JP6753070B2 - Operation lever - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an operating lever of a vehicle-mounted crane or other working device, and more particularly to a structure of an operating lever that can rotate around a rotating shaft.

Conventionally, a vehicle-mounted crane includes a hydraulically driven boom. Operations such as expansion and contraction and undulation of the boom are performed by switching the hydraulic control valve. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted crane is provided with an operation lever device for the operator to operate the hydraulic control valve. This operating lever device generally has a plurality of operating levers (see, for example, Patent Document 1). When each operating lever is rotated, the spool of the hydraulic control valve corresponding to the operating lever is moved, and the hydraulic control valve is switched.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the rotational operation of the operating lever 101 in the prior art. As shown in FIG. 12, the spool 102 of the hydraulic control valve is not directly operated by the operating lever 101, but is operated via the operating link 103 (also referred to as “fork”). Although only a single spool 102 is shown in the figure, in reality, a plurality of spools 102 corresponding to each operation such as expansion / contraction, undulation, and turning of the boom are arranged, and each spool 102 has an operation link. 103 are connected.

Each actuating link 103 is supported by a rotating shaft 104 and is rotatable. When the operator operates the operation lever 101, that is, the operation lever 101 is rotated about the rotation shaft 104, the operation link 103 also rotates in the same direction. When the actuating link 103 is rotated, the connecting portion 105 of the spool 102 in the actuating link 103 moves in an arc shape around the rotating shaft 104. On the other hand, the spool 102 moves linearly in the axial direction of the spool 102. Therefore, an elongated hole (U-shaped groove in Patent Document 1) is formed at the connecting portion 105. Then, a pin 106 projecting from the spool 102 is inserted into the elongated hole (105). As the operating link 103 rotates, the pin 106 moves in the elongated hole (105), whereby the spool 102 can move linearly.

Japanese Patent No. 2647592

By the way, when an elongated hole or a U-shaped groove for connecting the spool 102 is formed in the connecting portion 105 instead, the pin 106 makes point contact with the inner peripheral surface of the elongated hole or the like through which the slot 102 is inserted. become. Therefore, the stress generated in both of them becomes large, and the connecting portion 105 may be deformed. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to use a material having a high hardness as the material of the operating link 103, and the operating lever 101 becomes expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is typically adopted for operating an operating member that is displaced on a straight line such as a spool of a hydraulic control valve, and a predetermined rotating shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive operating lever capable of reliably operating the operating member by rotating around the above operating member.

(1) The operating lever according to the present invention has a rod-shaped handle connected to the handle and is rotatable about a rotation shaft, and has a plate-shaped surface orthogonal to the rotation shaft and a rotation shaft. It has a base provided with a plate portion having a through hole that penetrates in a direction and forms an inner peripheral edge of a predetermined shape, and a connecting mechanism provided on the base. In the connecting mechanism, a connecting hole in which an operating member displaced in a direction orthogonal to the rotating shaft is connected by surface contact at a position separated from the rotating shaft by a predetermined distance penetrates in the direction of the rotating shaft. A formed tip portion and a swinging portion that is continuous with the tip portion and is supported by the plate portion at the inner peripheral edge, and the tip portion elastically deforms in a direction orthogonal to the displacement of the operating member. In conjunction with the displacement of the operating member in response to the rotation of the base, the connecting hole can be elastically displaced so as to move in the displacement direction of the operating member and in the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. Is.

According to this configuration, the operator can operate the handle to rotate the base around the rotation axis. The operating member is, for example, a spool of a hydraulic control valve. The spool is constrained to move linearly. Therefore, in a state in which the spool is coupled to the coupling hole of the coupling mechanism, the base is rotated, the coupling hole of the coupling mechanism, the direction perpendicular to the displacement direction and the rotation shaft of the actuating member (hereinafter , "Swing direction") is applied. Due to this force, the connecting holes of the connecting mechanism are elastically displaced in the swing direction. Therefore, as the base rotates, the connecting holes of the connecting mechanism are moved along the displacement direction of the operating member. As a result, even if the connecting mechanism is in surface contact with the operating member, the operating member can be linearly moved. Since the connecting mechanism is in surface contact with the operating member, it is not necessary to use a material having high hardness for the base.

By forming a through hole in the base, the base and the connecting mechanism are integrally formed. That is, the connecting mechanism is formed by punching the base. Therefore, the operation lever is provided at low cost.

(2) The inner peripheral edge of the through hole swings as a predetermined swing in the connecting mechanism when the tip portion of the connecting mechanism swings due to displacement of the operating member in response to the rotation of the base. The tip portion abuts on the inner peripheral edge at an angle.

According to this configuration, the size of the gap between the tip portion of the connecting mechanism and the inner peripheral edge of the through hole is adjusted so that the tip portion abuts on the inner peripheral edge at a predetermined swing angle. In addition, the swing width of the tip portion is regulated, and excessive swing of the tip portion is suppressed.

According to the present invention, it is not necessary to use a material having high hardness as a material constituting the operating lever, so that the operating lever can be provided at low cost.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a vehicle-mounted crane 10 provided with an operation lever device 30 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a rear view of a vehicle-mounted crane 10 provided with an operation lever device 30. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the operation lever device 30. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the operating lever 31 in a laminated state in the operating lever device 30. FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the operating lever 31 that is horizontally rotated. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the operating lever 31. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the fork 32. 8A and 8B are plan views showing a state in which the fork 32 is rotated. FIG. 8A is a state in which the fork 32 is in the neutral position, FIG. 8B is a state in which the fork 32 is rotated in the direction of pushing the spool, and FIG. Indicates a state of being rotated in the pulling direction. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the shape of the swing arm according to the first modification. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the shape of the swing arm according to the second modification. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the shape of the swing arm according to the third modification. FIG. 12 is a plan view showing the fork 32 of the operating lever 31 in the conventional example.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. Needless to say, the present embodiment is only one aspect of the present invention, and the embodiments may be changed without changing the gist of the present invention.

[Vehicle-mounted crane 10]

1 and 2 are a left side view and a rear view of the vehicle-mounted crane 10.

The vehicle-mounted crane 10 is mounted on a work vehicle and is driven by a hydraulic mechanism whose drive source is the engine of the work vehicle. In FIG. 1, the direction indicated by the reference numeral 8 is the traveling direction of the work vehicle on which the vehicle-mounted crane 10 is mounted, and the direction is defined as the front-rear direction 8. Further, the direction indicated by the reference code 7 is defined as the vertical direction 7 (generally the vertical direction), and the direction orthogonal to the vertical direction 7 and the front-back direction 8 is defined as the left-right direction 9.

The vehicle-mounted crane 10 according to the present embodiment includes a main beam 11, a jack 12, a swivel base 13, a swivel post 14, a boom 15, an undulating cylinder 16, a winch 17, a wire rope 18, and a hook. Mainly equipped with 19.

In the vehicle-mounted crane 10, the main beam 11 is fixed on the frame of the work vehicle. A slide beam extending in the left-right direction 9 is arranged in the main beam 11 formed in a box shape having a rectangular cross section, and the jack 12 supported by the slide beam extends and touches the ground to ensure the stability of the vehicle. To. The swivel base 13 is provided on the main beam 11 and is rotatable around a rotation center axis along the vertical direction 7. The swivel post 14 is erected on the swivel table 13 and rotates integrally with the swivel table 13. The boom 15 is provided at the upper end of the swivel post 14. The base end portion 15A of the boom 15 is connected to the swivel post 14 via an undulation center pin, so that the undulation operation is possible.

The boom 15 includes a base boom 21, an intermediate boom 22, and a top boom 23. The intermediate boom 22 and the top boom 23 are nested in the base boom 21. As a result, the boom 15 is configured to be expandable and contractible. The undulating cylinder 16 is for undulating the boom 15. The boom 15 has a built-in telescopic cylinder, and the boom 15 expands and contracts when the telescopic cylinder expands and contracts. The winch 17 is provided inside the swivel post 14. The winch 17 is for feeding or renormalizing the wire rope 18. The wire rope 18 is wound around the tip portion 15B of the boom 15 and hangs down, and a hook 19 is provided at the tip thereof. When the winch 17 is rotated in a predetermined direction, the wire rope 18 is caught in the winch 17, and the hook 19 is raised. When the winch 17 is rotated in the opposite direction, the wire rope 18 is unwound from the winch 17 and the hook 19 is lowered.

[Operating lever device 30]

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the operating lever device 30, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the operating lever 31 in a laminated state in the operating lever device 30, and FIG. 5 is an operating lever that is horizontally rotated. It is a top view for demonstrating the operation of 31.

The vehicle-mounted crane 10 is hydraulically driven by a hydraulic circuit and includes an operation lever device 30 for operating the hydraulic circuit. The operation lever device 30 is for operating the expansion and contraction of the boom 15, the undulation of the boom 15, the rotation of the winch 17, the rotation of the swivel base 13, and the expansion and contraction of the jack 12. The operation lever device 30 includes a boom expansion / contraction operation lever 31A, a boom undulation operation lever 31B, a winch operation lever 31C, a turning operation lever 31D, and jack operation levers 31E and 31F, and is collectively referred to as an operation lever 31. Sometimes.

As shown in FIG. 3, one operating lever 31 corresponding to each of the above operations is provided on each of the left and right sides of the vehicle-mounted crane 10. The base end 56 (see FIG. 5) of the operating lever 31 is provided with a fork 32 (corresponding to the “base” described in the claims) described later (see FIG. 4). The fork 32 is rotatably provided on a rotation shaft 33 extending in the vertical direction 7. The pair of forks 32 arranged on the left and right are connected by a rod 34, and as shown in FIG. 5, when one operating lever 31 is rotated, the corresponding operating lever 31 is interlocked and rotated. Move. As a result, the operator can operate from either the left or right side of the vehicle.

[Hydraulic control valve 35]

As shown in FIG. 3, the operation lever device 30 includes a hydraulic control valve 35 of a hydraulic circuit corresponding to each operation lever 31A, 31B, 31C, 31D, 31E, 31F. As shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic control valve 35 extends in the left-right direction 9 (corresponding to the “direction orthogonal to the rotation axis” described in the claims) and slides in the same direction as the spool 36 (patented). It has a built-in (corresponding to the "actuating member" described in the claims). The end of each spool 36 is connected to the fork 32 of each operating lever 31 via a connecting pin 37. Therefore, when the operation lever 31 is rotated by the operator, the fork 32 is rotated around the rotation shaft 33, and the spool 36 is linearly moved to the left or right. As a result, the hydraulic control valve 35 is switched.

[Operating lever 31]

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the operating lever 31. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the fork 32.

As shown in FIG. 6, the operating lever 31 includes a fork 32 and a handle 41. The following description of the operating lever 31 is based on the premise that the operating lever 31 provided on the left side of the vehicle is not rotated in the horizontal direction (a state in which the operating lever 31 is in a neutral position with respect to rotation).

[Handle 41]

As shown in FIG. 6, the handle 41 is made of a round bar in the present embodiment, extends to the left from the base end portion 56 of the handle 41, bends in the middle, and extends in a predetermined direction, for example, to the upper left. A handle 57 may be attached to the grip portion 55 (the end opposite to the base end portion 56) of the handle 41 as shown in FIG. The shape of the handle 57 is formed so that the operator can easily grip the grip portion 55 of the handle 41.

[Fork 32]

The fork 32 includes an upper plate 44 (corresponding to the “plate portion” described in the claims), a lower plate (not shown), and a side plate 46, and has a substantially C-shaped cross section. The upper plate 44, the lower plate and the side plate 46 are integrally formed. The upper plate 44 has a substantially rectangular plate shape that extends in the front-rear direction 8 and the left-right direction 9. The lower plate is located below the upper plate 44 at a distance from the upper plate 44, and has a substantially rectangular plate shape extending in the front-rear direction 8 and the left-right direction 9. The side plate 46 has a trapezoidal plate shape extending in the vertical direction 7 and the front-rear direction 8, and the edge in the lateral direction is erected on the edge 47 of the upper plate 44 and the edge of the lower plate (not shown). There is.

The fork 32 includes a rotation shaft insertion hole 51 and a handle insertion hole 53 (see FIG. 7). The rotation shaft insertion hole 51 is a circular through hole that penetrates the upper plate 44 and the lower plate in the vertical direction 7. The rotating shaft 33 (see FIG. 3) is inserted into the rotating shaft insertion hole 51. As a result, the fork 32 has a plane in which the upper surface 44A of the upper plate 44 (corresponding to the "plate-like surface" described in the claims) is orthogonal to the rotation shaft 33 with the rotation shaft 33 as the center. It is rotatable along. The handle insertion hole 53 is a circular through hole that penetrates the side plate 46 in the left-right direction 9 (see FIG. 7). As shown in FIG. 6, the base end portion 56 of the handle 41 is fitted into the handle insertion hole 53 from the left and welded. As a result, the handle 41 is fixed to the fork 32.

[Swing arm 43]

As shown in FIG. 7, the fork 32 includes a swing arm 43 (corresponding to the “connecting mechanism” described in the claims). The upper plate 44 of the fork 32 is provided with a through hole 60. The through hole 60 is located slightly forward of the center of the upper plate 44 of the fork 32 in the front-rear direction 8 and the left-right direction 9. The swing arm 43 is arranged in the through hole 60 so as to project from the left end portion of the inner peripheral edge 60A of the through hole 60 toward the right.

The swing arm 43 is a flat bar having a tip portion 61 and legs 62 (corresponding to the “swing portion” described in the claims). The tip portion 61 has a substantially trapezoidal shape extending in the front-rear direction 8 and the left-right direction 9. The tip portion 61 has a spool connecting hole 64 . The spool connecting hole 64 is a circular through hole that penetrates in the vertical direction 7 (see FIG. 6). The connecting pin 37 (see FIG. 5) is inserted into the spool connecting hole 64, and the fork 32 and the spool 36 of the hydraulic control valve 35 are connected. The leg 62 extends from the left end of the tip portion 61 to the left. The legs 62 extend in the left-right direction 9. The width of the leg 62 in the front-rear direction 8 is smaller than the width of the tip portion 61 in the front-rear direction 8. The base end 63 of the leg 62 is the left end of the leg 62. The base end portion 63 of the leg 62 is continuous with the left end portion of the inner peripheral edge 60A of the through hole 60. That is, the swing arm 43 is integrally formed with the upper plate 44 by punching the upper plate 44.

[Operation of swing arm 43]

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the operation of the swing arm 43 with the rotation of the fork 32 about the rotation shaft 33.

When the operator rotates the handle 41 of the operating lever 31 (see FIG. 5), the fork 32 rotates about the rotation shaft 33 as shown in FIG. That is, the spool 36 moves linearly along the axis of the spool 36 (corresponding to "displacement in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis at a position separated from the rotation axis by a predetermined distance" described in the claims). To do. When the fork 32 rotates, the spool connecting hole 64 moves in an arc centered on the rotating shaft 33. Therefore, the spool connecting hole 64 moves to a position deviated from the moving line of the spool 36. Therefore, as the fork 32 rotates, an external force acts rearward from the spool 36 on the swing arm 43. By this force, the tip portion 61 of the swing arm 43 moves rearward (corresponding to the "direction orthogonal to the rotation axis" described in the claims). Due to the displacement of the swing arm 43, the central axis of the spool connecting hole 64 moves on the axis 65 of the spool 36, and the spool 36 moves linearly.

[Action and effect of this embodiment]

As described above, when the fork 32 is rotated by operating the handle 41 (see FIG. 5), the spool connecting hole 64 moves along the circumferential direction centered on the rotation shaft 33 (see FIG. 5). (See FIG. 8). Therefore, a rearward force is applied to the tip portion 61 of the swing arm 43. Due to this force, the tip portion 61 of the swing arm 43 is displaced rearward. As a result, the spool 36 can be moved linearly. Since the spool connecting hole 64 and the connecting pin 37 are connected by surface contact, a large surface pressure is not generated between them. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a material having high hardness for the fork 32.

In the present embodiment, by forming the through hole 60 in the fork 32, the fork 32 and the swing arm 43 can be integrally molded to manufacture the fork 32. Therefore, the operating lever 31 is provided at low cost. Further, the tip portion 61 swings due to the size of the gap between the tip portion 61 and the inner peripheral edge 60A (see FIG. 7) of the through hole 60 in the front-rear direction 8 (the swing direction of the tip portion 61 of the swing arm 43). There is an upper limit on the width. Therefore, it is suppressed that the tip portion 61 swings excessively.

The leg 62 extends straight from the base end portion 63 to the tip end portion 61. Therefore, the swing arm 43 swings easily and surely by bending the leg 62.

[Modification example]

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a swing arm 71 of the operating lever 31 according to the first modification of the present embodiment.

Instead of the swing arm 43 shown in FIG. 7, the swing arm 71 shown in FIG. 9 may be adopted. The leg 62 of the swing arm 71 shown in FIG. 9 is bent in a crank shape in the front-rear direction 8. As a result, the leg 62 between the tip end portion 61 and the base end portion 63 of the swing arm 71 is highly elastic. Therefore, even if the leg 62 (that is, the fork 32) is made of a material having a low elastic modulus, the tip portion 61 can be easily swung.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a swing arm 72 of the operating lever according to the second modification of the present embodiment.

Instead of the swing arm 43 shown in FIG. 7, the swing arm 72 shown in FIG. 10 may be adopted. The legs 62 of the swing arm 72 shown in FIG. 10 are bent in a crank shape in the left-right direction 9. As a result, similarly to the swing arm 71 shown in FIG. 9, the leg 62 between the tip end portion 61 and the base end portion 63 of the swing arm 72 is rich in elasticity. Therefore, even if the leg 62 (that is, the fork 32) is made of a material having a low elastic modulus, the tip portion 61 can be easily swung.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a swing arm 73 of the operating lever according to the third modification of the present embodiment.

Instead of the swing arm 43 shown in FIG. 7, the swing arm 73 shown in FIG. 11 may be adopted. In the swing arm 73 shown in FIG. 11, the tip portion 61 has a right protruding portion 74, a front protruding portion 75, and a rear protruding portion 76. The right protruding portion 74 protrudes to the right at the tip portion 61 and extends in the front-rear direction 8. The front projecting portion 75 projects forward at the tip portion 61 and extends in the left-right direction 9. The rear protruding portion 76 projects rearward at the tip portion 61 and extends in the left-right direction 9. The gaps in the left-right direction 9 between the right end 74A of the right protrusion 74 and the right side 60B of the inner peripheral edge 60A are the gap 8 in the front-rear direction between the front end 75A of the front protrusion 75 and the front side 60C of the inner peripheral edge 60A, and the rear protrusion. It is smaller than the gap in the front-rear direction 8 between the rear end 76A of the portion 76 and the rear side 60D of the inner peripheral edge 60A.

Further, the inner peripheral edge 60A of the through hole 60 has a front protrusion 77 and a rear protrusion 78. The front protrusion 77 protrudes rearward from substantially the center of the left-right direction 9 on the front side 60C of the inner peripheral edge 60A in a hook shape. The gap in the left-right direction 9 between the right end 77A of the front protrusion 77 and the left end 61A of the tip portion 61 is smaller than the gap in the front-rear direction 8 between the front end 75A of the front protrusion 75 and the front side 60C of the inner peripheral edge 60A. The rear protrusion 78 protrudes forward from substantially the center of the left-right direction 9 on the rear side 60D of the inner peripheral edge 60A in a hook shape, and the rear protrusion 78 is arranged symmetrically with the front protrusion 77. The gap in the left-right direction 9 between the right end 78A of the rear protrusion 78 and the left end 61A of the tip portion 61 is smaller than the gap in the front-rear direction 8 between the rear end 76A of the rear protrusion 76 and the rear side 60D of the inner peripheral edge 60A. The legs 62 of the swing arm 73 extend in the left-right direction 9 while being curved in an S-shape in the front-rear direction 8.

When the tip portion 61 of the swing arm 73 swings in the front-rear direction 8, first, the right end 74A of the right protrusion 74, the front end 75A of the front protrusion 75, and the rear end 76A of the rear protrusion 76 are on the inner peripheral edge 60A, respectively. It abuts on the right side 60B, the front side 60C and the rear side 60D. The leg 62 is highly elastic due to the bending of the leg 62. Therefore, the right end 74A of the right protruding portion 74, the front end 75A of the front protruding portion 75, and the rear end 76A of the rear protruding portion 76 swing while being in contact with the right side 60B, the front side 60C, and the rear side 60D of the inner peripheral edge 60A, respectively. The arm 73 can be further slidably displaced in the swing direction (front-back direction 8).

As a result, the load applied to the tip 61 by pulling the spool 36 or the load applied to the tip 61 by pushing the spool 36 is applied not only to the swing arm 73 but also to the tip 61 of the swing arm 73. It also acts on the inner peripheral edge 60A of the through hole 60 that abuts. Therefore, even if a high load is required to operate the spool 36, the high load is not applied to the swing arm 73 as it is. Therefore, a lightweight and compact design of the swing arm 73 is possible.

[Other variants]

In the above-described embodiment and modification, the legs 62 of the swing arms 43, 71, 72, 73 extend from the left end of the tip 61 and are continuous with the left side of the inner peripheral edge 60A of the through hole 60. However, as long as the tip portion 61 can swing in the front-rear direction 8, the leg 62 may extend from the end portion in any direction of the tip portion 61 and is continuous with the side in any direction on the inner peripheral edge 60A. You may be doing it.

Further, the through hole 60 of the fork 32 may be opened to the right. In other words, instead of the through hole 60, a recess cut out from the right end edge of the upper plate 44 to the left is formed in the fork 32, and the swing arm 43 may be arranged in the recess.

31 ... Operation lever 32 ... Fork (base)
33 ... Rotating shaft 36 ... Spool (acting member)
41 ... Handle 43 ... Swing arm (connecting mechanism)
44 ... Upper plate (plate part)
44A ・ ・ ・ Upper surface (plate-like surface)
60 ... Through hole 60A ... Inner peripheral edge 61 ... Tip 62 ... Leg (swinging part)
63 ... Base end 64 ... Spool connection hole

Claims (2)

With a rod-shaped handle,
A through hole to which the handle is connected, which can rotate about the rotation axis, penetrates in the direction of the plate-like surface orthogonal to the rotation axis and the rotation axis, and forms an inner peripheral edge of a predetermined shape. A base with a plate to have and
It has a connecting mechanism provided on the base and
The connection mechanism is
A tip portion through which a connecting hole in which an operating member displaced in a direction orthogonal to the rotating shaft is connected by surface contact at a position separated from the rotating shaft by a predetermined distance is formed through in the direction of the rotating shaft. When,
It has a swinging portion that is continuous with the tip portion and is supported by the plate portion at the inner peripheral edge, and the tip portion elastically deforms in a direction orthogonal to the displacement of the operating member.
An operating lever that can be elastically displaced so that the connecting hole moves in the displacement direction of the operating member and in the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis in conjunction with the displacement of the operating member in response to the rotation of the base. .. The inner peripheral edge of the through hole
When the tip portion of the connecting mechanism swings due to the displacement of the operating member in response to the rotation of the base, the tip portion hits the inner peripheral edge at a predetermined swing angle in the connecting mechanism. The operating lever according to claim 1, which is in contact with the operating lever.

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