG. 2B). (See (c)), but when the force is lost, the gaps 13A and 13B are restored by the restoring force of the spring 38. By narrowing the gaps 13A and 13B against the anti-compressive force of the spring, the width of the main body of the anti-seismic door 1 is temporarily reduced, so that the deformation force of the door frame of the earthquake does not cause destruction of the anti-seismic door 1. .. That is, the shock absorber 3 has absorbed the lateral door frame deformation force of the earthquake.

At this time, since a plurality of shock absorbers 3 are provided, it is possible to cope with the lateral pressure at any position of the vertical frame of the door.

It is preferable that the initial load of the compression springs 38 in the plurality of shock absorbers 3 is changed. For example, when four shock absorbers 3 are provided, it is preferable that the spring strength of the two shock absorbers 3 located at the uppermost part and the lowermost part is slightly stronger than the spring strength of the two shock absorbers 3 located between them. This is because when a person who does not know anything touches the door, the gaps 13A and 13B should not suddenly narrow and fall unexpectedly. Specifically, for example, of the four shock absorbers, two at the top and the bottom can have an initial load of about 25 kgf, and two in between can have an initial load of about 10 kgf. From experiments, it is known that the above-mentioned accident does not occur if the total initial load of the four shock absorbers is 70 kgf.

Further, it is preferable to cover the upper ends of the doors of the gaps 13A and 13B with lids (not shown) in order to prevent rain and dust from entering. Since the gaps 13A and 13B have a role of expanding and contracting, the lid must not be rigid, and a soft resin such as a waterproof sponge or a thin plastic plate that is easily broken is preferable. Also, during heavy rain such as a typhoon, rain may seep in from the edges of the decorative covers 14 and 15, but a drainage port (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the door to drain the rainwater. Is preferable.

<Anti-seismic hinge>
9 and 10 are anti-seismic hinges 5 for absorbing the vibration force due to the longitudinal wave. A few hinges (three in the embodiment of FIG. 2) are used per standard door to rotatably support the door.

As the anti-seismic hinge 5, already known ones can be used. The materials shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-163466 of the applicant.

As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the anti-seismic hinge 5 has an upper blade plate 51, a lower blade plate 52, a unit 53, a shaft 54, a skirt 55, and a Giboshi 56 as main members.

The upper and lower blade plates 51 and 52 are rounded inward from one side of a rectangular flat plate to form cylindrical pipe portions 57 and 58, and the remaining flat plate portions are provided with mounting holes 61 and 62 as blades 59 and 60. The size and shape of the upper and lower blade plates 51 and 52 vary depending on the mounting partner.

A throttle 66 is provided at the tip portion so that the plug 64 inside the cylinder 63 does not pop out due to the pressure of the spring 65. Following the plug 64, the spring 65 is compressed and pushed into the cylinder 63 by a giboshi 67, and the cylinder 63 and the giboshi 67 are temporarily fixed by spot welding. After being inserted into the pipe portion 57, the cylinder 63, the Giboshi 67, and the pipe portion 57 are co-sewn with a pin 68 and finally fixed. The spring 65 press-fitted into the cylinder 63 does not shrink when the anti-seismic hinge 5 is used normally, and is provided with a shrinkage allowance corresponding to a gap between the pipe portions 57 and 58 when the use of the anti-seismic hinge 5 is abnormal.

In the anti-seismic hinge 5, if the shaft 54 is simply press-fitted into the pipe portion 58 of the lower blade plate 52, the shaft 54 may slide on the inner surface of the pipe portion 58 and shift even if an external force larger than the pressure input is momentarily applied. There is. In that case, the elasticity of the spring 65 in the unit 53 of the pipe portion 57 of the upper blade plate 51 is not fully utilized, so it is preferable to fix the inner surface of the pipe portion and the shaft end by another means. In this example, it is fixed by welding, but it may be fixed by using a pin or the like.

Compared to the conventional work of directly assembling the plug and spring into the pipe part of the blade plate, the work of assembling the unit 53 including the cylinder 63, the plug 64, the spring 65 and the Giboshi 67 of the present invention is indispensable for the former. Assembling is simplified because the work of cutting the inner surface and the work of press-fitting the spring 65 while adjusting the movement of the plug 64 are not required. Moreover, the unit 53 can be easily assembled and the accuracy can be made uniform, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of the hinge 5.

The shaft 54 is processed into a conical 69 shape near the tip to be fitted with the pipe portion 58. A recess is provided at the tip to store the steel ball 70, and the steel ball 70 is rotatably held by preventing it from coming off. When the anti-seismic hinge 5 is assembled, the tip of the plug 71 and the steel ball 70 come into contact with each other, and the spring 65 in the unit 53 absorbs the force transmitted from the steel ball 70 and contracts.

The skirt 55 is a member that hides the gap between the pipe portions, and the notch 73 and the blade 59 of the blade plate 51 are combined with the bottom hole 72 side facing downward. Since the skirt 55 does not contribute to strength, it may be a non-metal material such as synthetic resin.

The Giboshi 56 is fixed by press-fitting or welding to the pipe portion 58.

1A Conventional door 1 Anti-seismic door 11 1st part 12 2nd part 13A (between the 1st part and 2nd part) Gap 13B (between the 1st member and 2nd member) Gap 14,15 Decorative cover 16 (1st part side) Door frame frame 17 (2nd part side) Door frame frame 18 L-shaped member 21 Window 22 Crack 2 Door frame 3 Shock absorber 31 1st member 32 2nd member 33, 34 Shaped frame 331 Fixed part 35 Intermediate plate 36 Fixed plate 37 Shaft 38 Compression spring 39 Guide 5 Anti-seismic hinge 51 Upper blade plate 52 Lower blade plate 53 Unit 54 Shaft 55 Skirt 56 Giboshi 57,58 Pipe part 59, 60 blades 61, 62 Mounting hole 63 Cylinder 64 Plug 67 Giboshi 68 Pin 69 Conical 70 Steel ball 71 Plug tip 72 hole

Claims (11)

An anti-seismic door (1) that absorbs the lateral door frame deformation force caused by an earthquake.
A door body (10) composed of a first portion (11) and a second portion (12) divided in the lateral direction and having a gap (13) between the first and second portions (11, 12). ,
Provided between the first portion (11) and the second portion (12), these first and second portions (11, 12) are connected and at least slidable in the lateral direction in the event of an earthquake. has two buffer with (3),
The anti-seismic door (1) is characterized in that the strength of the shock absorber (3) is changed so as to be able to cope with the lateral pressure of each mounting position . An anti-seismic door (1) that absorbs the deformation force of the door frame in the horizontal and vertical directions due to an earthquake.
A door body (10) composed of a first portion (11) and a second portion (12) divided in the lateral direction and having a gap (13) between the first and second portions (11, 12).
At least two shock absorbers provided between the first part (11) and the second part (12), which connect these two parts (11, 12) and can slide laterally in the event of an earthquake. Has (3)
The strength of the shock absorber (3) has been changed so as to correspond to the lateral pressure at each mounting position, and further, the strength has been changed.
An anti-seismic door (1) characterized by having an anti-seismic hinge (5) that rotatably supports the door body and absorbs a vertical door frame deformation force. The shock absorber (3) has a first member (31) attached to the first portion (11), a second member (32) attached to the second portion (12), and the first and second members thereof. The anti-seismic door (1) according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises a shaft (37) that elastically connects (31, 32). The anti-seismic door (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the width of the gap (13) is 10 to 20 mm. The gap (13) is a gap (13A) between the first portion (11) and the second portion (12), and a gap between the first member (31) and the second member (32). The anti-seismic door (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising (13B). The anti-seismic door (1) according to claim 5, wherein a decorative cover (14, 15) is provided to hide a gap (13A) between the first portion (11) and the second portion (12). The anti-seismic door (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a lid that does not interfere with the expansion and contraction of the gap (13) is provided at the upper end position of the gap (13) in the anti-seismic door. The anti-seismic door (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a drainage port is provided at the lower end position of the gap (13) in the anti-seismic door. The anti-seismic door (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein four shock absorbers (3) are provided. The four shock absorbers (3) have the spring strength of the two shock absorbers (3) located at the top and the bottom, and the springs of the two shock absorbers (3) located between them. The anti-seismic door (1) according to claim 9, which is stronger than the strength . The anti-seismic door (5) according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the anti-seismic hinge (5) has a spring (65) built in the pipe portion (57) for absorbing the deformation force of the door frame in the vertical direction. 1).

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